著者
片山 めぐみ 相内 進 向井 猛 柴田 千賀子 白石 将也
出版者
一般社団法人 日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.44, pp.225-230, 2014-02-20 (Released:2014-02-20)
参考文献数
4

We report on the design aspects and process of the Asia Zone of Sapporo Maruyama Zoo opened in December 2012, and in particular, focusing on the snowy cold region. We accumulated the zoological design perspectives and experiences since the beginning of the Maruyama Zoo restart project started from 2006. The project was advanced through creating a design guidebook for the zoological exhibition that promotes compassion towards animals and anticipation upon meeting them. The ideas of breeding staffs on the design were reflected to draw the characteristic behavior of animals.
著者
矢澤 順根 古川 善也 中島 健一郎
出版者
日本社会心理学会
雑誌
社会心理学研究 (ISSN:09161503)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, no.1, pp.16-24, 2020-07-31 (Released:2020-07-31)
参考文献数
36

Although previous studies suggest that critical thinking may be beneficial to interpersonal relationships (e.g., Hirooka et al., 2000), no empirical studies investigated this effect. Therefore, to investigate the same, we focused on empathic accuracy as an important factor in establishing and maintaining good interpersonal relationships. One hundred and forty-three individuals participated in our web experiment and survey via a crowdsourcing service. We measured critical thinking ability and orientation using the Japanese Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal and the critical thinking orientation scale. We conducted the Asian Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test to assess participants’ empathic accuracy. We also measured systematic thinking skills using the Cognitive Reflection Test as a relevant variable. Multiple regression analysis showed that empathic accuracy was positively related to critical thinking ability, but not to critical thinking orientation and systematic thinking. These results suggest that critical thinking ability, especially reasoning ability, may be particularly important for increasing empathic accuracy toward nonverbal information.
著者
安井 昌之 吉田 宗人 玉置 哲也 谷口 泰徳 大田 喜一郎
出版者
医学書院
巻号頁・発行日
pp.745-751, 1997-08-01

カルシウム(Ca)やマグネシウム(Mg)は中枢神経組織(CNS)や骨で重要な役割をもつ。ミネラルが関与すると推定されているCNSの変性疾患として筋萎縮性側索硬化症(ALS)やparkinsonism-dementia(PD)が挙げられ,多発地のグアムや紀伊半島南部の環境分析で,河川,土壌中の低Ca・Mg,高アルミニウム(Al)が指摘されている。今回,低Ca・Mg,高Al食負荷によるラット大腿皮質骨,腰椎骨梁骨やCNSをはじめとする軟部組織と,ALS紀伊症例のCNSと,紀伊半島南部の脊椎靱帯石灰化症の脊椎骨と脊椎靱帯のMg,Ca量を分析し,それらの類似性について検討した。ALSと偏食ラットのCNSを含む軟部組織はCa含有量は増加,Mg量は低下した。また同様に,脊椎靱帯石灰化症の脊椎靱帯はCaは蓄積,Mgは低値であった。一方,偏食ラットの大腿骨,腰椎骨のCa,Mg含有量は対照群に比し有意に低下したが,脊椎靱帯石灰化症の脊椎骨でも対照群に比較し有意にCa,Mg含有量は低値を示した。以上のことから,紀伊半島南部の河川のCa,Mg量が低値であり,ALS同様,多発する脊椎靱帯石灰化症が,環境要因の影響を受けており,さらにミネラル関連疾患が存在する可能性が示唆された。
著者
草野 凌 吉川 憲一 宮田 一弘 Neil David Parry 石本 立 古関 一則 冨田 洋介 佐野 歩 矢吹 惇 水上 昌文
出版者
一般社団法人日本理学療法学会連合
雑誌
理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.12304, (Released:2022-12-09)
参考文献数
23

【目的】Spinal Cord Injury Functional Ambulation Inventory(以下,SCI-FAI)を翻訳し,信頼性を検討した。【方法】国際基準に準じてSCI-FAIを日本語へ翻訳した。不全脊髄損傷者34名を対象とした。評価者2名が動画上でSCI-FAI評価を2回実施した。級内相関係数,Cronbachのα係数,Weighted K係数,Bland-Altman分析を用いて信頼性を確認した。【結果】検者内信頼性Intraclass Correlation Coefficients(以下,ICC)(1, 1)は0.928~0.973,α係数0.967~0.986,K係数は0.713~1.00,1名の評価者に固定誤差・比例誤差が確認された。検者間信頼性ICC(2, 1)は0848,α係数は0.916,K係数は0.349~0.899,固定誤差,比例誤差は確認されなかった。【結論】日本語版SCI-FAIは本邦の臨床設定において信頼性を有する評価であることが確認された。
著者
橋本 彩子 神戸 大朋
出版者
日本醸造協会
巻号頁・発行日
vol.107, no.11, pp.836-841, 2012 (Released:2013-10-08)
著者
土山 實男
出版者
一般財団法人 日本国際政治学会
雑誌
国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2013, no.172, pp.172_114-172_128, 2013-02-25 (Released:2015-03-05)
参考文献数
32

What is Japan’s grand strategy in the 21st Century and where is Japan’s diplomacy heading now? These are the questions we are often asked by international affairs specialists both inside and outside of Japan. To answer these questions, I am suggesting that the strategic and diplomatic debates conducted in the 1960s, when Japan was looking for appropriate policies, be re-examined. Japanese were looking for the answers to the following diplomatic questions: Should Japan go nuclear in the light of the fact that China succeeded in obtaining nuclear weapons? Should Japan request the government of the United States to withdraw the nuclear weapons the United States was deploying in Okinawa after the Okinawa reversion? Should Japan remain in the U.S.-Japan alliance, or should Japan take more independent course of diplomacy? What kind of diplomatic relations does Japan hope to build with a growing China? To review the diplomatic decisions the Japanese government made as well as the diplomatic arguments conducted at that time, this article focuses on the international studies and strategic arguments made by three leading international affairs specialists who had a strong influence on Japanese international studies and on Japan’s diplomacy. These specialists are Yonosuke Nagai, Masataka Kosaka, and Kei Wakaizumi; the latter was also known as an emissary between Tokyo and Washington who served under Prime Minister Eisaku Sato from 1967–1971. Although each of these specialists had different approaches to international affairs, I call them realists because they were all searching for a policy “solvent”—a word Walter Lippmann used in his U.S. Foreign Policy (1943)—for Japan, rather than looking for diplomatic goals designed by ideas or philosophy. They also share the understanding that reading the situation governments are facing and predicting the next move of their opponents are most difficult. These specialists had basically the same answers to the questions mentioned above, even though they had some differences regarding how to realize policy goals. They said, for example, that Japan should not go nuclear; the U.S.-Japan alliance is a fundamental base for Japanese diplomacy and security; and Okinawa should be returned to Japan without the U.S. deploying nuclear weapons in Okinawa. Compared to the diplomatic problems Japan is facing today, the diplomatic and security problems of the 1960s were more complexly related to each other. By re-examining the theoretical analyses and practical applications made by the three specialists mentioned above, this article suggests that we may be able to learn lessons from their analyses of Japanese diplomacy.
著者
傳法 昌広
出版者
日本舌側矯正歯科学会
雑誌
日本舌側矯正歯科学会会誌 (ISSN:18836216)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2021, no.31, pp.6-34, 2021 (Released:2022-06-11)

矯正治療におけるガミースマイルの改善は患者,術者ともに術後の満足度を上げる.しかし,ガミースマイルの改善は容易ではなく,むしろ術後に歯肉の露出を悪化させることもある.ガミースマイルの原因を把握し,その原因の改善を行うことが重要といえる.ガミースマイルの原因は口唇,歯肉に分類される軟組織および骨,歯に分類される硬組織に分けられる.また,原因は一元性とは限らず,多数の原因が絡まりあい発生することもある.本稿ではこれらの原因をチャートにまとめ,それにのっとった治療法でガミースマイルを改善した3症例を提示する.
著者
逸見 孝広 石下 真也 谷 秀彰 桶谷 満 櫻井 秀彦
出版者
日本社会薬学会
雑誌
社会薬学 (ISSN:09110585)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, no.2, pp.105-112, 2021-12-10 (Released:2022-02-08)
参考文献数
38

The number of diagnosed hypertensive patients in Japan is estimated to be 9.93 million according to a 2017 patient survey, and the potential number of actual hypertensive patients is estimated to be 43 million. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the actual condition of the Do-shoho (refill of the previous prescription) period for antihypertensive drugs prescribed for a long duration, and to obtain basic data for considering the introduction of a refill system in Japan. Data were collected from the patient medication profile of patients who were prescribed amlodipine OD tablets (Chemiphar®) from July 2012 to December 2019, and the Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis test were performed with the Do-shoho period as the test variable. A generalized linear model was used to analyze the items for which significant differences were obtained. The results of the analysis showed that the factors affecting the duration of the Do-shoho were the prescribing source, diagnosis, and the maximum number of prescription days. Of the patients surveyed (N=321), 199 (62.0%) had a Do-shoho duration of 6 months or longer, which was more than half of the total number of patients. The results suggest that many patients may be eligible for the refill prescription system if pharmacists are able to properly assess the continuation of prescriptions.

7 0 0 0 車両技術

出版者
日本鉄道車輌工業会
巻号頁・発行日
no.201, 1993-10
著者
鈴木 有美 木野 和代
出版者
一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会
雑誌
教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.4, pp.487-497, 2008-12-30 (Released:2013-02-19)
参考文献数
35
被引用文献数
49 34

本研究の目的は, 共感性の多次元的アプローチに従い, 他者の心理状態に対する認知と情動の反応傾向をそれぞれ他者指向性-自己指向性という視点から弁別的に測定しうる多次元共感性尺度 (MES) を作成し, その信頼性と妥当性を検証することであった。先行研究における概念定義の議論および既存尺度の構成を概観し,「他者指向的反応」「自己指向的反応」「被影響性」「視点取得」「想像性」の5つの下位概念を設定した。これらを測定する項目を作成し, 質問紙調査を実施した。大学生871名から得られた回答について因子分析を行った結果, 5つの下位概念に対応する5因子が得られた。α係数, I-T相関係数, 再検査信頼性係数などの結果から信頼性を検討した。また, 既存の共感性尺度および共感性との関連が予想される概念を測定する尺度との相関から妥当性を検討した。今後, 自我発達との関連など認知・情動反応傾向の指向性を規定している要因の検討を進めることが, 共感性に関する応用研究において有益と考えられる。
著者
新美 亮輔 山田 真也
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.91, no.2, pp.94-104, 2020 (Released:2020-06-25)
参考文献数
58
被引用文献数
2

Faces and clothing are clues to interpersonal perception. However, it is not known whether perceptions of faces and clothing are interacting with each other. We examined the effects of facial attractiveness on subjective ratings of clothing attractiveness. Participants were shown pictures of a person wearing a T-shirt in which the faces and shirt designs were manipulated. The faces were either male or female, attractive or unattractive. Participants were instructed to rate the attractiveness of the shirts, not the faces. Nevertheless, attractive female faces increased shirt attractiveness ratings, irrespective of the participant’s gender. Attractive male faces only slightly increased shirt attractiveness ratings. Gender differences and individual variability in visual attention were not responsible for these effects. The current results more likely reflect social or cultural factors, such as the higher priority placed on female facial attractiveness than male facial attractiveness in today’s society.
著者
藤井 進也
出版者
日本生理人類学会
雑誌
日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.19, no.3, pp.159-165, 2014-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

Emerging research field of music and neuroscience has attracted much interest recently on musician's brain and behavior. Nevertheless, motor control mechanisms underlying skilled musical performance are still largely unknown. In this paper, I review recent studies on surface electromyographic (EMG) activity of the wrist flexor and extensor muscles in the winner of a contest to find the world's fastest drummer (WFD). By showing the wrist muscle activity of the WFD, I explain possible neuromuscular mechanisms underlying the exceptional musical performance.