著者

Jae-Young OH Jong-Chan CHAE Jae-Ik HAN Won-Keun SONG Chang-Min LEE Hee-Myung PARK

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.19-0523, (Released:2020-07-23)

被引用文献数

4

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This study aimed to investigate the distribution and epidemiological relatedness of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from companion dogs, owners, and residential environments of 72 households. Sampling was performed twice from January to June 2018 and a total of 2,592 specimens were collected. The specimens collected from each household were streaked on CHROM agar Staph aureus and the colonies grown on the medium were further identified using a mass spectrometry microbial identification system. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, Panton-Valentine-Leukocidin (PVL) gene PCR, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, Staphylococcus aureus Protein A (spa) typing, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) were conducted to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the MRSA isolates. A total of 65 S. aureus strains (2.5%) were isolated and 49 (1.9%) of 65 strains were MRSA displaying cefoxitin-resistance with mecA carriage. MRSA strains were isolated from dogs (n=6, 9.2%), owners (n=27, 41.5%), and residential environments (n=16, 24.6%), respectively. Overall prevalence of non-duplicated MRSA was 16.7% (12/72 households) at household level. ST72-SCCmec IVc MRSA clones predominantly appeared in MRSA-positive families. Furthermore, PFGE analyses showed that ST72-SCCmec IVc-t324 is shared between dog owners and dogs. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the sharing of ST72 MRSA between dogs and their owners.

著者

Mario RICCIARDI Alice CASALI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-0064, (Released:2020-07-24)

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The internal thoracic veins (ITVs) are small paired vessels located on the ventral surface of the thoracic cavity that drain the ventro-cranial abdominal wall, the ventro-lateral thoracic wall, the diaphragm and part of the mediastinum, conveying blood from these regions into the cranial vena cava. These vessels demonstrate a high level of anatomic plasticity and haemodynamic adaptability in both humans and small animals with blood flow impairment of the main abdominal and thoracic venous trunks. The ITVs may act as a natural bypass between the cranial and caudal venous system and between the portal vein and the cranial vena cava, depending on the level of the obstruction, giving rise to a wide spectrum of collateral pathways: intrathoracic cavo-caval, thoraco-abdominal cavo-caval, abdomino-thoracic cavo-caval, porto-cranial caval and lateral thoracic-azygos ITV collaterals. This paper provides a brief overview of the normal and pathologic anatomy of the ITVs described in dogs with cranial and caudal vena cava obstruction and portal hypertension as shown by CT angiography. Collateral ITV pathways need to be distinguished from other vascular anomalies in dogs, and their identification during routine CT studies could help radiologists to reach a more accurate diagnosis of caval or portal flow disturbance.

著者

田村 航

出版者

吉川弘文館

雑誌

日本歴史 (ISSN:03869164)

巻号頁・発行日

no.818, pp.17-30, 2016-07

著者

経済情報社 編

出版者

経済情報社

巻号頁・発行日

vol.昭和9年 下半期版, 1934

著者

岩田 正美

出版者

労働政策研究・研修機構

雑誌

日本労働研究雑誌 (ISSN:09163808)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.7, pp.49-58, 2004-07

著者

五藤 強志 平川 翼 山下 隆義 藤吉 弘亘

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会全国大会論文集 第34回全国大会(2020)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2J6GS205, 2020 (Released:2020-06-19)

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複数のエージェントが存在する場合,自己利益だけを考えてエージェント同士が衝突したり,他エージェントに影響を与えるようなケースが発生する.このようなデッドロックが起きるような環境では,複数エージェントを同時に学習するマルチエージェント強化学習により,他エージェントを考慮しながら行動を行う必要がある. 本研究では,マルチエージェント強化学習に深層学習を導入する際に,単一ネットワークをエージェントごとの複数のブランチに分けて同時学習を行う手法を提案する.これにより,エージェント同士のインタラクションを考慮しつつ,学習を行うことが可能となる. 評価実験では,自動運転環境においてデッドロックが発生するような環境を想定し,各エージェントを個別に学習する従来手法と提案手法を比較する.また,提案手法によってエージェントがどのような行動を獲得したかを可視化し,インタラクションの効果を示す.

著者

道躰 滋穂子 Shihoko DOTAI

雑誌

桜美林論考. 人文研究 = The journal of J. F. Oberlin University. Studies in humanities (ISSN:21850690)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, pp.1-13, 2015-03-01

著者

柴田 茂久 千野根 幸子

出版者

Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology

雑誌

日本食品工業学会誌 (ISSN:00290394)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.4, pp.202-206, 1978-04-15 (Released:2010-01-20)

参考文献数

5

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乾めんのねじり強度測定のため,振子式の試作機をつくり,測定条件を検討した。試料の水分含量(x)とねじり強度(y)に高い負の相関を認め,y=-46.2x+0.995xx2+521.9の式により水分補正の必要を認めた。市販乾めんのねじり強度(13.5%水分ベース)測定結果から,70kg/cmcm2以上の乾めんはほとんど縦割れがみとめられないが,60kg/cmcm2以下の乾めんは縦割れが50%以上存在することがわかった。製造の際,湿度コントロールのよい乾めんのねじり強度は経時的に増加の傾向を示した。製造の際の湿度コントロールがよくない場合は,最初のねじり強度が100kg/cmcm2前後と高くても,経時的に減少することを認めた。またこの場合縦割れが後で発生することもあった。ねじり強度は乾めんの品質指標の測定の一つの方法として使えることを認めた。

著者

横塚 弘毅

出版者

公益財団法人 日本醸造協会

雑誌

日本醸造協会誌 (ISSN:09147314)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.2, pp.91-101, 2000-02-15 (Released:2011-09-20)

被引用文献数

1

著者

田中 和子

出版者

The Human Geographical Society of Japan

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.48, no.4, pp.321-340, 1996-08-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

99

被引用文献数

1 2

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Friedrich Ratzel wrote several papers (1878, 1879, 1895b, and 1895c) and book reviews (1881, 1887, 1894, 1895a, and 1897) relating to Japan, and during 1889-1902 at Reipzig University, he gave four lectures on the world outside Europe, including Japan (Fig. 1.). His notes (manuscripts and materials) for those lectures, which are listed in Tab. 1. A and B, have been preserved in the Archives of Geography, Institute of Regional Studies (Geographische Zentralbibliothek/Archiv für Geographie, Institüt für Länderkunde), Leipzig.The examination of his writings revealed Ratzel's discourse on Japan, which has never been investigated by geographers, in connection with his extensive geographical work. This paper makes it clear that:A) Ratzel was interested in Japan and maintained study and a material collection throughout his academic career (Tab. 2).B) At the watershed of 1895 when Japan won the Sino-Japanese War, his negative evaluation of Japan turned to a positive one. Parallel with this change, his research-focus in Japan itself was transferred, that is, his ethnographical and anthropological study shifted to the political geography of Japan as an island empire.C) In his writings before 1895, he pointed out that 1) the physical and mental features of the residents of the Japanese Islands were inferior to those of Europeans, 2)the strange social class system, which, essentially, the Meiji Restoration did not alter at all, and 3) the mysterious pluralistic jurisdiction among East Asian countries, which could easily cause a political dispute. Ratzel's sense of values with reference to European culture and his contempt for an uncivilized race in East Asia were obvious.D) With Japan's defeat of China, Ratzel realized the characteristics of a land of islands and a marine nation, which were common to England. After revisions and rearrangement (Tab. 3.), his discussion of the political geography of islands (1895c) was publishedas the chapter of ‘Islands (Inseln)’ in “Politische Geographie” (1897). Ratzel expected that Japan would follow the achievements of England in the near future. The most important reason why he changed his evaluation was that Japanese could master Western culture, technology, and social and political systems within a short term.E) According to Ratzel, because the Japanese were a marine nation with high learning-ability and followed Europe, they succeeded in the reexpansion of marine transport over the ocean, and exceeded thier neighbors China and Korea-China used to be accompanied by Japan and Korea respectively, in culture as well as politics.F) Ratzel's continuing study of Japan could be a synthetic chorography, which describes and explains a peculiar combination between a land of islands in the Pacific Ocean and a marine nation with high learning-ability. The possiblity that he preparedthe publication of “Japan” can not be denied.

著者

玉垣 勇樹 橋本 大樹 水谷 麻紀子 永田 毅

出版者

日本工業出版

雑誌

画像ラボ (ISSN:09156755)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.6, pp.1-5, 2020-06

著者

今井 亨

出版者

岐阜聖徳学園大学

雑誌

岐阜聖徳学園大学国語国文学 (ISSN:13457160)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, pp.98-87, 2019-03-15

著者

宮地 悟史

出版者

一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会 通信ソサイエティマガジン (ISSN:21860661)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2010, no.14, pp.14_31-14_43, 2010-09-01 (Released:2011-06-01)

参考文献数

17

著者

亘理章三郎 著

出版者

駸々堂

巻号頁・発行日

1930

著者

川田 耕

雑誌

人間文化研究

巻号頁・発行日

no.38, pp.214-177, 2017-03-10

著者

石村 大輔 吉永 佑一 山田 圭太郎 原口 強 遠田 晋次

出版者

日本第四紀学会

雑誌

第四紀研究 (ISSN:04182642)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.6, pp.265-270, 2017-12-01 (Released:2018-02-17)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

2

著者

鈴木 政康 知野見 聡

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会誌 (ISSN:24242675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.111, no.1073, pp.332, 2008-04-05 (Released:2017-06-21)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

1

著者

柏原幸吉 著

出版者

柏原幸吉

巻号頁・発行日

1911

著者

高橋 酉蔵 岡田 寿太郎 上田 善子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.2, pp.260-264, 1960-02-25 (Released:2010-02-19)

参考文献数

7

被引用文献数

1

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In order to examine analgesic activity, dimethylaminoethyl and dimethylaminopropyl 6-chloro (methoxy or ethoxy)-2-benzothiazolecarboxylates were prepared. 2-Benzothiazolecarboxylic acids were obtained by the reaction of ethyl 4-chloro (methoxy or ethoxy)-oxanilate and phosphorus pentasulfide to form ethyl thioöxanilates, hydrolyzed with sodium hydroxide to thioöxanilic acids, and cyclized with potassium ferricyanide in alkaline aqueous solution. The acids were derived to the acyl chloride with phosphorus pentachloride and condensed with dimethylaminoethanol or dimethylaminopropanol. These esters underwent decomposition in the air to form 6-chloro-(methoxy or ethoxy)-benzothiazole.Dimethyl- or diethyl-aminoethyl and dimethyl aminopropyl 6-chloro- or 6-ethoxy-2-benzothiazolepropionate were prepared by the application of sulfuric acid in methanol to N-(p-chlorophenyl)- or N-(p-ethoxyphenyl)-succinimide to form methyl succinanilates, reacted with phosphorus pentasuifide to form N-phenylthiosuccinimides, and cyclized with sodium hydroxide to thiosuccinanilic acids, which was further cyclized with potassium ferricyanide to 2-benzothiazolepropionic acids, derived to aryl chlorides with thionyl chloride, and finally condensed with dimethylaminoethanol, dimethylaminopropanol, or diethylaminoethanol.

著者

堀木 紀行 丸山 正隆 藤田 善幸 米倉 甫明

出版者

一般財団法人 日本消化器病学会

雑誌

日本消化器病學會雜誌 = The Japanese journal of gastro-enterology (ISSN:04466586)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.95, no.7, pp.769-776, 1998-07-05

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

2