著者
桐野 文良 大野 直志 田口 智子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本金属学会
雑誌
日本金属学会誌 (ISSN:00214876)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.83, no.3, pp.87-96, 2019-03-01 (Released:2019-02-25)
参考文献数
16

The metal craft production techniques for an ancient Chinese coin named Ittou in the Shin period of ancient China were studied from material science viewpoints. This cultural artefact was manufactured in the Shin period of ancient China. An infrared image shows the surface state and the materials absorbed on the surface. According to infrared images of the cultural artefact, roughness on the surface of this coin was created on cooling during mintage. UV-fluorescence images show luminescence at corrosion products and yellow soil. In X-ray transmission images, some voids in this coin were observed, indicating the metal craft production technique used during this period. The main element of this cultural artefact is Cu and other elements are Sn and Pb. X-ray diffraction patterns indicate the presence of Cu-Sn base intermetallic compounds. Ittou coins are made from bronze. The characters on the coins were formed using an inlay technique called zougan. Yellow soil adhered to the surface of the examined coin from where it was excavated. The material used to form the characters on the coin is 10 mass% Cu-Au alloy, and flaws were observed on the surface of the characters. The compositions of ancient Kan coins produced between the east Kan and west Kan periods were also analyzed. The composition of these ancient coins was the same as that of the coin from the Shin period of old China, indicating that the same metal craft production technique was used in both periods. These techniques were improved in this period, enabling many coins to be manufactured.
著者
沢田 誠吾 八重樫 隆 古田 富雄 横倉 輝男 宮坂 貞
出版者
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
雑誌
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, no.2, pp.310-313, 1993-02-15 (Released:2008-03-31)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
13 20

7-Ethylcamptothecin (1d), a model which does not have any site on the A-ring for further modification was converted into water-soluble derivatives by opening the E-ring lactone. 1d was heated in N, N-dimethylenediamine to yield amide 2a, and this was then acylated to furnish 3a-q, which were soluble in water as their HCl salts. The propionyl (3b), butyryl (3c) and methylthiopropionyl (3h) derivatives showed higher activity than the sodium salt of 1d. The acyl group makes the derivatives more lipophilic, and ease of hydrolysis of amide 2a to 1d is thought to be necessary for significant activity.

1 0 0 0 OA 毎日記

出版者
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[168],
著者
芦塚 憲一郎 花田 克彦 中積 健一 片 健一
出版者
公益社団法人 日本コンクリート工学会
雑誌
コンクリート工学 (ISSN:03871061)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.2, pp.188-193, 2013 (Released:2014-02-01)
参考文献数
5
被引用文献数
1 2

東九州自動車道の(仮称)田久保川橋は橋長712.5mのPC10径間連続箱桁橋である。本橋は,ウェブに蝶形形状をしたコンクリート製のプレキャストパネル「バタフライウェブ」を世界で初めて採用した新しい構造形式の橋梁である。本稿では,新構造のバタフライウェブ橋の設計と施工の概要について述べる。
著者
瀧井 一博
出版者
国際日本文化研究センター
雑誌
新領域・次世代の日本研究
巻号頁・発行日
pp.155-165, 2016-11-30

新領域・次世代の日本研究, 京都, 2014年11月11日-13日
著者
八重樫 隆 沢田 誠吾 古田 富雄 横倉 輝男 山口 健太郎 宮坂 貞
出版者
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
雑誌
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, no.5, pp.971-974, 1993-05-15 (Released:2008-03-31)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
6 10

The structure of the N-amino pyridone (4a) obtained by the reaction of camptothecin (1a) with hydrazine was determined by X-ray crystallography. A mixture of 7-etylcamptothecin (1b) and hydrazine hydrate was stirred at room temperature, and the hydrazide (2b) was isolated as its diacetate 2c. Treatment of the 17-O-acetyl amide (5a) with hydrazine gave 1b (74% yield) and the N-amino lactam 6 (11% yield). Compounds with bulky acyl groups, 5c-e, gave 6 in modest yields. The N-amino lactam 6 was smoothly dehydrated into the pyridone 4d by refluxing in hydrazine hydrate.
著者
田代 雅彦
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地理学会
雑誌
日本地理学会発表要旨集
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2015, 2015

<br><br><b>1.はじめに</b><br><br>福岡は、札幌、仙台、広島とともに地方圏での広域中心都市(地方中枢都市)に位置づけられている。バブル経済崩壊後、日本経済が長期の低迷にあえぐ中で、福岡は国内でも相対的に&ldquo;元気な&rdquo;都市と言われ、発展を続けた結果、最近ではいわゆる「札仙広福」から一歩抜けだし、一部の事象では東京、大阪、名古屋という三大都市に迫る勢いを見せている。<br><br>本研究では、福岡の1990年以降の動向について、人口のみならず産業、交通、アジアとの関係、コンベンション、イベントなど多方面のデータより分析し、広域中心都市・福岡の発展要因について分析する。<br><br>&nbsp;<br><br><b>2.</b><b>九州の中枢都市として発展する福岡</b><br><br>福岡の発展要因の1つは、九州という背後圏の存在である。九州は、北海道や東北、中四国など他の地方圏と比較して、人口規模の大きな県都クラスの都市が、域内に分散的に位置している。九州では1990年代に、7つの県都が高速道路で結ばれ「九州クロスハイウェイ」が完成、2000年代には九州新幹線が完成した。福岡に本社を置く西鉄バスやJR九州は福岡を中心とするネットワークを整備、両者が競合することで利便性が高まった。結果、地方圏では規模の大きな九州が、1つのマーケットとして機能するようになり、その中心都市として福岡が発展することとなった。<br><br>福岡は、大都市圏に流出する若者を九州域内にとどめる「ダム効果」を果たし、学生や若い女性が多く若者へのサービス集積がさらに若者を呼び込む好循環を形成している。<br><br>&nbsp;<br><br><b>3.</b><b>アジアとともに発展する福岡</b><br><br>2つにはアジアとの近さと連動した発展である。福岡市は1989年にアジア太平洋博覧会「よかトピア」を開催し、アジアとともに発展する方向性を打ち出した。当時アジアとの連動は希薄だったが、東アジアが急速な経済成長を遂げる中で、福岡空港の国際線ネットワークは充実、博多港の国際港湾化も進み、交通結節点や各種都市機能がコンパクトに整備された福岡はアジアの玄関となっていった。<br><br>また、アジアなど国際市場をターゲットにした自動車産業をはじめとする大企業の主力工場が、九州各地に相次いで立地・拡大し、九州経済はアジアとの連動性を高めていった。同時に豊かになったアジアからの入込も増加した。九州がアジアと連動して発展した結果、九州の中枢都市である福岡も国際都市として発展した。<br><br><b>&nbsp;</b><br><br><b>4.福岡は&ldquo;日本の第4の大都市圏&rdquo;へ</b><br><br> 福岡は、東京や大阪、京都などとともに各種の世界都市ランキングに登場することが増え、世界的にも国際都市として認知されるようになった。このランキングには札幌、仙台、広島はもちろん名古屋でさえ登場は稀である。<br><br>この福岡の発展は、交流人口に支えられている。国際コンベンション開催件数は東京に次いで2位。2003年には日本医学会総会が三大都市圏以外では初めて福岡で開催された。著名アーティストの公演(ライブ)でも、札幌、仙台、広島を大きく引き離し、名古屋に迫る勢いである。<br><br> 福岡は、三大都市圏とは異なるコンパクトさが特色であり、人口減少社会に向かう日本において、新しい大都市のモデルとなることが期待されている。
著者
山崎 明日香 YAMAZAKI Asuka
出版者
三重大学人文学部文化学科
雑誌
人文論叢 : 三重大学人文学部文化学科研究紀要 (ISSN:02897253)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, pp.85-93, 2015-03-30

本稿は19世紀のなかばに活躍した演劇評論家ハインリヒ・テオドール・レッチャー(HeinrichTheodorR・tscher,1803-1871)の著書『劇的演技術(DieKunstderdramatischenDarstellung)』(1841-46)において提唱された俳優のための音声論を、18世紀以降のドイツの標準語形成運動と俳優の語り言葉についての問題に関連づけて考察するものである。レッチャーは、同時代の演劇界で広範な影響力を及ぼした著名な人物であり、1844年以降プロイセン政府の委託を受けて公的に演劇評論活動を行った。本稿で取り扱うレッチャーの『劇的演技術』は、演劇、俳優、そして演技術全般について包括的に論じた理論書であり、国民の道徳機関としての劇場機能の強化も併せて説いている。本稿の第一章は、18世紀以降のドイツの標準語形成運動と、それに並行して議論されてきた俳優の語り言葉に関する問題を取り扱った。その際に、レッチャーの音声論が、ドイツの標準語形成運動において、俳優の語り言葉の統一化と純粋言語への模範化に際して理論的な後ろ盾となったことを指摘した。そして第二章は、レッチャーの標準語と方言をめぐる考察をいくつか抜粋し、それを言語ナショナリズムに関連付けて論じた。レッチャーの音声論は、ドイツの標準語形成運動におけるナショナルかつ言語教育的な芸術言語の認知の流れを強めた一つの理論書であった。
著者
八重樫 隆 野方 健一郎 沢田 誠吾 古田 富雄 横倉 輝男 宮坂 貞
出版者
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
雑誌
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, no.1, pp.131-135, 1992-01-25 (Released:2008-03-31)
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
9 10

Water-soluble derivatives having the lactone ring intact were synthesized starting from 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (1). Glycosides (2) of the phenolic hydroxyl group of 1 were obtained by reaction with acetylated α-bromosugars in acetone or aqueous acetone in the presence of potassium carbonate, followed by deprotection.Phosphates (3) were prepared by reaction of 1 with phosphoryl chloride in pyridine or with dibenzylchlorophosphoridate.Sulfates (4) were obtained by reaction of 1 with sulfur trioxide-pyridine complex in the presence of a tertiary amine.The organic ammonium salts of monophosphate (3p) and sulfates (4a and 4b) showed significant activity against L1210 in vivo.

1 0 0 0 OA 稲葉華渓筆譜

著者
鈴木 淳
出版者
国文学研究資料館
雑誌
国文学研究資料館紀要 = National Institure of Japanese Literature (ISSN:18802230)
巻号頁・発行日
no.37, pp.1-32, 2011-03-18

寛政期の絵入り狂歌本等において、例外的に記名して顕著な活躍をした書家に稲葉貞隆、号華渓がいる。寛政期における江戸の狂歌本の同伴者とでもいうべき存在であったが、向島の木母寺境内にある筆塚の碑文によれば、彼は、三井親和門で篆を得意とし、深川に住んで、寛政十二年、五十一歳で没したことなどが判明する。本稿は、この華渓の活動の足跡をできるかぎり跡づけてみようとしたものである。華渓が筆工として参加した板本は、寛政二年の勝川春章画『絵本接穂の花』から寛政十一年の葛飾北斎画『東遊』まで十年間で計九本を数える。担当したのは、俳諧、狂歌などの本文はもとより、とくに断らなくとも、題簽、序文も認めたことが多い。ほとんどが絵入り狂歌本であるが、とりわけ重要なのは、寛政四年『狂歌桑之弓』から寛政十年の『男踏歌』までの連年、出された、堤等琳、窪俊満ほかによる合筆春興絵入り狂歌本である。そして、その『男踏歌』を最後に、合筆絵入り狂歌本の筆耕の仕事から身を退いているが、これは板元の蔦屋重三郎の死を契機に、合筆春興狂歌本そのものが終焉を迎えたことが原因である。同じ頃、華渓は、北斎との結びつきを強めていったごとくで、合筆ではないが、絵入り狂歌本の体裁を受け継いだ寛政十一年の浅草庵編、北斎画『東遊』の筆耕を一部、務めている。また、その直前、寛政十年の初冬、古宗理の十七回忌が営まれたのを機に、俵家の宗理名を離脱して「北斎辰政」と改名する決意を固めていた北斎は、自らの懐旧の句を載せた摺り物を作成し、その書を華渓に担当させた。そのことを勘案すれば、『東遊』に題字を寄せたのは、「北斎辰政」を名乗って自立しようとした、その首途を後押しする意味もあったと思われる。Inaba Kakei was an exceptional calligrapher who was outstandingly active, by affixing his own signature, in the illustrated Kyoka books in Kansei era. He should be really called the companion for Kyoka books in Edo. According to the inscription of his brushes’ barrow, it could be known that he was a pupil of Mitsui Sin'na and skillfill at seal engraving, living in Fukagawa he died at the age of 51 in Kansei 12th. This article is written for purpose to pursue the achievements of his activities as full as possible.The wood-block books, which Kakei was engaged as a copyist, could be counted nine from Ehon-tsugiho-no-hana depicted by Katsukawa Shunsho in Kansei 2nd to Azuma-asobi by Katsushika Hokusai in Kansei 11th. Usually he took charge of not only the text of Haikai and Kyoka, but also the title and the preface. Though his works were done within the scope of the illustrated Kyoka books, among them especially important books are the collaborated, by Tsutsumi Torin, Kubo Shunman and several other popular artists, and celebrated New Year books, which were published each year from Kyoka-kuwa-no-yumi in Kansei 4th to Otoko-doka in Kansei 10th. Then after Otoko-doka he was retired from the job of a copyist of the collaborated Kyoka books. Because taking the opportunity of the death of a publisher Tsutaya Junzaburo. The collaborated books themselves meet the end.In similar periods Kakei has seemed to be become to strengthen the relationship with Hokusai. Above all he was partly employed as a copyist of Azuma-asobi depicted by Hokusai in Kansei 11th. Azuma-asobi was not a collaborated kyoka book, but accurately in herited its style. Besides in October of Kansei 10th Hokusai determined to change his name to Hokusai 'Tokimasa from Tawaraya Sori and therefore prodused the Surimono carried his own Haiku and made Kakei write its calligraphy. In addition to Kakei wrote the words of the beginning of Azuma-asobi. In my view, it could be thought that Kakei purposed to support Hokusai's new start by giving his name as Hokusai Tokimasa.
著者
沢田 誠吾 松岡 俊一 野方 健一郎 永田 洋 古田 富雄 横倉 輝男 宮坂 貞
出版者
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
雑誌
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.39, no.12, pp.3183-3188, 1991-12-25 (Released:2008-03-31)
参考文献数
28
被引用文献数
39 57

20(S)-Camptothecin derivatives having nitro, amino, chloro, bromo, hydroxyl and methoxyl groups in the A-ring were synthesized. B-Ring hydrogenated camptothecin (2a) was converted into 10-hydroxycamptothecin (6e) by treatment with lead tetraacetate in trifluoroacetic acid. 10-Substituted derivatives (6) were obtained by a photoreaction of N-oxides (9). The cytotoxicity o the A-ring modified camptothecins was evaluated against KB cells in vitro and leukemia L1210 in mice. 7-Ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (6i) was identified as a potential derivative for further modification.
著者
本岡 拓哉
出版者
一般社団法人 人文地理学会
雑誌
人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.2, pp.130-150, 2007
被引用文献数
1

<p>Recently, the idea of housing-for-life and housing welfare, which considers resident housing rights and independence rights to be of primary importance is permeating through Japan. Under this concept, squatter areas, once called 'barrack towns', have been observed by society and form the object of various support actions. Also, in academic circles some research has begun to shed light on the process of how the barrack towns have remained through time or how they have been improved while taking notice of the residents' housing and independence rights.</p><p>However, such research seldom examines the barrack towns that have disappeared and does not clarify the process of disappearance of barrack towns throughout the city. Indeed, most barrack towns have actually disappeared without being improved. When taking notice of the residents' independence rights regarding the maintenance and improvement of the living environment of their barrack town, it is also important to pay attention to the process of disappearance of barrack towns where this was not realizable. That is why this paper will discuss the process of disappearance and background of the squatter barrack towns in post-war Kobe City (from immediately after the end of the Second World War until the high economic growth period), while taking notice of the relationship between the trend of their municipal governance and the social circumstances of those days. The process from formation to disappearance of the squatter barrack towns in Kobe City can be summarized as follows:</p><p>Immediately after the end of the war, a large number of vagrants who had no place to live, and people who had no choice but to build their own barracks on burnt-out war sites, appeared in Kobe City. Although these two kinds of homeless groups were in the same situation of housing poverty, the response of the administration towards each group was completely different. Accordingly, in contrast to the vagrants, who formed a target of control, the act of building barracks itself, although most probably an illegal act, was permitted and accepted by the city administration as a result of efforts toward self-reliance. So for this reason many barrack towns were constructed while large flows of population were entering Kobe City.</p><p>From 1950 onwards however, even though rehabilitation projects were progressing, the removal of barracks by the city administration was begun. Nevertheless, the number of barrack towns increased, since the supply of both public and private housing was unable to fulfill the housing demand of the increasing urban population in the 1950s. This resulted in contrasting situations of barrack towns decreasing or increasing in different parts of Kobe City. The barrack towns in the central area were removed but reappeared afterwards at riverbeds and underneath elevated railway tracks in peripheral areas.</p><p>Because of this situation in the 1950s, barrack towns were frequently taken up in newspapers, forming the subject of social problems. This kind of social problem had four sides to it : the issues of landscape, disaster prevention, sanitation, and anti-sociability. These were repeatedly taken up by the mass media, and were used as justifications to the general public for the removal of barracks by the city administration.</p><p>In the latter half of the 1950s, the problem of illegal occupancy especially was also taken up as a social problem relating to barrack towns. The correspondence of the administration over this social problem was deployed not on a local scale but on a national scale. Six mayor meetings and chambers of commerce (Tokyo, Yokohama, Nagoya, Kyoto, Osaka, and Kobe) discussed possible measures against illegal occupation. Subsequently, each organization submitted request documents to the Ministry of Justice, and after that Law of Theft of Immovable Property was enacted in the Diet in 1960.</p><p>(View PDF for the rest of the abstract.)</p>

1 0 0 0 OA 年録

出版者
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[248],
著者
Huanhuan Hu Tohru Nakagawa Toru Honda Shuichiro Yamamoto Akiko Nanri Maki Konishi Hiroko Okazaki Keisuke Kuwahara Ai Hori Chihiro Nishiura Ikuko Kashino Teppei Imai Akiko Nishihara Shamima Akter Toshiaki Miyamoto Naoko Sasaki Takayuki Ogasawara Akihiko Uehara Makoto Yamamoto Taizo Murakami Makiko Shimizu Masafumi Eguchi Takeshi Kochi Satsue Nagahama Kentaro Tomita Isamu Kabe Tetsuya Mizoue Tomofumi Sone Seitaro Dohi for the Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study Group
出版者
The Japanese Circulation Society
雑誌
Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.82, no.2, pp.430-436, 2018-01-25 (Released:2018-01-25)
参考文献数
22
被引用文献数
8

Background:We investigated the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) with duration of metabolic syndrome (MetS) for the past 4 years before the CVD event.Methods and Results:We performed a nested case-control study within the Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health Study. A total of 139 registered cases of CVD and 561 self-reported cases of CVD were identified and matched individually on age, sex, and worksite with 695 and 2,803 controls, respectively. MetS was defined by the Joint Interim Statement definition. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for registered CVD was 4.7 (2.9, 7.5) for people with persistent MetS (positive for MetS for ≥3 assessments) and 1.9 (1.1, 3.3) for those with intermittent MetS (positive for MetS for 1–2 assessments), compared with people without MetS during the past 4 years before the event/index date (P for trend <0.001). The corresponding odds ratio for self-reported CVD was 2.7 (2.2, 3.5) and 1.8 (1.4, 2.3) (P for trend <0.001). The association with MetS duration was stronger for myocardial infarction than for other CVD subtypes. Similar results were obtained when using the Japanese MetS criteria.Conclusions:The risk of CVD increases with increasing MetS duration. These findings contribute to risk stratification and encourage lifestyle modification for people with MetS to minimize their health risk.