著者

齊藤 伸 Shin Saito 東京工芸大学工学部基礎教育研究センター非常勤講師

出版者

東京工芸大学工学部

雑誌

東京工芸大学工学部紀要. 人文・社会編 = The Academic Reports, the Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo Polytechnic University (ISSN:03876055)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.2, pp.27-33, 2015

著者

近藤三二 著

出版者

東京女子高等洋服学院

巻号頁・発行日

1924

著者

熊谷 正夫

出版者

一般社団法人 表面技術協会

雑誌

表面技術 (ISSN:09151869)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.12-16, 2016-01-01 (Released:2017-01-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

村田 正文 Masafumi Murata 東北大学理学部地質学古生物学教室

出版者

Tohoku University

雑誌

東北大學理科報告. 地質学. 特別号 = The science reports of the Tohoku University. Second series, Geology. Special volume (ISSN:0082464X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.599-604, 1960-05-05

著者

福土 審

出版者

一般社団法人 日本心身医学会

雑誌

心身医学 (ISSN:03850307)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.11, pp.1034-1038, 2014-11-01 (Released:2017-08-01)

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過敏性腸症候群(irritable bowel syndrome: IBS)では,通常の一般臨床検査で把握される形態変化を欠くにもかかわらず,腹痛と便通異常に代表される下部消化管症状が慢性,再発性に持続する.IBSは頻度が高く,患者の生活の質を障害し,早期社会不適応の重大な原因となり,不安障害,うつ病性障害,身体表現性障害とのcomorbidityが高い.IBSの病態は,消化管生理学,微生物学,ゲノム科学,脳科学,心身医学を総動員して追求されており,いまだ完全ではないものの,次第に解明されつつある.その病態の中でも,脳腸相関の異常の重要性をわれわれは早い時期から提唱してきた.ComorbidityはIBSが重症化するにつれて病態への関与度が増す.コホート研究により,うつ病性障害と不安障害がIBS発症のリスク要因になることがわかつてきた.その逆に,IBSを含む機能性消化管障害であることがうつ病性障害と不安障害の発症リスクを高める.失感情症や人生早期の虐待などの重大なストレスはIBS発症のリスク要因になる.IBS患者では,大腸伸展刺激を加えたとき,中部帯状回,扁桃体,脳幹の過活動や背外側前頭前野の活性不全があり,腹痛を感じやすい.これらは,失感情症や被虐待歴をもつ個体でも部分的に生じている.IBS発症のリスク要因としては,感染症の種類も重要である.うつや身体化があると,感染症を契機としたIBS発症のリスクが高まるが,伝染性単核症が慢性疲労症候群の発症リスクを高めるのと対照的に,キャンピロバクター腸炎はIBSの罹患率を高め,病原体の臓器-疾患特異性がある.IBSとそのcomorbidityの背景には脳機能画像で検出可能な脳機能異常があり,脳腸相関を軸にしたその支配遺伝子,蛋白,関連微生物の同定が急務である.

著者

Shota KAWAKAMI Kazuhiko OCHIAI Yuiko KATO Masaki MICHISHITA Hinako HIRAMA Ryo OBARA Daigo AZAKAMI Masami WATANABE Toshinori OMI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.85-91, 2018 (Released:2018-01-27)

参考文献数

23

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Gliomas are common intracranial neoplasias in dogs. However, the underlying pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. In humans, isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) is often mutated in gliomas. Although almost human IDH2 mutations have been identified at the Arg172 codon, few studies have reported structural, functional or mutational information for canine IDH2. In this study, we cloned the full-length canine IDH2 (cIDH2) cDNA and substituted wild type Arg174 (cIDH2 WT: corresponding to R172 of human IDH2) with Lys (cIDH2 R174K). The cIDH2 WT and R174K proteins were overexpressed in HeLa cells, and their presence was confirmed using an anti-human IDH2-WT mAb (clone: KrMab-3) and an anti-IDH2-R172K mAb (clone: KMab-1). The IDH2 activity between cIDH2 WT and cIDH2 R174K transfectants was compared by measuring the production of NADH and NADPH. NADPH production was lower for cIDH2 R174K than that for cIDH2 WT transfectants. Finally, we detected increased expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) in cIDH2 R174K transfectants. This indicates that mutations at R174 can potentially induce carcinogenesis in canine somatic cells.

著者

Takayuki MINESHIGE Junichi KAMIIE Go SUGAHARA Kinji SHIROTA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.103-111, 2018 (Released:2018-01-27)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

11

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Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic, pruritic, and allergic skin disease in humans and animals, particularly dogs. Canine AD (cAD) has received attention as a spontaneous atopic animal model because domesticated dogs inhabit a human environment, and cAD shares several clinicopathological features with human AD (hAD). In hAD, periostin (PO) is suggested to play a critical role in the enhancement and chronicity of allergic skin inflammation; however, PO involvement in the pathogenesis of cAD is unknown. Here we aimed to clarify PO involvement in the pathophysiology of cAD and focused on the inducing factor and function of PO in canine atopic skin. Using double-labeled in situ hybridization (ISH), interleukin (IL)-13 mRNA-positive cells were detected near the keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts expressing PO mRNA in atopic skin. Using an in vitro assay, IL-13 induced PO gene expression in both canine dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. PO enhanced in vitro growth of canine keratinocytes. Moreover, among PO-induced genes in cultured canine keratinocytes detected using a microarray, we identified IL-25 as a possible mediator in canine atopic skin. In addition, real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis revealed upregulation of IL-25 gene expression in PO-stimulated keratinocytes. These data suggest that IL-13 possibly derived from T helper 2 (Th2) cells stimulates PO production in both keratinocytes and fibroblasts, and then PO may play a critical role in the pathophysiology of cAD, particularly in the enhancement and chronicity of skin lesions via IL-25.

著者

星野 倫

出版者

イタリア学会

雑誌

イタリア学会誌 (ISSN:03872947)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.53-76, 2016 (Released:2017-12-09)

参考文献数

69

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Scopo di questa indagine è l’esame di una delle rare testimonianze esterne utili alla datazione della Monarchia dantesca, vale a dire l’inciso «sicut in Paradiso Comedie iam dixi» (Mon. I, xii, 6), e valutarne la portata. La scelta di accoglierlo in senso letterale comporta necessariamente che la Monarchia sarebbe l’ultima opera scritta da Dante dopo il compimento della Commedia, ma questo non impedisce che il dibattito tra gli studiosi sia tuttora aperto, e da più di cento anni.L’ultima edizione critica dell’opera (Shaw 2009) prende in considerazione venti manoscritti più l’editio princeps. Tra questi ventuno testimoni, solo all’editio princeps manca la frase in questione, degli altri, sedici la riportano interamente, due mostrano solo piccole variazioni che non alterano la sostanza del brano, mentre gli ultimi due presentano l’omissione di alcune parole.In questo luogo, dunque, la princeps presenta una lectio singularis. Non è da escludere che l’omissione sia in qualche modo riconducibile all’errata paternità della Monarchia riferita dal curatore della cinquecentina, Oporino. Questi, infatti, nell’introduzione attribuisce il trattato non all’autore della Commedia ma a un omonimo filosofo, un Dante Alighieri contemporaneo e amico di Poliziano. La frase, dunque, sarebbe stata cassata dall’editore in buonafede (e si tratterebbe, pertanto, di una emendatio di ciò che ai suoi occhi era un errore) o meno (e si potrebbe parlare, in questo caso, di falsificazione). Il testo della princeps, piuttosto curato, fu più volte ristampato.Solo nel 1965, però, con l’edizione nazionale curata da Pier Giorgio Ricci, è stata definitivamente fissata a testo la lezione «sicut in paradiso Comedie iam dixi», confermata più tardi nell’edizione Shaw 2009. In essa si evidenzia che la mancanza di quell’inciso nelle edizioni otto-novecentesche del volgarizzamento di Marsilio Ficino del trattato politico è frutto del taglio dei curatori, giacché in tutti i testimoni della traduzione la frase in questione – in volgare – è presente).Recentemente Diego Quaglioni, curatore dell’edizione mondadoriana dell’opera, ha proposto una nuova lettura di questo passo sulla base di un nuovo manoscritto londinese (British Library, Add. 6891), con la congettura «sicut inmissum a Domino inmediate iam dixi» (il ms. presenta «sicut inminuadiso inmediate iam dixi»). L’ipotesi, tuttavia, è alquanto forzata, e sminuisce il resto della tradizione manoscritta.Un possibile indizio esterno utile alla datazione è stato portato alla luce qualche anno fa da Giorgio Padoan: il riferimento, nell’epistola a Cangrande della Scala, alle «alia utilia reipublice» (Ep. XIII, 88). Qui Dante si scusa con lo Scaligero di non poter proseguire il suo commento al Paradiso e di non portare a termine “altre attività di interesse pubblico”: generica definizione che Padoan riferisce al completamento della Monarchia. L’ipotesi potrebbe parere arbitraria, ma un’indagine sull’uso dell’aggettivo «publicus» in Dante potrebbe forse contribuire a chiarire la questione: esso, infatti, ricorre venticinque volte nelle opere dantesche, e in dodici di queste a formare l’espressione «rei publice». Dieci occorrenze sono concentrate in Monarchia II, v, in corrispondenza di una citazione ciceroniana; in precedenza (Monarchia I, i, 2-3) Dante dichiara la speranza di scrivere un libro utile all’interesse pubblico, mentre l’ultima si trova nel passo sopra citato dell’epistola a Cangrande. Pare dunque ragionevole ipotizzare che «alia utilia reipublice» possa alludere proprio alla Monarchia, il che sposterebbe significativamente in avanti la datazione dell’opera, vale a dire dopo la redazione della suddetta epistola.Oltre quanto esposto fin qui, infine, si ritiene opportuno tenere in considerazione anche due testi di Giovanni(View PDF for the rest of the abstract.)

著者

Sam Thi NGUYEN Yasuhiro FUKUDA Duc Tan NGUYEN Ha Thanh DAO Duc Quyet LE Khanh Linh BUI Chika TADA Yutaka NAKAI

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.92-97, 2018 (Released:2018-01-27)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

10

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This study was carried out to determine the prevalence, genotypes/assemblages and possible risk factors associated with Giardia duodenalis infection in dogs in central Vietnam. A total of 209 dog fecal samples, randomly collected from private owned dogs (n=105) and dogs from stores (n=104), were examined for Giardia cysts by microscopy. Positive samples were genotyped by PCR-sequence analysis of β-giardin and triosephosphate isomerase genes markers. Risk factors were studied using a structured questionnaire and collected data were analyzed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results indicated that the overall infection rate was 8.6% (18/209) with the detected parasites were belonging to the non-zoonotic assemblages C and D. Age, gender and origin of animals were the main risk factors associated with G. duodenalis infection in dogs under study. Occurrence of infection was more likely in young animals compared to old ones and in females compared to males. Dogs originated from stores were more prone to Giardia infection compared to private owned counterparts.

著者

鹿持雅澄 著

出版者

宮内省

巻号頁・発行日

vol.玉蜻考, 1891

著者

藤田 渉

出版者

長崎大学

雑誌

經營と經濟 : 長崎工業經營専門學校大東亞經濟研究所年報 (ISSN:02869101)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.93, no.1, pp.121-200, 2013-09-25

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Two-way and multi-stage trade of intermediate goods has been increasing rapidly. For example, fragmentation in trade corresponds to this. In these intermediate goods sectors, the hollowing out of industry is generally caused by a deviation from the center of international trade linkages. Progress of hollowing is not only appearing in the share of production value. Signs appear in import and export structure in advance. By evaluating the import induced by export and estimating the interrupted import shock in each sector, it is possible to measure the strength of the international linkage. These are the subjects of the input-output analysis. The former is a backward linkage effect, and the latter is a front linkage effect. Hollowing is characterized by these and changes in exports and imports. These analyses are used easily accessible competitive import type input-output tables.

著者

第四紀火山カタログ委員会

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会

雑誌

火山 (ISSN:04534360)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.6, pp.285-289, 1999-12-29 (Released:2017-03-20)

参考文献数

4

著者

深谷 輝彦 大室 剛志 滝沢 直宏

出版者

大修館書店

雑誌

英語教育 (ISSN:09133917)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.7, pp.34-36, 2000-10

著者

岩井 和郎 初鹿野 浩

出版者

The Japanese Respiratory Society

雑誌

日本胸部疾患学会雑誌 (ISSN:03011542)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.5-6, pp.311-318, 1965-03-31 (Released:2010-07-01)

参考文献数

14

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Black pigments deposited in the lung may be the indicator of environmental pollution during one's life. These pigment foci increase their number age by age, and are seen more abundantly in the man's lung than in the woman's lung. The correlation between these pigment deposits and pathological changes of bronchopulmonary system was studied on 196 autopsy cases died of the diseases other than respiratory disease. After macroscopic observation, more than four parts of the lung, i. e., S1a, S2b, S9 and the lower lobe main bronchus, were examined histologically, and the relation between the degree of pigmentation and the frequency or severity of each pathologic change was studied.The pigmented foci appear usually after 20 years of age, and increase their number after 40 years of age, especially after 60 years of age. These pigmentations are seen most in the apex and S2a, then in S2b, S6 and S3, and rare in the basal part of the lung. Squamous cell metaplasia and basal cell hyperplasia of bronchial- or bronchiolar epithelium seemed to have some relation with the black pigment deposit, and these changes are more frequent and severe in the lung of marked pigmentation. But, hyperplasia of mucous glands or goblet cells in bronchial or bronchiolar walls did not show any relation to the amount of pigment deposit, as well as the cell infiltration of bronchial or bronchiolar wall. Fibrous thickening of bronchiolar walls and small scar tissues scattered in the lung had some relation with the degree of pigmentation, and emphysema (mainly centrilobular emphysema) seemed to have relation with the deposition of black pigments.Although our series contain only a few cases which had been diagnosed as chronic bronchitis clinically, it can be thought from these observations that an inhalation of the polluted air stimulates the bronchiolar wall and causes chronsc bronchiolitis, bronchiolopneumonia and sometimes centrilobular emphysema on one hand, and causes deposition of black pigments in the lung on the other hand.

著者

堀内 洋平 岡野 めぐみ 石川 裕貴 植田 浩史 高良 真佑子 松田 すみれ 千田 海帆 竹本 雅則 藤井 太基 桜谷 保之

出版者

近畿大学農学部

雑誌

近畿大学農学部紀要 (ISSN:04538889)

巻号頁・発行日

no.46, pp.309-323, 2013

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私達はいろいろな場面で,「かわいい」という言葉を耳にしたり,口にする機会が多い。その対象は動植物やそれをモデルにしたグッズ類,キャラクターである場合が多い(アニマ,1987;桜谷・初宿;2009)。近年こうしたグッズ類やアニメ等に関する産業はかなり盛んである(アニマ,1978;島村,1991;真壁他,2009)。しかし,「かわいらしさ」に関する生物学的考察はかなり少ない(たとえば,アニマ,1987;桜谷,1996;島村,1991;古賀,2009など)。「かわいらしさ」とはもともと,各人の好みや感じ方の問題であって,科学的分析には向かなく,あるいは困難な面を持っていると考えられる傾向があるが,人気のある生物にはいくつかの特徴があるように思われる。本研究では主に里山に生息する生物の「かわいらしさ」について調査し,その特性について考察する。一般に里山は生物多様性に富み,かわいらしい生物を調査することによって,その新たな効果(癒し効果等)やグッズ等におけるモデルとしての活用が期待される。

著者

Satoshi Kodera Hiroyuki Morita Arihiro Kiyosue Jiro Ando Issei Komuro

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-17-0995, (Released:2018-01-23)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

15

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Background:The addition of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) to statin therapy has been shown to reduce cardiovascular events. This study examined the cost-effectiveness of EPA plus statin (EPA+statin) combination therapy compared with statin monotherapy for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Japan.Methods and Results:A Markov model was applied to assess the costs and benefits associated with EPA+statin combination therapy over a projected 30-year period from the perspective of a public healthcare funder in Japan. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), expressed as quality-adjusted life-years (QALY), was estimated for primary prevention and secondary prevention of CVD in patients with hypercholesterolemia. Impact on survival and number of events were based on the Japan EPA Lipid Intervention Study. Sensitivity analyses examined the influence of various input parameters on costs and outcomes of treatment. ICER was ¥29.6 million per QALY gained in primary prevention and ¥5.5 million per QALY gained in secondary prevention. The probabilities that EPA+statin combination therapy would be cost-effective compared with statin monotherapy were 39% in primary prevention and 49% in secondary prevention at a cost-effectiveness threshold of ¥5 million per QALY gained. Sensitivity analyses showed that EPA was cost-effective in secondary prevention.Conclusions:EPA+statin combination therapy showed acceptable cost-effectiveness for secondary prevention, but not primary prevention, of CVD in patients with hypercholesterolemia in Japan.

著者

大前 巌

出版者

The Society of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan

雑誌

有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.2, pp.133-145, 1978-02-01 (Released:2009-11-13)

参考文献数

99

被引用文献数

2 2

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1, 4-Cyclohexadiene (1, 4-CHD) is easily prepared by the Birch reduction using an alkali metal and a proton source in liquid ammonia or by the electrolytic reduction, and the 1, 4-CHD can be isomerized to 1, 3-CHD and disproportionated to benzene and cyclohexene or cyclohexane. While the addition reaction of one double bond in the 1, 4-CHD occurs easily, the reactivity of the other double bond is lowered. As the disproportionation and the hydrogenation are carried out using the same catalyst, it seems reasonable that the reaction of the 1, 4-CHD with the catalyst forms once a π-complex, the 1, 4-CHD moiety of the π-complex is eliminated as benzene by heating, the remaining catalyst moiety having two hydrogen atoms of the complex reacts with the other 1, 4-CHD molecule to form the hydrogenated π-complex, which gives cyclohexene. The 1, 4-CHD forms the 1, 4-, 1, 3-CHD of phenyl-π- complexes depending upon various kinds of metals of the catalyst, and the mass spectra of the 1, 3-π- complex indicates the presence a metastable ion during the cource from the molecular ion to the dehydrogenated phenyl-π-complex ion. The polymerizability of 1, 4-CHD monomer is low and poly-1, 3-CHD-, polymer of a low molecular weight is formed after the isomerization to 1, 3-CHD in the polymerization. Its oxidation affords diepoxide and tetraol which can be used as polymers and modifiers, and its reaction with metal cyanide and phosgene affords tetracyanoquinodimethane which can be also used as conductive polymers and super conduction materials.

著者

濱西 誠司

出版者

ヒューマンケア研究学会

雑誌

ヒューマンケア研究学会誌 = The Journal of Japanese Society of Human caring Research (ISSN:21872813)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.59-61, 2014-03-31

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月経前に繰り返し生じる精神的あるいは身体的症状をP M S(月経前症候群)といい、特に精神症状が強く生じる重症例はP M D D(月経前気分不快障害)と呼ばれている。P M S / P M D Dは「人に対して不機嫌な態度をとる」「人にあたる」などの攻撃的な行動がみられることも多く、家庭や職場における対人関係に支障をきたすことがある。近年、精神症状に対してはS S R Iの有効性が確立してきており、身体症状に対しては漢方療法や低用量ピルが選択されることもある。「2012年P M S(月経前症候群)に関する男女の意識調査」(小林製薬)によると、20代以上の女性85.9%がP M S を経験していると報告されている。また、90%以上の女性がP M Sを経験したことがあるという報告もあり、P M Sは多くの女性に共通した問題であることがわかる。しかし、P M S は多くの女性が経験し、月経発来とともに症状が軽減ないし消失するため、疾病としての認識は低く、日常生活や社会生活が困難であるにも関わらず医療機関を受診していない女性も多数存在し、P M S / P M D Dの潜在的な患者は約18万人に及ぶと推定されている。また、同調査では働く女性の約1割がP M SあるいはP M D Dの症状のために仕事を休むことがあると報告されており、P M S / P M D D に対する支援は労働衛生の観点からも重要と考えられる。そこで本研究では、若年女性のP M S / P M D Dの重症度や治療に関する知識およびニーズに関する調査を実施し、P M S / P M D D に関する支援法を開発するための基礎的な知見を得ることを主な研究目的とする。

著者

勝沼信彦 市原明編集

出版者

朝倉書店

巻号頁・発行日

1968

著者

板倉,昭二

出版者

物性研究刊行会

雑誌

物性研究

巻号頁・発行日

vol.88, no.4, 2007-07-20

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他者に心的状態を認めたり、その状態を推論したりすることをメンタライジングという。メンタライジングは、人が円滑な社会的生活を営む上で重要な能力となる。メンタライジングの萌芽は、乳児期初期の社会的知覚だと考えられる。すなわち、ヒトの持つ特有な刺激に対する選好に始まり、母子関係に代表される二項関係、さらに第三者もしくは対象物を含む三項関係の成立、そして他者の誤信念を理解する「心の理論」の成立へと続く。本稿では、メンタライジングの発達を、ヒトに対する志向性、ヒト以外のエージェントに対する目標志向性の付与や意図の付与、誤信念の帰属について、われわれがおこなってきた実証的な研究を概略する。