著者

内部 英治 銅谷 賢治

出版者

日本神経回路学会

雑誌

日本神経回路学会誌 (ISSN:1340766X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.4, pp.293-304, 2007-12-05 (Released:2008-11-21)

参考文献数

57

被引用文献数

1

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近年の人工ニューラルネットや機械学習の発展により, 学習能力を持った様々なロボットや人工エージェントなどが開発されている. しかしロボットに目的の行動をうまく学習させるためには (1) メタパラメータ, (2) 報酬関数, (3) 状態表現, (4) 学習アルゴリズムの選択, といった問題を注意深く設計しなければならない. 多くの人工システムでは, それらは設計者が試行錯誤を通して設定していたが, 人間やそれ以外の動物は多様に変化する環境下でも新しい行動を次々と学習している. このようなメタな学習を実現している計算理論とは何かを解明することがサイバーローデントプロジェクトの目的である. 本稿では我々の研究を中心として, 上記4つの問題を自律的に調整・獲得するための手法について概説する.

著者

潟沼 誠二

出版者

北海道教育大学

雑誌

語学文学 (ISSN:02868962)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.1-7, 2002-03

著者

寺岡 加代 森野 智子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本老年歯科医学会

雑誌

老年歯科医学 (ISSN:09143866)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.115-122, 2010 (Released:2011-05-10)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

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高齢者の意欲 (Vitality Index) の1年後の変化ならびに変化に関連する背景因子の分析を目的とする縦断調査を実施した。調査対象は介護老人福祉施設在住の要介護高齢者118名 (男性25名, 女性93名, 平均年齢 : 84.2±7.7歳) である。意欲の評価指標は介護者の観察による客観的評価であるVitality Indexを使用した。また意欲の背景因子のうち口腔機能として, 現在歯数, 簡易機能歯ユニット, 改訂水飲みテスト, その他の因子として, 年齢, 性別, 要介護度, 食形態, 食事の自立度, 体格指数, 血中アルブミン値, 共存疾患数, 認知機能を評価した。分析の結果, 対象者の約6割は1年後にVitality Indexが低下すること, ならびに低下に関連する因子は食事動作の自立度であることが認められた。したがって, 要介護高齢者の意欲の低下を予防するためには, 食事動作の自立を維持することが重要であることが示唆された。

著者

広瀬 孝三郎 松原 仁 原 久夫

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集C(地圏工学) (ISSN:21856516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.1, pp.27-37, 2016

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マッドペーストの乾燥収縮亀裂は,土粒子と乾燥-湿潤サイクルの相互作用やペーストの状態変化に伴って,極めて複雑な力学的挙動を示すことが知られている.本研究では,ベントナイトペーストに発生するMudcrackのフラクタル次元を明らかにし,また,乾燥過程におけるフラクタル次元の経時変化および粒度組成に伴う変化,さらに,乾燥-湿潤繰返しが亀裂パターンおよびフラクタル次元に及ぼす影響について検討した.その結果,Mudcrackのフラクタル次元は,乾燥時間に伴って一定値に収束し,体積収縮率と密接な関係があることが明らかとなった.一方,Mudcrackのフラクタル次元と亀裂進展長さに関しては統一的な関係はみられないが,乾燥-湿潤サイクル実験により,亀裂は過去に発生した亀裂箇所で再度発生することが分かった.

著者

Uechi Hiroaki Tan Nobusuke

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.65-72, 2015

被引用文献数

1

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This study examined the effectiveness of internet-delivered interventions—comprising recording of daily steps, a daily steps graph, goal setting, integration with a social networking service, personalized reminders urging physical activity, team and individual ranking, and a questionnaire—for promoting physical activity. Participants in the intervention group were 253 workers in five industrial sectors: manufacturing (94); transportation and postal activities (32); education and learning support (38); medical, healthcare, and welfare (63); and services not classified elsewhere (NCE) (26). Analysis of variance was used to test for significant differences in daily step count and exercise self-efficacy according to industrial sector (5 aforementioned groups and a control group) and time (pre/post-intervention). Although the NCE services group had a significantly higher daily step count post-intervention, self-efficacy was not significantly changed in any group. The NCE services group was assumed to use a computer as part of their daily work. This possibly indicates that for the effective use of this intervention, which relies on information and communications technology (ICT), participants must possess media literacy and work in a substantially ICT-focused environment. This study suggests it is necessary to enrich the contents of internet-delivered interventions and simultaneously enhance participants ability to use personal computers in order to successfully promote physical activity.

著者

金田 亜里沙 大竹 恵子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.2, pp.47-54, 2015

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The purpose of this study was to develop a scale measuring mothers level of happiness in the daily events of child rearing and to investigate the effect of maternal optimism on their happiness in child rearing. Six hundred seventy-six mothers with toddlers (age one through preschool) completed a questionnaire containing scales on optimism, child-rearing happiness in daily events, happiness regarding child care, and feelings about child rearing. The main results were as follows: (1) factor analysis revealed that the "child-rearing happiness in daily events" scale consists of two factors, called "care giving" and "interacting with toddlers" and (2) regression analysis revealed that optimism is related to increased child-rearing happiness in daily events, happiness in child care, and positive feelings about child-rearing. Also, optimism decreases negative feelings about child-rearing. These results indicated that the "child-rearing happiness in daily events" scale can measure the degree of happiness felt by mothers in daily child rearing.

著者

木村 年晶 内山 伊知郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.23-32, 2015

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The relationship between emotional valence of social interactions and subjective happiness (SH) of elderly groups was investigated based on the convoy model in young adults (<i>n</i>=30), early-elderly (<i>n</i>=30), and late-elderly (<i>n</i>=29) groups. Results of a simple correlation analysis indicated a positive correlation between mean closeness scores and SH Scale scores in young adults and a positive correlation between mean emotional valence and SH Scale scores in early-elderly and late-elderly people. Moreover, multiple regression analysis was conducted by adding variables: health status scale score, the rate of relatives living together, the number of interactions, the mean frequency of the interactions per month, the rate of the same sex, which indicated that the significant correlation coefficient between mean closeness scores and SH scale scores disappeared, and that the number of interactions predicted SH in the young adult group. Furthermore, SH in the early-elderly and late-elderly groups was predicted by the mean emotional valence score. Results of this study suggested that selecting interactions with others with positive emotions was necessary for SH in elderly people, which supported the socioemotional selectivity theory.

著者

堀田 亮 杉江 征

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.41-46, 2015

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An exploratory investigation was conducted with university students regarding major negative events experienced by them, and the correlation between these events with accompanying emotions. University students (<i>N</i>=94) responded to an open-ended questionnaire. The negative events that they experienced were categorized using the KJ method into the following areas: (1) academic life/career, (2) human relations, (3) extracurricular activities/sports (4) losses, (5) disasters, (6) crime victimization, and (7) illness/injury. Then, Hayashis Quantification Method III was applied to major negative events and accompanying emotions. Results indicated that major negative events experienced in extracurricular activities and sports were correlated with frustration and anger, those in academic life/career path and human relations were correlated with sadness, disasters with resignation, and loss with surprise. There was no correlation between experiences of crime victimization with any emotion. This research presents a frame of reference for investigating experiences of major negative events.

著者

中谷 盛吾 境 泉洋

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.33-40, 2015

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Effects of physical exercises on physical, mental and social functions of elderly people were investigated. Elderly people (<i>N</i>=16) in need of support participated in a randomized crossover study twice weekly for 8 weeks. Results indicated significant improvements in the Geriatric Depression Scale scores and in the gait duration in the Timed Up and Go Test for the group that implemented physical exercises. Moreover, a correlation was observed between improvements in physical functions after the intervention with physical, psychological and social functioning of frail elderly people. These results suggest that appropriate physical exercises for elderly people who are need of support were effective for improving their physical and mental functions. In addition, physical exercises were more effective for improving physical, psychological, and social functioning of frail elderly people.

著者

田中 久美子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.15-21, 2015

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The relationship between test anxiety and restrained eating, as assessed by estimates of the calorie content of food was investigated. Female undergraduate students (<i>N</i>=169) participated in the study. They were shown two "healthy" (fruits) and four "unhealthy" foods (chocolate, potato chips, etc.), and were asked to estimate the calorie content of each food item. Participants also completed questionnaires assessing their test anxiety, as well as the Revised Restrained Scale. Results indicated that restrained eaters were more likely than unrestrained eaters to underestimate the calorie content of healthy food, regardless of their anxiety status. This finding suggested that restrained eaters, who are concerned with managing their weight, believe that healthy foods do not affect potential weight gain, which supported the health halo effect. Moreover, restrained eaters with low anxiety overestimated calories in sweets, which are unhealthy food, whereas restrained eaters with high anxiety underestimated their calories. These biases suggest that lower calorie estimation of unhealthy foods allowed restrained eaters to feel fewer cognitive conflicts associated with eating as an emotion regulation strategy.

著者

Kim Eunbi Sakairi Yosuke

出版者

一般社団法人 日本健康心理学会

雑誌

健康心理学研究 (ISSN:09173323)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.1-13, 2015

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The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the mood regulation effects induced by different types of exercise and music. In Study 1, 67 university students listened to music (lively and dynamic Fast Music: FM or calm and static Slow Music: SM) and in Study 2, 78 university students performed the chosen exercise (Dynamic Exercise: DE or Static Exercise: SE). The changes in their mood states after each task of 3 min were compared by using the vitality, stability, arousal, and pleasure scores of mood states in the Two-Dimensional Mood Scale (Sakairi, Nakatsuka, & Shimizu, 2013). Results indicated that pleasure scores increased significantly after all tasks. Increases in the vitality score, as activation effect, was confirmed to have occurred after listening to FM, and engaging in DE and SE. Furthermore, increase in the stability score, as relaxation effect, was exhibited after listening to SM and engaging in SE. These findings suggest that individuals can self-regulate their mood states by appropriately taking advantage of activation and relaxation effects of different types of music and exercises.

著者

三浦 浩之 ミウラ ヒロユキ Hiroyuki MIURA

出版者

広島修道大学人間環境学会

雑誌

人間環境学研究 = Journal of human environmental studies (ISSN:13474324)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.17, pp.71-94, 2015-02

著者

大蔵省印刷局 [編]

出版者

日本マイクロ写真

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1920年07月03日, 1920-07-03

著者

伊藤 裕子 相良 順子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.1, pp.42-48, 2015 (Released:2015-04-25)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

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A marital commitment scale was created to study marital relationships of middle-aged and elderly couples. This study examined the scale’s reliability and validity. A total of 840 middle-aged and elderly married participants ranged from 37 to 89 years completed the marital commitment questionnaire and answered questions regarding marital love, perception of the balance of power between spouses, and the concept of gender roles. The results showed that marital commitment consisted of: personal commitment, resigned and instrumental commitment and normative commitment. Personal commitment was highly correlated with marital love. Resigned and instrumental commitment was correlated with perception of poorly balanced of power between spouses. Normative commitment was correlated with the concept of traditional gender roles. Thus the internal consistency as well as the construct and criterion-related validity of the marital commitment scale were confirmed. Gender differences were also identified. Men scored higher on personal and normative commitment, and women scored higher on resigned and instrumental commitment. The results are discussed in terms of gender.

著者

大越 昌子 胡 景杰 石川 隆二 藤村 達人

出版者

日本育種学会

雑誌

育種学研究 (ISSN:13447629)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.125-133, 2004-09-01

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

3 10 1

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古代に栽培されていたイネの品種や来歴を明らかにすることを目的として,遺伝的変異を比較的よく保有していると考えられる日本の在来イネ(Oryza sativa L.)73品種について,複数のマイクロサテライトマーカーを用いた多型解析による分類を試みた.基準品種として,中国より導入した陸稲4品種および形態的・生理的形質に基づいてIndicaおよびJaponicaに分類されているアジアの在来イネ8品種を用い,多型性の大きい8種(RM1,RM20A,RM20B,RM30,RM164,RM167,RM207,RM241)のマイクロサテライトマーカーを選んで分析した.その結果,日本の在来イネはIndicaおよびJaponicaに大別され,そのうち8品種がIndicaに,残り65品種がJaponicaに属していることが明らかになった.後者に属するものはさらに3つのサブグループ,すなわち陸稲グループ(J-A),陸稲・水稲混合グループ(J-B)および水稲グループ(J-C)に分類された.このうち,グループ(J-B)は陸稲グループ(J-B_1)と水稲グループ(J-B_2)の2つのグループに分類され,前者は熱帯Japonica,後者は温帯Japonicaであることが示された.陸稲の「古早生」,「福坊主」および「関取」は,温帯Japonicaの品種と同じグループ(J-B_3)に属していた.これらは水稲と近縁であることから,水稲から転用された陸稲であったと考えられる.本研究に用いた8種のマイクロサテライトマーカー(RM1,RM20A,RM20B,RM30,RM164,RM167,RM207,RM241)は,イネ,特に日本の在来種の分類・識別に有効なマーカーとなりうると考える.

著者

蔡 鳳書

出版者

国際日本文化研究センター

雑誌

日本研究 : 国際日本文化研究センター紀要

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, pp.263-277, 2002-04-30

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これまでの中日古代文化交流歴史研究においては、文献記録の資料に主として依拠する場合が多かったが、戦後の五〇年間には中国、日本ともに考古学の研究成果が多い。この情勢により、両国の発掘調査の資料を利用し、中日文化交流史を研究することが必要になる。

著者

奥山 治美

出版者

社団法人日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.5, pp.583-585, 1995-05

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

3

著者

笠井 易 齊藤 実

出版者

山梨学院大学

雑誌

山梨学院大学経営情報学論集 (ISSN:13410806)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.23-37, 2011-02-09

被引用文献数

1

著者

桑村 昭

出版者

山形大学

雑誌

山形大学紀要. 教育科学 = Bulletin of Yamagata University. Educational Science

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.3, pp.153(325)-186(358), 2008-02-15

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Summary : Since their deregulation in 2004, more and more Japanese national universities have been dynamically restructuring their international functions by incorporating their international linkages and student exchange components into international student services and Japanese language education functions in order to provide a more comprehensive service. This paper attempts to show how effectively they have been able to accomplish that and what major issues and challenges Japanese national universities now face. The author especially focuses on whether Japanese national universities have been successful in setting up an international office as a single, independent entity by taking in all key functions in the field of international education effectively and making it visible within the university. The author begins his argument by bringing up several key issues as to how the aforementioned functions are performed in the international program offices of Japanese national universities: office structure, management, personnel issues, and so on. He then uses three questionnaires, including his own targeted at Japanese national universities, to support his arguments and investigate whether or not there are similar issues are prevalent at other Japanese national universities. Examples of how international offices are structured and how their functions are performed at three foreign universities are also introduced and compared to their Japanese counterparts to seek possible models. In the final chapter, the author makes suggestions for better ways to run an international office, what roles faculty and staff could play and how they could collaborate in performing their duties in each functional area within the field of international education. He also proposes structural models that may be suitable for international offices at Japanese national universities.

著者

渡辺 将尚 西平 直史

出版者

山形大学

雑誌

山形大学紀要. 教育科学 = Bulletin of Yamagata University. Educational Science

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, no.3, pp.13(205)-22(214), 2004-02-16

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We developed a computer aided instruction (CAI)system that can show how much the students understand. We made out the effect of this system by the experiment with 12 students. At first, they answered 5 questions about the German definite articles that we had prepared on a Web page in advance. They sent their answers via Internet to the server and the teacher obtained them from the server. If they had some questions, they were able to send them with the answers. We confirmed that this system has the following 3 advantages :1. We can grasp in every question, how many students understand the question. 2. We can make the explanation more efficient, because we can also know, which mistakes the students make. The teachers can spare more time to explain the points which the students do not understand. 3. The students can ask questions more easily than before, since they need to make themselves know neither to the teacher nor the other students.