著者

宇野 達也 小圷 成一 平田 廣則

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌) (ISSN:03854221)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.118, no.3, pp.326-332, 1998-03-01 (Released:2008-12-19)

参考文献数

15

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We propose a new ANN learning algorithm based on hierarchical clustering of training data. The proposed algorithm first constructs a tree of sub-learning problems by hiearchically clustering given learning patterns in a bottom-up manner and decides a corresponding network structure. The proposed algorithm trains the whole network giving teacher signals of the original learning problem to the output units, and trains sub-networks giving teacher signals of the divided sub-learning problems to the hidden units simultaneously. The hidden units which learn sub-learning problems become feature detectors, which promote the learning of the original learning problem. We demonstrate the advantages of our learning algorithm by solving N-bits parity problems, a non-liner function approximation, iris classification problem, and two-spirals problem. Experimen-tal results show that our learning algorithm obtains better solutions than the standard back-propagation algorithms and one of constructive algorithms in terms of the learning speed and the convergence rate.

著者

村田 弥栄子 山本 多恵 大場 郁子 中道 崇 中山 恵輔 太田 一成 宮澤 恵実子 清元 秀泰 上野 誠司 大友 浩志 佐藤 博 伊藤 貞嘉 宮崎 真理子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本透析医学会

雑誌

日本透析医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13403451)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.4, pp.357-362, 2012-04-28 (Released:2012-05-29)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

1 1

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2011年3月11日に発生した東日本大震災では,宮城県の広い範囲,特に東部沿岸地域は津波による市街地の流失,電気,上水の供給停止,通信の途絶など,大きな被害を受け,災害拠点病院への救急患者集中,通院手段の確保困難,生活環境の悪化が生じ,被災地外での支援透析を要した.災害支援透析において,被害が大きい依頼側に,通常の臨時透析と同レベルの情報提供を求めることは,災害支援の基本概念に沿わない.また,支援側は,業務増大の中で初診の多数の透析患者の診療を行わなければならないが,過酷な環境から避難してきた透析患者への対応は,平時とは異なる視点が必要となる.そこで,われわれは震災後に多人数の入院支援透析を行うにあたり,災害時透析入院クリニカルパスを作成し使用した.クリニカルパスの運用によって,避難患者の容態把握を共通化,標準化することが可能で,二次避難先への引継ぎにも利用した.過去に例をみない大災害であったが,このクリニカルパスの活用は災害時入院支援透析における診療に有用であったので,ここに報告する.

著者

松本 聡

出版者

The Geological Society of Japan

雑誌

日本地質学会学術大会講演要旨 (ISSN:13483935)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.254, 2014 (Released:2015-03-16)

著者

高橋 徹 松本 純

出版者

一般社団法人 日本肝臓学会

雑誌

肝臓 (ISSN:04514203)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.6, pp.408-418, 1977-06-25 (Released:2009-07-09)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

1

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肝硬変症ならびに先行病変の立体構造においては,実質域の三次元ネットワークが骨格をなしていることを既に発表した(肝臓;18/5, 1977).このネットワークの位相幾何学的性質を利用して病変の移行関係を解析する方法を考案した.それは臓器中のネットワークの連結数p1の総値を求め,これをパラメーターとして病型の遠近関係を推察する方法である.種々の型の慢性肝病変の6例にこの方法を適用し,とくに慢性肝炎から肝硬変症の成立過程を重点的に考察した.解析の結果,総p1値は前者で610万,乙型肝硬変で10万と推定された.この大きな差からみて,慢性肝炎から乙型への移行は構造の連続変形のみでは説明困難であり,肝壊死を媒介とする連結関係の離断が必要と考えられた.一方,門脈型肝硬変での総p1値は635万と慢性肝炎に近く,慢性肝炎からの像の連続変形すなわち「削り取り」的進展に際しては,この型の肝硬変に向うものと推察された.

著者

Kazuhiro Tada Kenji Ito Aki Hamauchi Koji Takahashi Renya Watanabe Ai Uchida Yasuhiro Abe Tetsuhiko Yasuno Katsuhisa Miyake Yoshie Sasatomi Hitoshi Nakashima

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.8, pp.969-973, 2016 (Released:2016-04-15)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 6

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Clopidogrel was administered to a 67-year-old Japanese man to prevent the recurrence of cerebral infarction. Twelve weeks later, he was admitted to our hospital with acute renal failure, hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia, and was diagnosed with clopidogrel-induced thrombotic microangiopathy. Clopidogrel was immediately discontinued and corticosteroid and plasma exchange therapy were administered simultaneously. Thereafter, the patient's condition gradually improved. The patient had a decreased serum complement C3 level. This suggests that the activated alternative pathway is related to thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). TMA is a critical drug-associated adverse reaction that clinicians should always be vigilant about, because clopidogrel is widely prescribed.

著者

胡(増井) 綾及 岩永 誠

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.3, pp.190-201, 2016-03-10 (Released:2016-03-21)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

2

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不健全完全主義者は目標を達成できないにもかかわらず,学業課題へ高い目標を掲げる傾向がある。彼らの学業への動機づけはなぜ高く維持されるのか。本研究は不健全完全主義者の示す学業への高い動機づけの媒介要因を検討することを目的とした。大学生185名を対象に完全主義,随伴性自己価値,失敗の反すう,日常の学業課題への動機づけとの関連を検討した。その結果,完全主義的努力は達成動機に正の直接効果を示した。活動基盤自己価値は,完全主義的努力と競争的達成動機の間を媒介している傾向が示された。一方完全主義的懸念は,自己充実的達成動機には負の直接効果を,失敗回避動機には正の直接効果を示した。また失敗の反すうは,完全主義的懸念と失敗回避動機の間を媒介していた。以上のことから,不健全完全主義者の学業への高い動機づけは,活動基盤自己価値や失敗の反すうに媒介されて生起していると考えられる。

著者

宮川 康平 中西 一郎 三浦 勝美 田中 聡

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.113-121, 1998-07-03 (Released:2010-03-11)

参考文献数

18

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The Geiyo earthquake occurred on June 2 in 1905 in the western Seto Inland Sea between the Honshu and Shikoku Islands, Japan. The seismograms of the earthquake obtained at the stations of Central Meteorological Observatory were newly found at Earthquake Research Institute of the University of Tokyo. They are recorded by the Omori seismometers and tromometers, which are superior to former seismometers with respect to continuous recording. For the estimation of the magnitude and source mechanism from the seismograms, we digitize 3 records, which are Hongo EW component, Hitotsubashi EW component and Tokyo tromometer. We have to know the response of the Omori seismometer to estimate the ground motion during the earthquake. In order to know the frequency characteristics of the seismometers, we calculate their Fourier amplitude spectra. The spectra of the Hongo EW component and Hitotsubashi EW component show clear peaks which may be considered as the natural periods of the seismometers. The natural periods of Hongo EW component and Hitotsubashi EW component are about 60s and 25s, respectively. The damping constant estimated from the free oscillation record of Omori seismometer at Ishinomaki observatory is less than 0.01, and the friction is 1.7mm.

著者

Yuki Kawamura Hiroyuki Mayama Yoshimune Nonomura

出版者

公益社団法人 日本油化学会

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.9, pp.477-482, 2012 (Released:2012-09-08)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1 6

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Liquid marbles are water droplets covered with solid particles. Here we show a method for the preparation of edible liquid marbles and capsules covered with fatty acid crystals and triacylglycerol crystals. We prepared liquid marbles using a simple method; namely, a water droplet was rolled on lipid crystals in petri dishes. The resulting marbles were converted to capsules covered with a lipid shell by heating. These marbles were stable not only on glass surfaces but also on water surfaces because they had rigid hydrophobic exteriors. The lifetime of the liquid marbles on water depended on the alkyl chain length of the lipid molecules and the pH of the water. These findings are useful for applying liquid marbles to food, cosmetic, and medical products.

著者

古川 享

出版者

公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会

雑誌

計測と制御 (ISSN:04534662)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.8, pp.512-514, 2000-08-10 (Released:2009-11-26)

著者

Seungbum Son Kunho Han Wi-Young So

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.3, pp.718-721, 2016 (Released:2016-03-31)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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[Purpose] Our aim was to evaluate the relationships between waist and mid-thigh circumference, used as proxy measures of trunk and lower limb strengths, respectively, and selected parameters of driver and putting performance in Korean college golfers. [Subjects and Methods] The participants were 103 college golfers (81 male, 20 to 27 years old). Measurements of body composition, waist and mid-thigh circumference, and grip strength, as well as assessment of golf performance, including driver distance, driver swing speed, putting accuracy, and putting consistency, were performed at the golf performance laboratory at Konkuk University in Chungju-si, Republic of Korea. Average round score was obtained from 10 rounds of golf completed during the study period. The relationships between strength measures and golf performance were evaluated by partial correlation analysis, with adjustment for age, golf experience, and body mass index. [Results] Waist circumference did not correlate with any of the performance variables in both males and females. Mid-thigh circumference correlated with putting consistency (r = 0.364) in males and with putting consistency (r = 0.490) and accuracy (r = 0.547) in females. No other significant correlations between waist and mid-thigh circumference and golf performance were identified. [Conclusion] Lower limb strength may be an important component of putting performance. Further studies are needed to fully characterize the contributions of trunk strength to performance.

著者

亀坂 安紀子 田村 輝之

出版者

行動経済学会

雑誌

行動経済学 (ISSN:21853568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.54-56, 2011 (Released:2012-03-29)

参考文献数

8

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東日本大震災発生以前には,景気回復の期待から上昇基調にあった株価は,震災後一旦急落し,その後数日のうちにある程度回復した.近年,日本の株式市場で大きな取引シェアを占めているのは海外の投資家であるが,震災直後も,海外の投資家は市場で活発に取引を行っていた.震災前後に日本の株式をネットで購入していたのは,海外の投資家だけであったが,この間主要な売り手となっていたのは,東証1部では証券会社(証券自己売買)であり,東証2部および東証マザーズでは,個人投資家であった.海外の投資家の内訳をみると,震災が発生した3月には,北米,アジアの投資家がネットの買い手となっていた一方,欧州の投資家はネットの売り手となっていた.震災前後における市場別(3市場1・2部等の合計,東証1部,東証2部,東証マザーズ)のVAR分析においても,3市場1・2部等,東証1部のデータを使用した場合は,証券会社や海外の投資家の売買が市場に相対的に大きな影響を与えており,東証2部,東証マザーズの場合は,個人投資家や海外の投資家の売買が大きな影響を与えていた.

著者

高橋 令二 佐藤 一朗 徳山 龍明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.7, pp.439-446, 2006-07-01 (Released:2009-05-25)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

1

著者

小林 昇

出版者

日本学士院

雑誌

日本學士院紀要 (ISSN:03880036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.3, pp.163-186, 1996 (Released:2007-06-22)

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What I intend to do in this article is critically to examine Adam Smith's idea of‘invisible hand’, following the passages in which the phrase appears.As is known well, the phrase‘an invisible hand’appears three times, that is to say, once each in EPS, TMS and WN. Its appearance in EPS, however, does not imply any particular problem. And in the case of WN, there is also a place where the phrase is only implied, i. e. in its Book III, Chap. V (cf. A. Skinner, Introduction to the Pelican[Penguin]Classicsed. of the WN.).In TMS the phrase‘invisible hand’is made use of surrounded by the ancient Stoic creed on which the philosopher Smith is based. In that sense the phrase is outside the theory of sympathy which constitutes the basis of TMS, and the theory of so-called‘deception’used there in the sense that men's misfortune, mistakes and mere selfish acts contribute to the realization of the harmony of the whole society is not sufficient for the possibility of the formation of modern exchange economy society.In WN the phrase‘an invisible hand’totally implies a force to bring about an eventual harmony and welfare in the modern liberal society, and the function of this force is based on the formation of the theories of natural course (order) of the employment of capital. However, the collapse of the theory as such is evident. Moreover, since J. Viner's treatise pointed out, it is well known that Smith is not exhaustive in the criticism of so-called mercantilism, the work of the‘invisible hand’is confined.In Book III of WN, a transcendental power is talked of to cause a great revolution by its action on unworthy common men, where Smith's historical philosophy is evinced which somehow resembles Hegel's‘List der Vernunft’. But such a work in fact of the‘invisible hand’appears only once, and merely implicitly in WN so that Smith's elucidation here does not have universal validity.Quite naturally, the phrase‘an invisible hand’is a symbolic term which a particular age gave birth to and therefore, so far as it goes it can be the object of academic analysis but not its means.

著者

小沢 真

出版者

一般社団法人 日本数学会

雑誌

数学 (ISSN:0039470X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.4, pp.306-319, 1992-11-16 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

35

著者

Ryuki Tsutsui Kazuaki Shinomiya Toshiaki Sendo Yoshihisa Kitamura Chiaki Kamei

出版者

公益社団法人日本薬学会

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.6, pp.884-888, 2015-06-01 (Released:2015-06-01)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

1 8

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The aim of this study was to compare the effect of the serotonin (5-HT)1A receptor agonist tandospirone versus that of the benzodiazepine hypnotic flunitrazepam in a rat model of long-term adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-induced sleep disturbance. Rats implanted with electrodes for recording electroencephalogram and electromyogram were injected with ACTH once daily at a dose of 100 µg/rat. Administration of ACTH for 10 d caused a significant increase in sleep latency, decrease in non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep time, and increase in wake time. Tandospirone caused a significant decrease in sleep latency and increase in non-REM sleep time in rats treated with ACTH. The effect of tandospirone on sleep patterns was antagonized by the 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635. In contrast, flunitrazepam had no significant effect on sleep parameters in ACTH-treated rats. These results clearly indicate that long-term administration of ACTH causes sleep disturbance, and stimulating the 5-HT1A receptor by tandospirone may be efficacious for improving sleep in cases in which benzodiazepine hypnotics are ineffective.

著者

座間味 義人 小山 敏広 合葉 哲也 天野 学 安藤 哲信 倉田 なおみ 名和 秀起 名倉 弘哲 北村 佳久 千堂 年昭

出版者

日本静脈経腸栄養学会

雑誌

静脈経腸栄養 (ISSN:13444980)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.4, pp.1027-1033, 2014 (Released:2014-08-20)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

1

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【目的】従来の薬剤経管投与法である粉砕法は薬効の減少につながる薬剤量の損失が指摘されている。そこで粉砕法による薬剤量損失に対する簡易懸濁法の有用性について検討した。【方法】頻繁に粉砕指示がなされる5種類の薬剤を用いて粉砕・分包による薬物含量減少、薬剤調製時の懸濁性および実際の経管投与を想定した薬物含量について2つの方法を比較した。【結果】薬剤を粉砕・分包するとそれぞれの薬物含量は減少した。またワーファリン®錠を粉砕して水に溶解すると完全には懸濁せず、小さな塊が生じたが、簡易懸濁法では均一に懸濁した。ワーファリン®錠の経管投与を想定した実験において粉砕法では薬物含量が大幅に減少したが、簡易懸濁法では、ほとんど損失が認められなかった。【結論】簡易懸濁法は粉砕法に比べて薬剤損失の面で有用性が高いことが示唆され、ワーファリン®錠のように安定性が悪い薬剤では特に適正な薬物投与に貢献出来ると考えられる。

著者

中城 積

出版者

社団法人 日本食品科学工学会

雑誌

農産加工技術研究會誌 (ISSN:03695174)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.109-110, 1959-06-15 (Released:2009-04-21)

参考文献数

2

著者

Motohide TAMURA

出版者

日本学士院

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.92, no.2, pp.45-55, 2016-02-10 (Released:2016-02-10)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

3 21

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The first convincing detection of planets orbiting stars other than the Sun, or exoplanets, was made in 1995. In only 20 years, the number of the exoplanets including promising candidates has already accumulated to more than 5000. Most of the exoplanets discovered so far are detected by indirect methods because the direct imaging of exoplanets needs to overcome the extreme contrast between the bright central star and the faint planets. Using the large Subaru 8.2-m Telescope, a new high-contrast imager, HiCIAO, and second-generation adaptive optics (AO188), the most ambitious high-contrast direct imaging survey to date for giant planets and planet-forming disks has been conducted, the SEEDS project. In this review, we describe the aims and results of the SEEDS project for exoplanet/disk science. The completeness and uniformity of this systematic survey mean that the resulting data set will dominate this field of research for many years.

著者

Hiroshi Kobayashi Masaru Yamaoka Makoto Hayashi Bunnai Ogiso

出版者

日本大学歯学部

雑誌

Journal of Oral Science (ISSN:13434934)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.93-99, 2016 (Released:2016-03-26)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1 5

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A non-contact electromagnetic vibration device (NEVD) was previously developed to monitor the condition of periodontal tissues by assessing mechanical parameters. This system requires placement of an accelerometer on the target tooth, to detect vibration. Using experimental tooth models, we evaluated the performance of an NEVD system with a laser displacement sensor (LDS), which does not need an accelerometer. Simulated teeth (polyacetal rods) were submerged at various depths in simulated bone (polyurethane or polyurethane foam) containing simulated periodontal ligament (tissue conditioner). Then, mechanical parameters (resonant frequency, elastic modulus, and viscosity coefficient) were assessed using the NEVD with the following detection methods: Group 1, measurement with an accelerometer; Group 2, measurement with an LDS in the presence of the accelerometer; and Group 3, measurement with an LDS in the absence of the accelerometer. Statistical analyses were performed using nonparametric methods (n = 5) (P < 0.05). The three mechanical parameters significantly increased with increasing depth. In addition, the mechanical parameters significantly differed between the polyurethane and polyurethane foam models. Although Groups 1 and 2 did not significantly differ, most all mechanical parameters in Group 3 were significantly larger and more distinguishable than those in Groups 1 and 2. The LDS was more accurate in measuring mechanical parameters and better able to differentiate periodontal tissue conditions. (J Oral Sci 58, 93-99, 2016)

著者

Kensuke Nishio Keiko Motozawa Daisuke Omagari Takahiro Gojoubori Takayuki Ikeda Masatake Asano Nobuhito Gionhaku

出版者

日本大学歯学部

雑誌

Journal of Oral Science (ISSN:13434934)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.1, pp.59-65, 2016 (Released:2016-03-26)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

25

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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play important roles in tumor growth. The present study investigated the expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9 in relation to the distribution of TAMs in the primary and metastatic regions of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Twenty-nine cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with regional lymph node metastasis were selected from available documents in the archives of the Department of Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry. Four-micrometer-thick sections were prepared from the primary and metastatic regions. Each section was subjected to immunohistochemical staining using anti-MMP2, anti-MMP9, and anti-CD68 antibodies. The distribution and localization of MMPs and TAMs were compared between primary and metastatic regions. The expression levels of both MMPs were higher in the metastatic regions of lingual and gingival cancers. Statistically significant differences were observed in both T1 and T2 cases. In contrast to the higher expression of MMPs in metastatic regions, a higher number of TAMs were distributed in the primary regions. From these results, MMP expression levels and the numbers of TAMs were expected to have an inverse relationship between the primary and metastatic regions of OSCC. (J Oral Sci 58, 59-65, 2016)