3 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1930年10月11日, 1930-10-11

3 0 0 0 OA 官報

著者
大蔵省印刷局 [編]
出版者
日本マイクロ写真
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1927年07月28日, 1927-07-28
著者
横井太郎 著
出版者
市政研究会
巻号頁・発行日
1929
著者
長谷川 一
出版者
日本メディア学会
雑誌
マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, pp.54-78, 2006-01-31 (Released:2017-10-06)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
1

In this paper, I seek to re-examine the significance of the digitalization of "writing". The mediation of "writing" by digital technology has become a normal and ever expanding aspect of contemporary society. My first task is to examine this condition on the meta-level. The specific subject matter of my inquiry is the Nihongo-wapuro (Japanese word-processor) whose history I have attempted to trace here. Written Japanese texts are composed of a heterogeneous mixture of different types of characters, including hiragana, katakana, and kanji. The vast number of characters required in order to produce such texts has rendered the mechanization process far more difficult in Japanese than it has been for European languages that use alphabetic scripts. When computers were introduced into the world of business in the 1970s, newspaper journalists continued to write by hand, despite the appearance of electronic systems for newspaper compilation and editing. The first word-processor for writing Japanese, the Toshiba JW-10, appeared in 1978. It then became possible to produce Japanese texts mechanically with the aid of electronic processing. The adoption of word-processors in Japan has spread rapidly since the mid-1980s. Besides being used in offices, they came to be employed in schools and in the home as well. People with no prior experience of using electronic devices quickly developed a keen interest in the Japanese word-processor. At first, word-processors were viewed primarily as devices for the production of "clean copies" or for printing. However, with time, many books came to be written extolling the Nihongo-wapuro as much more than a mere typewriter for the Japanese language. The Japanese word-processor, it was claimed, had brought about a "great revolution in intellectual production". The bodily action of typing had long been an unrealized dream of those who wrote in Japanese. The Nihongo-wapuro was the means that at long last brought this to reality. Nevertheless, the most widespread everyday use to which word-processors were put was the production of New-Year greeting cards (which according to Japanese custom are sent out in great numbers at the beginning of each year). At the same time, these mechanically produced New-Year cards were criticized as lacking in human feeling. In this paper, I examine the Japanese word-processor from the three perspectives of technology, the body and society. I investigate how the word-processor was able to provide a foundation for the digitalization of "writing" in Japan. In addition, I look at the significance of the Japanese word-processor's function as a machine for the production of "clean copies" and printed texts. This was related to the fact that "writing" always took place in relation to "editing". Thus, the adoption of the word-processor in Japan has brought to light the emerging problematic of "editing".
著者
萩原 史朗 HAGIHARA Shiro
出版者
秋田大学教育文化学部
雑誌
秋田大学教育文化学部研究紀要 人文科学・社会科学 = MEMOIRS OF FACULTY OF EDUCATION AND HUMAN STUDIES AKITA UNIVERSITY HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES (ISSN:24334979)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.74, pp.61-70, 2019-03-01

This paper examines the economic ripple effect and the cost-effectiveness ratio on soccer stadium newly established in Akita, using input-output analysis. First, I estimate the cost-effectiveness ratio when a domed stadium is built for 11 billion yen. I show that it is very low both when the construction costs are financed by only Akita prefecture and when the partial amount of it are granted by the subsidies of the Sports Promotion Lottery toto.Next, I estimate the cost-effectiveness ratio when a non-domed stadium is constructed for 8 billion yen. As a benchmark, I firstly show that it is inadequate to construct a new stadium by only public funds of Akita prefecture, since the cost-effectiveness ratio is very low. I secondly show that the cost-effectiveness ratio measured by the production-induced effect is 0.74 and it measured by the added-value-induced effect is 0.37, when the earmarked grant for the social infrastructures is used. Hence, it is required to raise private funds of 0.75 billion yen for the cost-effectiveness ratio measured by the production-induced effect to be over 1 and to collect it of 2.7 billion yen for the cost-effectiveness ratio measured by the added-value-induced effect to be over 1. I thirdly show that the cost-effectiveness ratio measured by the production-induced effect is 0.58 and it measured by the added-valueinduced effect is 0.29, when the subsidy of the Sports Promotion Lottery toto is utilized. Therefore, it is necessary to raise additional private funds of 1.64 billion yen for the cost-effectiveness ratio measured by the productioninduced effect to be over 1 and to collect it of 3.31 billion yen for the cost-effectiveness ratio measured by the added-value-induced effect to be over 1.
著者
和田 勉
雑誌
情報処理学会論文誌教育とコンピュータ(TCE) (ISSN:21884234)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, no.2, pp.1-9, 2023-06-29

中国(大陸)・韓国・スリランカに関して,情報教育を中心にそれぞれの国・地域での制度・事情を述べ,それと比較した我が国の情報教育の状況を論じる.中国に関してはカリキュラムと,大学入学試験に情報分野が含まれているかについて紹介し,PISAの中国に関するデータについても論じる.韓国については,中学校と高等学校での情報教育の内容,および大学入試での情報分野の扱いについて述べる.スリランカについては,訪問調査した学校と,2023年現在の同国の社会情勢について紹介する.
著者
三宅 和子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本語教育学会
雑誌
日本語教育 (ISSN:03894037)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.150, pp.19-33, 2011 (Released:2017-02-17)
参考文献数
30

メディアは人間の身体感,世界観,コミュニケーションのあり方を変容させる力をもっている。近年の電子メディアの急速な浸透により,日常の様々な局面でメディアの影響が実感され,メディアへの関心や研究の機運が高まっている。日本語教育においても,「メディアの介在」を意識し検証することや,メディアを利用して自己表現や発信力を高めることが求められている。 メディア言語研究は,メディアを分析の枠組みの中に組み入れて研究する。本稿ではまず,メディアとことばが互いに関わってきた歴史から説き起こし,隣接領域のメディア研究を概観する。そして近年のメディア言語研究の流れを追いながら,対象となってきたメディアやトピックの変化を振り返る。その上で,研究の具体例として,放送談話における「はい」の機能を考察した研究と,日韓の漫画の役割語を比較対照した研究を取り上げ,メディア言語研究の意義と日本語教育への応用可能性について考える。
著者
原口 耕一郎
雑誌
人間文化研究 (ISSN:13480308)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, pp.2-18, 2015-03-30

3 0 0 0 OA 日本医籍録

著者
医事時論社 編
出版者
医事時論社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.昭和11年版, 1936
著者
槇尾 榮
出版者
一般社団法人 電気学会
雑誌
電氣學會雜誌 (ISSN:00202878)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.42, no.408, pp.522-548, 1922 (Released:2008-11-20)

潜水艦用蓄電池に就て纒まつた論文はない、それは潜水艦自身が軍事上の機密として多く語られない結果である。著者は伊太利海軍並に佛國海軍から得たるDataと海軍潜艦蓄電池の經驗者との助言によつて著者自身の調査をも合せて本稿を起した。蓄電池の構造、及び特性、潜艦への据置についてこれ等は語うれてゐる。
著者
佐藤 太一 山田 一隆 緒方 俊二 辻 順行 岩本 一亜 佐伯 泰愼 田中 正文 福永 光子 野口 忠昭
出版者
一般社団法人 日本消化器外科学会
雑誌
日本消化器外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:03869768)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.7, pp.579-587, 2016-07-01 (Released:2016-07-23)
参考文献数
35
被引用文献数
1 2

目的:痔瘻癌の臨床病理学的検討を行った.方法:1997年から2014年までに経験した痔瘻癌25例の臨床病理学的特徴と治療成績を検討した.結果:平均年齢は58歳(34~82歳),男性23例,女性2例であった.痔瘻癌の診断までの痔瘻罹病期間は中央値12年(1~50年)で,7例がクローン病合併例であった.確定診断に至った方法は,腰椎麻酔下生検が14例,内視鏡下生検が6例,局麻下生検が3例,細胞診が1例,開腹手術中の迅速組織診が1例であった.確定診断までの検査回数は平均2回(1~4回),診断までに要した検体数は平均7個であった.14例に腹会陰式直腸切断術,10例に骨盤内臓全摘術,1例にハルトマン手術が行われた.組織型は粘液癌が68%,リンパ節転移陽性症例が40%,4例に鼠径リンパ節転移を認めた.全25例における5年生存率は45.8%であった.根治度別にみると,根治度AB症例は根治度C症例と比べて有意に予後良好であった(P<0.0001).クローン病合併の有無で痔瘻癌を2群に分けて臨床病理学的因子を比較したが,クローン病合併例は癌診断年齢が有意に若いこと以外,2群間で有意差を認めなかった.結語:長期の難治性痔瘻症例は臨床症状の変化,悪化に着目し,痔瘻癌が疑われた場合は,積極的に生検組織診断を繰り返し行うことが重要である.切除可能な症例に対しては完全切除を目指した積極的な拡大手術が望まれる.
著者
高橋 力也
出版者
早稲田大学アジア太平洋研究センター
雑誌
アジア太平洋討究 (ISSN:1347149X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.42, pp.193-215, 2021-10-30 (Released:2022-03-08)

This article aims at investigating the significance of the draft provisions on piracy, commonly known as “Matsuda Draft,” submitted by Michikazu Matsuda, a Japanese lawyer-diplomat, to the League of Nations Committee of Experts in 1927, by examining the historic and legal background of the draft and Matsuda’s views on international law.The Committee of Experts was established by the League in 1924 and consisted of international lawyers from various countries to select topics of international law to be codified. Matsuda Draft, together with the so-called Harvard Draft, is widely known among current scholars as an important precedent of the formulation of the concept of piracy in international law. However, it is still unclear how the draft was drawn up and what kind of historical significance it has for the relationship between Japan and international law in the interwar period. This study compares the original text, which was initially submitted by Matsuda to the Committee, with the final draft, and then clarifies the background to the drafting of this document and its historical significance.Matsuda Draft was the first official attempt to formulate a definition of piracy. What is more important from the perspective of the history of Japan’s relationship with international law is that a Japanese international lawyer prepared a report on piracy, consolidated the various opinions expressed on it by the experts in the Committee, and reflected them into a draft treaty. This fact provides a basis to reconsider the conventional view that prewar Japan was reluctant or negative about the development of international law.