著者

Sanae Midorikawa Akira Ohtsuru

出版者

The Japan Endocrine Society

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.12, pp.1253-1255, 2020 (Released:2020-12-28)

参考文献数

15

著者

日高 庸晴 市川 誠一 木原 正博

出版者

The Japanese Society for AIDS Research

雑誌

日本エイズ学会誌 (ISSN:13449478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.3, pp.165-173, 2004-08-20 (Released:2010-07-21)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

2

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目的: ゲイ・バイセクシュアル男性におけるライフイベントの実態, HIV/STD関連一般知識およびHIV感染リスク行動と精神的健康の関連を明らかにすること。対象および方法: 184人のゲイ・バイセクシュアル男性を対象にスノーボールサンプリング法による無記名自記式質問紙調査を実施し, 男性と性交経験のあるゲイ・バイセクシュアル男性149名 (有効回答率81.0%) を分析対象とした。結果: 「男性に性的魅力を感じる」「性的指向などを自覚する」などのゲイ・バイセクシュアル男性特有のライフイベントは中学生ー高校生の間に集中して生じていることが示唆された。また, HIV/STD関連一般知識は比較的浸透していた。コンドーム常用率はオーラルセックスでは0%, アナルインターコース挿入のみ群で34.6%, 被挿入のみ群で33.3%, 両方経験群で17.1%とかなり低率であった。HIV感染リスク行動と心理的要因の関連は, 被挿入のみ群と両方経験群においてコンドーム非常用群は常用群に比べ精神的健康度が低い傾向であった。また, ロジスティック回帰分析ではコンドーム常用と自尊心尺度得点との間に有意な関連が認められた。結論: 本研究の対象集団にはコンドームの使用促進が必要であり, そのためには知識の普及とともに心理的問題をも改善するような予防介入策の実施が求められる。リスク行動関連要因をさらに明らかにするためには, 研究参加者を増やした研究の実施が必要である。

著者

石黒 千晶 夏川 真里奈 岡田 猛

出版者

教育システム情報学会

雑誌

教育システム情報学会誌 (ISSN:13414135)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.3, pp.380-385, 2022-07-01 (Released:2022-07-01)

参考文献数

13

著者

山ノ内 崇志 倉園 知広 黒沢 高秀 加藤 将

出版者

一般社団法人 日本生態学会

雑誌

保全生態学研究 (ISSN:13424327)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1924, (Released:2020-05-15)

参考文献数

53

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2011年 3月に発生した東北地方太平洋沖地震の津波被災地では新たに形成された湿地に希少な湿性植物の出現が見られたが、その後の復旧工事などで消滅した生育地も少なくない。特に多くの沈水植物がみられた宮城県野々島において小規模な湿地の沈水植物相を調査するとともに、地形や津波前後の土地利用を調査した。 2015年 8月には、沈水植物として沈水生維管束植物 4種、車軸藻類 1種を確認した。空中写真、衛星画像および都市計画図の判読から、この湿地は海岸浜堤の後背に位置し、少なくとも 1950年代から津波を受ける 2011年までの間は水田または休耕地であった。この湿地は 2016年までに復旧・復興事業にともなう埋立てにより消失した。災害復旧には迅速性が求められるため、災害後に出現した希少種の保全策を検討する時間を確保することは容易ではない。そのため攪乱後の希少種の出現傾向を予測し、災害に先だって情報提供や注意喚起を行うことが必要である。地形情報や土地履歴などの地理情報を活用した希少種の出現の予測は、災害やその後の復旧・復興事業に先だった情報提供・注意喚起の手段として検討の価値があると考えられる。

著者

秋本 洋平

出版者

一般社団法人 システム制御情報学会

雑誌

システム/制御/情報 (ISSN:09161600)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.7, pp.292-297, 2016-07-15 (Released:2017-03-24)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

2

著者

濱武 通子 青木 梨絵 山﨑 貢 大西 賢治郎 松本 一年

出版者

日本公衆衛生学会

雑誌

日本公衆衛生雑誌 (ISSN:05461766)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.4, pp.182-189, 2015 (Released:2015-06-12)

参考文献数

9

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目的 水道直結式ミスト発生装置(以下,ミスト発生装置)は,夏の暑さ対策として,一般に広く普及し始めている。しかし,その維持管理方法についての指針等はなく,ミストの水質も十分把握されていない。そこで,ミスト発生装置を適切に利用するための維持管理方法を検討した。方法 一宮保健所管内の同一規格のミスト発生装置が設置されている61施設中 5 施設において,ミストの水質検査およびレジオネラ属菌の検査を行った。水質検査において,一般細菌が飲料水の水質基準を超えた施設については,ミスト発生装置のホース等の各連結部において,洗浄と消毒を水道の蛇口からノズルまで順次行い,菌数の変化を調べることにより,細菌汚染の部位を特定した。また,優勢菌の同定を行った。結果 上水使用の調査対象 5 施設中 3 施設のミストは遊離残留塩素濃度が0.1 mg/l 以上存在していたにもかかわらず,一般細菌は飲料水の水質基準を大きく超え,Brevundimonas 属菌が優勢に発育していた。レジオネラ属菌は全施設で陰性であった。汚染部位はミスト発生装置のホースであった。結論 ミスト発生装置は,遊離残留塩素濃度が一定以上あっても細菌に汚染されることがある。ミスト発生装置の維持管理には,適切な洗浄と消毒を行い,使用期間中の持続的放水により水を滞留させないことが有効であることが示唆された。

著者

三輪 宏太郎

出版者

行動経済学会

雑誌

行動経済学 (ISSN:21853568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.7-9, 2022-07-06 (Released:2022-07-02)

著者

Koshiro Kanaoka Yoshitaka Iwanaga Nagaharu Fukuma Michikazu Nakai Yoko Sumita Yuichi Nishioka Katsuki Okada Tatsuya Noda Yasushi Sakata Tomoaki Imamura Yoshihiro Miyamoto

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-22-0095, (Released:2022-05-27)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

11

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Background: Few studies have comprehensively evaluated the trends and factors associated with CR participation across major cardiovascular diseases in Japan.Methods and Results: This study performed a nationwide cross-sectional study using the National Database of Health Insurance Claims and Specific Health Checkups of Japan and the Japanese Registry of All Cardiac and Vascular Diseases and the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. This study described the nationwide trends and evaluated patient- and hospital-level associated factors of CR participation for patients with acute heart failure (AHF), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), acute aortic dissection (AAD), peripheral artery disease (PAD), and after cardiovascular surgery using mixed-effect logistic regression analysis. Although the annual number of patients who underwent CR has increased during the study period, the total number of patients participating in outpatient CR was lower than that of inpatient CR. The outpatient CR participation rate was lower for patients with AHF (3.5%), AAD (3.2%), and PAD (1.7%), compared with ACS (7.9%) and after surgery (9.4%). Age, sex, body mass index, Barthel index, Charlson comorbidity index, and institutional capacity were identified as significant associated factors of CR participation in inpatient and outpatient settings.Conclusions: Participation in outpatient CR was still low, and higher age, multi-comorbidity, and low institutional capacity contributed to the lower outpatient CR participation rate. Identification of the associated factors may help cardiologists to increase CR participation.

著者

Risako HATADA Hidemi ISHIBASHI Yukiko SUWA Yusuke SUZUKI Natsumi HOKANISHI Atsushi YASUDA

出版者

Japan Association of Mineralogical Sciences

雑誌

Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences (ISSN:13456296)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.190724, (Released:2020-06-26)

被引用文献数

1

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We conducted textural and chemical analyses of melt inclusions and their host plagioclase crystals in the scoria of the Izu–Omuroyama monogenetic volcano, erupted at ~ 4 ka in the Higashi–Izu monogenetic volcanic field, Japan. The groundmass melt was andesitic with ~ 59–61 wt% SiO2, and it contained abundant microphenocrysts of olivine and plagioclase. In contrast, ~ 59% of the plagioclase–hosted melt inclusions have rhyolitic compositions with ~ 70–75 wt% SiO2. The host plagioclase phenocrysts have cores with An# of 44.7 ± 4.2 [An# = 100Ca/(Ca + Na) in mol] and rims with An# of 68–78, and the calcic rims have compositions similar to the microphenocrysts. The cores of the host plagioclase phenocrysts have FeO* and K2O contents that are in equilibrium with the rhyolitic melt inclusions. Using the plagioclase–melt geohygrometers and assuming temperatures of 790–850 °C, we estimated the H2O contents of the rhyolitic melt inclusions to be ~ 4.4–10.2 wt%, indicating H2O–saturation depths of >4.5 km. Our results suggest that an inhibited reservoir of plagioclase–bearing rhyolitic melt existed beneath the monogenetic volcano at the time of the scoria eruption, which was ~ 800 years earlier than the first rhyolitic eruption in the volcanic field. Plagioclase content in the silicic reservoir is estimated to be less than 35.8%, suggesting the magma was eruptible. Our results demonstrate the potential usefulness of plagioclase–hosted melt inclusions for indicating the existence of such an inhibited silicic magma.

著者

Shigenao MARUYAMA Takeshi NAGAYAMA Hiroki GONOME Junnosuke OKAJIMA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers and The Heat Transfer Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Thermal Science and Technology (ISSN:18805566)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.2, pp.JTST0022, 2015 (Released:2015-09-02)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

2 2

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Global warming is one of the most serious problems faced by humans. One method to decrease the Earth's temperature is to reduce solar irradiation by dispersing nanoparticles in the atmosphere. Submicron-diameter particles or aerosols scatter solar irradiation, whereas they are transparent to long-wavelength infrared radiation emitted by the Earth. This phenomenon has received attention in the discussions of the nuclear winter, which is an uncontrolled cooling of the global temperature. The objective of the present work is to examine the first-order approximation of the feasibility of controlling the global temperature without reducing the emission of greenhouse gases. We propose the controlled dispersion of nanoparticles into the stratosphere at an altitude of 30 km. A precise analysis of the radiative properties of particles in the solar spectrum and IR regions is conducted, and radiative transfer through the stratosphere-dispersed nanoparticles is approximated using a one-dimensional single-scattering model. Several types of nanoparticles are considered. The optimum size of the nanoparticles determined using the model is 350-450 nm. The dispersion of nanoparticles with a total mass of 3×107 tons into the stratosphere will reduce 3% of the solar irradiation. The blockage can be maintained by launching 10-ton projectiles 19 times per day from 100 launch sites.

著者

Masaya Iwamuro Takehiro Tanaka Sakiko Kuraoka Kenta Hamada Makoto Abe Yoshiyasu Kono Hiromitsu Kanzaki Seiji Kawano Yoshiro Kawahara Hiroyuki Okada

出版者

The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.13, pp.1931-1938, 2022-07-01 (Released:2022-07-01)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

4

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Objective This study aimed to determine the prevalence and endoscopic features of zinc acetate dihydrate tablet-associated gastric lesions. Methods We retrospectively examined the endoscopic features of 47 patients taking zinc acetate dihydrate tablets who underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Results Gastric mucosal alterations, including redness, erosions, ulcers, and adhesion of the white coat, were observed in 29 of 47 patients (61.7%). Among patients with gastric lesions (group A), there was a significantly higher percentage of symptomatic patients in comparison to patients without lesions (group B) (65.5% vs. 22.2%; p<0.01). The background characteristics of the two groups did not differ to a statistically significant extent. On esophagogastroduodenoscopy, mucosal redness (n=27, 93.1%), erosions (n=26, 90.0%), adhesion of the white coat (n=25, 86.2%), and ulcers (n=9, 31.0%) were observed. None of the 19 patients who previously underwent esophagogastroduodenoscopy had gastric lesions before starting zinc acetate dihydrate. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed after the cessation of zinc acetate dihydrate intake in six patients, and revealed the resolution of gastric lesions. Conclusion Gastric lesions were observed in 29 of 47 patients who were taking zinc acetate dihydrate tablets. The most common endoscopic findings were mucosal redness (93.1%), erosions (90.0%), adhesion of the white coat (86.2%), and ulcers (31.0%). Although the exact pathogenesis is uncertain, we believe that understanding the unique manifestations of this gastric lesion will help physicians manage adverse events in patients taking zinc acetate dihydrate tablets.

著者

Ryo Nakabayashi Noriko Takeda-Kamiya Yutaka Yamada Tetsuya Mori Mai Uzaki Takashi Nirasawa Kiminori Toyooka Kazuki Saito

出版者

Japanese Society for Plant Biotechnology

雑誌

Plant Biotechnology (ISSN:13424580)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.3, pp.305-310, 2021-09-25 (Released:2021-09-25)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

7

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Plants release specialized (secondary) metabolites from their roots to communicate with other organisms, including soil microorganisms. The spatial behavior of such metabolites around these roots can help us understand roles for the communication; however, currently, they are unclear because soil-based studies are complex. Here, we established a multimodal metabolomics approach using imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to spatially assign metabolites under laboratory conditions using agar. In a case study using Catharanthus roseus, we showed that 58 nitrogen (N)-containing metabolites are released from the roots into the agar. For the metabolite assignment, we used 15N-labeled and non-labeled LC-MS/MS data, previously reported. Four metabolite ions were identified using authentic standard compounds as derived from monoterpene indole alkaloids (MIAs) such as ajmalicine, catharanthine, serpentine, and yohimbine. An alkaloid network analysis using dot products and spinglass methods characterized five clusters to which the 58 ions belong. The analysis clustered ions from the indolic skeleton-type MIAs to a cluster, suggesting that other communities may represent distinct metabolite groups. For future chemical assignments of the serpentine community, key fragmentation patterns were characterized using the 15N-labeled and non-labeled MS/MS spectra.

著者

Michio Matsuhashi Alla N. Pankrushina Satoshi Takeuchi Hideyuki Ohshima Housaku Miyoi Katsura Endoh Ken Murayama Hiroshi Watanabe Shigeo Endo Mikio Tobi Yoshihiro Mano Masao Hyodo Torakichi Kobayashi Tomohiko Kaneko Sugio Otani Susumu Yoshimura Akira Harata Tsuguo Sawada

出版者

公益財団法人 応用微生物学・分子細胞生物学研究奨励会

雑誌

The Journal of General and Applied Microbiology (ISSN:00221260)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.44, no.1, pp.49-55, 1998 (Released:2005-08-24)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

9 56

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Bacterial cells enhance the proliferation of neighboring cells under stress conditions by emitting a physical signal. Continuous single sine sound waves produced by a speaker at frequencies of 6–10, 18–22, and 28–38 kHz promoted colony formation by Bacillus carboniphilus under non-permissive stress conditions of high KCl concentration and high temperature. Furthermore, sound waves emitted from cells of Bacillus subtilis at frequencies between 8 and 43 kHz with broad peaks at approximately 8.5, 19, 29, and 37 kHz were detected using a sensitive microphone system. The similarity between the frequency of the sound produced by B. subtilis and the frequencies that induced a response in B. carboniphilus and the previously observed growth-promoting effect of B. subtilis cells upon B. carboniphilus through iron barriers, suggest that the detected sound waves function as a growth-regulatory signal between cells.

著者

原田 陽子

出版者

独立行政法人 日本貿易振興機構アジア経済研究所

雑誌

アフリカレポート (ISSN:09115552)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, pp.1-6, 2022-01-15 (Released:2022-01-15)

参考文献数

30

著者

Fumiaki Fujibe Jun Matsumoto

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.220-223, 2021 (Released:2021-12-14)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

4

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Using vital statistics data from 1995 to 2019, the relationships among interannual variations of total mortality, heat-stroke mortality, and temperature in summer were assessed in an attempt to estimate excess deaths in hot summer years in Japan. The number of deaths in July and August increased by 1.1% for each 1°C increment of summer mean temperature over Japan, with an eight-fold larger range of interannual variation than the more narrowly defined heat-stroke deaths. This fact implies that excess deaths due to heat are about eight times more prevalent than heat-stroke deaths and can be on the order of 10,000 in a hot summer year. Analyses by age group and cause of death indicated that excess deaths are largely associated with cardiovascular and respiratory diseases among elderly people.

著者

江川 正尚

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌B(電力・エネルギー部門誌) (ISSN:03854213)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.2, pp.253-256, 2009-02-01 (Released:2009-02-01)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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On July 23, 1987, a very hot day, the largest wide-area power outage occurred in Kanto-Area, Japan. The cause was a voltage collapse on the bulk power network of Tokyo Electric Power Company, due to the abnormal rate of demand rising following resume after lunch break. Aggressive studies on voltage collapse throughout industry and university have led to great advances in power system stability. This essay describes the detail record of the outage, the applied countermeasures, and the inside story when the multiple voltage solutions of power flow on actual power system were found out for the first time.

著者

中島 美樹 松下 浩子 平光 正典 坂井田 和裕 江上 いすず

出版者

日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会大会研究発表要旨集 創立40周年日本調理科学会平成19年度大会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.172, 2007 (Released:2007-08-30)

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【目的】 唐揚げにレモンを用いることで、さっぱり感が増すことと肉が柔らかくなることが一般的に知られている。そこで、(1)レモンの構成成分がさっぱり感にどのように影響を及ぼしているのか、また、(2)柔らかさを感じる最適な調理条件について検討した。 【方法】 (1)レモン果汁、レモン果汁と同酸度のクエン酸溶液、何もかけない市販惣菜唐揚げを用い、食べた時のさっぱり感について官能検査を実施し、まずは酸味の影響を確認。続いて、レモン果汁の主要構成成分である、酸味、香り、果汁感(コク)の存在がそれぞれさっぱり感にどのように影響しているのか官能検査にて検証。 (2) pHの異なるレモン果汁(pH2.5、3.0、3.5)に浸け込んだ鶏モモ肉を唐揚げにし、柔らかさおよび美味しさについて官能検査を実施。また、レモン果汁に浸け込んだ際の鶏モモ肉の保水量を確認。 【結果】 (1)レモン果汁、クエン酸溶液共にさっぱり感が増したが、レモン果汁の方がクエン酸溶液よりも有意に高く(P<0.05)、酸味以外の成分もさっぱり感に影響を及ぼしていることが示唆された。次に、レモン構成成分のさっぱり感についての役割を調べた結果、酸味、香り、コク共にさっぱり感が増し、中でも、香り、コクよりも酸味の影響が強かった(P<0.05)。 (2)pH2.5、3.0、3.5共に保水量が増加、事前にレモンに浸け込むことで柔らかい唐揚げに仕上がることが確認された。

著者

田中館 秀三

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第1輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.12, pp.529-542, 1938-12-25 (Released:2010-03-09)

被引用文献数

1

著者

江村 篤裕

出版者

日本学術会議 「機械工学委員会・土木工学・建築学委員会合同IUTAM分科会」

雑誌

理論応用力学講演会 講演論文集 第52回理論応用力学講演会 講演論文集

巻号頁・発行日

pp.314, 2003 (Released:2003-03-25)

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マウンテンバイクに使用されるディスクブレーキには1kHzの鳴きと,500Hzのビビリが発生する.この発生メカニズムを実験的に解明した結果,鳴きはロータ面内方向の負の勾配による摩擦自励振動であること,ビビリは鳴き現象にロータ面外方向の振動がロータの温度上昇に伴って重なり合った現象であることが明らかになった.

著者

溝端 佐登史

出版者

経済理論学会

雑誌

季刊経済理論 (ISSN:18825184)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2, pp.16-30, 2015-07-20 (Released:2017-07-03)

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This paper analyses state capitalism in Russia from the viewpoint of state capital and state functions. As far as the Russia's government size (number of public servants and financial expenditures of the public sector) equals to those in developed countries, it cannot be applied as a precise indicator to characterize state capitalism. On the other side, both the state capital as a market player and the state functions can be regarded as qualitative characteristics of the Russian capitalism. As for the state capital, both privatization and state intervention have coexisted, and have simultaneously functioned for "controlling the highlands (the mainstay of state)". Moreover, the 2008 global economic crisis authorized state intervention. In order to maintain global competitiveness, the government has established strategic enterprises and has implemented preferential measures. Even though the state sector in the economy has decreased, it has enhanced its intervention into the private sector of the economy. The state has a strong influence on the economy via holding shares and regulations. Particularly, state-owned enterprises have changed their enterprise type from state corporations and unitary enterprises to joint-stock companies. In addition, "the exchange system of interests (state capture and business capture)" has been established and the state capital has openly showed its new "internationalization" behavior. The state capital has close ties with the global financial flows and it has stipulated the emergence of Russia's multinationals that are deeply connected with tax havens. Despite the offshore problem, the state sector is deeply linked with the global network and, therefore, state capitalism cannot exist without linkages with the global market. With regards to authoritarian political regime, concentration of powers, and existence of oil and gas rents, Russia is none other than state capitalism. However, functions and quality (good governance) of the state capitalism are far behind other developed countries. The Russian state is inferior in terms of state functions and state quality; the state as a coordinator of interests by grabbing hands may not be regarded as a strong one. Thus, Russia (Putin's regime) cannot be referred as "a normal middle income democratic country". Finally, low quality and authoritarian regime are mutually complementary in Russia, and the legacy inherited from the past also aff ected institutionalization of low quality state and institutional complementarities. State capitalism has also balanced interests among players. Why has state capitalism spread into the emerging and transition economies? The state sector has become a tool to correct the distorted markets. The basis of the Russian state capitalism is its global linkages with global markets (WTO accession), low-quality state coordination of oligarchs' behavior, and premature financial markets. This state intervention is old style, but it is a new phenomenon from the viewpoint of global adaptation. Global trends are common among other transition economies. However, the Russian case is based on its own historical and social thought. Thus, being both "old" and "new," Russian state capitalism seems resilient.