2 0 0 0 OA コーヒー摂取による生活習慣病予防効果の分子基盤の解明
習慣的なコーヒー摂取が、肥満や炎症に関連して生じる生活習慣病の発症リスクを低下させる可能性が報告されている。我々は、前駆脂肪細胞3T3-L1を用いて、コーヒー豆焙煎成分がインスリンシグナル経路のアダプター分子IRS1の分解を促進することにより、肥満の要因である脂肪細胞の分化を抑制することを見出した。また、コーヒーの抗炎症効果に関して、コーヒー豆焙煎成分がLPS誘発マウスマクロファージ細胞の炎症反応を抑制することを見出し、その効果は、Keap1の不活性化による転写因子Nrf2の活性化によることを見出した。以上の結果は、コーヒーの喫飲による生活習慣病予防効果の分子論的解明につながる。
2 0 0 0 OA 肺勞ニ於ケル「クレオソート」及ヒ沃度加里母ノ効用
- 出版者
- 順天堂医学会
- 雑誌
- 順天堂医学 (ISSN:00226769)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.M22, no.55, pp.330-332, 1889-04-15 (Released:2015-06-18)
2 0 0 0 OA A Cryogen-Free Automated Measurement System of Stable Carbon Isotope Ratio of Atmospheric Methane
- 著者
- UMEZAWA Taku ANDREWS Stephen J. SAITO Takuya
- 出版者
- Meteorological Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- 気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.2020-007, (Released:2019-11-10)
- 被引用文献数
- 1
Although methane plays an important role in climate change and atmospheric chemistry, its global budget remains quantitatively uncertain due mainly to a wide variety of source types. The stable carbon isotope ratio of atmospheric methane (δ13C-CH4) is useful for separating contributions of different source categories, but due to the complex and laborious analysis, limited measurement data exists. We present a new system for δ13C-CH4 measurement, optimized for the automated analysis of air samples. Although the system is designed in principle similarly to those in previous studies, we successfully set up the system with no use of cryogens (e.g. liquid nitrogen) and attained reproducibility sufficient to analyze atmospheric variations (∼ 0.1 ‰). We performed automated continuous measurements of ambient air outside our laboratory at about hourly intervals for 2 months, which characterized imprint of local methane sources well. Future measurement operation for flask air samples from existing atmospheric monitoring programs will provide a large number of atmospheric δ13C-CH4 data.
- 著者
- HA Kyung-Ja YEO Ji-Hye SEO Ye-Won CHUNG Eui-Seok MOON Ja-Yeon FENG Xuelei LEE Yang-Won HO Chang-Hoi
- 出版者
- Meteorological Society of Japan
- 雑誌
- 気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.2020-009, (Released:2019-11-16)
- 被引用文献数
- 16
In 2018, heatwaves (HWs), which are defined as period of abnormally hot weather with the daily maximum temperature (T_Max) exceeding its 95th percentile threshold for at least three consecutive days, were prevalent during June to August, and temperature records were broken in many countries over East Asia (EA) including China (CH), Japan (JP), and the Korean Peninsula (KP). In particular, extreme HWs through July to August lasted for the longest duration with 21.3 days with T_Max reaching 36.9°C. The highest T_Max, recorded since 1907, exceeded to 41°C in Hongcheon, located east of Seoul in the KP. Here, we examine the factors that influenced the 2018 HW, and how these relate to the 1994 HW, which was second longest HW recorded in the KP. The results show that abnormally strong and northwestward extended anticyclone features observed in July 2018 lasted as a persistent North Pacific anticyclone anomaly until August 2018 centered at the northern KP. These anticyclone features subsequently formed as a modon-like blocking with a cyclonic anomaly in the East China Sea. Meanwhile, in August 1994, the North Pacific High (NPH) extended to eastern EA, which broked the meridional dipole structure and HWs do not persist. The NPH, which persisted till August 2018, was accompanied by a sinking motion, suppression of precipitation, anomalous maximum temperature, weakening of the westerly jet stream, and increased insolation due to clear sky. We find that the prolonged and northwestward-shifted NPH including the KP drove the extraordinarily hot 2018 summer in Korea. In addition, low precipitation and massive evapotranspiration with the persistent insolation in July 2018 influenced the dry condition at the surface. We suggest that the predictions for the location and duration of the NPH associated with the HWs are required to reduce heat-related mortality and the impact on agriculture due to excessive evapotranspiration.
- 著者
- Sachiko Ono Yosuke Ono Daisuke Koide Hideo Yasunaga
- 出版者
- Japan Epidemiological Association
- 雑誌
- Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.30, no.3, pp.116-120, 2020-03-05 (Released:2020-03-05)
- 参考文献数
- 19
Background: Guidelines recommend against all codeine use in children for its common indications of analgesia and cough suppression because of uncertain benefits and potential risk of death. However, because of its rarity, the occurrence of severe respiratory depression associated with codeine-containing antitussives has been poorly investigated. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between codeine-containing antitussives and severe respiratory depression in children.Methods: We retrospectively identified Japanese children who were prescribed antitussives for respiratory diseases from a large Japanese administrative claims database (JMDC, Tokyo, Japan). We collected data on baseline characteristics including age, sex, and comorbidity. Each case was matched with four controls with the same sex and age in the same year from the same type of medical institution. We then examined the association between codeine-containing antitussives and subsequent severe respiratory depression using multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis.Results: Of 164,047 children, 18,210 (11.1%) were prescribed codeine-containing antitussives. Of the children who took codeine-containing drugs, seven experienced severe respiratory depression. After adjusting for confounding factors, there was no significant difference in the proportion of severe respiratory depression between children with and without codeine-containing antitussives (odds ratio 1.15; 95% confidence interval, 0.48–2.78).Conclusion: Occurrence of respiratory depression was very rare, and the association of codeine with respiratory depression was insignificant, even in a large sample of children in Japan.
2 0 0 0 脱税でまもなく告発 K-1石井館長は創価学会の広告塔
2 0 0 0 OA 文科大学史誌叢書
- 著者
- 坪井九馬三, 日下寛 校訂
- 出版者
- 吉川半七等
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.大舘常興日記 一名公儀日記 五, 1913
2 0 0 0 IR 李雲翔の南京秦淮における交友と編著活動 (竹村則行教授 退職記念号)
- 著者
- 岩崎 華奈子
- 出版者
- 九州大学中国文学会
- 雑誌
- 中国文学論集 (ISSN:02863715)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- no.43, pp.165-174, 2014
2 0 0 0 OA 花火製造方
- 著者
- 新津 健一郎
- 出版者
- 史学会 ; 1889-
- 雑誌
- 史学雑誌 (ISSN:00182478)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.128, no.12, pp.1759-1790, 2019-12
2 0 0 0 OA 伊藤和夫の「受験英語」教育における「教養主義」:「構文主義」との関係から
- 著者
- 藤村 達也
- 出版者
- 日本英語教育史学会
- 雑誌
- 日本英語教育史研究 (ISSN:0916006X)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.34, pp.131-148, 2019-05
This study attempts to identify the nature of Kyoyo-shugi (self-cultivationism) m the English teaching for university entrance examinations by Kazuo Ito, an English teacher at Sundai Preparatory School. This paper fi江 stdescribes his methodology for reading English, so-called Kobun-shugi. It emphasized the distinction between reading English and translating it into Japanese. Then, the characteristics of his Kyoyo-shugi are discussed in relation to Kobun-shugi. He attached great importance to Kyoyo-shugi, but didn't express it in teaching English for entrance examinations. This paper concludes that Ito utilized Kobun-shugi to enable students to read English so as to pass university entrance examinations, and that at the same time he aimed to embody cultural values of Kyoyo-shugz through Kobun-shugi. Thus, his Kyoyo-shugi was based on Kobun-shugi.
- 著者
- Hiromi Shinano Sakiko Miyazaki Kayo Miura Hiroshi Ohtsu Naohiro Yonemoto Kiyoshi Matsuoka Hakuou Konishi Hiroyuki Daida Mitsue Saito Kazuhiro Sase
- 出版者
- The Japanese Circulation Society
- 雑誌
- Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- pp.CR-19-0119, (Released:2020-03-24)
- 参考文献数
- 48
- 被引用文献数
- 2
Background:The prognosis of cancer survivors has dramatically improved, but effective strategies for cancer treatment-related cardiovascular disorders (CTRCD) remain to be elucidated in the emerging field of cardio-oncology. In this study, we investigated risk factors for CTRCD in breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab.Methods and Results:We performed a retrospective analysis of 141 consecutive women who received adjuvant trastuzumab, and underwent baseline (BL) and follow-up (FU) echocardiography at Juntendo University between April 2010 and December 2016. The major concomitant treatment was anthracyclines in 94% and radiotherapy in 53%. During the median treatment period of 11 months, there were 22 (15.6%) cardiology consultations, 3 (2.1%) treatment interruptions with irreversible CTRCD, and no deaths. Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was decreased from a median 67.5% (BL) to 63.4% (FU; P<0.0001), with reduced LVEF noted in 26.2% at FU<90%BL, in 13.5% at FU<BL–10%, and in 5.7% at LVEFFU<53%. A significantly greater percentage of patients with CTRCD (FU<BL–10% and LVEFFU<53%) had cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF; 42.9% vs. 8.2%, P=0.02). On multivariable analysis, CVRF were also significantly associated with CTRCD (OR, 11.96; 95% CI: 1.30–110.34).Conclusions:Adjuvant trastuzumab for early-stage breast cancer was associated with reduced LVEF; and CVRF were an independent predictor for CTRCD. The concomitant effect of anthracyclines should not be underestimated, even at lower doses.
2 0 0 0 サルコペニアに伴う骨格筋の質的変化:メカニズムと有効な対策
2 0 0 0 音読と黙読 : 歴史上どこまで確認できるか
- 著者
- 柳沼 重剛
- 出版者
- 大妻女子大学
- 雑誌
- 大妻女子大学紀要. 社会情報系, 社会情報学研究 (ISSN:13417843)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.1, pp.1-16, 1993
2 0 0 0 OA 米軍撮影空中写真のカラー化とその評価
- 著者
- 長谷川 裕之 小白井 亮一 佐藤 浩 飯泉 章子
- 出版者
- Japan Society of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing
- 雑誌
- 写真測量とリモートセンシング (ISSN:02855844)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.44, no.3, pp.23-36, 2005-07-01 (Released:2010-03-19)
- 参考文献数
- 9
- 被引用文献数
- 2 1
This paper introduces a method for colourizing the black and white (B/W) air photos by transferring colour information from another colour air photos that capture the same vegetations at the same season. Air photos taken by U.S. Air Force just after WWII were the first ones that cover whole Japan. As they are available only in B/W, the imagery has not been fully utilized.In our method, land cover was roughly categorized on a B/W image, whereas colour information for each category was taken from colour source images. Then colour information and original intensity information of the B/W image were combined in the HSI colour space.A questionnaire on photo interpretation experts revealed that the proposed method worked well for the photos. Additionally, rough categorization was enough for the method and the colourized photos might improve interpretation efficiency. The colourized images should be used for various purposes such as 3D landscape visualisation.
2 0 0 0 OA ふたりの為時 : 得宗専制の陰翳
- 著者
- 熊谷 隆之
- 出版者
- 日本史研究会
- 雑誌
- 日本史研究 (ISSN:03868850)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.611, pp.1-17, 2013-07
得宗専制という、鎌倉期政治史の重要問題を論じるにさきだち、ひとりの、著名とはいえぬ人物を取りあげたい。北条経時・時頼の同母弟たる、北条(阿蘇)時定。のちに「為時」と改名する。北条経時・時頼の同母弟たる時定は、文永の役のころ、なぜ鎮西にいると、都人に認識されていたのか。あるいは、本当に、鎮西にいたのか。本稿は、阿蘇時定あらため「為時」と、のちほど登場する北条(苅田)時継こと、もうひとりの「為時」について検討し、そこから浮上する新事実をもとに、得宗専制に関するいくつかの論点の提示を試みるものである。