著者
Kanami TSUNO Norito KAWAKAMI
出版者
独立行政法人 労働安全衛生総合研究所
雑誌
Industrial Health (ISSN:00198366)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2014-0152, (Released:2014-11-08)
被引用文献数
1 21

This study investigated the prospective association between supervisor leadership styles and workplace bullying. Altogether 404 civil servants from a local government in Japan completed baseline and follow-up surveys. The leadership variables and exposure to bullying were measured by Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire and Negative Acts Questionnaire-Revised, respectively. The prevalence of workplace bullying was 14.8% at baseline and 15.1% at follow-up. Among respondents who did not experience bullying at baseline (n=216), those who worked under the supervisors as higher in passive laissez-faire leadership had a 4.3 times higher risk of new exposure to bullying. On the other hand, Respondents whose supervisors with highly considerate of the individual had a 70% lower risk of new exposure to bullying. In the entire sample (n=317), passive laissez-faire leadership was significantly and positively associated, while charisma/inspiration, individual consideration, and contingent reward were negatively associated both after adjusting for demographic and occupational characteristics at baseline, life events during follow-up, and exposure to workplace bullying at baseline. Results indicated that passive laissez-faire and low individual consideration leadership style at baseline were strong predictors of new exposure to bullying and high individual consideration leadership of supervisors/managers could be a preventive factor against bullying.
著者
松本 秀明
出版者
The Association of Japanese Geographers
雑誌
地理学評論 (ISSN:00167444)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.2, pp.72-85, 1981-02-01 (Released:2008-12-24)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
9 18

仙台平野における沖積層の堆積構造を明らかにするため,野外調査・ボーリング資料解析および14C年代測定を行なった.これをもとに約1万年前以降の海岸線変化を復元し,後氷期の海水準変化との関係から仙台平野の地形発達を考察した. 仙台平野の沖積層は堆積環境の違いをもとに8層に細分される.とくに海成層の堆積状態に注目し,海域変化を復元した結果,後氷期の急速な海水準上昇による海域の最拡大期は,阿武隈川の埋積谷においては海水準が-10mに達する7,900年前,名取川・七北田川の埋積谷においてはそれぞれ海水準が-7m, -5mに達する7,500年前, 7,200年前にあり,その後は陸側からの土砂による海底埋積速度が海水準上昇速度を相対的に上まわることにより,海水準は上昇しながらも陸域の拡大によって海域は後退し,現在に到るものと考える.
著者
菊池 誠 長坂 一郎
出版者
公益社団法人 精密工学会
雑誌
精密工学会誌論文集 (ISSN:13488724)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, no.3, pp.354-358, 2004-03-05 (Released:2011-12-28)
参考文献数
37

Entity concepts and related definitions and axioms in General Design Theory are analyzed, and the paradoxical phenomena about General Design Theory is explained. Then, by investigating entity concepts in Abstract Design Theory, a mathematical theory of design based on the philosophy of General Design Theory and a mathematical theory of information flow, it is shown that entity concepts in these design theories correspond to noun phrases in Montague Semantics, a formal semantics of natural language. This is an application of linguistics to design theory, and a new phase of correlation of design theory and theoretical computer science through Montague Semantics can be expected from these investigations.
著者
菊池 誠 長坂 一郎
出版者
公益社団法人 精密工学会
雑誌
精密工学会誌論文集 (ISSN:13488724)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, no.1, pp.142-146, 2006-01-05 (Released:2012-01-13)
参考文献数
24

The aim of design theory is to investigate the domain-independent natures of artifacts and design activities. The notion of function is important in design theory since design specifications are described in terms of functions, but it is not easy to define functions because the notion is closely related to our subjective intentions. In this report, we shall analyze the paradox of General Design Theory in in order to show the importance of the concept of function in a design theory, and we show that the concept has a correspondence with the notion of meanings of natural language expressions. Then, we give a formulation of the notion of function by using Situation Semantics which corresponds to Simion's definition of an artifact as an interface between its inner and outer environments. These arguments show the relationships between design theory and natural language semantics.
著者
佐々木 真吾 仲 真紀子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本心理学会
雑誌
心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, no.6, pp.585-595, 2014-02-25 (Released:2014-04-15)
参考文献数
42

This study examined the development of skills to report with different levels of exactness. A total of 62 first-grade children and 58 fourth-grade children were asked about numbers and lengths (numeral tasks) and colors and positions of objects (nominal tasks) with instructions suggesting different levels of exactness, “roughly” or “exactly”. In Study 1, the instructions were given as a between-subjects factor. The results showed that when the “roughly” instruction was given, participants gave approximate answers more frequently than when the “exactly” instruction was given especially in the numeral tasks, and older children did so more frequently than younger children. In Study 2, the instructions were given as a within-subjects factor: a half of participants were given “roughly” and then “exactly” instructions, and the others were given the instructions in the opposite order. The results showed that younger children could change the levels of answers depending on instruction in the numeral tasks but not in the nominal tasks, whereas older children could do so in both tasks. The results suggest that the skills for reporting with different levels of exactness are related not only to cognitive development, but also to the linguistic context, such as the tasks and instructions.

1 0 0 0 OA 書評

出版者
一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会
雑誌
生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.2, pp.124-124, 2014 (Released:2014-03-28)
著者
西脇 雅人 木内 敦詞 中村 友浩
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.63, no.5, pp.445-453, 2014-10-01 (Released:2014-10-02)
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
1 4

The present study aimed to examine the effects of Internet addiction on daily steps. A cross-sectional study was performed at the Osaka Institute of Technology. A total of 334 male college freshmen were analyzed. The participants were assigned to five groups according to Internet addiction levels. Internet addiction levels were assessed by Diagnostic Questionnaire, which has been reported by Young (1998), and we measured daily steps of the participants using a pedometer during usual 1 week. There were no significant trends or differences among five groups in physical characteristics of the participants, sleep duration, frequency of eating breakfast, and walking during commute time. However, with the level of Internet addiction increasing, daily steps showed a statistically significant decreasing trend. Therefore, Internet addiction levels might be related to reductions in steps in a dose-response manner. To clarify this point, further investigations will be required after considering confounding factors.
著者
Takuma AOKI Hiroshi SUNAHARA Keisuke SUGIMOTO Tetsuro ITO Eiichi KANAI Yoko FUJII
出版者
公益社団法人 日本獣医学会
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.14-0384, (Released:2014-11-12)
被引用文献数
4

Infective endocarditis (IE) in dogs with cardiac shunts has not been reported previously. However, we encountered a dog with concurrent patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and IE. The dog was a 1-year-old, 13.9-kg female Border collie and presented with anorexia, weight loss, pyrexia (40.4°C) and lameness. A continuous murmur with maximal intensity over the left heart base (Levine 5/6) was detected on auscultation. Echocardiography revealed a PDA and severe aortic stenosis (AS) caused by aortic-valve vegetative lesions. Corynebacterium spp. and Bacillus subtilis were isolated from blood cultures. The dog responded to aggressive antibiotic therapy, and the PDA was subsequently surgically corrected. After a series of treatments, the dog showed long-term improvement in clinical status.
著者
千田 昇
出版者
日本活断層学会
雑誌
活断層研究 (ISSN:09181024)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2000, no.19, pp.87-90, 2000-03-31 (Released:2012-11-13)
参考文献数
7

The Hitoyoshi Basin is located at the southern part of Kumamoto Prefecture, southwest Japan. The basin has been considered to be a fault angle depression bounded by fault at the southern margin of the basin, named here the southern marginal fault of the Hitoyoshi Basin. This fault extends NE-SW direction for about 22 km, and has a sense of right lateral strike-slip with a northwest downthrown vertical component of displacement.
著者
山本 晃輔 野村 幸正
出版者
日本認知心理学会
雑誌
認知心理学研究 (ISSN:13487264)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.2, pp.127-135, 2010-02-28 (Released:2010-11-25)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
3 1

本研究の目的は,におい手がかりの命名,感情喚起度,および快-不快度が自伝的記憶の想起にどのように影響を及ぼすのかを検証することであった.実験では,118名の参加者に30種類のにおい刺激について,熟知度,感情喚起度,快-不快度の評定と命名を求め,さらに,それらを手がかりとして自伝的記憶の想起が可能であるかどうかを報告させた.記憶が想起された場合には,それについて鮮明度,感情喚起度,快-不快度を評定させた.実験の結果,正しく命名されたにおいは,そうではないにおいよりも熟知度が高く,かつ情動的であった.加えて,感情一致効果がみられた.また,正しく命名されたにおい手がかりによって想起された自伝的記憶は,命名されなかったにおい手がかりによって想起されたそれよりも鮮明でありかつ情動的であった.これらの結果はにおい手がかりによる自伝的記憶の想起において,命名と感情が重要な役割を果たしていることを示唆している.
著者
岩崎 博
出版者
日本結晶学会
雑誌
日本結晶学会誌 (ISSN:03694585)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.3, pp.183-186, 1969-10-30 (Released:2010-09-30)
参考文献数
17
著者
中島 豊
出版者
公益財団法人 日本心臓財団
雑誌
心臓 (ISSN:05864488)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.41, no.5, pp.492-495, 2009 (Released:2013-05-27)
参考文献数
9
被引用文献数
1
著者
山本 英子 梅村 恭司
出版者
一般社団法人 言語処理学会
雑誌
自然言語処理 (ISSN:13407619)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.9, no.2, pp.45-75, 2002-04-10 (Released:2011-03-01)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
2 6

本論文では, コーパスから事象間の一対多関係を推定する問題を考える. これまでにコーパスから事象間の関係を推定することが多く研究されている. 一般に, この問題に対する解決法の多くは, コーパスを構成する文書における事象の共起に基づき, 暗黙的に事象間の関係は一対一関係であることを想定している. しかし, 実際には, 事象間の関係は一対多関係である場合があり, この特徴のためにいくつかの工夫が必要である. 本論文では, コーパス中の一対多関係を推定するために補完類似度を利用することを提案する. この尺度は本来文字認識システムのために開発され, テンプレートの文字のパターンにオーバーラップしたパターンがある条件で有効であることが知られているが, これまでテキスト処理に利用されたことはなかった. この補完類似度の一対多関係を推定する能力を評価するために, 地名 (都道府県市郡名) を対象事象とした実験において, 平均相互情報量, 自己相互情報量, 非対称平均相互情報量, ∅相関係数, コサイン関数ダイス相関係数, 信頼度との性能比較を行う. 実験では, 三種類のコーパスを用いる. 一つ目は実際に地名問にある一対多関係から合成する人工的なデータ集合である. 二つ目も実際の関係から合成するが, 誤った関係を導く少量の要素も含むデータ集合である. 三つ目は現実の新聞記事コーパスから得られるデータ集合である. これらの評価実験において, 補完類似度がもっとも優れており, 補完類似度は一対多関係の推定問題に対して有効であることを示す.
著者
小泉 令三
出版者
一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会
雑誌
教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43, no.1, pp.58-67, 1995-03-30 (Released:2013-02-19)
参考文献数
15
被引用文献数
2 2

This research examined children's perceptions of junior high school (JHS) and their adaptation to JHS. In the first study, the structure of children's (N=420) expectations and worries about JHS was demonstrated to be five-dimensional by a factor-analytic procedure: (1) worries about interpersonal relationships,(2) expectations about interpersonal relationships and school work,(3) expectations and worries about club activities,(4) worries about school work, and (5) desires for freedom. The levels of expectations were higher than those expected from a previous research. The results also showed that club activities play an important role in children's perceptions of JHS. In the second study, part of the subjects (N=115) in the first study was tested again at the ninth month after transferring to JHS. Cluster analysis applied to them identified four subgroups showing different patterns of expectations and worries, as well as adaptation to JHS environment. One of the four subgroups, which showed high level of expectations in general and low level of worries about interpersonal relationships, was suggested to be most adaptable to JHS.