著者
平田 健一郎 辰口 治樹 望月 環 三谷 正信 矢花 剛 福田 守道
出版者
一般社団法人 日本消化器内視鏡学会
雑誌
日本消化器内視鏡学会雑誌 (ISSN:03871207)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.2, pp.323-332, 1992-02-20 (Released:2011-05-09)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
1

胃平滑筋腫19例と胃平滑筋肉腫8例について超音波内視鏡(EUS)による超音波断層像を検討し,良・悪性の鑑別診断を試みた.腫瘍の最大径で両者を比較すると平滑筋腫では3.9±1.9cm,平滑筋肉腫では9.9±5.9cmで有意差(p<0.0005)を認めた.腫瘍の最大径別に3cm未満,3~8.9cm,9cm以上の3段階に分類し超音波断層像を検討した.3cm未満では7例中6例が平滑筋腫で,その超音波断層像は辺縁整,内部エコー均一(1例のみ不均川一),径1cm以上の嚢胞(-)で特徴的であった.また,9cm以上の大きな腫瘍は4例全例が平滑筋肉腫で径1cm以上の嚢胞を有していた.しかし3~8.9cmの範囲の腫瘍16例では超音波断層像の組合せで鑑別診断を試みても正診率は60%台に留まった.以上より,最大径3cm未満および9cm以上の腫瘍はEUSでほぼ的確に良・悪性の鑑別が可能であるが,3~8.9cmの腫瘍は鑑別が困難な場合があり,生検を含む積極的なアプローチが必要と考えられた.
著者
Kotone Sano
出版者
FCCA(Forum: Carbohydrates Coming of Age)
雑誌
Trends in Glycoscience and Glycotechnology (ISSN:09157352)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, no.126, pp.200-206, 2010 (Released:2010-10-07)
参考文献数
13

Vitronectin (VN) is a multifunctional glycoprotein present in plasma and the extracellular matrix (ECM). VN binds to various biological ligands and it plays a key role in tissue remodeling by regulating cell adhesion and fibrinolysis. The present study attempted to determine the glycan structures and how alternations of glycans modulate the biological activity of VN during liver regeneration. Plasma VN was purified from partially hepatectomized (PH) and sham-operated (SH) rats at 24 hours after operation and non-operated (NO) rats. The liquid chromatography/ multiple-stage mass spectrometry analysis of glycopeptides of each VN determined the site-specific glycosylation. With the major complex-type N-glycans, hybrid-type N-glycans were site-specifically present. The complex-type N-glycans decreased in PH-VN while the fucosylation ratio was increased. Highly sialylated O-glycans were found to be present in the Thr110-Thr124 region, which contained α2,8-linked disialic acid and dramatically decreased after PH. Further study using ultracentrifugation demonstrated that the multimer sizes of PH-VN significantly increased compared with NO-VN. In accordance with this, PH-VN exhibited remarkably enhanced collagen-binding than NO-VN. The results indicate that glycan alterations during tissue remodeling induce increased multimerization state to enhance collagen-binding of VN.Adhesion of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), together with phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), in PH-VN was decreased to half of that in NO- or SH-VN. Adhesion of HSCs in desialylated NO-VN decreased to 1/2 of that of control VN, indicating the importance of sialylation of VN for activation of HSCs. This study proposes that the alteration of glycosylation of VN is very significant in the modulation of the biological activity of VN during many steps of tissue remodeling processes. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of liver regeneration from the viewpoint of alterations in glycosylation of VN may contribute to the development of a strategy to regulate matrix deposition in liver cirrhosis.
著者
Eiji Kawasaki
出版者
(社)日本内分泌学会
雑誌
Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.7, pp.531-537, 2012 (Released:2012-07-31)
参考文献数
31
被引用文献数
13 44

Zinc is essential for the proper storage, secretion, and the action of insulin and is transported from cytoplasm to insulin secretory granules in the pancreatic β-cells by SLC30A zinc transporters (ZnT). ZnT8 is specifically expressed in the pancreatic β-cells and has been identified as a novel target autoantigen in patients with type 1 diabetes. Autoantibodies to ZnT8 (ZnT8A) are detected in 50-60% of Japanese patients with acute-onset and 20% with slow-onset type 1 diabetes. Furthermore, humoral autoreactivity to ZnT8 is unique in terms of a key determinant, which is not reported on other islet autoantigens such as insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase, or the protein tyrosine phosphatase-related molecules IA-2. Type 2 diabetes-associated nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphism in SLC30A8 (the gene of ZnT8), rs13266634 (Arg325Trp), modulates ZnT8A specificities thereby indicating that this amino acid substitution has the critical role in antibody binding. The humoral autoreactivity to ZnT8 depends on the clinical phenotype, which may provide clues to understand the role of this protein in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.
著者
Mitsuru IKEDA Takeshi MITSUMOJI
出版者
公益財団法人 鉄道総合技術研究所
雑誌
Quarterly Report of RTRI (ISSN:00339008)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.49, no.3, pp.184-190, 2008 (Released:2008-09-08)
参考文献数
6
被引用文献数
3 18

The reduction of aeroacoustic noise generated by pantographs has been an important subject of discussion in increasing the speed of Shinkansen trains. As the panhead significantly influences the aeroacoustic characteristics of the pantograph, reduction of its aeroacoustic noise is strongly demanded. This paper describes a method of evaluating the contributions of low-frequency aeroacoustic noise sources around the panhead. Visualization of these contributions can indicate the structure of such noise sources.
著者
岩瀬 豪 稲岡 秀陽 尾木 敦子 友澤 明徳 國仲 加世子 高安 郁代 中村 真紀 北川 一智
出版者
日本静脈経腸栄養学会
雑誌
静脈経腸栄養 (ISSN:13444980)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.6, pp.1377-1380, 2012 (Released:2012-12-17)
参考文献数
7

【目的】摂食嚥下障害をもつ高齢者の機能的自立度評価法 (Functional Independence Measure ; 以下, FIMと略) の点数がどの程度であれば, 経皮内視鏡的胃瘻造設術 (Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy; 以下, PEGと略) による経腸栄養管理後に日常生活動作 (Activities of Daily Living; 以下, ADLと略) の向上が期待できるかを検討する. 【対象及び方法】PEGを施行した30例について, その背景とPEG前後のFIMの点数を調べ, 後ろ向きの検討を行った. 【結果】PEG前の認知FIMの点数が10点以上の症例は, 胃瘻による経腸栄養管理の3ケ月後に運動ないし認知FIMの有意な改善を認めた. 【結論】PEG前のFIMのうち, 認知FIMの点数が良い症例は, 胃瘻による経腸栄養管理後にADL向上が期待できる可能性が示唆された.
著者
金折 裕司 川上 紳一 矢入 憲二
出版者
一般社団法人 日本応用地質学会
雑誌
応用地質 (ISSN:02867737)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.33, no.4, pp.187-201, 1992-10-10 (Released:2010-02-23)
参考文献数
76
被引用文献数
9 13

Dating back to 599 A. D., 26 destructive earthquakes of magnitude 6.4 or greater in the Kinki district of central Japan have been documented. A number of extensively developed active faults have been found in the Kinki district. Two major tectonic lines, the Hanaore-Kongo fault line (HKFL) and Tsurugawan-Isewan tectonic line (TITL), can be identified as lines linking these active faults. The region north of the Median Tectonic Line, occupying the area between the two tectonic lines is defined as the intra-Kinki triangle (IKTA), where N-S aligned mountain ranges are separated by basins, forming a basin/range province. Steeply dipping reverse faults separate the mountain ranges from the basins. Since it was found that the epicenters of most of the destructive earthquakes were located along the two major tectonic lines, these earthquakes were probably caused by the movement of active faults which constitute the tectonic lines.The average rate re of the seismic moments released by the destructive earthquakes was compared with the average rate rs calculated from average slip rates of the active faults constituting the HKFL, TITL and IKTA. The average rates rs of the HKFL, TITL and IKTA were found to be in good agreement with the corresponding values of of re. The values of rs and re for the HKFL and TITL range from 0.015 to 0.030×1026 dyne-cm/yr, and are significantly greater than those of the IKTA, that is, 0.001 to 0.004×1026 dyne-cm/yr. These results imply that the seismic moments were mainly released along the tectonic lines.The examination of space-time distribution patterns of the destructive earthquakes clarified that active periods of seismic activity cyclically occurred on the HKFL and TITL. A scary earthquake of magnitude 7.5 or 7.4 was generated on the HKFL at the end of one such active period. When fault activity covers the entire length of a tectonic line, the active period ends. The HKFL and TITL are presently in the active periods, since three seismic gaps over which no destructive earthquakes have been detected during the present active period. One gap is on the TITL while the other two are located on the HKFL. Using the average rates re of seismic moment release of the tectonic lines, dates of earthquake generation are tentatively predicted for seismic gaps.
著者
成田 紀之
出版者
Japanese Society for Mastication Science and Health Promotion
雑誌
日本咀嚼学会雑誌 (ISSN:09178090)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, no.1, pp.12-21, 2008-05-31 (Released:2010-07-21)
参考文献数
49

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is involved in movement execution, sensory processing, cognition, memory, and learning. Notably, chewing-related PFC activity is not fully understood in regard to its critical participation in orofacial sensorimotor functions. In the present study, we attempted to clarify the following aspects: 1) involvement of chewing-related activation of the PFC in movement execution and programming, and sensory processing, 2) effects of chewing imagery on PFC activation, 3) functional significance of oral sensory input on PFC activity, 4) efficacy of prosthodontic treatment for activating the prefrontal cortex, and 5) functional characteristics of chewing-related PFC activity in patients with psychiatric disorders and occlusal dysesthesia. Eleven adult subjects (10 healthy, 1 with a psychiatric disorder) participated in this study. Near-infrared spectroscopy (HITACHI Medical Co., ETG-100) was used to determine the hemoglobin concentration ([oxy-Hb]) in the PFC. The task utilized was chewing gum (Lotte Co., Freezone), which was composed of 5 chewing trials, each conducted for 10 seconds. Deafferentation of oral sensory input was performed by applying lidocaine anesthesia into the unilateral inferior alveolar nerve. Our results for the five studied aspects are as follows. 1) Chewing-related PFC activity was indicated in the middle part of the dorsal PFC. 2) Chewing imagery activated the bilateral middle part of the dorsal PFC. 3) The right hemisphere was predominantly decreased in the post-anesthesia condition as compared with pre-anesthesia. 4) PFC activation was clearly initiated by wearing a partial denture prosthesis. 5) Chewing-related PFC activities in the subject with a psychiatric disorder showed a lower level of activation than in the healthy subjects. It is considered that the middle part of the dorsal PFC is involved in movement planning and execution, oral somatosensory processing, and sensorimotor integration in regard to chewing performance. Wearing a partial denture prosthesis activates the PFC, which might help to prevent cognitive and memory impairments in elderly individuals. Furthermore, patients with psychiatric disorders and persistent occlusal dysesthesia indicate that hypofrontality might be related to cognitive disruption of oral somatosensory input .
著者
爲季 周平 阿部 泰昌 山田 裕子 林 司央子 種村 純
出版者
一般社団法人 日本高次脳機能障害学会
雑誌
高次脳機能研究 (旧 失語症研究) (ISSN:13484818)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.3, pp.348-355, 2009-09-30 (Released:2010-10-01)
参考文献数
11

Action disorganization syndrome (以下ADS) を呈した脳梁離断症候群の一例を経験し,ADS の出現機序と関連領域について検討した。ADS は日常的生活の順序を多く含む動作において,使用対象の誤り,順序過程の誤り,省略,質的誤り,空間的誤りを示し目的行為が障害される。ADS は目的行為の概念は保たれるが contention scheduling system におけるスキーマの表象が誤ったり省略されたりし,さらにその誤って表象されたスキーマを supervisory attention system によって訂正できない結果,そのまま誤って表象された行為が出現する。本症例は脳梁膝から,左上・中前頭回にかけて損傷されており,過去の報告例では左右どちらか一方,または両側の上・中前頭回が損傷されていた。ADS は左右両側の広範な前頭葉領域内の損傷によって生じる可能性が考えられ,左右の上・中前頭回を結ぶ交連線維の損傷により,脳内における情報の統合障害や錯綜,注意機能や抑制機能の低下が加わることで生じると考えられた。
著者
更井 啓介
出版者
一般社団法人 日本臨床薬理学会
雑誌
臨床薬理 (ISSN:03881601)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.5, no.3, pp.197-202, 1974-09-30 (Released:2010-06-28)
参考文献数
29
著者
樋口 敬二
出版者
The Japanese Society of Snow and Ice
雑誌
雪氷 (ISSN:03731006)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.6, pp.195-207, 1968-11-30 (Released:2009-07-23)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
1 4

最近, 国際水文学十年計画 (IHD) の一環として, 地上および地下に存在する多年性氷雪の世界的規模における調査がおこなわれる計画があるが, 日本では, 万年雪, 雪渓が多年性氷雪であるので, これを機会に, 現在までにおこなわれた雪渓調査の記録をまとめた.もっとも古いのは, 1916年, 大関久五郎による月山の万年雪の調査であり, 以後, 月山のほか, 北アルプスの劔岳, 鹿島槍ケ岳, 雄山, 穂高岳, 大雪山などにおける万年雪, 雪渓の調査がおこなわれている.これらの報告をできるだけ多く, かつ, 一部は原文を引用して, 日本における多年性の氷雪の分布に関する資料とした.
著者
高倉 聡 大城 昌平
出版者
理学療法科学学会
雑誌
理学療法科学 (ISSN:13411667)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.4, pp.315-319, 2005 (Released:2006-02-14)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
2 5

高齢者用バランスボードN型(BN)を使ったバランス機能評価法と,高齢者の歩行移動能力との関連について検討した。対象は,高齢者45名であった。BNによるバランス機能評価は,BNの高さと保持時間によって4群(BNグレードI~IV)に分類した。その結果,BNグレードが低くなるに従って歩行レベルも有意に低かった。また,多項ロジスティック回帰分析の結果から,非歩行自立群の歩行自立群に対するリスク要因として,10 m最大歩行速度とBNグレードが有意であった。したがって,BNによるバランス機能評価は,高齢者の歩行移動能力と関連がみられ,歩行移動手段を検討する際の指標の一つと成り得ることが示唆された。
著者
八木 徹 神部 順子 青山 智夫 長嶋 雲兵
出版者
日本コンピュータ化学会
雑誌
Journal of Computer Chemistry, Japan (ISSN:13471767)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.1, pp.78-80, 2012-04-28 (Released:2012-05-10)
参考文献数
2

太陽光の大気の散乱による空の色の変化を見るために,ペットボトルと傘袋に満たした水にワックスを懸濁させ,それに白色LEDの光を当て,白色光の散乱をみる実験を行った.その写真をデジタルカメラで撮影し,デジタル画像解析を行ったところ,赤R,緑G,青B成分のうち,Rは光源から離れるにつれ,緩やかに減衰し遠距離まで到達でき,他方Bは急速に減衰し,GはRとBの中間の減衰傾向を持つことが示された.簡単な道具で定性的に太陽光による空の色の変化をデモンストレーションできた.
著者
福山 愛保 江角 朋之
出版者
社団法人 有機合成化学協会
雑誌
有機合成化学協会誌 (ISSN:00379980)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.6, pp.585-597, 2007-06-01 (Released:2010-10-20)
参考文献数
37
被引用文献数
9 17

Plants producing natural products remain one of the few sources of drug discovery, yielding unorthodox and often unexpected chemical structures. Since some classes of plant-derived natural products are frequently concentrated on the same genus, the extensive chemosystematic studies of the specific plants serve as a chemical library to discover candidates for drugs or biological probes for physiological studies. Vibsane-type diterpenes belong to rarely occurring natural products since they have been elaborated solely in Viburnum species such as V. awabuki, V odoratissimum, and V. suspensum. These diterpenes are further classified into 11-membered ring, 7-membered ring and rearranged (neovibsanin) types, thus putting their chemical diversity into a unique chemical library. We describe a variety of vibsanes, chemical correlations between three subtypes, and synthetic studies of vibsanin F, the simplest 11-membered ring vibsane, as well as neurotrophic activities of neovibsanins A-B.