著者
沖田 瑞穂
出版者
中央大学人文科学研究所
雑誌
人文研紀要 (ISSN:02873877)
巻号頁・発行日
no.68, pp.289-310, 2010
著者
林 茂樹
雑誌
摂南大学教育学研究 = Bulletin of Educational Research of Setsunan University (ISSN:13498118)
巻号頁・発行日
no.12, pp.17-30, 2016-03

本稿は、小学校の「帰りの会」における1 日の反省の場が、個人に対する「吊し上げ」や「責任追及」の場に変化するメカニズムを、教室内の相互行為と秩序形成という視点から明らかにしようとしたものである。現在では、「班・核・討議づくり」の方法論による「学級集団づくり」の影響はほとんどないと考えられる。他方で、班・係・日直等の学級集団内の組織や役割、朝の会・帰りの会という短時間の学級活動は広く定着している。そして、子どもたちは、学級集団内での生き残りをかけ、体験にもとづく、状況依存的な行為選択を日々行っている。戦後の学級活動についての制度史的・実践史的展開に関する社会学的な解釈を踏まえ、1 日の終わりの反省の場が「吊し上げ」、あるいは「責任追及」に変化する場面を教室内の社会現象が構築される過程として捉え直した。そして、教室内の相互行為による秩序形成という視点で具体的な対面場面での子どもたちの振舞いの意味を解釈することにより、意図せざる結果として、「学級裁判」と形容される場面が創り出されることを指摘した。
著者
福田 安志
出版者
独立行政法人 日本貿易振興機構アジア経済研究所
雑誌
中東レビュー (ISSN:21884595)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.Vol.7_J-Art01, (Released:2019-07-30)

From the beginning of the Trump administration, the U.S. military presence in Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries has rapidly evolved. Specifically, the number of U.S. Air Force soldiers stationed in Qatar, United Arab Emirates, and Kuwait has been significantly reduced. This may be a result of President Trump’s preference to minimize the level of U.S. troops deployed in the region. Conversely, the United States has maintained its naval presence in the gulf, including an aircraft carrier strike group and naval troops in Bahrain. In the same period, Iran has remarkably expanded its military capabilities after developing sophisticated new missile systems, drones, and submarines. Combined with recent hostile events in the gulf, this situation has heightened concerns about gulf security, in particular, to ensure the safe passage of crude oil destined for all parts of the world. Current tension may lead to an escalated presence of U.S. forces in the region.
著者
石峯 康浩
出版者
日本エアロゾル学会
雑誌
エアロゾル研究 (ISSN:09122834)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.30, no.3, pp.177-182, 2015-09-20 (Released:2015-10-03)
参考文献数
17
被引用文献数
1

Abstract This paper reviews health hazards caused by volcanic aerosols such as fine volcanic ash and acid mist formed from volcanic gases. Volcanic ash, which is defined as tephra or pyroclastic particles smaller than 2 mm, spreads over a wide area during explosive volcanic eruptions. A certain fraction of fine volcanic ash is classified as PM2.5 and thus has potential to cause health problems. Volcanic gases also have adverse effects on human health. In particular, sulfur dioxide injected into the stratosphere during a large scale eruption produces massive amounts of sulfuric acid aerosols to cause severe environmental stress on a global scale and possibly increase excess mortality due to cardiopulmonary diseases. This paper describes fundamental properties of volcanic ash and gases from the view point of health effects. This paper also outlines some historical records of volcanic eruptions to show relationships between observed volcanic ash/gas concentrations and resultant health problems. Some fundamental issues are then discussed with the aim of promoting interdisciplinary collaboration to study volcanic aerosols.
著者
関 義正
出版者
THE JAPANESE SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PSYCHOLOGY
雑誌
動物心理学研究 (ISSN:09168419)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.69.1.9, (Released:2019-07-18)
参考文献数
37
被引用文献数
1 1

Rhythmic entrainment, or synchronization, to musical rhythm is universally observed in almost all human culture; however, in non-human animals, this kind of behavior has been demonstrated only by some specific species. Thus, exploring the evolutional origin and the psychological substrate for this capability is an attractive research topic. This article reviews recent studies tackling this question and relevant researches, then, introduces a hypothesis explaining the origin of the prominent capability for rhythmic synchronization in humans.
著者
仁平 典宏
出版者
日本教育社会学会
雑誌
教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.96, pp.175-196, 2015
被引用文献数
1

20世紀後半から進行する福祉国家の再編にともない,社会保障制度は,教育や訓練を通じて雇用可能性を高めることを目指すワークフェアとしての性格を持つようになってきた。このワークフェアは社会的排除を改善するベクトルと悪化させるベクトルを孕む。本稿の目的は,その分岐の条件を,主にイギリスのニューレイバーの「第三の道」の社会政策の検討を通じて,導出することである。<BR> ニューレイバーは,人的資本への社会的投資を通じた社会的包摂政策を掲げ,子どもの貧困や若年失業の改善に取り組んできた。それらは一定の成果を上げたと評価される一方で,批判的社会政策論からは,むしろそれが貧困家庭や脆弱性のある若者に対する抑圧や排除を深刻化させたと批判されている。問題の所在は,第三の道のワークフェアが,社会構造の転換によってではなく,個人のハビトゥスの矯正によって社会的排除に対応するように仕向ける統治性として性格をもっていた点にある。<BR> 以上を踏まえて,社会的排除を避ける方向性が,福祉国家レジーム論や生産レジーム論の知見も参照しつつ,教育の内部と外部においてそれぞれ示される。ワークフェアは――教育と同様――成功可能性が確率に委ねられるゲームとしての側面を幾重にも有している。よって社会的排除を回避する掛金は,ワークフェアへの参加/離脱の前提として,無条件で普遍主義的な社会権保障を論理的かつ制度的に先行させることにある。
著者
Minoru Nakao Mizuki Sasaki Tsukasa Waki Mitsuhiko Asakawa
出版者
The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology
雑誌
Species Diversity (ISSN:13421670)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.2, pp.159-167, 2019-07-25 (Released:2019-07-25)
参考文献数
35
被引用文献数
3

Members of the genus Glaphyrostomum Braun, 1901 (Trematoda: Brachylaimidae) are parasites of birds. However, an exception occurs in Glaphyrostomum soricis Asakawa, Kamiya and Ohbayashi, 1988, which was described from the long-clawed shrew, Sorex unguiculatus Dobson, 1890, in Hokkaido, Japan. A recent DNA barcode-based trematode survey of land snails clearly showed that Ainohelix editha (A. Adams, 1868), a bradybaenid snail indigenous to Hokkaido, serves as the first and second intermediate hosts for a species of the genus Pseudoleucochloridium Pojmańska, 1959 (Panopistidae). Its adult stage was furthermore confirmed from S. unguiculatus. A comparison of adult morphology between Pseudoleucochloridium sp. and G. soricis revealed that both should be considered the same species. However, Pseudoleucochloridium soricis comb. nov. cannot be applied because P. soricis (Sołtys, 1952) already exists as the type species of the genus. We, therefore, propose Pseudoleucochloridium ainohelicis nom. nov. as a replacement name for G. soricis.
著者
山田 祐樹
出版者
心理学評論刊行会
雑誌
心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.1, pp.15-29, 2016 (Released:2018-04-13)
参考文献数
108
被引用文献数
8

Several studies on scientific replication and meta-analytic approaches have illustrated the issue of low reproducibility or low effect size in psychology and related fields. Herein, the author described not only the problems generally underlying fields (e.g., questionable research practices and misconduct) but also problems specific to cognitive psychology. Reproducibility or effect size of experimental studies has gathered little attention from researchers in cognitive psychology. In addition, the lack of cognitive studies on researchers in cognitive psychology is related to the disregard for motivational factors on the reproduction/replication problems. Based on the understanding of these issues, the author discusses how future cognitive psychology can overcome them.
著者
細貝 亮
出版者
日本メディア学会
雑誌
マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.94, pp.13-22, 2019-01-31 (Released:2019-06-06)
参考文献数
18

In 2016, media outlets began conducting dual-frame random digit dialing(RDD) surveys that sample mobile phone numbers in addition to the traditionaltargets with landline phone numbers. The resulting greater outreach to hitherto underrepresented youths and mobile-only users has improved the credibilityof polls. Still, new challenges have been identified with surveys targetingmobile phone users. Examples include a predominant share of males amongrespondents and the difficulty in ensuring validity of survey caused by inconsistencywith methods used for surveys that target only landline phone users.Unfortunately, there are no promising alternatives for opinion polling in caseRDD surveys grow difficult. Worse still, failures in predicting election resultsand mistrust of the media have dampened confidence in polls. Going forward,pollsters must gain people’s trust regarding opinion polls by properly explaininghow they are supposed to be conducted.
著者
山崎 和彦 鳥山 菜穂 永倉 由貴 前田 亜紀子
出版者
日本生理人類学会
雑誌
日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, no.3, pp.121-128, 2017 (Released:2017-10-31)

The airflow velocity in clothing (AVC) was measured by using the bi-directional airflow sensor in order to observe the chimney effect and the pumping effect. Eight female participants were asked to wear a separate type raincoat and they kept themselves in a stationary state or performed the rhythmic work. The climatic chamber was controlled at 23℃ or 18℃ (RH50% ). The AVC caused by chimney effect was higher at 18℃ than at 23℃ significantly. The highest value (0.43m/sec) was observed at the chest area. The pumping effect triggered by the rhythmic work caused the air in clothing flowed from the trunk towards the cuff or the hem of a raincoat and overwhelmed the chimney effect.