著者
富田 哲
出版者
福島大学行政社会学会
雑誌
行政社会論集 (ISSN:09161384)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.4, pp.169-212, 2020
著者
田畑 昌顕 石川 章一
出版者
社団法人 日本繊維機械学会
雑誌
繊維機械學會誌
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.7, pp.447-451, 1958

研究目的スライバのむらおよびそのドラフレによる変化を解析的に論じるために, スライバ構造をどのように表現すればよいか研究する.研究結果スラィバ構造は繊維塊先端の配置と繊維塊構成本数, 繊維の有効長さおよび有効太さの頻度分布を示すことによって, ほぼ完全に表現されることを明らかにした。また繊維塊先端の配置と任意の長さyの区間中に含まれる繊維先端数間の変動との関係を明らかにし, かつ両者ともにランダム成分と複合調和波で近似される成分との和で表わされることを示した.
著者
木下 太志
出版者
日本人口学会
雑誌
人口学研究 (ISSN:03868311)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, pp.27-39, 1999-12-01 (Released:2017-09-12)

本稿は,日本の歴史人口学において,長い間未解決であった問題を取り扱った。それは,宗門改帳における出生の過少登録に関する問題である。この問題は宗門改帳から乳児死亡率だけではなく,出生率をも正確に推計することを妨げており,日本の歴史人口学の発展のネックとなっていた。この問題を解決するため,本稿では,乳児死亡率と出生率を別々に扱い,前半部分で宗門改帳の記録から正確な乳児死亡率を推計する方法について検討し,後半部分で宗門改帳における出生の過少登録を中心に論じた。前半部分では,宗門改帳から得られる情報だけではなく,明治・大正期の人口動態統計も使い,宗門改帳から得られる乳児死亡に関する指標を「初年死亡率」と定義して,それと乳児死亡率との関係を見つけ出し,この関係を乳児死亡率の推計のために使った。後半部分では,マイクロシミュレーションを利用した。その結果,出生の過少登録のレベルは乳児死亡率のレベルと密接に関係しており,徳川時代の乳児死亡率のレベルでは,宗門改帳に記録された出生は,実際の出生よりも14パーセントから18パーセント程度過少に,日本国内の地域性を考え,少し安全側に立っても,12パーセントから18パーセント程度過少に記録されている可能性が高いことがわかった。近年の歴史人口学の研究では,このレベルを20パーセントと仮定することが多かったが,本稿の結果からすると,この仮定は過大に見積もられているという結論が導き出された。本稿では,宗門改帳の記録日によって,出生の過少登録のレベルが大きく影響されるのかどうかという問題についても検証した。この問題に対する答えは否定的なもので,宗門改帳の記録日の違いは,懸念されるほどには出生率の推計に影響を与えないことがわかった。最後に,シミュレーションを使って,異なるサイズの小集団における出生率の分散を検討した。この結果は,小集団における出生率の分散に関するひとつの指標となり,断片的な宗門改帳を扱う際の助けとなるであろう。
著者
安田 美穂 齊藤 幸哉 畠山 鎮
出版者
一般社団法人 品質工学会
雑誌
品質工学 (ISSN:2189633X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.14, no.1, pp.101-107, 2006-02-01 (Released:2016-09-30)
参考文献数
4

In semiconductor fabrication processes, it is desirable to utilize on-line quality engineering to establish stabilized fabrication processes through optimized process control. In this study, for the purpose of establishing on-line engineering in semiconductor fabrication processes, a system that many people can utilize was studied and verified through practical use. In work analysis and loss calculations, an attempt was made to eliminate hesitation and improve working efficiency by standardizing data and creating tools that made the data more usable and more generally applicable. Through practice in actual processes and establishment of these methods, an increase in the use of on-line quality engineering was observed, and it was also shown that on-line quality engineering could uncover various problems present in process control.
著者
長宗 留男 横山 博文 福留 篤男
出版者
特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会
雑誌
火山 (ISSN:04534360)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.37, no.1, pp.1-8, 1992-04-01 (Released:2017-03-20)
参考文献数
16

Earthquake swarms which have frequently occurred off the east coast of the Izu Peninsula since 1978 are investigated, and the relationships between the swarms and the submarine volcanic eruption at Teisi Knoll in 1989 are discussed. The results are summarized as follows: 1) Shapes of epicentral areas of the earthquake swarms can be classified into the following two types, Type I and Type II. The former is an ellipse elongated NE-SW; the latler, an eilipse elongated approximately NW-SE. The swarms in the early years are of Type I, and those in the later stage (in particular, since 1984), for the most part, are of Type II.2) The largest earthquakes in the respective swarms for Type I are located along a straight line in the NE-SW direction, and those for Type II, along a curve line in the E-W to NW-SE directions. These two lines are probably indicative of active tectonic lines. 3) The epicentral areas for Type I and Type II, migrate periodically with a recurrece time of 6-7 years along the tectonic line in the NE-SW direction, and with a recurrence time of about 3.7 years along the tectonic line in the E-W to NW-SE directions, respectively. 4) Teisi Knoll where the submarine volcanic eruption took place on July 13, 1989, is situated in the northwestern part of the tectonic line trending E-W to NW-SE. The eruption was triggerd by the largest shock in the swarm which occurred around the northwestern end of the line.
著者
宮崎 裕子 千木良 雅弘 黒川 潮
出版者
日本地形学連合
雑誌
地形 = Transactions, Japanese Geomorphological Union (ISSN:03891755)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.3, pp.205-224, 2005-07-25
参考文献数
36
被引用文献数
1

The Niijima and Kozushima earthquake struck Kozushima Island to the south of Tokyo on 1 July 2000, with an intensity of 6-low on the Japanese Meterological Agency scale. The earthquake was followed by heavy rain (cumulative storm precipitation 291mm in 24 hour and maximum hourly precipitation 52mm) on July 7th to 8th and another earthquake occurred on July 9th. These cumulative events triggered many landslides, which we identified on air photographs taken before, during, and after the events, and then mapped on GIS-based topographic and geologic maps to assess the cumulative effects of consecutive earthquake and rainfall on slope failures on a rhyolitic volcano. The successive July 1st earthquake, rainfall, and smaller July 9th earthquake triggered 618, 123, and 102 slope failures, respectively, on rhyolitic lava and pyroclastics that dominate the island. Most of the failures occurred on slopes steeper than 30 degrees near the "erosion front". On jointed rhyolite lava slopes, many earthquake-initiated slope failures occurred because of the high inertial energy within the lava mass during the earthquake. Conversely, few landslides were triggered by rainfall because of the high permeability of the lava. Areas of coarse pyroclastics and crumble breccia suffered from many landslides during the first earthquake but not during the subsequent rainstorm, probably due to the low cohesion and large permeability of these materials. Alternatively, silt or clay-rich pyroclastics experienced more landslides during rainfall compared to the earthquake because of the greater cohesion and lower permeability of these materials. However, rainfall on July 7th to 8th alone appears not to be of sufficient intensity to trigger widespread landslide; previous rainfall events that initiated widespread slope failures on the Kozushima Island had maximum 1-hour intensities >100mm. The earthquake on July 1st could have loosened the surface material, which failed during the subsequent moderate rainfall.
著者
クレーマ ハンス・マーティン 楠 綾子
出版者
東京大学社会科学研究所
雑誌
社會科學研究 (ISSN:03873307)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.1, pp.150-170, 2007-12-17

本稿は,1948年から1950年にかけて行われた「共産主義的」大学教員の追放(レッド・パージ)を,いわゆる占領政策の「逆コース」の一例として検討する.本稿は,レッド・パージは,米国の対日政策の変化によるものではなく,むしろ日本主導で行われたと考える.反共主義は1946年以降,教育行政の思想においては不可欠の要素であった.しかしながら,反共主義が処罰的行動へと直結したわけではない.政治色よりも大学での地位の低さといった要素が個人の追放の決定要因になったことは,追放が単に上からの命令によるものではなかったことを示唆している.本稿は,旧制弘前高校の哲学講師と京都府立医科大学の解剖学教授のふたつの追放の事例からこれを証明するものである.「逆コース」を従来の研究のようにとらえれば,日米それぞれの担当者が占領政策にいかなる貢献をしたのかが見落とされることになる.占領政策の形成に日本がいかなる役割を果たしたのかを明らかにするためには,中堅,下層レベルの行動を考慮に入れて占領期の正確な実像を描く必要がある.
著者
森田 勝
出版者
社団法人 農業農村工学会
雑誌
農業土木学会論文集 (ISSN:03872335)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1999, no.200, pp.189-197,a1, 1999-04-25 (Released:2011-08-11)
参考文献数
5

土地改良事業の工事は、土地改良法所定の事業開始手続をとった場合には、工事の施行に同意していない者の土地に対しても施行することができるので、工事を施行したことに対して民事責任も刑事責任も問われることはない。土地区画整理法により土地区画整理事業の工事を所有者及び占有者の同意を得ることなく施行するについては、同法80条の規定に基づくことが必要であり、そのためには工事対象土地に対し仮換地の指定等による使用収益の停止処分がとられている必要がある。この土地区画整理法80条とほぼ同様の文章の規定が土地改良法123条の2として0設けられているが、土地改良法と土地区画整理法では、法の目的、趣旨、対象、法構成等を異にするので、土地改良事業の工事の施行に関する法律根拠を土地区画整理事業の工事を施行する場合と同様に解することにはならない
著者
門馬 綱一 池田 卓史 長瀬 敏郎 栗林 貴弘 本間 千舟 西久保 勝己 高橋 直樹 高田 雅介 松下 能孝 宮脇 律郎 松原 聰
出版者
一般社団法人日本鉱物科学会
雑誌
日本鉱物科学会年会講演要旨集 日本鉱物科学会 2014年年会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.36, 2014 (Released:2019-03-20)

千葉県南房総市荒川から、千葉石と共生して産出した未命名シリカ鉱物について、新鉱物bosoite「房総石」として国際鉱物学連合新鉱物命名分類委員会の承認を受けた。房総石はケージ状骨格構造中にメタンやエタンなどのガス分子を含み、構造H型のガスハイドレートと同形構造である。
著者
吉田 豊 門脇 良一 畑中 雅彦 坂口 威 西辻 昭
出版者
一般社団法人 資源・素材学会
雑誌
資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.111, no.4, pp.219-224, 1995-04-25 (Released:2011-01-27)
参考文献数
23

In the past, many methods of measuring gas concentration were developed. However, limitations lixe; selectivity in the kind of gases the system can measure, range of gas quantity and pre-treatment requirements prevented the wider applications of these techniques.The objective of this research is to develop a method for measuring gas concentrations that is free from the above mentioned limitations. In this regard, the principle and the technique of measuring the sound generated by the spectral diffraction of a laser beam was investigated.This technique is fundamentally different from any other usual spectroscopic analysis: this is an indirect method which measures the acoustic pressure emitted from gas when the photo energy is supplied to it.First, miniaturized laser equipment was fabricated based on diagrams and gas flow type. Then the primary parameters in this system in terms of the sensitivity of this system are the following; the laser's power output, the chopping frequency and the acoustic cell shape. The influence of these factors on the sound generated by the beam were investigated.As an condition of this system, a CO2 laser with output power of under 5.0W, a radial cell and a chopping frequency of 20Hz were chosen. As a result of the experiments under this condition, we confirmed that acoustic signal is proportional to gas concentration of single and mixture gas.For high sensitivity analysis of measuring acoustic signal, the noise characterics in measuring system, which was occured by discharge tube of laser, microphone, acoustic cell and so on, were measured and were eliminated. The new discharge tube of laser without noise was fabricated. And we maked out for the about thirty kinds of diameter, axies lenngth and mass of acoustic cell. The chopping frequency was chosen outside for frequency of noise. It was found that the gas concentrations of Ethylene was measurable in the ranges of concentration 1ppm-10%.
著者
楊 静
出版者
奈良女子大学大学院人間文化研究科
雑誌
人間文化研究科年報 (ISSN:09132201)
巻号頁・発行日
no.28, pp.145-155, 2012

In China,"being parents of an egg" is regarded as a practical activity to help children understand how hard parents work and to help them love their parents. The activity is letting each child hold a raw egg. Children have to treat the eggs as their own babies and take care of them. The author observed this activity in Tianjin,China,and it has been praised not only in Tianjin but-the whole of China. However, a similar activity has never been seen in Japan. In Tianjin,the author recorded a video of this activity and-conducted an investigation. Twenty college students from Japan and China watched the video, answered a questionnaire prepared in advance, and then were interviewed. Surprisingly,the results differed between the Chinese and Japanese students. The Chinese students believed that children can learn to understand how hard parents work and to love their parents through this activity.They also thought,that the activity can help children to develop a sense of responsibility. On the other hand,Japanese students believed that the eggs should not be regarded as babies. If they were , it meant that the babies died when the eggs fell and broken From their perspective,that would be a very cruel thing for a child. But why did the students'viewpoints differ? One reason is that the Chinese students did not think of the activity as"real life." Once the eggs fell and broke, they were just eggs, not babies. However, the Japanese students always regarded the eggs as babies. Another reason is that parents and teachers have absolute power in China.: Children must respect their parents and obey the teacher.
著者
加藤 恵輔 中村 祐介 長谷川 一樹 根崎 雄太
出版者
公益社団法人 日本設計工学会
雑誌
設計工学 (ISSN:09192948)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.2, pp.117-128, 2020 (Released:2020-02-05)
参考文献数
19

Promotion of barrier-free systems has been discussed actively because of the recent aging society, and more and more elevators and other devices have been installed in places such as large-scale public facilities and stations. However, it is difficult to apply barrier-free designs to every building to assist people’s mobility and smooth carriage of luggage. Especially stairs are the challenging place in terms of mobility. We consider a vehicle-type robot that can go up and down stairs is effective to solve this problem. Thus, in our study, we aimed to establish a technology which prevents the robot from sliding down stairs, and we proposed the wheel structure with the new C-shaped claw mechanism to adapt passively to shapes of steps. We also proposed the movement action principle that is less affected by the distance between the stair nosings. In this paper, we discuss the mechanical configuration and the mechanical design of the vehicle-type robots that we have developed, and report on the experiments.