著者

矢敷 彩子 山口 正士

出版者

日本生態学会

雑誌

日本生態学会大会講演要旨集 第52回日本生態学会大会 大阪大会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.122, 2005 (Released:2005-03-17)

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沖縄本島沿岸の砂浜には潮干狩りの対象となる主な二枚貝として、イソハマグリ(Atactodea striata)、リュウキュウナミノコ(Donax faba)、ナミノコガイ(D. cuneatus) の3種が分布している。1980年代までは、貝を掘る潮干狩りの人々で砂浜にぎわっていたが、それ以降その姿をほとんどみかけなくなった。本研究では砂浜に生息する食用二枚貝について、全島的に貝塚から出土した貝類のデータを基本情報とし、それを現生貝類の分布量と比較して資源量の変遷を考察した。貝塚データと比較するために貝塚に近い砂浜を40箇所選出し、1998年から1999年に現生貝類調査を行った。現生貝類の砂浜における「単位掘り出し時間当たりの個体数」を種類ごとに求め、「多」、「普通」、「少」、「無」にランクわけした。貝塚出土の貝類データについても現生貝類と同様、相対的にランクわけした。その結果、沖縄本島では貝塚の出土状況から資源量が大きかったとみなされた砂浜の多くで、現生の貝類分布では潮干狩り可能な状態の生息密度に及ばず、明らかに資源量は減少したと考えられた。また金武湾沿岸部などの貝塚から出土し、沖縄において食用資源として過去に生息が推測されたハマグリ類 (Meretrix spp.) は、今回の調査では確認されなかった。砂浜貝類集団の生息分布には時空間的な変動が激しく、自然変動で増減することがよく知られており、貝塚時代に比べ現在の資源量が少ないことを単に環境変化の影響と言い切ることはできない。しかし埋立や護岸整備などによる砂浜の消失が各地に見られ、ハマグリ類 (Meretrix spp.) の地域絶滅の可能性もあることから、砂浜における食用貝類資源が乏しくなっている現状が推察された。

著者

Koji Sugie Akira Taniguchi

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

ISIJ International (ISSN:09151559)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.3, pp.513-520, 2011-03-15 (Released:2011-03-18)

参考文献数

56

被引用文献数

4 11

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The bioavailability and durability of Fe released from decarburization steelmaking slag was examined for two marine diatom species. The bioavailability of Fe released from the slag was compared with that from the reagent FeCl3·6H2O in the presence or absence of the synthetic chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, which affects Fe speciation in seawater. The duration of bioavailability was determined by the recovery of the growth rate on intermittent additions of macro-nutrients other than Fe. Abiotic reduction of bioavailable Fe from the slag in seawater was also investigated for 5 or 15 d. Thus, the bioavailability of Fe released from the slag was observed to be sufficiently high to promote the maximum growth rate; this was similar to that observed with the reagent inorganic Fe. This implies that the iron released from the slag is a dissolved ferric and/or ferrous ion/hydroxide species. In the culture media, to which the slag was added at the concentration of 20 mg L−1, the slag supplied bioavailable Fe to two diatoms for 50 d. The probable duration for which the slag was available as an Fe source was approximately 10 times longer than the reported duration in in situ iron fertilization experiments. These results indicate that continuous Fe fertilization can be achieved by a single addition of the slag, and hence, we can reduce the energy and cost of ocean fertilization and also create a resource of microalgae biofuels.

著者

小川 真生 道渕 路子 我妻 孝則 西川 美香子 川﨑 康弘 土田 英昭 寺口 奏子

出版者

日本緩和医療学会

雑誌

Palliative Care Research (ISSN:18805302)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.1, pp.501-505, 2017 (Released:2017-03-24)

参考文献数

18

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【緒言】終末期の難治性せん妄が数日間の持続的な深い鎮静後に改善した事例を経験した.【症例】脳実質浸潤を伴った57歳女性の頭頸部がん患者の異常行動を伴ったせん妄が,急激に悪化した.オピオイドスイッチや薬物治療などを行ったが,異常行動は改善しなかった.難治性の終末期せん妄と診断され,家族は鎮静を希望した.ミダゾラムによる間欠的鎮静を開始し,さらに持続的鎮静へと移行した.その数日後,家族の鎮静継続への葛藤を認め,10日後に鎮静を中止した.覚醒後,患者の異常行動は消失し,軽度の意識障害はあったが,家族とのコミュニケーションを保ちながら2カ月後に死亡した.【考察】鎮静に伴う多種類の薬剤の中止はせん妄改善の原因の一つと考えられる.緩和医療学会のガイドラインにおいて家族の気持ちの確認以外の持続鎮静中止の基準は明確ではなく,よりエビデンスレベルの高い鎮静中止の基準が必要であると考えられる.

著者

小林 晃 畑 泰司 山本 浩文 鈴木 真紀 竹元 慎吾 宮上 寛之 太良 光利

出版者

一般社団法人 日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会

雑誌

日本プライマリ・ケア連合学会誌 (ISSN:21852928)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.2, pp.86-90, 2017-06-20 (Released:2017-06-21)

参考文献数

10

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目的:徳之島の医療施設で経験した14例の悪性貧血について臨床的および疫学的検討を行った.方法:平成21年3月より平成26年5月までに当院で悪性貧血と診断した14例を対象として,後方視的に検討した.結果:全例50歳以上で,高齢女性に多かった.14例のうち6例は特に症状はなかったが,定期検査で大球性貧血を認めたことが契機で,悪性貧血の診断に至った.この期間における当院の年間発症数は中央値3(95%confidence interval[CI]:1.25-3.42)であった.結論:徳之島での今回の我々の成績では,悪性貧血の10万人当たりの年間発症率が,本邦の従来の報告例に比し,大幅に高い可能性があることが判明した.その理由として,高い高齢化率,看過されやすい疾患であること,民族的ないし地域的特異性が関与している可能性を指摘した.悪性貧血の罹患率は従来の報告より高い可能性があり,貧血の鑑別診断として,悪性貧血を念頭に入れて診療を行う必要がある.

著者

原田 紹臣 赤澤 史顕 速見 智 里深 好文

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集B1(水工学) (ISSN:2185467X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.4, pp.I_1213-I_1218, 2013 (Released:2014-03-31)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1

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Recently, many hazardous flooding cases caused by an irrigation tank overflow under concentrated downpour have been reported. Using a hydrograph to predict the overflow is an important countermeasure against hazardous flooding in the downstream area. Many preceding studies have considered only peak flow discharge without timescale for the hydrograph in the prediction of runoff characteristics due to irrigation tank flow. The present paper deals with the importance of the runoff characteristics and proposes a new index for the hydrograph to evaluate flooding risks in the downstream area, using numerical simulation. The proposed index includes both peak flow discharge and timescale for the hydrograph. Next, the applicability of the two-dimensional numerical simulation model is examined comparing the examples of damage with the in situ experimental results, which were carried out in a narrow channel located in a mountainous site.

著者

村田 貴之

出版者

日本ウイルス学会

雑誌

ウイルス (ISSN:00426857)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.1, pp.95-104, 2014-06-25 (Released:2015-03-10)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

1 2

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Epstein-Barr (EB)ウイルスはガンマヘルペスウイルスに分類されるヒト腫瘍ウイルスである.進化学的観点からみても長期にわたって宿主と共存してきた,高度な生存戦略を備えたウイルスであり,複雑,巧妙な感染様式をとることで自身の維持,拡大を図っている.その感染様式は,潜伏感染と溶解感染のふたつに分けられ,潜伏感染から溶解感染への移行を再活性化と呼ぶ.さらに潜伏感染は主に0-IIIの4つに分類される.このような感染様式の相違や変遷は,ウイルスの維持拡大のみならずがん化のプロセスや臨床病態とも深く関わっており,その理解は重要である.本稿では,EBウイルスによる増殖性疾患の発生,維持,進展の機序について,我々の感染様式に関する研究成果を交えながら紹介したい.

著者

西山 友貴

出版者

一般社団法人 日本集中治療医学会

雑誌

日本集中治療医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13407988)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.4, pp.229a-229a, 1995-10-01 (Released:2009-03-27)

著者

宮本 律子 秋山 奈巳 亀井 伸孝

出版者

日本手話学会

雑誌

手話学研究 (ISSN:18843204)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, pp.51-58, 2015-12-01 (Released:2016-12-21)

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This is the report of how the sign language workshop at the 8th World Congress of African Linguistics (WOCAL8) was organized and managed. WOCAL 8 was held at Kyoto University, Japan from 20th to 24th of August 2015. This was the third workshop that focused entirely on sign languages in Africa. Firstly, we report how it was financially planned, and then how coordination between interpreters and presenters was achieved. We made this purely academic workshop open to the local Deaf community to empower the community by offering interpretations in JSL just like they did in German Sign Language at WOCAL 6.

著者

川上 和孝 五島 直樹

出版者

国立研究開発法人 産業技術総合研究所

雑誌

Synthesiology (ISSN:18826229)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.3, pp.154-162, 2014 (Released:2014-12-25)

参考文献数

13

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我々はポストヒトゲノム研究としてプロテオミクス研究を推進し、ヒトタンパク質の機能解析、タンパク質相互作用、タンパク質構造解析等を大規模に行うための技術基盤の整備を行ってきた。これまでに開発したヒトタンパク質発現リソース、タンパク質発現技術を利用し、プロテインアレイを作製することで血清中に含まれている自己抗体のプロファイリングを世界で最も正確に行うことができる。生体の異常に敏感に応答する生体防御システムを、疾患の検出に利用することは非常に理にかなっていると考えられる。我々が開発するプロテインアレイは生体防御システムを利用した早期診断を可能にし、安全・安心な国民生活を実現する。

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.9, pp.580-582, 1979-09-25 (Released:2009-05-25)

著者

村上 龍希 景山 陽一 西田 眞 白澤 洋一

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌) (ISSN:03854221)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.11, pp.2098-2109, 2013-11-01 (Released:2013-11-01)

参考文献数

24

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In the selection of portraits for ID and a profile, it is useful to retrieve high quality facial images from a lot of portraits. In addition, overexposure may give a negative impact on us because overexposed facial parts look unnaturally white; therefore the recognition for qualitative meaning of overexposure is important for retrieval of high quality facial images. To get qualitative meaning by a image analysis method that can evaluate images quantitatively, it needs a quasi-quantitative evaluation method that can use an index of quantitative evaluation having qualitative meaning. In this paper, we investigated the index for quasi-quantitative estimation of overexposure in the facial image on the basis of the heuristic assumptions, and defined the index as the overexposure intensity (OI). We developed an algorithm with Support Vector Machine (SVM) for judging the OI. The results of experiment conducted with 11 evaluators for analyzing images suggest that the proposed method can retrieve a facial image for ID and the profile with an F-measure of 96.2%.

著者

Hiroki Namikawa Koichi Yamada Hiroki Fujimoto Ken-Ichi Oinuma Yoshihiro Tochino Yasuhiko Takemoto Yukihiro Kaneko Taichi Shuto Hiroshi Kakeya

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.14, pp.1807-1815, 2017-07-15 (Released:2017-07-15)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

18

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Objective In recent years, infection caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing organisms has become an important issue. However, comparative studies of the bacteremia caused by ESBL Enterobacteriaceae and non-ESBL Enterobacteriaceae are extremely rare in Japan. This study aimed to assess the risk factors and prognosis of patients with bacteremia due to ESBL Escherichia coli (E. coli). Methods The medical records of 31 patients with ESBL E. coli bacteremia and 98 patients with non-ESBL E. coli bacteremia who had been admitted to Osaka City University Hospital between January 2011 and June 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The patient backgrounds, risk factors for infection, and prognosis were evaluated. Results The male-to-female ratio, mean age, underlying disease, leukocyte count, and C-reactive protein (CRP) level did not differ between the patients in the ESBL E. coli bacteremia and non-ESBL E. coli bacteremia groups. The mean Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score for patients with ESBL and non-ESBL E. coli bacteremia were 3.6 and 3.8, respectively. Further, the mortality did not differ between the two groups (9.7% vs 9.2%). However, the independent predictors associated with ESBL E. coli bacteremia according to a multivariate analysis were the use of immunosuppressive drugs or corticosteroids (p=0.048) and quinolones (p=0.005) prior to isolation. The mortality did not differ between the carbapenem and tazobactam/piperacillin (TAZ/PIPC) or cefmetazole (CMZ) groups for the patients with ESBL E. coli bacteremia. Conclusion Whenever we encountered patients with a history of immunosuppressive drug, corticosteroid, quinolone administration, it was necessary to perform antibiotic therapy while keeping the risk of ESBL E. coli in mind.

著者

菅野 陽平 坂田 こずえ 中村 公亮 野口 秋雄 福田 のぞみ 鈴木 智宏 近藤 一成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品衛生学会

雑誌

食品衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:00156426)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.113-123, 2017-06-25 (Released:2017-07-07)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

8

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ツキヨタケは,シイタケやヒラタケ,ムキタケと誤認されやすい毒キノコの一種で,日本でのキノコによる食中毒の主要な原因キノコである.本研究では,ツキヨタケを迅速に判別する分子生物学的手法としてPCR-RFLPを用いた判別法を構築した.Sau96I, Bpu10I, SfcI, DrdI/HincIIの4組の制限酵素を用いたPCR-RFLPにより,有毒のツキヨタケと食用キノコのシイタケ,ムキタケ,ヒラタケを明確に判別することに成功した.また,加熱調理や消化によりDNAの一部が断片化した試料でも判別可能な200 bp程度の領域を対象としたShort PCR-RFLPも構築し,リアルタイムPCRによる確認試験法についても検討した.これらは,ツキヨタケが疑われる食中毒事例の原因究明に有効な検査法として有用と考えられた.

著者

Mohd G Sghaireen Ahed Alkhatib Rayan Alswilem Jin Toriya Akiko Mizohata Mohammed Alrowili Santosh Patil Naoto Osuga Mohammad Khursheed Alam

出版者

硬組織再生生物学会

雑誌

Journal of Hard Tissue Biology (ISSN:13417649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.293-296, 2017-07-01 (Released:2017-07-11)

参考文献数

28

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The objectives are to investigate the association between dental caries and H. pylori, the association between dental caries and smoking among Saudi students, and to investigate the association between smoking and H. pylori among students with dental caries. The present cross sectional study included 120 male students from Aljouf University. Participating students were clinically examined for dental caries. Urine samples were tested for cotinine and stool samples were tested for H. pylori. Both cotinine and H. pylori was tested using strips especially prepared based on antigen-antibody reaction (COT, Innovacon Inc., USA, Helicobacter antigen Quick, GA Inc, Germany). Statistical analysis was done using Chi-Square test. The mean age of study participants was 22.37±1.50 years. The mean of teeth with caries was 9.57±4.68. There were 93 (77.5%) students positive for H. pylori, and 100 (83.3%) positive for cotinine. There was a significant relationship between cotinine and caries (P=0.000), and H. pylori and dental caries (P=0.000). The co-existence of H. pylori and cotinine was also significant among cases with caries (P=0.000). The present study showed that cotinine and H. pylori were significantly associated with dental caries. The co-existence of both among cases with dental caries may be a new finding and may work synergistically with each other.

著者

Hae-Yong Lee Song-Hee Cheon Min-Sik Yong

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.6, pp.1054-1056, 2017 (Released:2017-06-07)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

8

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[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to examine effects of diaphragm breathing exercise applied on the basis overload principle on respiratory function. [Subjects and Methods] The subjects of this study were 35 normal adults. They were randomly assigned to two group; the maneuver-diaphragm exercise group and self-diaphragm exercise group. The respiratory function was evaluated using the CardioTouch 3000S (BIONET, Korea) as a pulmometry device. [Results] The maneuver-diaphragm exercise was more effective on functional vital capacity and forced expiratory volume at one second when compared to the self-diaphragm exercise. [Conclusion] According to the results of this study, although the self-diaphragm exercise did not show effects as much as the maneuver one, but the self-diaphragm exercise had a similar effects as the maneuver-diaphragm exercise. The self-diaphragmatic respiration applied on the basis of overload principle may be used as an effective respiratory exercise as a part of home respiration program.

著者

Sameera H. Aljadi Mashael Al-Shemmari Jumana Al-Ramzi Shoug Al-Abdullatif Zahraa Hajeyah Laila Jamal Sara Al-Bahar

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.6, pp.1014-1018, 2017 (Released:2017-06-07)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

8

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[Purpose] Interferential therapy and electrical stimulation are electrophysical modalities commonly used in physical therapy departments to treat patients with musculoskeletal problems. These machines are applied directly to the patient’s skin via a medium or electrodes, which can facilitate the transmission of microorganisms from one patient to another. The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of microorganism contamination in the machines sponges at physical therapy departments in Kuwait hospitals. [Subjects and Methods] Sixty samples comprising sponges from interferential therapy and electrical stimulation machines, and water from hot pack units were collected from 5 physical therapy departments in 5 different hospitals. The samples were analyzed at a Medical Laboratory to explore the extent and type of microorganisms present. [Results] Forty-one of the 60 samples (68.3%) were positive for microorganism contamination. Of the 41 contaminated samples, 28 (68.3%) were sponges and 13 (31.7%) were water samples. The major microorganisms found were Acinetobacter baumannii (21.9%), Serratia marcescens (12.2%), and Staphylococcus lentus (7.3%). [Conclusion] Interferential therapy and electrical stimulation in physical therapy departments have a high probability of causing cross contamination between patients. Physical therapists are encouraged to adhere to safety guidelines, such as disinfection management, disposal of used sponges, and regular sponge replacement.

著者

谷口 忠大 椹木 哲夫

出版者

一般社団法人 システム制御情報学会

雑誌

システム制御情報学会論文誌 (ISSN:13425668)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.12, pp.440-449, 2005-12-15 (Released:2011-10-13)

参考文献数

28

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This paper discusses a relationship between symbol emergence and embodiment. Symbol emergence is an alternative approach to overcome symbol grounding problem. We believe human beings' symbols constructed and held internally are originally based on our own embodiment. Therefore, autonomous social robots will also have to construct their own symbols by themselves. In addition to this, we have a nonlinear hypothesis about symbol emergence. To realize symbol emergence inside of autonomous robots, we propose Dual-Schemata model. This model enables an autonomous robot to generate its own symbols, called perceptional schemata, depending on its embodiment. In the end, we show that this symbol emergence has a nonlinear relationship with embodiment.

著者

山本 昭二

出版者

日本結晶学会

雑誌

日本結晶学会誌 (ISSN:03694585)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.6-11, 2007-02-28 (Released:2010-09-30)

参考文献数

14

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Recently a software package for the structure analysis of quasicrystals has been released, giving a better environment for determining guasicrystal structures. Therefore we can analyze their structures if we know data collection and indexing methods and a theory of structure analysis. At this occasion, their structure analysis and its recent development have shortly been reviewed.

著者

赤羽 恵一 飯本 武志 伊知地 猛 岩井 敏 大口 裕之 大野 和子 川浦 稚代 立崎 英夫 辻村 憲雄 浜田 信行 藤通 有希 堀田 豊 山崎 直 横山 須美

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.3, pp.153-156, 2014 (Released:2015-07-18)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

3 2

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A brief review is given of the history and methodology of external dosimetry for the lens of the eye. Under the 1989 revision to domestic radiological protection regulations, the concept on the effective dose equivalent and the dose limit to the lens of the eye (150 mSv/y) both introduced in the ICRP 1977 recommendations has changed nationwide the external monitoring methodology in non-uniform exposure situations to the trunk of a radiological worker. In such situations, which are often created by the presence of a protective apron, the worker is required to use at least two personal dosemeters, one worn on the trunk under the apron and the other, typically, at the collar over the apron. The latter dosemeter serves the dual purpose of providing the dose profile across the trunk for improved effective dose equivalent assessment and of estimating the dose to lens of the eye. The greater or appropriate value between Hp(10) and Hp(0.07), given by the dosemeter, is generally used as a surrogate of Hp(3) for recording the dose to the lens of the eye. The above-mentioned methodology was continued in the latest 2001 revision to the relevant regulations.

著者

澤柿 教伸 平川 一臣

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.4, pp.469-492, 1998-08-25 (Released:2010-10-13)

参考文献数

120

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Geomorphological and sedimentological processes beneath modern glaciers and ice sheet s have not been observed directly and are poorly understood. On the contrary, abundant glacial landscapes can be observed, which provide us with evidence about processes underway at the beds of the past ice sheets. Consequently, careful studies of glacial landforms and sediments provide a wealth of information of these processes.During the last decade, there have been various debates regarding subglacial landforms and their formation processes: drumlins is a major issue, and no satisfactorye xplanation of their mode of formation has yet been obtained. By overviewing recent research on the drumlin problem, this article attempts to draw attention to the major concepts and controversies behind the formation of subglacial landform, together with new developments in understanding the subglacial environment. The most recent explanations for drumlin formation have been examined in the light of our knowledge of the subglacial environment. In particular, J. Shaw and his co-workers draw attention to the significance and the implication of subglacial meltwater processes. They suggested that large-scale meltwater floods were responsible for the formation of some drumlins. Later, erosional drumlins, bedrock erosional marks, tunnel channels, and Rogen moraine were added to the forms resulting from catastrophic floods. Conversely, G.S. Boulton developed a semi-quantitative flow model for the deformation of rapidly deforming soft sediments (A-horizon) on the basis of field observations.The drumlin problem stands as a conspicuous instance of how much there is still to understand about the interplay of glacier motion, sediments, topography, and subglacial environmental conditions. It is thus emphasized that accumrate explanations of the complexities of subglacial environments are necessary to understand subglacial landform development, sediment deposition, and other geomorphic processes at the ice/bed interface, together with extraglacial effects of ice sheet dynamics on fluvial systems, marine sedimentation, ocean currents, and climate.