著者

Jong-Jin Baik Jong-Su Paek

出版者

(公社)日本気象学会

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.78, no.6, pp.857-869, 2000-12-25 (Released:2009-09-15)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

1 32

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バックプロパゲーション型ニューラルネットワークを使って、北西太平洋での熱帯低気圧の強度の変化を12,24,36,48,60,72時間について予測するモデルを開発した。用いたデータは、1983-1996の14年間の北西太平洋の熱帯低気圧に対する、低気圧の位置、強度、NCEP/NCARの再解析、それに海面水温である。ニューラルネットワークの予測因子は重線形回帰モデルの予測因子に基づいて選ばれた。回帰分析により、予測因子の一つ風の鉛直シアーが全ての予測時間に渡って一貫して重要であることを示した。予測因子として気候学的、持続的、総観的因子を用いたニューラルネットワークモデルによる平均予測誤差は、同じ予測因子を用いた重線形回帰モデルに比べて7-16さらに、予測因子として気候学的、持続的因子のみを用いたニューラルネットワークモデルの性能でさえも、総観的因子まで含んだ重線形回帰モデルの性能をわずかに上回った。ニューラルネットワークモデルの性能は14年間の全ての年について回帰モデルを上回るわけではないけれども、ニューラルネットワークモデルの方が良い年の方が逆の年よりもずっと多く、その傾向は短い予測時間の方が顕著である。感度実験により、ニューラルネットワークモデルの平均強度予測誤差は、隠れ層や隠れ層のニューロンの数には敏感ではないことを示した。しかし、熱帯低気圧強度予測のために、より良い隠れ層の構造を用いることにより、回帰モデルに比べてニューラルネットワークモデルをさらに改良する余地がいくらかある。この研究は、予測因子として気候学的、持続的、総観的因子を用いたニューラルネットワークモデルが熱帯低気圧の強度予報において有効な道具として使えることを示唆している。

著者

Yusuke Urabe Tamaki Yasuda Shuhei Maeda

出版者

(公社)日本気象学会

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.25-30, 2017 (Released:2017-03-02)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

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Since around 2013, the globally averaged sea surface temperature has rapidly warmed up and reached its highest on record. During this time, there was an intensifying El Niño event that caused positive temperature anomalies in the tropical Pacific Ocean. Compared with the conditions observed in 1997/98, when the previous highest record was marked associated with strong El Niño event, there were notable differences detected in the recent conditions. In the tropical Pacific, remarkable warming near sea surface associated with strong El Niño event in 2015/16 started from significantly warmed conditions along with positive temperature anomaly redistributed from the western part since early 2014, resulting in positive anomalies in the central to eastern part remaining for more than two years, much longer than 1997/98 event. In addition, substantial warming was observed in the North Pacific around 2013 and contribution of the North Pacific region to the global averaged SST anomaly marked significantly large value and was comparable to that of the tropical Pacific.

著者

橋本 英夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本繊維製品消費科学会

雑誌

繊維製品消費科学 (ISSN:00372072)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.3, pp.251-259, 2017-03-25 (Released:2017-03-25)

著者

工藤 典代

出版者

日本口腔・咽頭科学会

雑誌

口腔・咽頭科 (ISSN:09175105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.29-32, 2014-03-31 (Released:2014-08-20)

参考文献数

5

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口蓋扁桃摘出術は従来, 扁桃被膜の鑷子剥離と出血点の絹糸結紮で行っていたが, 現在は高周波凝固切開装置 (オートバイポーラ) を用い剥離と切離・摘出, 出血点の凝固を行っている. 前者を従来法, 後者を現法とし, 総手術時間 (摘出時間と止血時間) と出血量についての比較を, 扁摘経験による術者別に行った. その結果, 術者の経験を問わず, 手術時間も出血量もともに大きく短縮及び減少させることができた. 止血処置を要した術後出血は, 14年間の扁摘1,923例中, 25例 (1.3%) であった. アルゴンプラズマ凝固法を併用しはじめた年は4.1%であったが, 翌年以降には術後出血例は再び年間0から2例となり, 用いた手術機器による差は見られなかった.

著者

松本 大毅 広城 吉成 堤 敦 神野 健二 新井田 浩

出版者

Japan Society of Civil Engineers

雑誌

水工学論文集 (ISSN:09167374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, pp.127-132, 2005-02-01 (Released:2011-06-27)

参考文献数

11

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Sayanokami spring water exists in the new campus of Kyushu University, which is located on the western part of Fukuoka City. This spring water is one of the important water resources for agriculture around the new campus area. The construction of the new campus started last June, 2000. In this study, to understand the hydrological properties of the Sayanokami circumference, 222Rn and tritium were used as tracers, respectively. Consequently, it was found out that the residence time of Sayanokami spring water is 10-20 years. Moreover, the residence time and the catchment area of Sayanokami spring water were estimated using groundwater flow model. As a result, the residence time of Sayanokami spring water was evaluated to be about 25 years at most and the catchment area was specified. It is concluded that the accuracy of estimation of residence time and catchment area of the spring water can be improved by analysis of radioactive isotopes and groundwater flow model.

著者

窪田 正幸

出版者

日本外科系連合学会

雑誌

日本外科系連合学会誌 (ISSN:03857883)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.5, pp.1056-1058, 2015 (Released:2016-10-31)

参考文献数

3

著者

平川 浩文 長坂 有

出版者

日本霊長類学会

雑誌

霊長類研究 Supplement 第29回日本霊長類学会・日本哺乳類学会2013年度合同大会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.111, 2013 (Released:2014-02-14)

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コテングコウモリは春,残雪上のくぼみや穴でときおり発見されている.2010年の哺乳類学会にて,詳細を把握できた 13例の分析に基いて,冬眠の可能性が高いことを報告した.その後も情報収集を進め,2013年春までの 3年間に新たに 15の発見例が加わり,全部で 28例となった.この内,最新の 10例はすべて,発表者の二人が 2013年春に探して見つけたものである.今回の 10例より前には,1例を除いてすべて偶然の発見で,発見時に例外なくコウモリを手にとるなどの干渉が行われ,コウモリを元の場に戻した場合でもその後の経過観察が行われた例はなかった.探して見つけた 2007年の1例についてはコウモリに触れることなくしばらく観察が行われたものの,その後の経過観察は行われなかった.今回,研究目的で探索して 10例の発見に成功し,撹乱を避けた経過観察が初めて行われた.10例の内,1例はすでに死亡していたことが最終的に判明した.残り9例の内 1例を除いては発見時,体の動きがみられず休眠状態にあったと考えられた.発見後,撹乱を避けて観察を続けた結果,日没後 46分から 94分の間にその場を離れるのが確認された.その前には,顔を上げ,周囲を見回す仕草が確認できた.それまでの間,時々姿勢変化があった例も,まったくなかった例もあった.8例については穴から飛び去る瞬間も確認され,1例では飛び立ち時の写真撮影にも成功した.4例については,赤外線サーモグラフィ装置によって,その場を離れるまでの間,体温が上昇する過程を観察できた.5例については,翌朝,同じ穴に戻っていないことが確認された.さらに,1例は発見時の穴の形状から,穴が積雪下で形成され,コウモリが雪の中にいたことが強く示唆された.4例では,発見時,雨で体毛が濡れていたものの飛び立ちが確認されたことから,休眠中の雨濡れは生存の決定的な障害とはならないことがわかった.

著者

藤木 庸介 柏原 誉 山村 高淑

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.629, pp.1499-1506, 2008-07-30 (Released:2009-09-30)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

2

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The objectives of this research are to understand the use of traditional houses, to identify the associated tourism impact from the standpoint of maintaining houses in the World Heritage Site, the Old Town of Lijiang, Yunnan Province, China. This is part of an investigation of the problems related to the rapid development of tourism and its pressures on the Old Town of Lijiang, focusing on the use of traditional houses. The findings revealed that the following three points were influencing the transformation of the use of traditional houses.1) The place transformation of each function, such as living, guest room, and etc. in the traditional houses.2) The area transformation of each function, such as living, guest room, and etc. in the traditional houses.3) The social transformation surrounding the traditional houses in the Old Town of Lijiang.

著者

熊川 真二 中田 和義 川井 唯史

出版者

日本ベントス学会

雑誌

日本ベントス学会誌 (ISSN:1345112X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.1, pp.26-32, 2011-10-15 (Released:2012-10-11)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 1

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Official documents and archives suggest that the alien crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852) was introduced into Japan from North America on five occasions from 1926 to 1930, and populations have survived in Hokkaido, Nagano, and Shiga Prefectures. The chemical conditions and biological environment of an established habitat near their original a release point in Akashina, Azumino City, Nagano Prefecture, were surveyed on four occasions in 1998 and 1999. Water quality (pH, DO, BOD) and WT were recorded seasonally at each of eight stations, and crayfish and other aquatic macro-organisms were collected. Some predatory fishes (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Anguilla japonica, and Lepomis macrochirus) that might actively eat juveniles of P. leniusculus were recorded. Individual density of P. leniusculus was relatively low compared to its other habitats in Japan. Only 52 crayfish were collected during this study, on 19 of 32 sampling occasions (eight sites, four times each). The shape of the acumen and the species composition of ectosymbiotic crayfish worms (Annelida: Clitellata: Branchiobdellidae) can be used as tools to trace the origin of introduced of P. leniusculus in Japan. The present crayfish from Nagano Prefecture have a relatively short acumen, different from those of specimens from Shiga and Hokkaido Prefectures. Furthermore, the crayfish worm Xironogiton victoriensis occurs only on crayfish from Akashina, Nagano Prefecture. The dates of introduction of P. leniusculus in Nagano (1926, 1929) also differ from those for Hokkaido (1930) and Shiga Prefecture (1926). These findings suggest that the regional population of P. leniusculus in Nagano has a different origin than those in Shiga and Hokkaido, having originated from crayfish that were introduced independently from North America.

著者

澤田 結基 武田 一夫 川辺 百樹 藤山 広武

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.120, no.5, pp.853-863, 2011-10-25 (Released:2012-01-17)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

4 8

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We conducted an experimental geotour, which was monitored by professional nature guides, to improve our geotour plan and guiding techniques. We asked the nature guides to fill out a questionnaire and give advices to improve the geotours. The experimental geotours were conducted at the Shikaribestu volcano group and Shikaribetu Lake in central Hokkaido, Japan. We explained the geological history of the volcano group and the mechanism of cold talus slopes filled with ice, in as simple terms as possible. However, the nature guides judged our geotours to be “rather difficult”, indicating that our plan and interpretation need to be improved. Based on the results of questionnaires and comments from the nature guides, we propose some ideas to improve the geotour in general: (1) Eliminate technical terms where possible in the explanations; (2) Use clear figures and pictures in explanations; and, (3) Make a story to connect all the geosites included in a tour. To improve guidebooks: (1) Use bird's-eye view map or other 3D maps instead of contour maps to make it easy to understand the landform; (2) Add glossary of technical terms and scale of geologic time; and, (3) Send the guidebook to participants before the geotour. These ideas may help to deepen the participant's' understanding and to achieve high-level of satisfaction among participants.

著者

岩間 英夫

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.1, pp.87-101, 1997-02-25 (Released:2009-11-12)

参考文献数

31

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This study attempts to identify internal formation processes of the Muroran steel industrial community by complex steel mills in Hokkaido, the first iron-works of private enterprise in Japan.It then constracts an internal formation process of single manufacturing communities by comparing Muroran with the Kamaishi iron mining-manufacturing region in Iwate Prefecture, the Ube coal mining-manufacturing region in Yamaguchi Prefecture, and the Hitachi copper mining-electrical manufacturing region in Ibaraki Prefecture.The results of the study are summarized as follows.1) Internal formation processes of the Muroran steel industrial community has lead to the following results.1. Muroran started its business as a modern steel industry. Manufacturing community of the Nippon Steel Works consists of a company community and the surrounding affiliated community. A company community of the Nippon Steel Works formed a unipolar concentric zonal structure, in which a productive, a commercial service, and a residential functions were located around the office. The Muroran ironworks formed manufacturing community of a unipolar zonal structure. A unipolar concentric zonal structure corresponds with the cases of Kamaishi, Ube and Hitachi.2. Muroran formed manufacturing city of multipolar zonal structure with two company communities.3. When the system of making steel from are in the same plant was introduced, the Muroran iron works community grew into twice the size while maintaining a unipolar concentric zonal structure. It is termed an expanded unipolar concentric zonal structure. Muroran formed manufacturing city of a multi-expanded polar concentric zonal structure with two company communities.4. A expanded polar concentric zonal structure of the Muroran iron works grew and included a unipolar concentric zonal structure of the Nippon Steel Works. It is formed a core concentric zonal structure. By the enlargement of a productive functions, commercial service and residential districts was spread into the surrounding community. As a result, Muroran formed large manufacturing city of a core concentric zonal structure.5. The steel industry declined. But residential districts was expand into the surrounding community, because both employees and retired peoples established their own houses on the outskirts, resulting in the expansion of urbanized area. The affiliated community on the central lowland grew into the Central Business District. Muroran formed city.6. The above analyses lead to an internal structure model of the Muroran single miningmanufacturing community as proposed in Fig. 5.2) The comparison of Muroran with the Kamaishi, Ube and Hitachi has lead to the following results.1. Whereas Ube and Hitachi have developed from a unipolar to a multipolar and to a core concentric zonal structure, steel industry communities experienced different stages. Kmaishi, restricted by topographical features, stays in a unipolar concentric zonal structure, Whereas Muroran with a enough space developed from a unipolar to a core concentric zonal structure.2. A expanded polar concentric zonal structure was caused by the establishment of the system to produce steel from ore in the same plant. This structure shares an essentially same character with a unipolar concentric zonal structure. Therefore, general internal formation process of single manufacturing communities developed basically from a unipolar concentric zonal structure, to a multipolar and to a core concentric zonal structure.3. The internal formation process model of a single manufacturing community by complex steel mills is proposed in Fig. 6.4. An internal formation process of a single manufacturing community by a steel industry is summarized into Fig. 7-A, while the model of complex steel mills is proposed in Fig. 7-B.

著者

和辻 智郎

出版者

日本微生物生態学会

雑誌

日本微生物生態学会誌 (ISSN:24241989)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.4-5, 2017-03-01 (Released:2017-04-12)

参考文献数

6

著者

宮川 桂子 尾島 俊之

出版者

日本公衆衛生学会

雑誌

日本公衆衛生雑誌 (ISSN:05461766)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.3, pp.208-209, 2006 (Released:2014-07-08)

参考文献数

7

著者

浜崎 正信 村尾 安一

出版者

一般社団法人 溶接学会

雑誌

溶接学会誌 (ISSN:00214787)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.5, pp.259-264, 1978-05-05 (Released:2011-08-05)

参考文献数

10

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Authors have been developing a consumable electrode water jet technique and automatic oxy-arc cutting technique for the underwater cutting method. But the drawback of these cutting technique is that cut surface is to be re-machined by other cutting technique for welding, and therefore studied underwater gas cutting technique in order to obtain a cut surface which is able to be welded underwater without any post machining. results obtained are as follow;(1) With use of water curtain nozzle, flame are well stabilized without use of air as a protecting gas.(2) For the underwater flame ignition, the new method in which spark generates near nozzle using high frequency ionizer is developed with successful result.(3) In the underwater cutting of 9 mm to 50 mm thick mild steel, cutting speeds are almost the same compared with surface cutting.(4) Dross which attaches to bottom side can be removed easily light hammering.(5) Cut surface is pretty, therefore underwater butt and fillet welding can be carried out as it is, and welds show satisfactory results

著者

山本 宏 下里 功 岡田 正紀

出版者

日本化粧品技術者会

雑誌

日本化粧品技術者会誌 (ISSN:03875253)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.26-32, 1998-03-20 (Released:2010-08-06)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

4

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我々は, 官能評価, 毛髪表在脂肪酸分析, 頭のヘッドスペース分析結果より, 通常生活者の頭のニオイ原因物質は, 皮膚常在菌が産生する脂質分解酵素リパーゼにより皮脂中のトリグリセライドが分解されて生じる主に低級から高級にいたる脂肪酸類であると考える。我々は, 微生物及び試薬リパーゼによるトリグリセライド分解による脂肪酸生成モデルを開発, このモデルを評価法として用い, 種々の香料について, 脂肪酸生成に与える影響を調べた。その結果, 脂肪酸生成を抑制する数多くの香料を見いだし, それらの香料を賦香したシャンプー及びリンスの実際使用における頭のニオイ抑制効果を確認した。また, 微生物やリパーゼの作用により, いくつかの香料が脂肪酸と反応してエステルを生成することを見いだした。

著者

緒方 博之

出版者

日本微生物生態学会

雑誌

日本微生物生態学会誌 (ISSN:24241989)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.2-4, 2017-03-01 (Released:2017-04-12)

参考文献数

9

著者

篠原 一之 西谷 正太

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.4, pp.303-309, 2012-12-31 (Released:2013-12-20)

参考文献数

72

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Whether pheromone signaling exists in humans is still a matter of intense discussion. In this review, the likelihood of pheromonal communication in humans is assessed with a discussion of the vomeronasal system is functional in humans; and the possible ways pheromones operate in humans. Although the vomeronasal organ (VNO), a putative pheromone receptor organ, has been implicated in the reception of pheromones in many vertebrates, it is not the only pathway through which such information has access to the central nervous system. In fact, the main olfactory system also detects pheromones. In addition, an important caveat for humans is that critical components typically found within the functioning vomeronasal system of other, nonprimate, mammals are lacking, suggesting that the human vomeronasal system does not function in the way that has been described for other mammals. Therefore, linking detection of pheromones with the vomeronasal system as pheromones is a non sequitur. Thus, in the years since the introduction of pheromones, the extensiveness of the concept has expanded. In a broader perspective, pheromones can be classified as primers, signalers, modulators, and releasers. Examples include affects on the menstrual cycle (primer effects); olfactory recognition of newborn by its mother (signaler effects); individuals may exude different odors based on mood (suggestive of modulator effects); breast crawl of newborn (releaser effects).

著者

綿抜 豊昭

出版者

俳文学会

雑誌

連歌俳諧研究 (ISSN:03873269)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1985, no.68, pp.1-7, 1985-01-31 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

7

著者

長 郁夫 多田 卓 篠崎 祐三

出版者

社団法人 物理探査学会

雑誌

物理探査 (ISSN:09127984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.6, pp.457-468, 2008 (Released:2014-05-09)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

14 15

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上下動地震計を半径0.3mの円周上に配置した極小アレイで常時微動の波形データを取得し,我々が近年開発したCCA法という解析手法をこれに適用したところ,数10mあるいは100m以上の波長領域に至るまで,レーリー波の位相速度を良好な精度で同定することができた。この方法を,レーリー波位相速度を地下浅部の平均S波速度と関連づける紺野・片岡 (2000) の提案と組みわせれば,極小円形アレイを用いた簡便な微動測定により,表層地盤の特性を手早く評価することが可能になると期待される。以上の手順は,一人の観測者の手の届く程度のわずかなスペースさえあれば,微動観測により地下数10mまでの平均S波速度が推定できるという意味で,既存のアレイ探査法と比べ画期的な利点を有する。実際,茨城県つくば市内の3サイトで取得した微動アレイ記録に上記の新しい探査法を適用し,地下10, 20, 30mまでの平均S波速度を推定したところ,PS検層結果や地質構造と調和的な推定結果を得ることができた。

著者

臼井 勝美 安岡 昭男 池井 優 波多野 澄雄 増田 弘 宇野 重昭 横山 宏章 中見 立夫 植田 隆子 佐々木 雄太 油井 大三郎 福田 茂夫 草間 秀三郎 佐藤 信一

出版者

財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1979, no.61-62, pp.2-107,L4, 1979-05-25 (Released:2010-09-01)

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The Japan Association of International Relations, which was established in 1956, considers one of its main objectives to contribute to the progress of the study of the history of international relations, in paticular to research into the history of Japanese diplomacy. Japan's Road to the Pacific War is a representative example of what can be done by the joint endeavour of this association.We would like to point out, as a specific characteristics of recent research on the history of international relations, firstly, a tendency to remove the limitations which are encountered by a study of so called “diplomatic history” in isolation from everything else.We would like to examine the change from the move traditional approaches, which have emphasized only bilateral or multilateral relations between states, to the more modern, original approaches. The interest of researchers will be to cover a wide area of historical phenomena, such as the political decision-making process, public opinion, economic pressure groups and the process of communication amongst other things.The second characteristic has been the flowering of collaborative reserch between Japanese and foreign scholars, and we are now receiving the excellent results of their labours. For instance, the conference at Lake Kawaguchi in 1969, the result of which was, “The history of Japanese-American Relations, 1931-41” is a representative example of this trend. However, it is regrettable that the participants in these collaborative research projects have been mainly limited to Japanese and American scholars. It is to be hoped that, in future, there will be further opportunities for collaborative research and conferences not only with American scholars, but also with scholars from China, England, Korea, the Soviet Union and South East Asia.We hope the future tendency of research will be for the themes of the role and limitation of the individual in international affairs, as well as the problem of individual responsibility, to become the common interest of scholars.We hope that, in future, the increasing variety of scholarship will not become merely scattered and diffused.