著者

青木 朋子

出版者

日本生理人類学会

雑誌

日本生理人類学会誌 (ISSN:13423215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.167-171, 2014-08-25 (Released:2017-07-28)

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Many of our daily activities, especially dexterous manipulative actions, rely heavily on the remarkable versatility of our hands. Everyday experience infers that individual fingers differ in their facility of usage. A review of the literature revealed that the motor capacity of individual fingers in terms of isometric force generation is different. It was also found that information about dynamic motor ability of individual fingers is sparse. The overall purpose of our studies, I review in this paper, is to investigate the dynamic motor function of individual fingers in human by means of tapping tasks.

著者

奥山 朋子 寺内 康夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本糖尿病学会

雑誌

糖尿病 (ISSN:0021437X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.8, pp.522-524, 2013 (Released:2013-09-07)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2

著者

佐野 昌典 菅原 冬樹 田中 修

出版者

日本きのこ学会

雑誌

日本応用きのこ学会誌 (ISSN:13453424)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.4, pp.161-170, 2001-12-25 (Released:2018-04-20)

参考文献数

9

被引用文献数

1

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シュレッダーで2ミリ角に細断した段ボールを,5種のキノコ,クモギタケ,ヒラタケ,エノキタケ,ブナシメジ,エリンギの栽培に,100パーセントおが粉に変わる素材として用いることを試みた.菌糸の増殖,子実体形成までの日数,子実体収量について,おが粉,段ボールを培養素材とした場合を比較検討した.その結果,クモギタケとヒラタケの菌糸増殖,子実体形成までの栽培日数,子実体収量は,段ボールの培養基材により,良い傾向が見られた.また,他の3種のキノコも,2種の培養基材により,培養日数に差が生じる傾向は見られなかった.しかし,段ボールの培地によって子実体収量が増加する傾向を示した.

著者

小池 都 村上 泉子 丹野 修

出版者

日本香粧品学会

雑誌

日本香粧品学会誌 (ISSN:18802532)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.81-89, 2013-06-30 (Released:2014-07-16)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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We determined skin properties and morphological characteristics in the neck and décolleté in 90 Japanese women aged 22–76 years old, then analyzed age-related changes and differences in those areas as compared to skin of the face. Our results showed that skin in the décolleté had higher water content, as well as lower TEWL and sebum levels as compared to the cheek, with the same tendency seen in the neck, e.g., the sebum-water balance in the skin of the neck and décolleté areas was greatly different from that in the skin of the cheek. Furthermore, in subjects aged 40 years and older, sebum levels and skin color lightness were significantly decreased in the neck and décolleté areas, while wrinkle morphology was also markedly different, suggesting that these areas showed marked alterations in women in their 40s, which may be attributed to the effects of ultraviolet (UV) to change skin elasticity and color. The shape of the neck and lower jaw area was also markedly changed in subjects aged 60 years older, indicating that subcutaneous tissue might exert varying age-dependent effects on lower jaw morphology.

著者

岡田 真知夫

出版者

首都大学東京都市教養学部人文・社会系 東京都立大学人文学部

雑誌

人文学報. フランス文学 (ISSN:03868729)

巻号頁・発行日

no.377, pp.1-14, 2006-03

著者

寺谷 亮司

出版者

The Human Geographical Society of Japan

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.1, pp.6-22, 1989-02-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

66

被引用文献数

1 1 2

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This paper aims to clarify the development process of a frontier urban settlement from its beginning with special reference to its changes in urban function. Takikawa is a central city with 50, 000 inhabitants in the Naka-Sorachi Region where agriculture (rice) and mining (coal) form an inportant economic base. Takikawa was one of the earliest settlements in inland Hokkaido. It is blessed with water transportation, located at the junction of the Ishikari River and the Sorachi River. As a result of this study, it was discerned that there are three stages in the changes of urban function in Takikawa City. They are as follows:1) First stage; gateway city (1886-97)In 1886, Takikawa was selected as the base site for road construction of National Route 12 which started from this point. And in 1887, it was determined that a tonden-hei-son (pioneer column settlement) would be established here, which was completed in 1890. The first Takikawa settlements were at the river ports site, namely Sorachihuto and Shinhatoba. These two river ports had the depots in which the materials for construction workers were stored. Furthermore, the traders in Takikawa expanded their tributary areas to the Kamikawa Region, which is 50km away upstream along the Ishikari River, with the openning of the railroad in 1892. In this period, therefore, Takikawa had a gateway function which was connecting newly-opened inland frontier to the settled regions by transport and wholesaling.2) Second stage; central place city (1898-1954)In 1898, the railroad was extended up to Asahikawa, which took on the gateway funtion in the northern and eastern regions of Hokkaido. Accordingly, Takikawa lost its long distance trade with these regions and it began to put stress on retailing activities within the Naka-sorachi Region. Traders in Takikawa began to specialize in dealing instead of managing Aramono-sho (general stores) and they strengthened the controlling power over their tributary areas in the Naka-sorachi Region through collecting and distributing. The two river ports were abandoned and the commercial centers were built around the focus of the railroad station. In addition, several governmental offices controlling the Naka-sorachi Region were also opened in Takikawa. Takikawa functioned as the central place city in the Naka-sorachi Region throughout this period.3) Third stage; economically advanced city (1955-)Throughout this period, the most important change of commercial activities in Takikawa has been the agglomeration of branch offices of large enterprises from the outside. In 1985, these branch offices accounted for 43.7% of total wholesale sales and 39.7% of total retail sales in Takikawa. This indicates that there was a decline of local commercial capital which played the main role of central place function before.To sum up the above discussion, there are three different functions in the course of urban development of frontier settlements: a gateway function for the first stage, a central place function for the second, and an agglomeration function for the last (Fig. 5).

著者

乾 敏郎

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会研究会資料 言語・音声理解と対話処理研究会 85回 (2019/3) (ISSN:09185682)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.S04, 2019-03-01 (Released:2021-06-28)

著者

Hiroki Fujita Atsushi Teramoto Hiroyori Fusagawa Toshihiko Yamashita and Paulo Selber

出版者

The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine

雑誌

Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine (ISSN:24321354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.20230029, 2023 (Released:2023-09-20)

参考文献数

16

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Background: There are numerous etiologies relating to physeal arrest. The clinical manifestations of physeal arrest may include limb length discrepancy (LLD) and bone malalignment, especially in younger children with more growth ahead of them.Case: We performed three-dimensional gait analysis (3DGA) four times over a 13-year period in a boy aged from 9 to 22 years who was suffering from LLD and genu valgum. At the final follow-up, the patient’s LLD and coronal malalignment had been ameliorated on radiographic findings after multiple corrective surgeries, including the use of external fixation. In 3DGA, the patient’s Gait Profile Score (GPS) at age 12.5 years was poorest at 12.4°, improving to 8.4° at age 22.3, a change of 2.5 times the minimal clinically important difference. Assessment of kinetics showed a mean knee coronal moment during the stance phase of 0.17 (varus) and 0.20 (valgus) Nm/kg at the ages of 18.6 and 22.3 years, respectively. Importantly, this revealed significant improvement from the perspective of knee coronal moment (P <0.001).Discussion: This is the first report of long-term follow-up 3DGA using GPS in a patient undergoing multiple corrective surgeries for LLD and genu valgum. Although both LLD and genu valgum improved, gait function did not normalize. This shows that focusing on radiographic findings alone may not lead to improved patient outcomes and indicates the value of gait function assessment.

著者

原 俊彦

出版者

日本人口学会

雑誌

人口学研究 (ISSN:03868311)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, pp.69-72, 2018 (Released:2018-10-15)

著者

小根山 裕之 新倉 聡 柳原 正実 大口 敬

出版者

東京大学生産技術研究所

雑誌

生産研究 (ISSN:0037105X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.3, pp.269-274, 2020-05-01 (Released:2020-06-13)

参考文献数

8

被引用文献数

2

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信号灯器位置の違いによる運転挙動の違いを実車実験により実証することを目的に,東京大学柏キャンパスの生産技術研究所(当時,千葉実験所)の試験走路を用いて,far とnear の信号灯器位置の違いによる運転者の挙動の違いを実証分析する.青信号表示終了時の切替り時の通過・停止の判断は,far に比べてnear では停止線から離れていても通過を判断し,最終通過時刻が遅くなること,青信号表示開始時の発進挙動に交差側信号表示の視認性による違いが見られること,および,青信号表示終了時に対応直進車両の停止を確認後の右折挙動では,near の右折開始がfar より1 秒ほど遅いことが確認された.

著者

河野 俊之

出版者

日本語教育方法研究会

雑誌

日本語教育方法研究会誌 (ISSN:18813968)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.12-13, 1996

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It is pointed out that in textbooks based on a communicative approach, the amount of grammatical items at early stages is very large and the learner's load might be very great since they aim at introducing natural conversations as a very early stage. Thus this study investigated the amount of grammatical items in main Japanese textbooks for beginners. The results showed that even in sentence pattern oriented textbooks, the amount of grammatical items is very large at early stages and it varies greatly at later stages.

著者

谷口 洋 坂本 剛 鈴木 重明

出版者

日本神経治療学会

雑誌

神経治療学 (ISSN:09168443)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.4, pp.661-665, 2021 (Released:2022-04-28)

参考文献数

16

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The effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors has become clear, and its indication is expanding. Contrary to its effects, immune related adverse events (irAE) have become a problem. Neurologic irAE are relatively rare, yet potentially fatal. Neurologists should make appropriate diagnoses and treatments.

著者

安 昭炫 Sohyun Ahn

出版者

同志社大学

巻号頁・発行日

2022

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source:https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB13194892/?lang=0

著者

戸根 裕士 Hiroshi Tone

出版者

同志社大学

巻号頁・発行日

2022

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Doshisha University

著者

舘内 魁生

出版者

Tohoku University

巻号頁・発行日

2022

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課程

著者

榊原 時生 仰木 裕嗣

出版者

バイオメカニズム学会

雑誌

バイオメカニズム学会誌 (ISSN:02850885)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.3, pp.172-179, 2023 (Released:2023-09-08)

参考文献数

20

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脳卒中患者による Box and Block Test(BBT)中の手先軌道を計測し,試行中のブロックを運んでいる期間(運搬相) における躍度を算出した.患者にはこれを一定の期間をおいた後,再度実施してもらう同様の計測を行った.ピンチ地点とリ リース地点の局面について躍度最小モデルによって推定したもっとも滑らかといえる躍度変化と,実測に計測された軌道から 算出した実測躍度との類似度を動的時間伸縮法により算出し,それを滑らかさの指標(mDtwq)とした.結果,BBT における 手先の移動軌跡の mDtwq は,回復過程において減少した.また,被験者間の mDtwq の分散の等価性についても有意差が認め られ,そのばらつきも減少したことから,手先の移動軌跡はより滑らかに変化していくことが示された.

著者

高田 兼太

出版者

伊丹市昆虫館

雑誌

伊丹市昆虫館研究報告 (ISSN:21877076)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, pp.7-10, 2016-03-31 (Released:2019-11-11)

著者

太子堂 正称

出版者

The Japanese Society for the History of Economic Thought

雑誌

経済学史学会年報 (ISSN:04534786)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.43, pp.52-67, 2003 (Released:2010-08-05)

参考文献数

27

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The purpose of this paper is to compare the arguments of D. Hume and A. Smith with those of F. A. Hayek, a representative of modern liberalism, based on analysis of the justice theory, and to explain common ideas and differences between them.While the thought of Hayek is based on a Kantian position, that of Hume and Smith is based on Scottish tradition. They share, however, a common viewpoint of “Empirical natural jurisprudence.” As such, although they differ in their ideological bases, there are ways in which Hayek paid close attention to Hume and Smith.Hayek names his liberalism “anti-rationalism” and believes Hume and Smith to be his pioneers. The arguments of these three philosophers have in common the concept of a negative justice theory based on the natural law tradition. Hayek inherited the idea of “the sense of justice” from Hume's notion of “a general sense of common interest” grounded on “conventions.” In addition, he succeeded in criticizing the “man of system” who will design or construct social order by a human's pure reason, and Smith's concept of a “great society.”While these three philosophers dismiss the notion of a human's pure reason (ex., Descartes), the foundation of reason from a theological perspective (ex., Hutcheson), and law positivism (ex., Kelsen), they ask for an historical and secular formation of the foundation of a natural law (or natural jurisprudence). The above constitutes their “Empirical natural jurisprudence”. The traditions of natural law before Hume were based entirely on teleology or Platonism. But Hume and Smith eliminated both teleology and Platonism from their notion of natural jurisprudence. Hayek inherited this perspective from both and combined it with his Kantian position. More specifically, Hayek's social theory belongs to a genealogy of natural jurisprudence that has historical and Kantian-transcendental character. “The sense of justice” that is historically formulated operates as a “Kantian-regulative idea.”The justice theories of Hayek, Hume, and Smith are all based on the “limited generosity” of humans, a “scarcity of a sufficient means of desire, ” and “self-interest.” For the three philosophers, general “law” appears to be a “reasonable expectation” formed over the long run throughout history.There are, however, differences among these three with regard to what they believed to be the appropriate role of government and to “cultural evolution.” Although Hayek believes in the idea of spontaneous order, in which evolution occurs as an unintended result of human action, Hume and Smith were deeply aware of the need for artificial roles in the evolution of various institutions.In Hayek's theory, there is no concept of “sympathy” or “virtue, ” as seen in Hume and Smith. This point greatly separates both Hume and Smith from Hayek. If we compare Hume and Smith, Smith respected virtue more than Hume, and Hume considered custom to be more important than did Smith. Such differences in their theory result from methodological differences, and they are important to their differences in their social theory, especially concerning the problems of government and the public sphere. Smith's concept of “sympathy” was more sophisticated than that of Hume, and he established the unique concept of an impartial spectator. In contrast, Hayek developed the idea of abstract knowledge (based on Kantian-apriorism).

著者

福田眞人

出版者

名古屋大学

雑誌

言語文化論集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.1, 2002-11-15

著者

小松 彦三郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本数学会

雑誌

数学 (ISSN:0039470X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.3, pp.193-212, 1973-07-31 (Released:2008-12-25)

参考文献数

5