著者
Shinya Kimura Toshihiko Sato Shunya Ikeda Mitsuhiko Noda Takeo Nakayama
出版者
日本疫学会
雑誌
Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.5, pp.413-419, 2010-09-05 (Released:2010-09-16)
参考文献数
17
被引用文献数
39 257

Background: Health insurance claims (ie, receipts) record patient health care treatments and expenses and, although created for the health care payment system, are potentially useful for research. Combining different types of receipts generated for the same patient would dramatically increase the utility of these receipts. However, technical problems, including standardization of disease names and classifications, and anonymous linkage of individual receipts, must be addressed.Methods: In collaboration with health insurance societies, all information from receipts (inpatient, outpatient, and pharmacy) was collected. To standardize disease names and classifications, we developed a computer-aided post-entry standardization method using a disease name dictionary based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 classifications. We also developed an anonymous linkage system by using an encryption code generated from a combination of hash values and stream ciphers. Using different sets of the original data (data set 1: insurance certificate number, name, and sex; data set 2: insurance certificate number, date of birth, and relationship status), we compared the percentage of successful record matches obtained by using data set 1 to generate key codes with the percentage obtained when both data sets were used.Results: The dictionary’s automatic conversion of disease names successfully standardized 98.1% of approximately 2 million new receipts entered into the database. The percentage of anonymous matches was higher for the combined data sets (98.0%) than for data set 1 (88.5%).Conclusions: The use of standardized disease classifications and anonymous record linkage substantially contributed to the construction of a large, chronologically organized database of receipts. This database is expected to aid in epidemiologic and health services research using receipt information.
著者
Ashraf Ramadan Hafez Ahmed H. Al-Johani Abdul Rahim Zakaria Abdulaziz Al-Ahaideb Syamala Buragadda Ganeswara Rao Melam Shaji J. Kachanathu
出版者
理学療法科学学会
雑誌
Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.11, pp.1401-1405, 2013 (Released:2013-12-11)
参考文献数
58
被引用文献数
8 33

[Purpose] To assess the effect of hamstring and quadriceps strengthening exercises on pain intensity, gait velocity, maximum isometric strength, and activities of daily living of patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA). [Subjects and Methods] A total of 20 patients with knee OA, 50 to 65 years of age (57.65 ± 4.78 years), received hot packs, strengthening exercises for the quadriceps and the hamstring muscles and stretching exercises for hamstring muscles. Outcome measures included: the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA index questionnaire (WOMAC) scores for assessing health status and health outcomes of knee OA; self-reported pain intensity scores, measured using a visual analogue scale; the 50 ft walk test (a measure of gait velocity and function); and handheld dynamometry (a tool used to measure maximum isometric strength of knee extension and flexion). [Results] There was a significant difference between pre- and post-intervention measures of pain intensity, 50 ft walk times, hamstring strength, and quadriceps strength. Significant differences in WOMAC measures were also observed in the subscales of pain, stiffness and physical function, as well as WOMAC total scores. [Conclusion] Strengthening the hamstring muscles in addition to strengthening the quadriceps muscles proved to be beneficial for perceived knee pain, range of motion, and decreasing the limitation of functional performance of patients with knee OA.
著者
Ahmed H Al-Johani Shaji John Kachanathu Ashraf Ramadan Hafez Abdulaziz Al-Ahaideb Abdulrahman D Algarni Abdulmohsen Meshari Alroumi Aqeel M. Alenazi
出版者
理学療法科学学会
雑誌
Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.26, no.6, pp.817-820, 2014 (Released:2014-06-30)
参考文献数
47
被引用文献数
4 25

[Purpose] Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is the most common form of joint disease. It is one of the major causes of impaired function that reduces quality of life (QOL) worldwide. The purpose of this study was to compare exercise treatments for hamstring and quadriceps strength in the management of knee osteoarthritis. [Subjects and Methods] Forty patients with OA knee, aged 50–65 years were divided into 2 groups. The first group (57.65±4.78 years) received hot packs and performed strengthening exercises for the quadriceps and hamstring, and stretching exercises for the hamstring. The second group (58.15±5.11 years) received hot packs and performed strengthening exercises for only the quadriceps, and stretching exercise for the hamstring. Outcome measures were the WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA index questionnaire), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) assessment of pain, the Fifty-Foot Walk Test (FWS), and Handheld dynamometry. [Results] There was a significant difference between the groups. The first group showed a more significant result than the second group. [Conclusion] Strengthening of the hamstrings in addition to strengthening of the quadriceps was shown to be beneficial for improving subjective knee pain, range of motion and decreasing the limitation of functional performance of patients with knee osteoarthritis.
著者
Ai HORI Kiwamu HANAZONO Kenjirou MIYOSHI Tetsuya NAKADE
出版者
公益社団法人 日本獣医学会
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.14-0359, (Released:2015-03-16)
被引用文献数
2 8

Porencephaly is the congenital cerebral defect and a rare malformation and described few MRI reports in veterinary medicine. MRI features of porencephaly are recognized the coexistence with the unilateral/bilateral hippocampal atrophy, caused by the seizure symptoms in human medicine. We studied 2 dogs and 1 cat with congenital porencephaly to characterize the clinical signs and MRI, and to discuss the associated MRI with hippocampal atrophy. The main clinical sign was the seizure symptoms, and all had hippocampal atrophy at the lesion side or the larger defect side. There is association between hippocampal atrophy or the cyst volume and the severe of clinical signs, and it is suggested that porencephaly coexists with hippocampal atrophy as well as humans in this study.
著者
Yuta Sagara Katsuyuki Shizu Hiroyuki Tanaka Hiroshi Miyazaki Kenichi Goushi Hironori Kaji Chihaya Adachi
出版者
(社)日本化学会
雑誌
Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.44, no.3, pp.360-362, 2015-03-05 (Released:2015-03-05)
参考文献数
25
被引用文献数
57

A strategy for designing highly efficient thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters was reported. TADF emitters with donor–acceptor–donor (D–A–D)-type structures showed highly efficient TADF because of their small singlet–triplet energy gap and large oscillator strength. An organic light-emitting diode containing a D–A–D-type TADF emitter, cis-BOX2, exhibited a high external electroluminescence quantum efficiency of 17.6%.
著者
徳永 惇 栗林 祿郎
出版者
一般社団法人 資源・素材学会
雑誌
日本鑛業會誌 (ISSN:03694194)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.709, pp.180-184, 1944-05-22 (Released:2011-07-13)

筆者等は先般來各種銅合金屑の電解による分離再生に關する研究を行ひ好結果を得、黄銅屑、青銅屑、白銅屑の電解分離に關する研究報文は既に本會誌に發表したが其後青銅・燐青銅の電解分離の研究實績が得らるるに至つたので茲に其の大要を報告する。青銅を陽極として電解する場合陽極中の錫を陰極に入らしめない様にするのに如何なる條件を選べきかを特に追求しi) 電解液の温度を50~55℃程度に高く保つ事。ii) 電解液物中のH2SO4を30g/L. 程度以下に保つ事。iii) 陽極中に少く共10%程度のZnを含ましめ陽極の分極法防止劑として働かしむる事。等が最も緊要な條件であり、此等の條件を満足せしむれば陽極中に5~10%或はそれ以上のSnを含む場合でも陰極中に入るSnを0.005%以下に抑壓する事が出来る。燐青銅を陽極とする場合は陽極中の燐が液中に入り燐酸錫の疎水性沈澱を作りSnを液相又は膠質懸濁相から除去するから陰極銅の品位は益々良好となる。燐酸曹達を液中に投じても此の好結果が得られる。
著者
山田 拓司
出版者
公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会
雑誌
化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.51, no.12, pp.802-808, 2013-12-01 (Released:2014-12-01)
参考文献数
27

ヒトには1,000種,100兆細胞を超える細菌が共生していると言われている.特に腸管内に共生する腸内細菌叢(腸内マイクロバイオーム)は,もう一つの臓器とも呼ばれており,ヒトの健康状態やさまざまな疾病に関与していることが示唆されている.近年,細菌群集を研究する新たな方法として,メタゲノム解析と呼ばれる新たな研究手法が開発され,ヒト共生細菌研究は大きな飛躍を見せている.特に共生微生物研究が医療分野に与える影響とその可能性には大きな期待が寄せられている.本報ではこれまでの研究成果を踏まえ,①メタゲノム解析と腸内マイクロバイオーム,②近年の国内外の動向や発見,③医療との関係,さらに,④実際の応用に向けての可能性,について紹介していきたい.
著者
森下 淳夫
出版者
特定非営利活動法人 日本気管食道科学会
雑誌
日本気管食道科学会会報 (ISSN:00290645)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.3, pp.198-207, 1978-06-10 (Released:2010-02-22)
参考文献数
32

The blood serotonin level was measured in 144 subjects consisting of 23 normal subjects, 84 patients with bronchial asthma, 13 with nasal allergy, 16 with other pulmonary diseases and 8 with urticaria. In asthmatic patients, the data were specifically examined with reference to the other clinical and laboratory test results. The results were as follows;1. The blood serotonin level in 23 normal subjects was within the range of 0.081±0.02μg/ml and there was no sexual difference.2. The blood serotonin level was 0.108±0.027μg/ml in asthmatic patients, 0.120±0.013μg/ml in nasal allergy and 0.113±0.023μg/ml in urticaria. These values were signifantly higher than that in the normal subjects (p<0.01). The value in other pulmonary diseases tended to be higher than the normal but the difference was statistically insignificant.3. Among different types of asthma, atopic type showed significantly higher blood serotonin level than the others (p<0.01). When the measurement was made in the subjects during their asthmatic attack, the value was evidently higher than in those in attack-free interval. In particular, the difference was statistically significant if the comparison was made within the same subject (p<0.01).4. The blood serotonin level in the group showing positive skin reaction to allergen was higher than that in the negative group (p<0.001). However, there was no positive correlation between the blood serotonin level and serum IgE or the blood histamin level.5. The blood serotonin level in type I and type II groups of CMI test was higher than that in type III and type IV groups (p<0.02). On the other hand, the results of Yatabe-Gilford test showed no positive correlation with the blood serotonin level.6. There was a tendency toward decreasing blood serotonin level following the treatment with β-stimulator and corticosteroid. However, there was no change in the blood serotonin level by hyposensitization or gold therapy.
著者
菊池 吉晃 角田 忠信
出版者
日本聴覚医学会
雑誌
AUDIOLOGY JAPAN (ISSN:03038106)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.1, pp.35-42, 1986-02-28 (Released:2010-04-30)
参考文献数
32
被引用文献数
1 1

A series of studies on human auditory laterality suggested the presence of a switching mechanism in human brainstem that automatically transmits auditory signals to either the right or the left hemisphere, depending upon the physical properties of the sound.The purpose of this study was to identify physical parameters that determine this laterality.Some environmental and artificial sounds for which the hemispheric dominance had been previously clarified by both Tsunoda's method and the auditory evoked potential method, were analyzed by analog and digital signal processing techniques.As the results, in normal Japanese, the right hemisphere was found to be dominant for the sounds with the following physical characteristics:(1) single formant (or formant-like structure) or simple (logarithmic) attenuation in higher frequency ranges.(2) two or more formants (or formant-like structures) in harmonic relations.(3) small pitch fluctuations and rich harmonic structures, particularly, when sounds consist only of harmonic tones.
著者
越智 知子 吉川 誠次
出版者
The Japan Society of Home Economics
雑誌
家政学雑誌 (ISSN:04499069)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.3, pp.151-157, 1969-06-20 (Released:2010-03-09)
参考文献数
6

1) スポンジケーキの主原料である卵、砂糖、小麦粉、および水の配合比と、製品の品質評価の関係を知るために、実用的な配合比率の範囲について、単体格子方格 (Simplex Lattice Design) の準3次型格子点に相当する16点の試料を作成し、品質評価を行なった。2) 製品の品質についてはProutyの評価方法に準じて、物理的性質として気孔率、形均整率、内部弾力性、官能検査的評価として色、形状 (表皮と内部)、香、味、について実測した値から総合点を求めた。試料の品質の差に最も関係の深い項目は気孔率、弾力性、味の3項目であった。3) 試料の総合点の配合率による変化を統一的に把握するために、2次モデルを想定し、反応曲面の多項式係数を推定した。さらに多項式の適合度を6点の試料配合比について計算したところ、上記の4種の原料の配合比と総合点の関係は二次多項式を想定すれば、実験に用いた全ての配合比の範囲において、配合比から品質の程度を実用的な精度で推定できることが判明した。4) 原料の増減率と品質 (総合点) の関係は、砂糖、卵、水、小麦粉の順序で小さくなり、2種類の原料問の交互作用は、卵と砂糖、砂糖と水、小麦粉と水の関係が同程度の大きさをしめし、卵と小麦粉、卵と水の組合せは比較的小さいことがわかった。5) 総合点の推定式の係数は下記の式に示すごとく、砂糖と卵に比して、小麦粉、水の配合比は総合点に対する寄与率が低い。x3、x4をともに (0、1/8、1/4) の配合比にし、x1とx2を変化させた場合の総合点と、原料経費を計算したところ、最高の品質は、卵、砂糖、小麦粉、水の配合割合が、それぞれ (37、33、25、5) (33、37、25、5) の範囲にある。またこの割合での原料価格は42年5月の小売価格で製品100g当り13円38銭、 13円10銭となった。この価格は満足できる品質のスポンジケーキの原料費としては最も安いものであろう。6) 単体格子方格をこの種の実験に応用することによって、比較的小さな実験によって原料配合の製品品質に及ぼす効果を効率よく推定することが可能であることが明らかになった。
著者
Go URUMA Keiji HASHIMOTO Masahiro ABO
出版者
日本磁気共鳴医学会
雑誌
Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences (ISSN:13473182)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2014-0104, (Released:2015-02-12)
被引用文献数
5

Purpose: We developed a new and convenient method that employs voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to evaluate regional reduction in the volume of white matter after diffuse axonal injury (DAI).Methods: We studied 29 patients with moderate cognitive disability after DAI. Each subject underwent 3-dimensional volumetric magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Images were preprocessed automatically using stand-alone software running on a Windows PC for VBM of volumetric MR imaging utilizing a statistical parametric mapping (SPM) version 8 software engine and an algorithm for diffeomorphic anatomic registration through exponentiated lie algebra (DARTEL). We then computed a Z-score for all coordinates on the white matter, which represented the relative reduction in white matter volume. Finally, we used voxel-based stereotactic extraction estimation (vbSEE) to compute the extent of regional reduction in the volume of white matter (rWMVR) for each region of interest (ROI), defined as the rate of coordinates with Z-scores exceeding 2.0 in the ROI. For each ROI, we used Pearson’s correlation analysis to examine the correlation between the extent of regional volume reduction and patient scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale III (WAIS-III).Results: We detected marked rWMVR in several ROIs, including the corpus callosum, and rWMVR correlated significantly with performance IQ and processing speed index in the splenium of the corpus callosum.Conclusions: The results indicate the utility of our applications for the daily clinical evaluation of DAI. That they can be used on a PC and allow acquisition of volumetric data from standard MR images are their advantages.
著者
窪田 理裕 久島 貞一 伊藤 勇市 中條 拓 川村 幸次郎
出版者
社団法人 日本透析医学会
雑誌
日本透析療法学会雑誌 (ISSN:09115889)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.20, no.12, pp.927-930, 1987-12-28 (Released:2010-03-16)
参考文献数
14

症例は45歳, 女性. 昭和51年4月より慢性糸球体腎炎による腎不全にて, 週3回の安定した血液透析を通院にて受けていた. 昭和60年3月, 半昏睡, 全身痙攣によって当科入院となった. 約9年間の透析歴, 言語障害, 脳波所見, 血清アルミニウム (Al) 濃度の高値, CTによる脳内他病変の否定等により臨床的にAl蓄積による透析脳症を疑い, deferoxamine (DFO): 1,000mg/day, 血液透析 (HD): 5時間/day, 血漿交換 (PE): 2,600ml/dayの三者を組合せて1度の治療とし隔日に施行してみたところ, 計3回終了時点で, 痙攣発作は消失し, 意識状態の回復傾向が見られた. その後1年9カ月経過した現在, 通常の血液透析 (透析液は逆浸透処理) にて良好に経過している. 同症例の治療経過と臨床症状, 血清Al濃度, 脳波所見の推移を報告しDFO投与と体内Alの動態に関し若干の文献的考察を加えるとともに, 同剤投与により増加する血中Alの除去手段として透析分画, 非透析分画の両者ともに除去可能な血漿交換を治療初期に組合せたことが, このように短期間に臨床効果の得られた所以であろうと推論した.
著者
後藤 仁志 Khayyer Abbas 五十里 洋行 堀 智恵実
出版者
公益社団法人 土木学会
雑誌
土木学会論文集B2(海岸工学) (ISSN:18842399)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.1, pp.41-45, 2009 (Released:2010-02-09)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
1

The paper presents a 3D-CMPS method for refined simulation of a plunging breaking wave and resultant splash-up. The Corrected MPS (CMPS) has been extended to three dimensions and 3D-CMPS method has been developed on the basis of 3D-MPS method. To enhance the computational efficiency of the calculations, the parallelization of 3D-CMPS method has been carried out with two different solvers of simultaneous linear equations corresponding to the Poisson Pressure Equation (PPE). The parallelization has been performed based on a dynamic domain decomposition strategy for an optimized load balancing among the processors.
著者
沼倉 久枝 白木 まさ子 寺元 芳子 大石 みどり
出版者
The Japan Society of Home Economics
雑誌
家政学雑誌 (ISSN:04499069)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.2, pp.150-155, 1981-02-20 (Released:2010-03-10)
参考文献数
5

煮物における急速加熱と緩慢加熱のちがいを官能検査および糖, アミノ態窒素の定量などにより検討した. その結果は次のとおりである.1) 急速加熱と緩慢加熱とのちがいは, 煮汁の味においては有意差が認められなかったが, 糖量, アミノ態窒素量の測定では, 緩慢加熱のほうが煮汁への溶出が多かった.2) 緩慢加熱で食品の入れ時を変えた場合, 水から入れるよりも沸騰時に入れるほうが糖, アミノ態窒素の溶出率は大差ないが, 煮汁の色, 泡立ちなどに差がみられ, 官能検査の結果からも沸騰時に食品を入れたほうがあくっぽさが少なかった.3) 食品の味は, 煮汁への溶出の多い緩慢加熱のものが評価が低く, とくにじゃがいもは不評であった.4) 緩慢加熱によってとくに糖が生成されるということは認められなかった.今回は食品を同量ずつ加熱して官能検査の試料としたことと, 緩慢加熱を間接加熱の方法で行ったために, たまねぎの臭いが強く残り, とくに緩慢加熱のほうが好まれなかった. 材料配合をくふうし, 蒸気が自由に揮散できる加熱器具を用いれば, 上記の結果から汁ごと食べるシチューなどでは緩慢加熱のほうが好まれると思われる.ただし, 最初から緩慢に加熱すると酸化酵素の活性化が起こりやすいので, 沸騰までは強火で急速に加熱するか沸騰時に食品を入てから緩慢加熱するほうがよい.