著者

大圃 研

出版者

昭和大学学士会

雑誌

昭和医学会雑誌 (ISSN:00374342)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.1, pp.3-9, 2011-02-28 (Released:2011-09-01)

参考文献数

16

著者

Nirsanametla Yadaiah Swarup Bag

出版者

一般社団法人 日本鉄鋼協会

雑誌

ISIJ International (ISSN:09151559)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.11, pp.2069-2075, 2012 (Released:2012-11-15)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

5 39

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Double-ellipsoidal volumetric heat with Gaussian distribution of heat intensity is one of the most popular heat source model used in fusion welding process simulations. However, the major difficulty of this kind of heat source model is to define the parameters before start of simulation. It is common practice to define the heat source parameters from experimental measurement of weld dimensions for a particular welding condition that meet the demand of two parameters i.e. weld width and penetration. Till date, the definition of front and rear length of double ellipsoidal is to-some-extent arbitrary in linear welding. A sensitivity analysis shows that this ratio has significant effect on weld dimensions as well as thermal distortion and residual stress of final weld joint. This problem has been addressed in present work where the optimum value of the ratio of front and rear length of double ellipsoidal heat source model is designed within the kernel of an integrated optimization algorithm. The ratio is assumed as function of weld velocity and a suitable functional form is designed over a range of welding current and velocity. The proposed trend of ratio along with optimum values demonstrate fair agreement of experimentally measured weld dimensions for linear gas tungsten arc (GTA) welding process. 3D finite element model of thermal and mechanical analysis is developed and assuming elasto-plastic response of material. Temperature dependent material properties along with latent heat of melting and solidification are incorporated in numerical simulation.

著者

田中 健 村上 大輔 下村 孝

出版者

日本緑化工学会

雑誌

日本緑化工学会誌 (ISSN:09167439)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.1, pp.133-138, 2008 (Released:2009-04-10)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

4 4

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京都市内を事例として,好ましい屋上緑化のデザインを明らかにするため,市内の屋上から撮影した4種類の景観写真と4パターンの屋上緑化写真を組み合わせた合成画像を用いて景観評価実験を行なった。その結果,同一の背景で緑化形態(緑量)を変化させた場合に,緑量が増える程評価が向上することが示され,さらに,和風庭園風緑化が高い評価を得ることが示された。また,アイマークレコーダ(EMR)による眼球運動の測定を行い,画像内の緑量が増える程,被験者が人工物を探索する傾向があることが示された。以上の結果から古都の景観を残す京都では和風の屋上緑化が望ましいと推測された。

著者

Chao-Chan Wu Ching-Bang Yao

出版者

CODATA

雑誌

Data Science Journal (ISSN:16831470)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.110-125, 2012 (Released:2012-11-22)

参考文献数

33

被引用文献数

5

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Patent network analysis, an advanced method of patent analysis, is a useful tool for technology management. This method visually displays all the relationships among the patents and enables the analysts to intuitively comprehend the overview of a set of patents in the field of the technology being studied. Although patent network analysis possesses relative advantages different from traditional methods of patent analysis, it is subject to several crucial limitations. To overcome the drawbacks of the current method, this study proposes a novel patent analysis method, called the intelligent patent network analysis method, to make a visual network with great precision. Based on artificial intelligence techniques, the proposed method provides an automated procedure for searching patent documents, extracting patent keywords, and determining the weight of each patent keyword in order to generate a sophisticated visualization of the patent network. This study proposes a detailed procedure for generating an intelligent patent network that is helpful for improving the efficiency and quality of patent analysis. Furthermore, patents in the field of Carbon Nanotube Backlight Unit (CNT-BLU) were analyzed to verify the utility of the proposed method.

著者

盛川 宏 中之坊 学 田部 哲也 田村 悦代 北原 哲

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本気管食道科学会

雑誌

日本気管食道科学会会報 (ISSN:00290645)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.6, pp.585-590, 1999-12-10 (Released:2010-02-22)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

5 3

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We reviewed 20 cases of tracheo-bronchial foreign bodies in children below 15 years of age, who were treated at our department between 1978 and 1995. Clinical observations pointed out the importance of prevention, earlier diagnosis and earlier treatment. Ventilation bronchoscopy was performed in 22 cases. In 20 out of the 22 cases, tracheo-bronchial foreign bodies were confirmed. In one of the 20 cases, we did not suspect a tracheo-bronchial foreign body from the past history, X-ray or physical findings, but ventilation bronchoscopy was performed because the patient's condition worsened. Therefore, the past history should be reviewed in detail to pursure any possibility of tracheo-bronchial foreign bodies. In the case of children, operations should be performed at the earliest possible time to diagnose and treat tracheobronchial foreign bodies, if their presence is even suspected, because it often happens that their conditions worsen immediately.

著者

島田 泉 高木 修

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.4, pp.269-276, 1995-10-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

11

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The purpose of this study was to analyze decision-making process in help-seeking behavior with the information monitoring method. Four simulated situations were prepared in which help became necessary. Eight categories of further situational information were explained, and 67 subjects were asked to indicate which categories of information they would like to see before actually seeking others' help in each of the four situations. The number and categories of information requested, together with their order, were recorded. Also, questions were asked concerning the difficulty, hesitation, and confidence they had felt during the task, and ratings were made regarding how adequate the eight information categories and how real the four situations were. Results suggested that (1) only two steps were taken before a help-seeking decision was made in every situation, and (2) it was made in a fairly fixed pattern in term of the help's possible cost and probable attibutitons of why it became necessary.

著者

桜井 光一 三浦 俊明 小木曾 健人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.106, no.11, pp.1034-1039, 1986-11-25 (Released:2008-05-30)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

4

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Protective effects of several hydroxyl radical (HO·) scavengers and superoxide dismutase on alloxan-induced diabetes were studied in vivo. Thiourea, methylthiourea, dimethylthiourea and ethanol, HO· scavengers (type 1), which easily cross cellular membranes, protected initial- and permanent-hyperglycemia. In contrast, mannitol and sorbitol (type 2), which can not cross cellular membranes, protected initial-hyperglycemia, but did not protect permanent-hyperglycemia. Furthermore, superoxide dismutase which is not expected to be incorporated into pancreatic β-cell, strongly protected initial-hyperglycemia but partially protected permanent-hyperglycemia. These results suggest that HO·primarily damages the β-cell membranes by acting at or neat a site involved in insulin release, and subsequently damages the intracellular components. From these results, the possible protective mechanism of these scavengers was discussed.

著者

上條 貴裕 佐野 肇 小野 雄一 猪 健志 牧野 寛之 岡本 牧人

出版者

日本聴覚医学会

雑誌

AUDIOLOGY JAPAN (ISSN:03038106)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.2, pp.158-163, 2010 (Released:2010-06-03)

参考文献数

12

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10年以上観察できた特発性両側性感音難聴107例について疫学, 臨床像を検討した。発症年齢のピークは過去の報告と変わりはなく10歳未満と40歳代であった。若年発症型, 成人発症型と分けて比較すると若年発症型に家族歴が多く, 聴力障害も高度なものが多かった。めまいを訴え, また中にはめまいをくり返しメニエール病との鑑別が困難な症例もあった。初診時はGrade1 (両側70dB未満) と2 (一側70dB未満) で95%を占めていたものが最終受診時には半数近い46%の症例がGrade3 (両側70dB以上) となっており, 本疾患の社会的影響の大きさを示す結果であった。

著者

塩澤 光一 神山 かおる 柳沢 慧二

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本咀嚼学会

雑誌

日本咀嚼学会雑誌 (ISSN:09178090)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.2, pp.117-121, 2002-03-30 (Released:2010-07-21)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3

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咀嚼時の唾液分泌量の増加が嚥下誘発にどのような影響を与えるかを調べるために, 嚥下までの咀嚼回数と唾液分泌量について11名の成人被験者で調べた. 0.2M酒石酸 (酸刺激) およびコントロールとして蒸留水 (DW刺激) に浸けた濾紙片をそれぞれ被験者の舌背に1分間載せた後, グミ及びモチをそれぞれ嚥下まで咀嚼させた. 嚥下までの咀嚼回数はグミ咀嚼, モチ咀嚼どちらの場合でも, 酸刺激後の咀嚼の方がコントロール (DW刺激後) に比べて有意 (P<0.001) に減少したが, 嚥下までに分泌された唾液分泌量は, グミ咀嚼, モチ咀嚼どちらの場合でも有意な差は認められなかった. また, 嚥下直前の顎舌骨筋活動量は, 酸刺激後とコントロールとで有意な差は認められなかった. これらの結果から, 同じ食品を同一量咀嚼する場合には嚥下までに分泌される唾液分泌量は常に一定であることが示唆された.

著者

Jeffrey M. Friedman

出版者

The Keio Journal of Medicine

雑誌

The Keio Journal of Medicine (ISSN:00229717)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.1, pp.1-9, 2011-03-25 (Released:2011-04-05)

参考文献数

69

被引用文献数

30 92

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The cloning of the ob gene and its gene product, leptin, has led to the elucidation of a robust physiologic system that maintains fat stores at a relatively constant level. Leptin is a peptide hormone secreted by adipose tissue in proportion to its mass. Recessive mutations in the leptin gene are associated with massive obesity in mice and humans, establishing a genetic basis for obesity. Leptin circulates in blood and acts on the brain to regulate food intake and energy expenditure. When fat mass falls, plasma leptin levels fall, stimulating appetite and suppressing energy expenditure until fat mass is restored. When fat mass increases, leptin levels increase, suppressing appetite until weight is lost. This system maintains homeostatic control of adipose tissue mass. The discovery of leptin has advanced our understanding of metabolic disease in a number of respects. Its identification has revealed a new endocrine system regulating body weight. This system provides a means by which changes in nutritional state regulate other physiologic systems. A number of leptin deficiency syndromes that are treatable with leptin replacement have been identified. The majority of obese subjects are leptin resistant, which establishes that obesity is the result of hormone resistance. Leptin treatment results in weight loss in a subset of obese patients and can also synergize with other anti-obesity agents to reduce weight in the general population. Leptin provides an entry point for studying a complex human behavior. Finally, this research has established that there is a powerful biological basis for obesity, a fact that is (correctly) changing public perception about the pathogenesis of this medical condition.

著者

Tjard R Schermer Winifred Malbon Robert Adams Michael Morgan Michael Smith Alan J Crockett

出版者

(公社)日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12-0189-OA, (Released:2013-06-24)

被引用文献数

1 15

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Objectives: Previous studies in firefighters have been contradictory regarding their course of lung function over time. The aim of this ongoing study is to investigate how changes in lung function over time in male metropolitan firefighters compare with those in population controls, and to explore associations between firefighters’ use of personal respiratory protection devices during occupational exposures and their risk of accelerated lung function decline. Methods: A prospective comparison of FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in 1 second) and FVC (forced vital capacity) was performed between 281 firefighters and 933 population controls. Logistic regression models were used to compare changes from baseline of FEV1 and FVC after 3 years and risk of accelerated decline between the cohorts. Within the firefighter cohort, risk of accelerated decline was compared between subgroups based on use of respiratory protection devices. Results: Controls showed similar mean annual declines for FEV1 and FVC across age categories, whereas firefighters aged <45 years showed increasing values over time (p = 0.040). Firefighters had a lower odds of accelerated FEV1 decline compared with controls (OR = 0.60, 95%CI 0.44; 0.83), but firefighters who never or rarely used respiratory protection during fire knockdown had a higher odds of accelerated FEV1 decline compared with those who used it often or frequently (OR = 2.20, 95%CI 1.02; 4.74). Conclusions: Younger generations of firefighters showed an increase in lung function relative to older colleagues, while population controls consistently showed decline of lung function across all ages. Firefighters who reported to be incompliant in using respiratory protection showed an increased risk of accelerated FEV1 decline.

著者

堀口 祐樹 小島 一晃 松居 辰則

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会全国大会論文集 第22回全国大会(2008)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.10, 2008 (Released:2009-07-31)

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e-learnignには教師が学習者の様子を観察できないという弱点がある。本e-learningシステムは、マウスの移動速度情報などを用いて学習者の集中の度合いなどをリアルタイムに評価するものである。

著者

平野 重雄

出版者

日本図学会

雑誌

図学研究 (ISSN:03875512)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.Supplement, pp.31-36, 1998 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

10

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機械設計製図教育は, 設計-ものづくりという工学の本質を, 最も直接的に教える教科であり, 工学教育全体にとっても極めて重要である.ここで, 特に大切なのは, 機械設計製図教育の全体を通して, 学生に総合化のための解析能力の育成, ものを思考し創造する能力の育成, もう一つは設計思考を伝達する手段のひとつである製図においては, 製品 (装置) を構成する各機構の要点を正確に捉える能力とものの形状を認識して的確に表現する能力の向上を図る教育をしなければならない.この研究においては, いわゆる座学 (講義) ではなく体験教育である設計製図として, 図形認識能力の向上を意図した教育システムについて検討した.その内容は, 部品図を基に組立図を効率よく設計製図するために, 立体図と分解立体図を用いて設計思考を行う.そして, 分解立体図により構成部品の要素の内容や機能を把握するという教育である.提出された図面の評価と理解度の調査結果を分析したところ, 組立図を設計製図する際に, 対象製品の立体図と分解立体図を描き種々の検討を行うことの学習成果が顕著であることが分かり, その有用性が確かめられた.

著者

石合 純夫

出版者

日本失語症学会 (現 一般社団法人 日本高次脳機能障害学会)

雑誌

失語症研究 (ISSN:02859513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.2, pp.134-142, 1996 (Released:2006-05-24)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

1 1

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慢性期まで続いた半側空間無視の改善について,比較的長期間観察しえた症例群を対象として,代償と回復の側面から検討した。無視の回復としては,左方探索の出現と病識の獲得が重要である。左方探索の出現により,抹消試験のような探索課題は改善するが,多くの場合,注意の右方偏位が残っており,線分二等分試験や花の絵の模写など,単一対象の左側に無視が見られることが多い。また,刺激密度の高い日常生活場面でも無視が見られる。病識の出現に伴い,左側の対象を健側に移して処理したり,指摘された誤反応に対する修正を行うといった代償反応も見られるようになる。一方,言語性知識による代償は,病識出現前に見られることもある。半側空間無視は,慢性期に入ってからでも徐々に改善することが多く,また,代償反応による日常生活への適応も起こることから,6ヵ月以上にわたる長期リハビリテーションを考慮してもよい場合が少なくない。

著者

韓 太舜

出版者

一般社団法人 電子情報通信学会

雑誌

電子情報通信学会 基礎・境界ソサイエティ Fundamentals Review (ISSN:18820875)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.2_6-2_9, 2009-10-01 (Released:2011-07-01)

著者

若林 明彦

出版者

日本哲学会

雑誌

哲学 (ISSN:03873358)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1995, no.46, pp.201-209,8, 1995-10-01 (Released:2009-07-23)

参考文献数

21

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Die beiden Begriffe "docta ignorantia" und "coincidentia oppositorum" bei Nikolaus Cusanus and die Idee der Humanitat bei Pico della Mirandora ubten Einfluβ auf die Humanitat bei Ernst Cassirer und den Aufbau seiner Philosophie. Auf der einen Seite entdeckte Cassirer die sym-bolische Funktion der menschlichen Erkenntnis in jenen beiden Begriffen bei Cusanus and erwies die Harmoniezwischen den verschiedenen symbolischen Formen durch ein methodisches Prinzip, "coincidentia oppositorum". Auf der anderen Seite bekam er bei Pico die Glaube an die reine Schopferkraft des Menschen and an die Autonomic dieser Schopferkraft, namlich die Idee daβ der Wille zur Gestaltung das Sein bestimmt and setzt.

著者

北川 正義

出版者

公益社団法人 日本材料学会

雑誌

材料 (ISSN:05145163)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.277, pp.979-983, 1976-10-15 (Released:2009-06-03)

参考文献数

15

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Craze and crack growth in polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride and polymethyl methacrylate have been investigated under the presence of kerosene. The experiment for craze growth was carried out under the conditions of both constant rate loading and cyclic loading since the results under dead weight and step-wise loadings had previously been obtained. The delayed crack growth rate was investigated as a function of stress intensity factor.The experimental results were compared with the theoretical predictions derived from a model taking creep into account, which was proposed by the author.The results are summarized as follows.(1) The theory seems to hold also for the craze growth under constant rate and cyclic loadings.(2) The delayed crack growth may be classified in two types. One is the fibrous fracture type and the other is the quasi-brittle fracture type. The former type crack growth can be explained by the modified Knauss theory with the same time function as that of craze growth.

著者

薗田 坦

出版者

日本基督教学会

雑誌

日本の神学 (ISSN:02854848)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2001, no.40, pp.124-129, 2001-10-25 (Released:2009-10-23)

著者

吉田 民人

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.3, pp.274-294, 1995-12-30 (Released:2009-10-19)

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

盛山 和夫

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.505-507, 1997-03-30 (Released:2010-01-27)