著者

Mitsutaka Nakashima Machiko Tanakaya Toru Miyoshi Takaaki Saito Yusuke Katayama Satoru Sakuragi Hiroshi Ito

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-22-0109, (Released:2022-08-04)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

6

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Background: The fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) index is used to evaluate liver disease patients. It can also be used to evaluate the prognosis for heart disease patients; however, its ability to determine the prognosis of severe isolated tricuspid regurgitation (TR) patients is unclear. This study aimed to clarify the association between FIB-4 index scores and the cardiovascular prognosis for severe isolated TR patients.Methods and Results: This was a dual-center, retrospective study. From 2011 to 2019, 111 consecutive outpatients with severe isolated TR (mean age, 68.6 years; 53.2% male) were evaluated. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were defined as the composite of cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure, myocardial infarction, and stroke. The association between FIB-4 index scores and echocardiography was also evaluated. During a median follow up of 3.0 years, 24 patients were lost to follow up and 40 MACEs occurred. Baseline FIB-4 index scores for patients with MACEs were significantly higher than those for patients without MACEs. A multivariate analysis revealed that FIB-4 index scores are significantly associated with MACEs (hazard ratio, 1.89; 95% confidence interval, 1.01–3.54; P=0.046). A linear regression analysis indicated that FIB-4 index scores were correlated with echocardiographic parameters, including the left atrial volume index and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter.Conclusions: The FIB-4 index score may be a useful predictor of MACEs for patients with severe isolated TR.

著者

Michio MURAKOSHI Hiroshi WADA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.21-00125, 2021 (Released:2021-09-15)

参考文献数

38

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The high sensitivity of mammalian hearing is achieved by cochlear amplification. The basis of this amplification is the motility of outer hair cells (OHCs), which are sensory cells in the inner ear. This motility may be due to voltage-dependent conformational changes of the motor protein prestin, which is densely embedded in the lateral membrane of OHCs. However, the membrane structure of prestin has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, the membrane structure of prestin was herein investigated by force spectroscopy using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The gene of prestin fused with an Avi-tag at its C terminus was transfected into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and the inside-out plasma membrane was isolated. The Avi-tag was enzymatically biotinylated and attached to a streptavidin-coated AFM cantilever via biotin-streptavidin binding. Prestin was then pulled out from the plasma membrane and the relationship between the force applied to the protein and the extension distance, i.e., the force-extension (FE) curve, was assessed. The curves obtained showed saw-toothed patterns. An attempt was then made to analyze these curves using the worm-like chain model. The force caused by stretching of the intracellular C terminus and that due to the extraction of one or several transmembrane domains were identified. The present results imply that the C terminus and the subsequent transmembrane domains of prestin correspond to those of the previously reported model with 12 transmembrane domains.

著者

Hiroshi Takagi Akihiko Ito Heon-Sook Kim Shamil Maksyutov Makoto Saito Tsuneo Matsunaga

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, pp.213-219, 2021 (Released:2021-12-14)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

2

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Numerous wetlands, including the world's two largest contiguous wetlands, lie along the free-flowing Paraná and Paraguay Rivers that travel the length of subtropical South America (SSA) region. These wetlands are floodplains that are inundated with rising river water in flood events; their morphology and area are highly changeable with flooding extent. The long-term variability of methane emission from this wetland hotspot and its sensitivity to meteorological conditions are not well known. We herein explore this unknown using space-based estimates of methane flux for the SSA region between 2009 and 2015 along with data of water balance. We find that methane emission from this region coherently varies with precipitation and inundation areal extent.

著者

Masamitsu Tsukamoto Hiroshi Kikugawa Souichiro Nagayama Taketo Suganuma Tatsuya Okita Hidenori Miyamoto

出版者

Pesticide Science Society of Japan

雑誌

Journal of Pesticide Science (ISSN:1348589X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.152-159, 2021-05-20 (Released:2021-05-25)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

7

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Tolpyralate, a new selective postemergence herbicide developed for the weed control in corn, possesses a unique chemical structure with a 1-alkoxyethyl methyl carbonate group on the N-ethyl pyrazole moiety. This compound shows high herbicidal activity against many weed species, including glyphosate-resistant Amaranthus tuberculatus. Tolpyralate targets 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (4-HPPD), which is involved in the tyrosine degradation pathway. Inhibition of the enzyme destroys the chlorophyll, thereby killing the susceptible weeds. Details of tolpyralate discovery, structure optimization, and biological activities are described.

著者

Hiroshi Koiwaya Nozomi Watanabe Kensaku Nishihira Yuhei Goriki Yoshisato Shibata

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.5, pp.304-305, 2021-05-10 (Released:2021-05-10)

参考文献数

1

著者

Hiroshi Kadowaki Junichi Ishida Hiroshi Akazawa Hiroki Yagi Akiko Saga-Kamo Masahiko Umei Ryo Matsuoka Qing Liu Hiroshi Matsunaga Hisataka Maki Yusuke Sato Haruki Kume Issei Komuro

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Reports (ISSN:24340790)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CR-21-0008, (Released:2021-03-10)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

6

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Background:Axitinib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling and is approved for second-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Although the occurrence of hypertension with axitinib use has been documented, it is unclear whether a first-line TKI regimen can significantly affect the development of hypertension when axitinib is used as second-line therapy.Methods and Results:In this single-center retrospective study, advanced RCC patients treated with axitinib after first-line chemotherapy were divided into 2 groups according to the use of TKIs as part of first-line treatment before the initiation of axitinib. Clinical outcomes were compared between patients who were treated with (TKI(+); n=11) or without (TKI(–); n=11) a TKI. Although 63.6% of all patients had hypertension at baseline, axitinib-induced hypertension developed in 81.8% of patients, and 36.4% of patients experienced Grade 3 hypertension. After initiation of axitinib, both systolic and diastolic blood pressures and the hypertension grade were significantly elevated both in the TKI(+) and TKI(–) groups, and the number of antihypertensive drugs was significantly increased among all patients.Conclusions:This study suggests the need for proper monitoring and management of blood pressure in RCC patients treated with axitinib, regardless of a prior regimen with or without TKIs.

著者

Chen ZHOU Fumihiro SHUTOH Hiroshi KOMADA Toshimasa YAMANAKA

出版者

Japan Society of Kansei Engineering

雑誌

International Journal of Affective Engineering (ISSN:21875413)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.IJAE-D-19-00017, (Released:2020-06-03)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1

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Scent and music are acknowledged to generate physiological and psychological changes on people, and the combination of scent and music is exerted in diverse situations. However, effects and utilization of scent and music in confined resting environment have not been examined exhaustively. To investigate the effects of scent and music on people’s moods and stress in confined resting areas, towards a better understanding about the olfactory and auditory environment, we tested six combinations of scent and music. The results indicated that music hardly changed people’s stress evaluation, but had significant effects on moods. On the other hand, scent dramatically affected both moods and stress assessment. Profound comprehension about scent and music will offer further inspiration for the design of olfactory and auditory environment in confined spaces, and new knowledge and perspectives gained through this exploratory study will serve to the thorough and supplementary research in the future.

著者

庄司 博史 Hiroshi Shoji

出版者

国立民族学博物館

雑誌

国立民族学博物館研究報告 = Bulletin of the National Museum of Ethnology (ISSN:0385180X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.4, pp.765-801, 1998-03-31

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The recent dissolution of the Soviet Union has had manifold effectson the reorganization of nations and small ethnic groups, especially inborder areas. In this article I examine problems that confront the Setos,a small Estonian subgroup in the southeastern border area of Estonia.After briefly reviewing the birth of the Estonian nation, I will describethe historical background of Petseri question, one of the Russo-Estonianterritorial disputes. I will then highlight practical problems and conflictsthat have arisen from the dispersion of the Seto community, following recentdemarcation of the border.Disintegration of the Soviet Union was definitely put into full swingby the successful departure of the three Baltic republics. Estonia, accordingto its present formal stand, should recover the whole territory as of1940, when it was annexed to the Soviet Union by military force threat.In fact, most part of Estonia's former Petseri region (Pechora in Russian), in the Southeast, has remained under de facto Russian control.Until 1920, the Petseri region was part of the Russian Pskov Province(guberniya) , but it was ceded with its inhabitants to the newly bornEstonian Republic by the Tartu Peace treaty, which recognized for thefirst time the independency of Estonia with clear borders. Almost twothirds of the approximately sixty thousand inhabitants of Petseri were,however, ethnic Russians, whereas three fourths of the remaining twentythousand Estonians were orthodox Setos. Estonia, during its shorthistory of independence, tried to integrate and 'civilise' the Setos, whohad been denigrated for example for their distinct dialect and conservativeliving traditions. Later in 1945, after reintroduction of the Sovietregime, three quaters of Petseri were again restored to Russia's PskovProvince (now termed oblast) , thus dividing the Setos into two administrativelydifferent areas.Due to the very limited sovereign controle of borders betweenformer Soviet republics, local residents could freely cross borders for dailyneeds in many areas. Setos on both sides were therefore able to keepclose contacts with each other.For local communities, real problems have only emerged in the early1990's with Estonia's splitting from the Soviet Union, and with its aspirationto recover the whole Petseri territory. Russia reacted to this invarious ways, including unilateral demarcation of a border, that dividesthe Setos into two groups that are unable to maintain regular and dailycontacts.The Setos launched efforts to preserve and activate Seto culturaltraditions in the late 1980s, and they see the present border issue as extremelythreatening to both daily life and to their cohesion as an ethnicgroup. The present paper examines the growth and vacillation of Setoethnic consciousness in the face of conflicts between Russia and Estonia.

著者

Jiro Sakamoto Yugo Yamashita Takeshi Morimoto Hidewo Amano Toru Takase Seiichi Hiramori Kitae Kim Maki Oi Masaharu Akao Yohei Kobayashi Mamoru Toyofuku Toshiaki Izumi Tomohisa Tada Po-Min Chen Koichiro Murata Yoshiaki Tsuyuki Syunsuke Saga Yuji Nishimoto Tomoki Sasa Minako Kinoshita Kiyonori Togi Hiroshi Mabuchi Kensuke Takabayashi Yusuke Yoshikawa Hiroki Shiomi Takao Kato Takeru Makiyama Koh Ono Toshihiro Tamura Yoshihisa Nakagawa Takeshi Kimura on behalf of the COMMAND VTE Registry Investigators

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-19-0515, (Released:2019-09-20)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

5 57

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Background:There is a paucity of data on the management and prognosis of cancer-associated venous thromboembolism (VTE), leading to uncertainty about optimal management strategies.Methods and Results:The COMMAND VTE Registry is a multicenter registry enrolling 3,027 consecutive acute symptomatic VTE patients in Japan between 2010 and 2014. We divided the entire cohort into 3 groups: active cancer (n=695, 23%), history of cancer (n=243, 8%), and no history of cancer (n=2089, 69%). The rate of anticoagulation discontinuation was higher in patients with active cancer (43.5%, 27.0%, and 27.0%, respectively, at 1 year, P<0.001). The cumulative 5-year incidences of recurrent VTE, major bleeding, and all-cause death were higher in patients with active cancer (recurrent VTE: 17.7%, 10.2%, and 8.6%, P<0.001; major bleeding: 26.6%, 8.8%, and 9.3%, P<0.001; all-cause death: 73.1%, 28.6%, 14.6%, P<0.001). Among the 4 groups classified according to active cancer status, the cumulative 1-year incidence of recurrent VTE was higher in the metastasis group (terminal stage group: 6.4%, metastasis group: 22.1%, under chemotherapy group: 10.8%, and other group: 5.8%, P<0.001).Conclusions:In a current real-world VTE registry, patients with active cancer had higher risk for VTE recurrence, bleeding, and death, with variations according to cancer status, than patients without active cancer. Anticoagulation therapy was frequently discontinued prematurely in patients with active cancer in discordance with current guideline recommendations.

著者

KAJIHARA Hiroshi

出版者

Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, Kyoto University

雑誌

Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory (ISSN:00372870)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, pp.92-102, 2015-09-15

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A new species of heteronemertean with branched proboscis, Gorgonorhynchus albocinctus sp. nov., is described based on the external feature and DNA sequences from a specimen collected subtidally among coral rubbles at a depth of about 6 m in a reef area around Taketomi Island in the Yaeyama Islands, southwestern Japan. It can be classified in the genus because the mode of proboscis branching is dichotomous, rather than alternating laterally. From the two known congeners G. repens Dakin and Fordham, 1931 and G. bermudensis Wheeler, 1940, the new species can be differentiated by having a brown body colour with a white band near the tip of the head. The new species is placed in a molecular phylogenetic context with a maximum-likelihood analysis using the nuclear 18S rRNA and 28S RNA genes, as well as the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene, together with 20 species of heteronemerteans, for which those sequences were available in the public databases. The results indicate that G. albocinctus is closely related to Cerebratulus leucopsis (Coe, 1901), a species that is supposed to have a non-branched proboscis.

著者

Taishi Okuno Jiro Aoki Kengo Tanabe Koichi Nakao Yukio Ozaki Kazuo Kimura Junya Ako Teruo Noguchi Satoshi Yasuda Satoru Suwa Kazuteru Fujimoto Yasuharu Nakama Takashi Morita Wataru Shimizu Yoshihiko Saito Atsushi Hirohata Yasuhiro Morita Teruo Inoue Atsunori Okamura Toshiaki Mano Kazuhito Hirata Yoshisato Shibata Mafumi Owa Kenichi Tsujita Hiroshi Funayama Nobuaki Kokubu Ken Kozuma Shiro Uemura Tetsuya Tobaru Keijiro Saku Shigeru Ohshima Kunihiro Nishimura Yoshihiro Miyamoto Hisao Ogawa Masaharu Ishihara on behalf of J-MINUET investigators

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-18-0995, (Released:2019-03-30)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

7

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Background: Beta-blockers are standard therapy for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, despite current advances in the management of AMI, it remains unclear whether all AMI patients benefit from β-blockers. We investigated whether admission heart rate (HR) is a determinant of the effectiveness of β-blockers for AMI patients. Methods and Results: We enrolled 3,283 consecutive AMI patients who were admitted to 28 participating institutions in the Japanese Registry of Acute Myocardial Infarction Diagnosed by Universal Definition (J-MINUET) study. According to admission HR, we divided patients into 3 groups: bradycardia (HR <60 beats/min, n=444), normocardia (HR 60 to ≤100 beats/min, n=2,013), and tachycardia (HR >100 beats/min, n=342). The primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including all-cause death, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, heart failure (HF), and urgent revascularization for unstable angina, at 3-year follow-up. Beta-blocker at discharge was significantly associated with a lower risk of MACE in the tachycardia group (23.6% vs. 33.0%; P=0.033), but it did not affect rates of MACE in the normocardia group (17.8% vs. 18.4%; P=0.681). In the bradycardia group, β-blocker use at discharge was significantly associated with a higher risk of MACE (21.6% vs. 12.7%; P=0.026). Results were consistent for multivariable regression and stepwise multivariable regression. Conclusions: Admission HR might determine the efficacy of β-blockers for current AMI patients.

著者

YOSHIDA Mayumi KIKUCHI Maki NAGAO Takashi M. MURAKAMI Hiroshi NOMAKI Tomoyuki HIGURASHI Akiko

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2018-039, (Released:2018-04-15)

被引用文献数

118

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We develop a common retrieval algorithm of aerosol properties such as aerosol optical thickness, single-scattering albedo, and Ångström exponent for various satellite sensors over both land and ocean. The three main features of this algorithm are as follows: (1) automatic selection of the optimum channels for aerosol retrieval by introducing a weight for each channel to the object function, (2) setting common candidate aerosol models over land and ocean, and (3) preparation of lookup tables for every 1 nm in the range from 300 to 2500 nm of wavelength and weighting the radiance using the response function for each sensor. This method was applied to the Advanced Himawari Imager (AHI) on board the Japan Meteorological Agency’s geostationary satellite Himawari-8, and the results depicted an approximately continuous estimate of aerosol optical thickness over land and ocean. Further, the aerosol optical thickness estimated using our algorithm was generally consistent with the products from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET). Additionally, we applied our algorithm to MODIS on board the Aqua satellite and then compared the retrieval results to those that were obtained using AHI. The comparisons of the aerosol optical thickness retrieved from different sensors with different viewing angles on board the geostationary and polar-orbiting satellites suggest an underestimation of aerosol optical thickness at the backscattering direction (or overestimated in other directions). The retrieval of aerosol properties using a common algorithm allows us to identify a weakness in the algorithm, which includes the assumptions in the aerosol model (e.g. sphericity or size distiribution).

著者

Kentaro Araki Masataka Murakami Hiroshi Ishimoto Takuya Tajiri

出版者

(公社)日本気象学会

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, pp.108-112, 2015 (Released:2015-08-11)

参考文献数

45

被引用文献数

7

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Ground-based microwave radiometer (MWR) has been used for high-frequency retrievals of thermodynamic environments. However, raindrops on the radome of MWR and in the air cause errors in retrievals during precipitation events. Although a recent study has noted that off-zenith observations with neural networks (NN) reduce the retrieval errors, the effect of off-zenith observations with one-dimensional variational (1DVAR) technique, which is known to be more accurate than other methods, has not been studied. We developed a new 1DVAR technique that considers the effect of cloud liquid water. We statistically investigated the accuracy of vertical profiles of atmospheric temperature and water vapor retrieved by NN and 1DVAR techniques by using zenith and off-zenith observation at 15° elevation angle under no-rain and rainy conditions and compared them with results of radiosonde observations. The results showed that the 1DVAR technique outperforms NN and numerical model simulation in the estimation of thermodynamic profiles under no-rain conditions. The results also indicated that the error in retrieved profiles in the low-level troposphere can be reduced by the 1DVAR technique by using off-zenith observations even under rainy conditions with rainfall rate less than 1.0 mm h−1, especially when the environment cannot be accurately reproduced by a numerical model.

著者

Imanishi Tadashi Itoh Takeshi Suzuki Yutaka O'Donovan Claire Fukuchi Satoshi Koyanagi Kanako O. Barrero Roberto A. Tamura Takuro Yamaguchi-Kabata Yumi Tanino Motohiko Yura Kei Miyazaki Satoru Ikeo Kazuho Homma Keiichi Kasprzyk Arek Nishikawa Tetsuo Hirakawa Mika Thierry-Mieg Jean Thierry-Mieg Danielle Ashurst Jennifer Jia Libin Nakao Mitsuteru Thomas Michael A. Mulder Nicola Karavidopoulou Youla Jin Lihua Kim Sangsoo Yasuda Tomohiro Lenhard Boris Eveno Eric Suzuki Yoshiyuki Yamasaki Chisato Takeda Jun-ichi Gough Craig Hilton Phillip Fujii Yasuyuki Sakai Hiroaki Tanaka Susumu Amid Clara Bellgard Matthew Bonaldo Maria de Fatima Bono Hidemasa Bromberg Susan K. Brookes Anthony J. Bruford Elspeth Carninci Piero Chelala Claude Couillault Christine Souza Sandro J. de Debily Marie-Anne Devignes Marie-Dominique Dubchak Inna Endo Toshinori Estreicher Anne Eyras Eduardo Fukami-Kobayashi Kaoru R. Gopinath Gopal Graudens Esther Hahn Yoonsoo Han Michael Han Ze-Guang Hanada Kousuke Hanaoka Hideki Harada Erimi Hashimoto Katsuyuki Hinz Ursula Hirai Momoki Hishiki Teruyoshi Hopkinson Ian Imbeaud Sandrine Inoko Hidetoshi Kanapin Alexander Kaneko Yayoi Kasukawa Takeya Kelso Janet Kersey Paul Kikuno Reiko Kimura Kouichi Korn Bernhard Kuryshev Vladimir Makalowska Izabela Makino Takashi Mano Shuhei Mariage-Samson Regine Mashima Jun Matsuda Hideo Mewes Hans-Werner Minoshima Shinsei Nagai Keiichi Nagasaki Hideki Nagata Naoki Nigam Rajni Ogasawara Osamu Ohara Osamu Ohtsubo Masafumi Okada Norihiro Okido Toshihisa Oota Satoshi Ota Motonori Ota Toshio Otsuki Tetsuji Piatier-Tonneau Dominique Poustka Annemarie Ren Shuang-Xi Saitou Naruya Sakai Katsunaga Sakamoto Shigetaka Sakate Ryuichi Schupp Ingo Servant Florence Sherry Stephen Shiba Rie Shimizu Nobuyoshi Shimoyama Mary Simpson Andrew J. Soares Bento Steward Charles Suwa Makiko Suzuki Mami Takahashi Aiko Tamiya Gen Tanaka Hiroshi Taylor Todd Terwilliger Joseph D. Unneberg Per Veeramachaneni Vamsi Watanabe Shinya Wilming Laurens Yasuda Norikazu Yoo Hyang-Sook Stodolsky Marvin Makalowski Wojciech Go Mitiko Nakai Kenta Takagi Toshihisa Kanehisa Minoru Sakaki Yoshiyuki Quackenbush John Okazaki Yasushi Hayashizaki Yoshihide Hide Winston Chakraborty Ranajit Nishikawa Ken Sugawara Hideaki Tateno Yoshio Chen Zhu Oishi Michio Tonellato Peter Apweiler Rolf Okubo Kousaku Wagner Lukas Wiemann Stefan Strausberg Robert L. Isogai Takao Auffray Charles Nomura Nobuo Gojobori Takashi Sugano Sumio

出版者

Public Library of Science

雑誌

PLoS Biology (ISSN:15449173)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.6, pp.856-875, 2004-06

被引用文献数

3 226

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The human genome sequence defines our inherent biological potential; the realization of the biology encoded therein requires knowledge of the function of each gene. Currently, our knowledge in this area is still limited. Several lines of investigation have been used to elucidate the structure and function of the genes in the human genome. Even so, geneprediction remains a difficult task, as the varieties of transcripts of a gene may vary to a great extent. We thus performed an exhaustive integrative characterization of 41,118 full-length cDNAs that capture the gene transcripts as complete functional cassettes, providing an unequivocal report of structural and functional diversity at the gene level.Our international collaboration has validated 21,037 human gene candidates by analysis of high-quality full-length cDNA clones through curation using unified criteria. This led to the identification of 5,155 new gene candidates. It also manifested the most reliable way to control the quality of the cDNA clones. We have developed a human gene database, called the H-Invitational Database (H-InvDB; http://www.h-invitational.jp/). It provides the following:integrative annotation of human genes, description of gene structures, details of novel alternative splicing isoforms, non-protein-coding RNAs, functional domains, subcellular localizations, metabolic pathways, predictions of protein three-dimensional structure, mapping of known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), identification of polymorphic microsatellite repeats within human genes, and comparative results with mouse full-length cDNAs. The H-InvDB analysis has shown that up to 4% of the human genome sequence (National Center for Biotechnology Information build 34 assembly) may contain misassembled or missing regions. We found that 6.5% of the human gene candidates(1,377 loci) did not have a good protein-coding open reading frame, of which 296 loci are strong candidates for nonprotein-coding RNA genes. In addition, among 72,027 uniquely mapped SNPs and insertions/deletions localized within human genes, 13,215 nonsynonymous SNPs, 315 nonsense SNPs, and 452 indels occurred in coding regions. Together with 25 polymorphic microsatellite repeats present in coding regions, they may alter protein structure, causingphenotypic effects or resulting in disease. The H-InvDB platform represents a substantial contribution to resources needed for the exploration of human biology and pathology.

著者

Hiroshi IWATA Yasuhiro TEZUKA Tepy USIA Shigetoshi KADOTA Akira HIRATSUKA Tadashi WATABE

出版者

和漢医薬学会

雑誌

Journal of Traditional Medicines (ISSN:18801447)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.42-50, 2004 (Released:2007-09-21)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

7

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78 種の生薬エキスについて,ヒト薬物代謝酵素シトクロム P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) および P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) に対する阻害作用を調べた。生薬エキス粉末からメタノール可溶性画分を調製し, 添加量 1.65 mg/mL で反応を行った。CYP3A4 の指標として用いたヒト肝ミクロソーム中のエリスロマイシン N-脱メチル化活性に対して 50 % 以上の阻害を示した生薬は 31 種であり, その中の 8 種 (白, 桂皮, 丁子, 羌活, 牡丹皮, 大黄, 蘇木, 五味子) が阻害率 90 % 以上を示した。 CYP3A4 活性に対する阻害の強さは, 蘇木, 大黄, 五味子, 羌活, 白の順であり, IC50 値は, それぞれ 43, 77, 127, 144 および 185 μg/mLであった。 一方, CYP2D6 の指標として用いたヒト肝ミクロソーム中のデキストロメトルファン O-脱メチル化活性に対して 50 % 以上の阻害を示した生薬は 28 種であり, その中の 13 種 (桂皮, 丁子, 黄連, 麻黄, 釣藤鈎, 羌活, 厚朴, 牡丹皮, 黄柏, 大黄, 蘇木, 防巳, 山椒) が阻害率 90 % 以上を示した。 CYP2D6 活性に対する阻害の強さは, 黄柏, 黄連, 防巳, 蘇木, 大黄の順であり, IC50 値は各々 4, 14, 40, 52 および 64 μg/mL であった。 これらの結果から, CYP3A4 あるいは CYP2D6 に対する阻害活性を示す生薬が複数存在することが明らかとなった。

著者

Koji Tamakoshi Hideaki Toyoshima Hiroshi Yatsuya Kunihiro Matsushita Tomonori Okamura Takehito Hayakawa Akira Okayama Hirotsugu Ueshima The NIPPON DATA90 Research Group

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.4, pp.479-485, 2007 (Released:2007-03-25)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

24 52

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Background The association of white blood cell (WBC) count with all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality were examined in the National Integrated Project for Prospective Observation of Non-communicable Disease and Its Trends in the Aged (NIPPON DATA) 90. Methods and Results A total of 6,756 Japanese residents (2,773 men and 3,983 women) throughout Japan without a history of CVD were followed for 9.6 years. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to estimate the relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). We documented 576 deaths with 161 deaths from CVD. Overall, after adjusting for several confounders including age, sex, body mass index at baseline, smoking status, alcohol consumption, regular exercise, diastlic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and hemoglobin A1c, a graded association between WBC count and higher risk of all-cause mortality was observed (WBC of 9,000-10,000 cells/mm3 vs WBC of 4,000-4,900: RR =1.61, 95% CI: 1.07-2.40, p for trend =0.02). Elevated WBC count was almost significantly associated with high risk of CVD mortality (WBC of 9,000-10,000 vs WBC of 4,000-4,900: RR =1.79, 95% CI: 0.97-3.71). These associations strengthened among women. Stratified by smoking status, never-smokers with WBC counts of 9,000-10,000 had a 3.2 fold elevated risk for CVD death compared with those with WBC counts of 4,000-4,900. Conclusions The WBC count may have potential as a predictor for all-cause mortality, particularly CVD mortality. (Circ J 2007; 71: 479 - 485)

著者

Hiroshi Mabuchi

出版者

一般社団法人 日本動脈硬化学会

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.RV16008, (Released:2017-02-08)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

79

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Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a disease characterized by a triad: elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, tendon xanthomas, and premature coronary heart disease. Thus, it can be considered as a model disease for hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). For the diagnosis of hetero-FH, the detection of Achilles tendon xanthomas by palpation or on X-ray is an indispensable diagnostic skill in clinical lipidology. To prevent the under-diagnosis and under-treatment of FH, the diagnostic criteria should be more convenient and user-friendly. For a patient with cutaneous or tendon xanthomas, the probability of FH is very high; however, an absence of xanthoma does not rule out FH.Brown and Goldstein elucidated the pathogenesis of FH by their work on LDL-receptor (LDL-R), for which they were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1985. In the 1950s, FH patients were divided into heterozygous (hetero-) and homozygous (homo-) FH, and diagnosing homo- and hetero-FH based on the phenotypic features of ASCVD or xanthomas frequently became difficult without the DNA analysis of FH genes. It is estimated that heterozygous mutations in the LDL-R or the proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) gene will be found at a combined frequency of 0.005, which corresponds to 1/199 people in the general population in Japan.Statins and anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies are highly specific and efficient drugs for treating hetero- or homo-FH patients. Most clinical studies have reported an amelioration of ASCVD using long-term statin therapy. Clinical results using anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies will emerge in a few years. In homo-FH patients, mipomersen and lomitapide are expected to yield good results. It is important to sequentially unravel the unrecognized pathogenetic mechanisms of FH to reduce its under-recognition and develop new management strategies for it.

著者

Katsuyuki MORISHITA Hiroshi KARASUNO Yuka YOKOI Kazunori MOROZUMI Hisayoshi OGIHARA Toshikazu ITO Takayuki FUJIWARA Tetsuya FUJIMOTO Koji ABE

出版者

日本理学療法士協会

雑誌

Journal of the Japanese Physical Therapy Association (ISSN:13441272)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.1, pp.1-7, 2014 (Released:2014-12-20)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

19

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Purpose: This study aimed to clarify the effects of therapeutic ultrasound on intramuscular local blood circulation (and oxygen dynamics) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Participants: The participants were 11 healthy males. Methods: All participants performed all three trials; (1) the ultrasound (US group), (2) without powered ultrasound (placebo group), and (3) rest (control group). Ultrasound was applied at 3 MHz, 1.0 W/cm2, and 100% duty cycle for 10 minutes. Evaluation index were oxygenated, deoxygenated, and total hemoglobin (Hb) concentrations in the intramuscular and skin surface temperature (SST). The experimental protocol was a total of 40 minutes, that is, 10 minutes before trial (rest), 10 minutes during the trial (ultrasound, placebo, and control), and 20 minutes after trial (rest). The NIRS and SST data collected before and after the trial were divided into 5 minutes intervals for further analysis. Results: Oxygenated and total hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the US group than in the placebo and control groups for the 20 minutes after ultrasound ( p < 0.01). The SST was significantly higher in the US group than in the control for 15 minutes after ultrasound ( p < 0.05), while it was significantly lower in the placebo group than in the US and control groups for 20 minutes after the trials ( p < 0.01). Conclusion: The effects of ultrasound were maintained for 20 minutes after the trial on intramuscular blood circulation and oxygen dynamics. These effects were caused by a combination of thermal and mechanical effects of the ultrasound.

著者

Hiroshi E. Takami

出版者

(社)日本内分泌学会

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.2, pp.75-76, 2011 (Released:2011-02-26)

著者

Takumi Imai Takayuki Hosoi Hiroshi Hagino Takanori Yamamoto Tatsuhiko Kuroda Hiroshi Watanabe Shiro Tanaka

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20220099, (Released:2022-12-24)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

2

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to estimate incidence rates of femoral shaft fracture in patients who were treated with antiresorptive drugs.DesignCohort studyMethodsWe used data from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims of Japan from April 2009 and October 2016. All patients with new use of an antiresorptive drug, prescription-free period of ≥3 months, and no prior femoral fractures were included. Femoral shaft fractures were identified using a validated definition based on ICD-10 codes. Incidence rate ratios were estimated using Poisson regression with adjustment for sex, age, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index.ResultsWe identified 7,958,655 patients (women, 88.4%; age ≥75 years, 51.2%). Femoral shaft fractures were identified in 22,604 patients. Incidence rates per 100,000 person-years was 74.8 for women, 30.1 for men, 30.1 for patients aged ≤64 years, 47.7 for patients aged 65–74 years, and 99.0 for patients aged ≥75 years. Adjusted incidence rate ratios in patients taking versus not taking each type of antiresorptive drug were 1.00 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.98–1.03) for bisphosphonates, 0.46 (95% CI, 0.44–0.48) for selective estrogen receptor modulators, 0.24 (95% CI, 0.18–0.32) for estrogens, 0.75 (95% CI, 0.71–0.79) for calcitonins, and 0.93 (95% CI, 0.84–1.03) for denosumab. The adjusted incidence rate ratio for alendronate was 1.18 (95% CI, 1.14–1.22).ConclusionsThe incidence rates of femoral shaft fracture varied across patients treated with different antiresorptive drugs. Further research on a specific antiresorptive drug can increase understanding of the risk of femoral shaft fracture