著者

榊原 雅人 寺本 安隆 谷 伊織

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.284-293, 2014 (Released:2014-08-25)

参考文献数

40

被引用文献数

10 9

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The present study aimed to develop a short-form self-report measure to assess relaxation effects (S-MARE). Participants (N = 190) responded to a questionnaire comprised of 45 items assessing relaxation and non-relaxation based on the Relaxation Inventory (Crist et al., 1989). Exploratory factor analysis identified three factors: physiological tension, psychological relaxation, and anxiety. Each factor was related to 5 items and each had an acceptable Cronbach’s coefficient (α = .93, .94, and .85). S-MARE scores pre- and post- relaxation instruction were significantly correlated with the Emotional Relaxation Scale (Tokuda, 2011) (r = .446) and with State Anxiety (r = –.531) (N = 172). There was a significant correlation between the amplitude of the high frequency component of heart rate variability during relaxation instruction and physiological tension scores on the S-MARE (r = .456—.474, N = 24). These results confirmed the reliability and validity of the S-MARE in terms of physiological correlation with cardiac parasympathetic tone, suggesting that the S-MARE is a valid measure of relaxation effects.

著者

谷 冬彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第70回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2PM004, 2006-11-03 (Released:2018-07-03)

著者

宮下 敏恵 門前 進

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.6, pp.457-464, 1998-02-28 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

16

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The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of negative-sentence suggestions on feelings and behaviors. Feelings and behaviors were classified under the axes of pleasant-unpleasant, and low-high activity. Sixteen subjects (six males and ten females) were induced into a light hypnotic state, and were given suggestions of feelings and behaviors in negative-sentence form. Aside of the above-mentioned suggestions, suggestions of neutral feeling and behavior in affirmative-sentence form was given as baseline. The subjects were then requested to rate the effect, which was stated in affirmative-sentence form. For example, if subject was given a negative-sentence suggestion that your feelings are not sad, then subject asked to rate his feelings of sadness. The results showed that negative-sentence suggestions had affirmative effects when the rated feeling was unpleasant, regardless of its activity level. They had negative effects when the rated feeling or behavior was pleasant and low in activity.

著者

上田 竜平 柳澤 邦昭 蘆田 宏 阿部 修士

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第81回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1B-055, 2017-09-20 (Released:2020-03-27)

著者

島宗 理 濱野 好

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第77回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3PM-042, 2013-09-19 (Released:2020-12-14)

著者

内田 遼介 寺口 司 大工 泰裕

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.1, pp.1-11, 2020 (Released:2020-04-25)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

2

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Corporal punishment in the setting of extracurricular school sport activities (bukatsu in Japan) has attracted public attention since 2013. Previous research studies attempted to characterize the actual conditions of corporal punishment in bukatsu. Several studies have demonstrated that direct experience with corporal punishment in bukatsu led to a favorable attitude toward corporal punishment among those that received it. However, these studies did not take into consideration extraneous variables (e.g., sex, age, aggression) that may contribute to the development of favorable attitudes. The purpose of this study was to re-examine the results of previous studies using a modified research design and statistical analysis plan. Participants were 287 individuals, aged 18 to 65 years. Hierarchical multiple regression showed that direct experience with corporal punishment in bukatsu positively influenced favorable attitudes toward corporal punishment even after controlling for several extraneous variables. Moreover, the direct effect of experiencing corporal punishment in bukatsu was fully mediated by the perceived effectiveness of corporal punishment. These results extend this field of research by complementing previous research.

著者

小岩 広平 若島 孔文 浅井 継悟 高木 源 吉井 初美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.92.20048, (Released:2021-08-30)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1 4

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The purpose of this study was to address the issue of the fear of COVID-19 among nurses and to determine the extent to which three factors affected their fear of COVID-19: (a) personal factors, (b) working conditions, and (c) coping behaviors. We conducted a web-based survey of 152 nurses working in the Tohoku region. A hierarchical multiple regression analysis showed that living with elderly people, working in the small hospital, and working long hours at night affected their fear of COVID-19. The results also revealed that “escape from anxiety” as a coping behavior led to a fear of COVID-19. These results suggested that the fear of becoming a source of infection may increase a nurse’s fear of COVID-19 and that the accumulation of physical fatigue may also lead to a fear of COVID-19. In addition, the results suggested that avoidant coping behaviors were related with infection fears, and that organizational support may be able to reduce nurses’ fear of COVID-19.

著者

伊藤 拓 樋口 匡貴 荒井 弘和 中村 菜々子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.94, no.2, pp.129-138, 2023 (Released:2023-06-25)

参考文献数

22

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Cross-sectional research has indicated that the psychological variables of the protective motive theory and normative focus theory are related to avoidance behaviors around going out or contacting others during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, there has been no longitudinal research investigating whether these psychological variables predict similar behaviors. The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine whether these psychological variables predicted such behaviors immediately after the termination of the COVID-19 pandemic state of emergency. A total of 781 participants completed a web-based survey immediately before and after the termination of the state of emergency in Tokyo. A cross-lagged effects model was used to analyze psychological predictors. The results indicated that the perceived self-efficacy of avoidance behaviors (β = .099), injunctive norms (β = .135), and descriptive norms (β = -.061) immediately before the state of emergency termination predicted avoidance behaviors around going out or contacting others immediately after the termination. These results suggested causal relationships between perceived self-efficacy, descriptive norms, and injunctive norms and avoidance behaviors around going out or contacting others.

著者

丹野 義彦 石垣 琢磨 杉浦 義典

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.5, pp.379-386, 2000-12-25 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

6 7

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In order to measure thematic tendencies of paranoid ideation in non-clinical samples, Delusional Ideation Checklist (DICL) was developed. A wide range of items indicating themes of delusion were collected. From the results of factor analysis on the data of 308 college students, eight scales were constructed. They were: alienation, belittlement, persecution, other-harming, guardedness, self-conceit, favoredness, and other-manipulation. These scales could be classified in terms of emotion: positive versus negative, and direction: self versus others, and could deal with themes of paranoid ideation in a comprehensive and systematic way. Alpha coefficients of the scales were between .66 and .87, and test-retest reliability between .49 and .71. To examine content validity, ten psychiatrists were asked to rate diagnostic importance for each scale item. Six scales were rated as significantly more important in the diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia than that of anxiety neurosis. Current data revealed that ordinary students experienced delusional ideation more frequently than psychiatrists would expect.

著者

山崎 末彦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.1-2, pp.119-125, 1943 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

1

著者

伊藤 正哉 川崎 直樹 小玉 正博

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.6, pp.560-568, 2011 (Released:2011-08-10)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

7 5

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Previous research and theory (Crocker & Wolfe, 2001; Kernis, 2003) suggests that adaptive self-esteem stems from just being oneself, and is characterized by a sense of authenticity (SOA). Maladaptive self-esteem is derived from meeting external standards and social comparisons, and is characterized by a sense of superiority (SOS). Thus, the qualitative difference between SOA and SOS depends on the sources of self-esteem. We hypothesized that SOA is related to internal sources of self-esteem, while SOS is related to external sources. In order to control for covariance, global self-esteem was also examined in a questionnaire survey of self-esteem that was administered to 273 university students. The results of a partial correlation analysis showed that SOA was positively correlated with internal sources of self-esteem such as committed activities and efforts for self-development. In contrast, SOS was positively correlated with external sources of self-esteem such as approval from others and appearance. These results mainly support our hypotheses.

著者

佐藤 洋輔 宇野 カオリ 沢宮 容子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.94.21239, (Released:2023-02-01)

参考文献数

39

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This study aimed to develop the Japanese version of the Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Identity Scale (LGBIS). The original scale was designed to assess the acceptance of one’s identity as an LGB person. We examined the reliability and validity of the translated Japanese version using data from 703 Japanese LGB people. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses showed that the Japanese version of the LGBIS has a four-factor structure, in contrast to the eight-factor structure of the original version: negative image and affect toward LGB identity, identity centrality, identity affirmation, and identity uncertainty. Furthermore, internal consistency and test-retest correlations indicated that the scale has good reliability. The four subscales correlated with various identity-related measures. The correlations between indicators of mental health and both negative affect and affirmation about LGB identity were mostly consistent with the current theory of minority stress, which provide evidence of good validity for the Japanese version of the LGBIS. Thus, the Japanese version of the LGBIS is suitable for the assessment of identity acceptance among the Japanese LGB population.

著者

市倉 加奈子 日野 亜弥子 田上 明日香 井村 里穂 石田 陽菜 深瀬 裕子 村山 憲男 村瀬 華子 島津 明人 平井 啓 田ヶ谷 浩邦

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.94.21046, (Released:2023-02-01)

参考文献数

39

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Workplace changes, such as remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic, have caused serious psychological distress for workers. The aim of this study was to examine job stressors and coping strategies among Japanese workers during the pandemic. The study was a qualitative methods approach using a web-based survey for Japanese workers in May 2020. We asked about job stressors and coping strategies with free text comments. We performed context analysis and categorized job stressors and coping strategies. Of the participants, 59.2 % suffered psychological stress from workplace changes during the pandemic. We identified 11 categories of job stressors including “work-life balance,” “lack of communication,” “overwork,” and “diminishing work role.” We also identified 16 categories of coping strategies including “distraction,” “dealing with work tasks,” “looking for ways to communicate,” “environmental coordination of work-at-home,” “online chatting,” and “psychological disengagement.” This study shows that Japanese workers tried many ways to manage their job stressors under the burden of the state of emergency. In the future, we should examine the association between coping strategies and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic.

著者

室山 晴美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.6, pp.454-462, 1995-02-20 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

3 2

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The first purpose of this study was to examine and define rivalry as a form of interpersonal relationship. The second was to investigate what factors most affected the interpersonal attraction between rivals. University students were indiviaually interviewed and asked whether or not they had any current or past rivals. If they had any, they were then asked to describe some aspects of their rivalry, such as the situation in which it occurred, its outcomes, the feelings toward the rival, and its effects on their and rivals' behavior. Results showed that rivals were frequently described as competitive partners sharing the same goal, having similar abilities, and affecting each other in positive ways. According to the level of attraction between the rivals, rivalry was categorized into four types: task-oriented, opponent, fellow, and good-friend. In relation to the four rivalry types, three aspects of competition were examined: equal versus unequal, onesided versus mutual, and result-oriented versus person-oriented.

著者

上田 琢哉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.4, pp.327-332, 1996-10-28 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

9 5

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In past studies, the concept of self acceptance has often been confused with self evaluation or self-esteem. The purpose of this study was to distinguish these concepts, and operationally define self-acceptance as Carl Rogers proposed: feeling all right toward the self when self-evaluation was low. Self-acceptance as adaptive resignation, a moderating variable, therefore should raise self-esteem of only those people with low self-evaluation. Self-acceptance was measuerd in the study as affirmative evaluation of own self-evaluation. Two hundred and forty college students, 120 each for men and women, completed a questionnaire of self-evaluative consciousness and self-esteem scales. Results of statistical analyses showed that among subjects with low self-evaluation, the higher self-acceptance, the higher the person's self-esteem, The same relation was not observed among those with high self-evaluation. Thus, it may be concluded that self-acceptance was adaptive resignation, and therefore meaningful to only those with low self evaluation.

著者

林 文俊 堀内 孝

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.6, pp.452-457, 1997-02-28 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

6 5

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The purpose of the present study was to evaluate H statistic, proposed by Linville (1985, 1987), as an index for cognitive complexity of the self. Linville asserted that high self-complexity would act as a buffer against life stress or depression. One hundred and eighty-seven undergraduates sorted 40 personality-trait adjectives into as many categories as necessary in order to describe themselves. In addition, 126 participants filled out several scales including self-consciousness and esteem. Main findings were as follows: (a) H statistic was not significantly associated with any variable related to the self-ratings, and showed no stress-buffering effect. (b) On the other hand, participants who had high cognitive complexity for the negative aspects of the self, as operationalized by Woolfolk, Novalany, Gara, Allen, and Polino (1995), were low in self-esteem and high in public self-consciousness. The results suggest that cognitive complexity of the negative self may indicate a predisposition for depression or neurosis. (c) Also, women scored significantly higher than men on cognitive complexity of the negative self.

著者

前原 由喜夫 梅田 聡

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第77回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.1PM-119, 2013-09-19 (Released:2020-12-14)

著者

石川 知夏 小林 哲生

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第85回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.PI-005, 2021 (Released:2022-03-30)

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言語音の印象に関する研究では,半濁音・清音・濁音の順に丸い印象を持つことが報告され,音象徴との関連から研究が進められている。しかし,日本語の濁音と半濁音はそれぞれに対応する記号(濁点と半濁点)が存在し,その形状が言語音の印象評定に影響を与える可能性がある。そこで本研究では,日本語話者と英語話者を対象として濁点と半濁点が仮名文字の丸さ-鋭さ評定に影響を与えるかを検討した。濁点・半濁点を付与可能な文字(は・ひ・ふ・へ・ほ;既存文字)と通常付与しない文字(れ・よ・レ・ヨ;新奇文字)に対して濁点と半濁点を付与したものとしないものを提示し,それぞれの文字の丸さ-鋭さを7段階で評定させた。その結果,既存・新奇いずれの文字でも日本語話者は半濁点を含む文字・清音を示す文字・濁点を含む文字の順で有意に丸いと評定し,半濁音・清音・濁音の順に丸い印象を持つという結果と一致していた。一方,英語話者は既存・新奇いずれの文字でも日本語話者と同様の結果は得られなかった。これらの結果から,母語話者にみられる濁点と半濁点の記号に関する知識が濁音と半濁音の印象評定に影響を与えている可能性が示唆された。

著者

佐藤 方哉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.6, pp.372-393, 1961 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

189

著者

江尻 桂子 松澤 明美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

日本心理学会大会発表論文集 日本心理学会第79回大会 (ISSN:24337609)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.3AM-047, 2015-09-22 (Released:2020-03-27)