著者
鷲見 尚己 青柳 道子 矢野 理香
出版者
北海道大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2018-04-01

我々は、がんから自分の健康を守るための新しいがん教育の方法論について、ピアサポートを活用し児童生徒の視点を重視して開発と評価を行うことを研究目的とした。今回、検討した新しいがん教育の方策は、児童生徒自身が睡眠や食事などの自分自身の生活での問題点、環境要因に関する問題点を見出すことは児童生徒自身のがん予防への関心を引き出し、児童生徒自身のがんに関する知識の向上、健康やがんに関する価値信念、健康行動の向上などの効果を示した。同時に、彼らの家族などの周囲の人々の健康に関する意識と行動を変化させる効果も示された。このことは、コミュニティベースでのがん予防教育につながる新しい知見であると考えられた。
著者
鈴木 夏生 古川 誠志 秦 麻理 高宮 万莉 大野 珠美 大橋 昌尚 上原 ゆり子 山田 陽子 三島 みさ子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本周産期・新生児医学会
雑誌
日本周産期・新生児医学会雑誌 (ISSN:1348964X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.2, pp.206-211, 2023 (Released:2023-09-08)
参考文献数
26

2022年1月から7月までに新型コロナ感染陽性と診断された妊婦53例と出産予定日をほぼ一致させた非感染妊婦106例を抽出し症例対照研究を行い,ワクチン接種(1回以上の接種)と最終接種からの期間(3カ月以内)の感染予防に対する有効率をオッズ比から算出した.検討集団でのワクチン接種の感染予防に対する非調整の有効率は60%,最終接種から3カ月以内の非調整の有効率は57%となった.これらを年齢と仕事の有無で調整すると,ワクチン接種の有効率は59%(95%信頼区間:-6.0%〜84%),最終接種から3カ月以内の有効率は54%(-6.0%〜80%)となり,感染予防に有効である傾向は認めた.
著者
Handa Akihiro
出版者
公益社団法人 日本食品科学工学会
雑誌
日本食品科学工学会誌 (ISSN:1341027X)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.NSKKK-D-23-00099, (Released:2023-12-08)

卵白タンパク質は, 加熱により構造が部分的に壊れ, 非共有結合および共有結合を介して凝集しネットワークを形成してゲル化する. 卵白加熱ゲルの物性は, 卵白を使用した食品の食感に大きな影響を与えるので, その制御技術やメカニズムが広く研究されてきた. 卵白の加熱ゲル化には, 従来から知られている疎水的相互作用やジスルフィド結合のほかにランチオニン結合やリジノアラニン結合が深く関与していること, さらには乾燥卵白の乾熱処理による卵白タンパク質の可溶性凝集体の形成にもそれらの共有結合が関与していることが近年明らかになった. 卵白の加熱ゲル化性を制御するには, 卵白タンパク質の可溶性凝集体形成を制御することがキーファクターと考えられ, メイラード反応や電気化学反応など様々な方法による凝集体形成とそのゲル化性の研究が行われている.
著者
和田 悌司
出版者
公益社団法人 日本薬理学会
雑誌
日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.141, no.1, pp.22-26, 2013 (Released:2013-01-10)
参考文献数
39

骨転移は乳がん,前立腺がん,甲状腺がん,腎がん,肺がんをはじめとする種々のがん患者において高頻度で認められ,その患者数は増加する傾向にあると言われている.骨転移はしばしば重大な骨関連事象(病的骨折,脊髄圧迫,骨への放射線治療,または骨に対する外科的処置)を引き起こし,患者のQuality of Lifeを著しく低下させることから,骨関連事象の発現を抑制することが望まれている.骨病変とその結果として生じる骨関連事象には,骨内に進入したがん細胞とそれを取り巻く骨環境が関与している.骨内でがん細胞は骨芽細胞等を介してRANKL(receptor activator for nuclear factor-κB ligand:RANKリガンド)の発現上昇を引き起こす.RANKLは破骨細胞の形成,機能,および生存を司る必須の因子であり,破骨細胞および破骨細胞前駆細胞に発現するRANKL受容体(RANK)に結合し,破骨細胞による骨吸収を促進することで骨破壊を誘導する.骨吸収の際にはがん細胞の増殖や生存を促す因子が放出され,がん細胞のさらなる自己増強(悪循環)に陥る.非臨床試験において,この「悪循環」に重要な役割を果たす分子のひとつであるRANKLを阻害することで,骨病変の進行抑制が認められることが乳がん,前立腺がん,および肺がんのマウスモデル等において確認されている.近年,ヒトRANKLに特異的かつ高い親和性を示すヒト型抗RANKLモノクローナル抗体,デノスマブによるRANKL阻害への期待が寄せられていることから,本稿では,デノスマブの作用機序およびデノスマブの標的であるRANKLに関して基礎研究データを概説するとともに,RANKL/RANK経路に関する最近の研究を紹介する.
著者
Hiroshi Serizawa Takashi Amemiya Kiminori Itoh
出版者
Japan Society for Simulation Technology
雑誌
日本シミュレーション学会英文誌 (ISSN:21885303)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.10, no.2, pp.221-246, 2023 (Released:2023-12-08)
参考文献数
43

We present a minimal version of Landscape Evolution Models (LEMs) to capture the essence of tree-shaped channel network formation on the assumption of two mechanisms, soil erosion and diffusion. The continuous tectonic uplift is not required, which affects landscape evolution only at the starting point. We refer to the mathematical model as the Erosion-Diffusion Model (EDM). No steady state exists in the EDM except for the perfectly flat plane, which is realized at the ultimate final stage of the landform transition. It is suggested that generated channel patterns are temporal and transient creatures during long-term gravitational and erosional processes on the earth.
著者
樺澤 貴宏 上田 玲子 阿部 啓子 浦野 孝太郎 明道 聖子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本家政学会
雑誌
日本家政学会誌 (ISSN:09135227)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.74, no.11, pp.617-626, 2023 (Released:2023-12-08)
参考文献数
20

熱中症対策飲料の嗜好性と消費者の生理状態の関連性を明確にするために多変量解析を行った. 「イオンぷらす」 ((株) タケショー製 ; 粉末) の3濃度の試料Na57, Na48, Na41を入浴 (湯温40℃, 15分間) 前後に品質特性5項目 (採点法) と印象10項目 (Semantic Differential法) について社内パネル21名が評価した. 入浴後に「酸味」がNa48とNa57で有意 (α<0.01, α<0.05) に, 「塩味」と「おいしさ」がNa41で有意 (α<0.05) に増加した (Wilcoxonの順位和検定). 品質特性と印象を統合して因子分析を適用した結果, 「すっきり感」「飲みやすさ」「酸・塩味」「果汁感」と命名した4つの因子 (累積寄与率59.8%) が抽出された. これらの因子得点は, 入浴の前後と試料の濃度に応じて変化し, 因子軸座標上で可視化できた. 入浴前後別の因子分析から, 入浴後は特に印象の嗜好要因で試料を知覚していることが示唆された. 発汗についての本研究は, 生理変化による飲料の嗜好性を客観的に明らかにする方法として有用である.
著者
大泉 正一 田中 康裕 飯田 隆幸
出版者
一般社団法人 水素エネルギー協会
雑誌
水素エネルギーシステム (ISSN:13416995)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, no.3, pp.159-164, 2020 (Released:2023-11-18)

The new fuel cell train “Series FV-E991” is under development by JR East, and equipped with a hybrid system using the hydrogen fuel cell and storage battery as power sources. It is going to be the world’s first fuel cell train using 70MPa high-pressure hydrogen enabling longer distance running which is not possible with 35MPa hydrogen.We plan to start demonstration tests of Series FV-E991 on commercial lines from 2021FY. In these tests, we will collect data toward practical use, such as the optimization of the fuel cell technology and the investigation of the technical development items related to ground facilities.We aim at the early commercialization of high-performance and safe fuel cell train that meets the stringent standards of Japan’s railways which are principally operated in densely populated areas.
著者
Jianbo WANG Haozhi HUANG Li SHEN Xuan WANG Toshihiko YAMASAKI
出版者
The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers
雑誌
IEICE TRANSACTIONS on Information and Systems (ISSN:09168532)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.E106-D, no.12, pp.2085-2096, 2023-12-01

The image-to-image translation aims to learn a mapping between the source and target domains. For improving visual quality, the majority of previous works adopt multi-stage techniques to refine coarse results in a progressive manner. In this work, we present a novel approach for generating plausible details by only introducing a group of intermediate supervisions without cascading multiple stages. Specifically, we propose a Laplacian Pyramid Transformation Generative Adversarial Network (LapTransGAN) to simultaneously transform components in different frequencies from the source domain to the target domain within only one stage. Hierarchical perceptual and gradient penalization are utilized for learning consistent semantic structures and details at each pyramid level. The proposed model is evaluated based on various metrics, including the similarity in feature maps, reconstruction quality, segmentation accuracy, similarity in details, and qualitative appearances. Our experiments show that LapTransGAN can achieve a much better quantitative performance than both the supervised pix2pix model and the unsupervised CycleGAN model. Comprehensive ablation experiments are conducted to study the contribution of each component.
著者
堀川 寛
出版者
一般社団法人 日本家族心理学会
雑誌
家族心理学研究 (ISSN:09150625)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.24, no.2, pp.116-128, 2010-11-30 (Released:2023-04-05)
参考文献数
18

Social Withdrawal, “Hikikomori” in Japanese, has been a serious social problem for over twenty years in Japan. Although it is almost impossible to know the clear numbers of Hikikomori, from about half million to million people could be categorized in this term. A lot of studies and researches have been issued to elucidate the reason and to find out the solution of this problem. Some of the researchers began to shed light on Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) as one of the major causes of Hikikomori, recently. The purpose of this study is to make clear the relation between PDD and Hikikomori, and the features of Hikikomori caused by PDD, by the interview with five mothers of Hikikomori sons. The result of the interview shows some significant ideas which help us understand why these people became Hikikomori. Although the symptoms of PDD appeared even from childhood, mothers did not take them seriously. After some problems happened on their sons, the mothers went to the public health center. But they had to go to different specialists until they could get a clear diagnosis. Even after their sons were diagnosed PDD, they could not get the particular support for their sons, so that their situations have not been improved yet.
著者
Yoshimune Nonomura Haruna Ogura Tatsunari Ueda Masashi Shibata Kousuke Hiromori Naomi Shibasaki-Kitakawa
出版者
Japan Oil Chemists' Society
雑誌
Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.72, no.8, pp.767-773, 2023 (Released:2023-08-01)
参考文献数
18

Raw materials suitable for a sustainable society have attracted interest in the cosmetics industry. We focused on rice bran as a sustainable material and evaluated the gelation behavior of paraffin extracted from rice bran (rice paraffin) against liquid paraffin, squalane, jojoba oil, and silicone oil. In addition, the frictional properties of the prepared organogel on an artificial skin surface were evaluated using a sinusoidal motion friction evaluation system. Rice paraffin solidified all oils even at the lowest wax concentration of 5 wt%. The hardness and kinetic friction coefficient μ k increased with an increase in the wax composition. The hardness and μ k of organogels solidified with rice paraffin were smaller than those of gels solidified with petroleum-derived paraffin. These differences are caused by the smaller carbon amount of rice paraffin. The friction parameters depended on the type of oil: the μ k of RLG composed of rice and liquid paraffin was greater than that of the other three oils (R, L, and G denote rice paraffin, liquid paraffin, and gel, respectively). These findings promote the development of lipsticks and cleansing gels consisting of sustainable development goal-responsive raw materials.
著者
Natsuko Watanabe Jaeduk Yoshimura Noh Ai Kozaki Ran Yoshimura Ai Yoshihara Nami Suzuki Masako Matsumoto Miho Fukushita Aya Kinoshita Azusa Aida Hideyuki Imai Shigenori Hiruma Toshu Inoue Kosuke Inoue Kiminori Sugino Koichi Ito
出版者
The Japan Endocrine Society
雑誌
Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, no.11, pp.1087-1096, 2023 (Released:2023-11-28)
参考文献数
40

Appropriate administration of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive treatment (AIIST) is important for patients with Graves’ orbitopathy (GO). This study aimed to clarify the incidence and risk factors for GO treated with AIIST and propose a predictive score, among newly diagnosed Graves’ disease (GD) patients in Japan. A total of 1,553 GD patients who were newly diagnosed during the year 2011 were investigated. AIIST included local and/or systemic glucocorticoid administration and retrobulbar irradiation. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the risk factors for GO underwent AIIST during medical treatment, including at diagnosis, of GD. Then, a GO score was created by summing each point assigned to risk factors based on their coefficient obtained in the Cox model. AIIST was administered to 107 patients (6.9%). The risk factors and hazard ratios for GO underwent AIIST were: age (per 10 years), 1.32 (95% confidence interval: 1.16–1.50), p < 0.0001; TSH binding inhibitory immunoglobulin (TBII) (per 10 IU/L), 1.33 (1.15–1.54), p = 0.0001; and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) negativity, 2.98 (1.96–4.59), p < 0.0001. The GO score, ranging from 0 to 8 points, showed moderate performance (area under the curve: 0.71, cut-off value: 5 points, sensitivity: 0.76, specificity: 0.59, positive predictive value: 0.12, negative predictive value: 0.97). AIIST was performed for patients with active manifestations of GO in 6.9% of newly diagnosed GD patients. The risk factors for GO underwent AIIST were higher age, higher TBII, and TgAb negativity. The GO score based on these factors may be useful in managing GO.
著者
山本 浩範 竹井 悠一郎 香西 美奈 田中 更沙 坂本 達昭 池田 涼子
出版者
公益社団法人 日本ビタミン学会
雑誌
ビタミン (ISSN:0006386X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.87, no.9, pp.514-518, 2013-09-25 (Released:2017-08-10)

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D_3, an active form of vitamin D_3, which plays a central role in the regulation of calcium and bone homeostasis through vitamin D receptor (VDR). In 1994, Morrison and colleagues first reported that bone mineral density was associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the intron 8 of human VDR gene. In 1997, we clarified the whole structure of the human VDR genome and reported the relationship between FokI and Cdx-2 SNPs in the human VDR gene and bone density in Japanese women. Osteoporosis is known as one of multifactorial genetic diseases and its occurrence is associated with not only genetic factors but also environmental factors, lifestyle such as diet and exercise, aging, and abnormal bone mineral metabolism. Therefore, it can be expected that the identification of osteoporosis-related genes including the VDR gene will lead to the development of new methods to treat and to protect against osteoporosis, although there are several statistical problems for data analysis.