著者

Kazuki Nakashima Aiko Ishida

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.2023022, 2023 (Released:2023-08-11)

参考文献数

37

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Abstracts: Skeletal muscles have a high demand for ATP, which is met largely through mitochondria oxidative phosphorylation. Autophagy is essential for the maintenance of skeletal muscle mass under catabolic conditions. This study investigated the effect of uncoupling mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation on autophagy in chicken skeletal muscle. Chick myotubes were incubated with the mitochondrial uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP) at 25 μM for 3h. CCCP prevented the phosphorylation of p70 ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (Thr389), S6 ribosomal protein (Ser240/244), and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (Thr37/46), which are the measures of the mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity. CCCP significantly increased cytoplasmic and mitochondrial LC3-II content, which act as indices of index for autophagosome formation and mitophagy, respectively, but did not influence the expression of autophagy-related genes LC3B, GABARAPL1, and ATG12. Finally, surface sensing of translation method revealed that protein synthesis, a highly energy consuming process, was significantly decreased upon CCCP treatment. These results indicate that the uncoupling of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation stimulates autophagy and inhibits protein synthesis through mTORC1 signaling in chick myotube cultures.

著者

Motoi Kikusato Masaaki Toyomizu

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.2023021, 2023 (Released:2023-08-09)

参考文献数

168

被引用文献数

1

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Poultry meat and egg production benefits from a smaller carbon footprint, as well as feed and water consumption, per unit of product, than other protein sources. Therefore, maintaining a sustainable production of poultry meat is important to meet the increasing global demand for this staple. Heat stress experienced during the summer season or in tropical/subtropical areas negatively affects the productivity and health of chickens. Crucially, its impact is predicted to grow with the acceleration of global warming. Heat stress affects the physiology, metabolism, and immune response of chickens, causing electrolyte imbalance, oxidative stress, endocrine disorders, inflammation, and immunosuppression. These changes do not occur independently, pointing to a systemic mechanism. Recently, intestinal homeostasis has been identified as an important contributor to nutrient absorption and the progression of systemic inflammation. Its mechanism of action is thought to involve neuroendocrine signaling, antioxidant response, the presence of oxidants in the diet, and microbiota composition. The present review focuses on the effect of heat stress on intestinal dysfunction in chickens and the underlying causative factors. Understanding these mechanisms will direct the design of strategies to mitigate the negative effect of heat stress, while benefiting both animal health and sustainable poultry production.

著者

Mitsuhiro Shibata Atsushi Iwasawa Masato Yayota

出版者

Japan Poultry Science Association

雑誌

The Journal of Poultry Science (ISSN:13467395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.2, pp.2023020, 2023 (Released:2023-08-09)

参考文献数

62

被引用文献数

1

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Yolk sac membranes of layer eggs were collected daily (n = 7–9) from day three of incubation to day three post-hatch, and mRNA expression and activities were quantified for key gluconeogenesis enzymes (glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, cytosolic and mitochondrial phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinases, and pyruvate carboxylase). Lactate, triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, glycogen, and glucose in the yolk sac membrane, and blood glucose levels were also measured. The mRNA expression and activity were detected for all enzymes. Differences in expression levels and enzyme activities seemed to reflect the embryo’s developmental environment and physiological demands at different developmental stages. During the first week to the mid-second week of incubation, the expression and activity of gluconeogenic enzymes and lactate concentrations were high, suggesting an active period of gluconeogenesis from lactate, reflecting possible hypoxia in the embryo before completed formation of the chorioallantoic capillaries. From the mid-second week to mid-third week, when embryos were in an aerobic state, the triglyceride and non-esterified fatty acid contents increased in the yolk sac. Triglycerides from yolk lipids are typically hydrolyzed to produce non-esterified fatty acids as an energy source, whereas the glycerol skeleton is used for gluconeogenesis. In the late third week, when embryos were considered to re-enter an anaerobic state, the mRNA expression and enzyme activity of only glucose-6-phosphatase were high and the amount of glycogen in the yolk sac was reduced. Therefore, it is suggested that gluconeogenesis activity is low during this period, and the carbohydrates stored in the yolk sac membrane are secreted into the blood as energy for hatching. This study confirmed the role of the yolk sac membrane as a vital gluconeogenic organ during chicken egg incubation.

著者

Hubing Zhao Yingyu Huo Gangren Yang Xiaozhu Liu Zhongtai Li Diao Luo Xiaoyu Zhao Xu Li

出版者

Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology

雑誌

Food Science and Technology Research (ISSN:13446606)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.FSTR-D-23-00033, (Released:2023-08-11)

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In order to solve the abnormal fermentation problems caused by the slow and difficult temperature rise in the saccharification piling during the fermentation of sauce-flavor baijiu under low temperatures in winter. A special oxygen dissolving device made of stainless steel was applied in the second sorghum input of sauce-flavor baijiu, as well as the 1th and 2th rounds of saccharification piling fermentation in this study. In addition, its effects on the saccharification piling temperature, the 1 th and 2th rounds of physical and chemical indicators, microbial population, and flavor components are analyzed. The results indicate that the use of a stainless steel oxygen dissolver significantly increased the "piling core" temperature of a saccharification piling and that this improvement was highly correlated with the oxygen dissolver. Additionally, it decreased the water content, sugar concentration, and acidity of the "piling core" of the saccharification piling, all of which were negatively correlated with the height of the dissolved oxygen reactor. Furthermore, the stainless steel special dissolved oxygen device also facilitated the growth and reproduction of saccharification piling microorganisms, particularly yeast. The use of the stainless steel special dissolved oxygen device, therefore, resulted in an increase in the concentration of acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, propanol, isoamyl alcohol, β-phenylethanol, ethyl palmitate, and other flavoring compounds. Accordingly, the stainless steel special oxygen dissolving device demonstrates a significant application potential in the 1th and 2th rounds of saccharification piling fermentation of sauce-flavor baijiu.

著者

伊東 孝之

出版者

北海道大学スラブ研究センター

雑誌

スラヴ研究 (ISSN:05626579)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, pp.53-96, 1973

著者

ゲーバー アイバー

出版者

日本メディア学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, pp.37-50, 2002-07-31 (Released:2017-10-06)

著者

新城 文絵

出版者

関東社会学会

雑誌

年報社会学論集 (ISSN:09194363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2004, no.17, pp.178-189, 2004-08-10 (Released:2010-04-21)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

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In this paper I address education in Northern Ireland a country marked conflict between segregated Protestant and Catholic communities. Although the educational system has been separate for the two communities, some new movements for reconciliation have appeared. What I focus on mainly is the Education for Mutual Understanding (EMU) and ‘integrated schools’. The main purpose of this paper is to consider these new efforts in the context of ‘multicultural education’. First, I provide an historical outline of education and schools in Northern Ireland. Second, I describe and analyse the tow movements. By examining these experiments, we gain a fresh perspective on new movements for multicultural education.

著者

生方 翔也 樋口 秀

出版者

公益社団法人 日本都市計画学会

雑誌

都市計画論文集 (ISSN:09160647)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.3, pp.808-815, 2022-10-25 (Released:2022-10-25)

参考文献数

9

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新潟県湯沢町では、バブル経済をピークに58棟ものリゾートマンションが建設されたが、バブル経済の崩壊後は管理の優先度の低さからの管理費や修繕積立金の滞納が問題となった。しかし、近年ではリゾートマンションに定住するというケースが増えてきている。本研究では、定住化に伴う課題を抽出し、リゾートマンションの利活用を進めるうえで必要となる施策を考察する。 結果として、①定住者は町外からの高齢者の単独もしくは夫婦世帯が多いこと②リゾートマンション居住に対する満足度が高いこと③オーナーも定住者の増加を肯定的に受け止めていることが明らかになった。一方で、定住化に伴う課題として、高齢者問題、駐車場不足、定住に適さない物件が存在することが明らかになった。今後、行政によるマンション内の状況把握、リゾートマンションの類型化が必要である。

著者

安藤 勝己 美根 和典 金沢 文高 堤 卓也 中川 哲也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本心身医学会

雑誌

心身医学 (ISSN:03850307)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.5, pp.422-423, 1993-06-01 (Released:2017-08-01)

著者

山本 耕平

出版者

日本音楽教育学会

雑誌

音楽教育学 (ISSN:02896907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.1, pp.25-36, 2019 (Released:2020-08-31)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1

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本研究は, 作曲家の林光 (1931~2012) が日本教職員組合主催の教育研究全国集会に講師として参加していた1960年代後半から1970年代を中心に取り上げ, 彼の音楽教育論を明らかにすることを目的とする。林は1950年代にうたごえ運動や労音などの社会運動と積極的に関わる中で, 「民衆芸術論」の実践をこれらの社会運動に見出していた。そして後に彼は1968年から教育研究全国集会に講師として参加し, 民衆芸術論を基に「歌うことを中心とした音楽教育」を構想した。歌曲の教材選択について林は教科書にこだわらず子どもたちが生き生きと歌えるものを選ぶべきだと考えていた。そして教師の伴奏については, 楽譜通りに弾くことよりもむしろ教師の持てる技術の中で子どもの歌声を引き出すことを重視していた。林の音楽教育論とは, 知識や技術を重視する傾向にあった当時の音楽教育に対し, 子どもが主体的に音楽を楽しむ中で人間的に成長していくことを目指すものであった。

著者

石丸 知宏 宮内 健悟 桑原 恵介 服部 理裕 根本 博

出版者

公益財団法人大原記念労働科学研究所

雑誌

労働科学 (ISSN:0022443X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.94, no.1, pp.12-18, 2018 (Released:2019-12-10)

参考文献数

30

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うつ病の診断に関するWebサイトの信頼性を評価した。GoogleとYahoo!で「うつ病(または鬱病・うつ・鬱)」と「診断」を組み合わせた単語を検索し,59サイトが対象となった。著者の名前や所属,引用文献や情報源,投稿日を記載していたWebサイトは約1-2割であった。独自の自己評価尺度(33.0%),除外基準の記載がない(18.6%),質問項目数や選択肢数の不足(16.9%)などの不適切な情報が認められた。Webサイト運営者の種類によってWebサイトの信頼性は異なった。運営者による医療情報の質の差を考慮しながら,適切な情報が提供されるように,インターネット上の医療情報の仕組みづくりや利用者の判断力を向上させるような啓発を促進する必要がある。(表3)

著者

相場 しのぶ

出版者

金沢大学教育学部金沢大学教育学部学校教育教員養成課程 = Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, The Faculty of Education, Kanazawa University

雑誌

金沢大学教育学部学校教育教員養成課程(保健体育)・スポーツ科学課程卒業論文抄録 = Excerpta of Graduational Thesis on Physical Education, Health and Sport Sciences, The Faculty of Education, Kanazawa University

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.2003, pp.17-20, 2004-03-01

著者

佐川 陽子

出版者

社会デザイン学会

雑誌

社会デザイン学会学会誌 (ISSN:18846378)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.73-83, 2021-03-31 (Released:2021-04-16)

参考文献数

26

著者

Yoshie Hose Junko Ishihara Ayaka Kotemori Misako Nakadate Sachiko Maruya Junta Tanaka Hiroshi Yatsuya Atsuko Aoyama Chifa Chiang Tsuneo Konta Takamasa Kayama Yoshiyuki Ueno Manami Inoue Norie Sawada Shoichiro Tsugane Ribeka Takachi

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.8, pp.419-427, 2023-08-05 (Released:2023-08-05)

参考文献数

25

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Background: Recent innovations in information and communication technology have made it possible to assess diet using web-based methods; however, their applicability in the general population remains unclear. Hence, we aimed to examine the applicability of a web-based 24-hour dietary recall (24HR) tool to large-scale epidemiological studies by determining the sampling rate and characteristics of randomly selected participants from a Japanese cohort study.Methods: In total, 5,013 individuals were recruited from a cohort of 21,537 individuals, and 975 agreed to participate in this study. The participants selected either self-administered web-based dietary 24HR (self-administered 24HR) or interviewer-administered telephone-based 24HR (interviewer-administered 24HR) as the method for the dietary assessment and answered questions regarding the acceptability of the system.Results: The response rate of the 975 participants was 19.4%, corresponding to approximately 4.5% of the total study sample. About half of them chose the self-administered 24HR (46.9%). The median time required for the self-administered and interviewer-administered 24HR was 25 and 27 minutes, respectively. In the self-administered 24HR, older people, regardless of sex, tended to require a longer time, and approximately 60% of the participants rated the ease of use of the system as “somewhat difficult” or “difficult.”Conclusion: Characteristics of the participants in this study were not systemically different from those of the entire study sample. Improvements in the approach to entering cooking details and the dish name selection may be necessary for better acceptability in order to be accepted as a self-administered dietary recall tool.

著者

中井 大貴 河南 壮太 田原 映理 山本 有貴 福山 尚 五味 文 角所 考 岡留 剛

出版者

The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers

雑誌

電子情報通信学会論文誌 D (ISSN:18804535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.J106-D, no.8, pp.419-430, 2023-08-01

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非侵襲な検査を可能にする光干渉断層計(OCT: Optical Coherence Tomography)によるスキャン画像において,網膜の層の厚みと,視力や病状との関係性を捉えるためには,画像における網膜の層を抽出する必要がある.本研究では,網膜剥離を伴う眼科疾患におけるOCTスキャン画像で網膜の層を抽出する手法を提案する.その手法では,各層に対し,それぞれの特徴を反映したコスト関数の最小化により層の境界を決定し,とりわけ,治療後視力と相関があると考えられる厚みを求めるために必要な網膜剥離領域の輪郭線と内境界膜・外境界膜が抽出できる.その応用として,得られた境界から層の厚みに関する特徴量を算出し,中心性漿液性脈絡網膜症の治療後視力を予測するARDガウス過程回帰を構築し,予測に有意な特徴量が,中心窩における内境界膜から外境界膜までの長さと,外境界膜から網膜色素上皮までの長さの剥離前後での変化度であることを明らかにした.

著者

Toshiharu NAGATSU

出版者

The Japan Academy

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.10, pp.388-415, 2006 (Released:2007-01-12)

参考文献数

137

被引用文献数

31 52

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Catecholamines [dopamine, noradrenaline (norepinephrine), and adrenaline (epinephrine); CAs] are neurotransmitters in the central and peripheral nervous systems as well as hormones in the endocrine system. CAs in the brain play a central role in versatile functions as slow-acting neurotransmitters functioning in synaptic neurotransmission, modulating the effects of fast-acting neurotransmitters such as glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In this review, I focus on recent advances in the biochemistry and molecular biology of the CA system in humans in health and disease, especially in neuropsychiatric diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD), in relation to the biosynthesis of CAs regulated by a pteridine-dependent monooxygenase, tyrosine 3-monooxygenase (tyrosine hydroxylase, TH) and its pteridine cofactor, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4). (Communicated by Tamio YAMAKAWA, M.J.A.)

著者

山﨑 喜代宏

出版者

研究・イノベーション学会

雑誌

研究 技術 計画 (ISSN:09147020)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.339-352, 2017-10-31 (Released:2018-04-01)

参考文献数

33

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This paper deals with a process of changing competitive factors based on a Nintendo case study in a stationary game console industry. An existence game console has been developed under a product concept "high-performance game machine" with high speed CPU and GPU. On the other hand, Nintendo could not only reduce CPU and GPU performance but also emphasize the new competitive factors of communication tool for family with the simple operability of controller and family friendly game software. In other words, it proposed new product concept "the game machine by which family can play".This paper focuses on a fundamental technology and examine the hypothetical product development process of the firm without fundamental technology. As Nintendo has not owned the fundamental technology, the necessity which searched differentiation factors caused new competitive factor creation.

著者

濱中 修

出版者

日本文学協会

雑誌

日本文学 (ISSN:03869903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.7, pp.13-23, 1992-07-10 (Released:2017-08-01)

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童子の境界的存在としての姿を室町物語の絵画と文章を通して具体的に見ていきたい。童子にとって笛は近しい楽器であるが、その奏される場が山・峠・鬼国などであるのは童子の境界的性格を考える上で興味深い。更に彼等は境界的世界を漂泊するべく運命づけられている如くであるが、そこで境界的人間、中でも非人などと濃厚な交わりを持っていることの意味は重い。神話的物語より出発して、やがて社会的な視点・意識を明瞭に獲得していったものと思われる。中世後期から近世初期にかけての庶民文学の貴重なる達成であろう。

著者

松下 光範

出版者

一般社団法人 システム制御情報学会

雑誌

システム/制御/情報 (ISSN:09161600)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.3, pp.113-117, 2019-03-15 (Released:2019-09-15)

参考文献数

32

著者

三井 登

出版者

北海道大学大学院

雑誌

北海道大学大学院教育学研究科紀要 (ISSN:13457543)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, pp.117-157, 2001-06