著者
高槻 成紀 鈴木 和男
出版者
日本哺乳類学会
雑誌
哺乳類科学 (ISSN:0385437X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.2, pp.133-139, 2022 (Released:2022-08-10)
参考文献数
25

In the temperate zones, mammalian body weight increases via fat deposition prior to the onset of winter. However, seasonal variations in the body weight of wild raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides) have never been assessed. We assessed seasonal changes in raccoon dog body weight using 118 males and 77 females aged at least 1 year in Wakayama, western Japan. Mean body weight was lowest in May (3.4 kg) and peaked in November (4.1 kg), representing an increase of 21.2% from summer to autumn. This pattern of body weight change is likely to reflect caloric consumption and use throughout the year, given that raccoon dogs consume fruit to increase body fat in autumn, and then utilize their fat resources during winter.
著者
佐々木 大介
出版者
北星学園大学
雑誌
若手研究(B)
巻号頁・発行日
2006

科学研究費の支給を受け、東アジアにおける手話言語、日本手話、台湾手話、韓国手話の語彙比較研究を行なった。データ収録のためのハイビジョンカメラ、データ分析のためのコンピューターなどの機器を購入したほか、データ収集のために韓国に2度訪問した。これらの研究の成果は、2007年刊行の書籍に論文を寄稿したほか、5回の学会発表(うち国際学会2回)で報告した。I compared the lexical items of sign languages in East Asia, namely, Japanese Sign Language, Taiwan Sign Language, and Korean Sign Language. Besides purchasing equipments including an HD camcorder for data recording and computers for data analysis, I visited Korea twice to collect data from native deaf signers of Korean Sign Language. An article appeared in a book published in 2007, and I presented five papers at conferences (three domestic and two international).
著者
Junnichi Ishii Kosuke Kashiwabara Yukio Ozaki Hiroshi Takahashi Fumihiko Kitagawa Hideto Nishimura Hideki Ishii Satoshi Iimuro Hideki Kawai Takashi Muramatsu Hiroyuki Naruse Hiroshi Iwata Sadako Tanizawa-Motoyama Hiroyasu Ito Eiichi Watanabe Yutaka Matsuyama Yoshihiro Fukumoto Ichiro Sakuma Yoshihisa Nakagawa Kiyoshi Hibi Takafumi Hiro Seiji Hokimoto Katsumi Miyauchi Hiroshi Ohtsu Hideo Izawa Hisao Ogawa Hiroyuki Daida Hiroaki Shimokawa Yasushi Saito Takeshi Kimura Masunori Matsuzaki Ryozo Nagai
出版者
Japan Atherosclerosis Society
雑誌
Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.10, pp.1458-1474, 2022-10-01 (Released:2022-10-01)
参考文献数
33
被引用文献数
1 11

Aim: We investigated the relationship between small dense low-density cholesterol (sdLDL-C) and risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients treated with high- or low-dose statin therapy.Methods: This was a prospective case-cohort study within the Randomized Evaluation of Aggressive or Moderate Lipid-Lowering Therapy with Pitavastatin in Coronary Artery Disease (REAL-CAD) study, a randomized trial of high- or low-dose (4 or 1 mg/d pitavastatin, respectively) statin therapy, in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Serum sdLDL-C was determined using an automated homogenous assay at baseline (randomization after a rule-in period, >1 month with 1 mg/d pitavastatin) and 6 months after randomization, in 497 MACE cases, and 1543 participants randomly selected from the REAL-CAD study population.Results: High-dose pitavastatin reduced sdLDL-C by 20% than low-dose pitavastatin (p for interaction <0.001). Among patients receiving low-dose pitavastatin, baseline sdLDL-C demonstrated higher MACE risk independent of LDL-C (hazard ratio [95% confidence interval], 4th versus 1st quartile, 1.67 [1.04–2.68]; p for trend=0.034). High-dose (versus low-dose) pitavastatin reduced MACE risk by 46% in patients in the highest baseline sdLDL-C quartile (>34.3 mg/dL; 0.54 [0.36–0.81]; p=0.003), but increased relative risk by 40% in patients with 1st quartile (≤ 19.5 mg/dL; 1.40 [0.94–2.09]; p=0.099) and did not alter risk in those in 2nd and 3rd quartiles (p for interaction=0.002).Conclusions: These findings associate sdLDL-C and cardiovascular risk, independent of LDL-C, in statin-treated CAD patients. Notably, high-dose statin therapy reduces this risk in those with the highest baseline sdLDL-C.
著者
安倍 啓貴
出版者
公益社団法人 日本地理学会
雑誌
日本地理学会発表要旨集 2021年度日本地理学会春季学術大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.187, 2021 (Released:2021-03-29)

1.はじめに 日本には様々な局地風が存在するが, 六甲おろしはその中でも有名な局地風の一つである。六甲おろしは, 神戸市の六甲山地から吹き下ろす比較的強い北風である。その発生機構について, 近畿地方を通過した前線や低気圧に伴う冷気が六甲山地の北西に滞留したのち溢れ出すことで発生するということがわかっている(猪野ら,2008)。また, 六甲おろしが吹走する天気図のパターンについては, 冬型の気圧配置となる時, あるいは寒冷前線の通過時に多いことがわかっている(日下ら,2007)。 以上のことから, 六甲おろしの発生機構や天気図のパターンについては, ある程度の知見が得られている。しかし,六甲おろしの実態についての科学的な解析は進められていない。また,六甲おろしの吹走の傾向を複数地点で比較した研究はほとんどない。 そこで, 本研究では六甲おろしの実態を系統的に調査し,六甲おろしの風速や吹走頻度の地域差を明らかにすることを目的とする。2.方法(1)使用データと解析対象期間 神戸市環境常時監視システムの測定局の六甲山(図1中M.R), ポートタワー(Pt), 灘(Na), 灘浜(Nh), 東灘(En), 六甲アイランド(Ri), 港島(Mi), 兵庫南部(Hs), 南五葉(Sg)の、風向および風速の1時間データを使用した。なお,南五葉(Sg)は六甲山地より北側にある観測地点であり,六甲おろしの風速が六甲山地より南側で大きくなっていることを確認するためにデータを使用した。また, 2014年4月〜2019年3月を解析対象期間とした。(2)六甲おろしの定義 本研究では猪野ら(2008)および安倍(2017)をもとに, 風速が8.5m/s以上でかつ風向が西北西〜北である風を六甲おろしと定義した。(3)解析対象期間の抽出と解析手法 六甲おろしの定義に該当する日を,解析対象期間から抽出した。なお六甲おろしが1時間でも吹走した日を六甲おろし吹走日とした。抽出できた六甲おろし吹走日計989日を解析対象日とした。その後,観測地点毎に六甲おろしの風速や吹走頻度を比較した。六甲おろしの風速については、最大風速および平均風速についての風況マップを作成した。3.結果と考察 表2に観測地点ごとの六甲おろしの吹走日数を示す。Naは吹走日数が5年間で78日であるのに対して,Miは5年間で0日という結果になった。したがって,六甲おろしの吹走頻度は神戸市の中で大きな地域差があることが明らかになった。 六甲おろしの強さについて,図2-aは最大風速の分布に言及する。山頂付近に観測地点があるM.RやPtは,標高が高いため風速が大きい。一方で,標高にその他の観測地点と大きな差がないNaでも最大風速は15.1m/s-18.0m/sと,値が大きかった。そして山の麓から離れるにしたがって,次第に風速が小さくなっていくことが示された。 図2-bは平均風速の分布である。最大風速の分布と同様,M.RやPtは標高が高いため風速が大きく,Naではその他の観測地点と比べて風速が比較的大きい。最大風速の分布と同様,山の麓からの距離が長くなるにつれて,六甲おろしの風速は小さくなっていることが示された。しかし,EnとNaについては,山の麓からの距離はほぼ等しい。それにもかかわらず風速に差があるのは,観測地点の北側斜面における谷筋の有無が関係している可能性が考えられる。
著者
石井 夏生利
出版者
情報法制学会
雑誌
情報法制研究 (ISSN:24330264)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.1, pp.11-27, 2017 (Released:2019-10-02)

This article overviews laws and recent developments on protecting privacy and personal data in Canada, so that contribute to the future discussion in Japan. Canada has developed its own privacy and personal data protection system in line with respecting the efforts taken by the European Union and the United States. Privacy by Design, advanced by Dr. Ann Cavoukian, has been acknowledged worldwide. I have dealt with these surroundings on privacy and personal data protection in Canada in this article. The challenges which can be found from overviewing Canadian legislations are, for example, the limitations of Ombudsmen authorities both in the federal and the provincial level; the need for obliging Privacy Impact Assessments and data breach notifications; the issue on the jurisdiction between the federal law and provincial laws; data localization provisions enacted in a specific province, the concern about the “adequacy decision” made by the European Commission. Privacy by Design has played an important role to heighten the international presence of Canada, done by its special efforts. It has become well known also among Japanese stakeholders. However, we have not only to understand the notion of Privacy by Design, but also to consider how to implement the foundational principles. Trying to solve the domestic issues along with harmonizing the international developments is the common need both in Canada and Japan. It is necessary to continuously look at discussions in Canada because they are instructive for Japanese discussions.
著者
神保 美紗子 市原 千花 内海 貴大 谷口 誠哉 北川 英俊 溝神 文博
出版者
一般社団法人 日本老年薬学会
雑誌
日本老年薬学会雑誌 (ISSN:24334065)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, no.2, pp.21-28, 2023-06-30 (Released:2023-07-22)
参考文献数
14

In recent years, there have been many reports on how polypharmacy is addressed in hospitals through multidisciplinary collaboration; however, there are few reports on how pharmacies are addressing polypharmacy among outpatients in collaboration with physicians and hospital pharmacists. In September 2020, physicians, hospital pharmacists, and pharmacy pharmacists collaborated to establish a model for dealing with polypharmacy in community pharmacies (creating a polypharmacy assessment tool and conducting regular joint conferences between hospitals and pharmacies). In this study, the actual state of polypharmacy intervention by pharmacy pharmacists after the introduction of this model was investigated. The study was conducted at three community pharmacies over a 6-month period. A tool-based polypharmacy assessment of patients aged 65 years or older taking six or more prescription drugs revealed that 97% (65/67 patients) experienced polypharmacy issues and in 44.8% (30/67 patients), the pharmacist considered it necessary to report the patient’s condition to the physician. Of the 35 informational letters reported to physicians, 28 were prescription suggestions, with a prescription change rate of 46.4% (13/28). The improvement rate of adverse drug events after pharmacist intervention was 54.0% (27/50), and the improvement rate of adherence was 66.7% (24/36). These results indicate that the model for dealing with polypharmacy in community pharmacies contributed to the improved ability of pharmacy pharmacists to intervene, because of the establishment of criteria for evaluating polypharmacy and because hospital-pharmacy joint conferences, which are key to community collaboration, were continuously held.
著者
金 信行
出版者
日本情報経営学会
雑誌
日本情報経営学会誌 (ISSN:18822614)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.40, no.1-2, pp.149-160, 2020 (Released:2020-09-23)
参考文献数
52

The aim of this article is to shed new light on the performativity approach by looking at DonaldMacKenzie’s empirical studies on finance. From the early 2000s, MacKenzie has shifted his analytical focus from science and technology to finance and has engaged in a wide variety of the socio-historical analysis and the field studies addressing the role of economic knowledge and material device in the financial phenomena. This article analyses the use of MacKenzie’s concepts, namely Barnesian performativity, counterperformativity, agencement, finitism and interaction order, in his empirical studies. With this work done, the readers will be better placed to realize what MacKenzie’s analysis precisely focuses on and its relevance with the context of Valuation Studies, a new developing interdisciplinary research field.
著者
坪内 逸美 小濱 啓次 櫻井 瑛大 服部 未来 松田 幸恵 吉岡 美貴
出版者
一般社団法人 日本臨床救急医学会
雑誌
日本臨床救急医学会雑誌 (ISSN:13450581)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.13, no.4, pp.487-492, 2010-08-31 (Released:2023-03-31)
参考文献数
12

目的:大都市東京都と小さな地方都市鳥取県の救急医療体制の現状を比較検討し,両都県における救急医療体制の今後のあり方を考えようとした。方法:東京都と鳥取県の救急医療に関する資料(救急医療機関数,医師数,救急隊員数,救急車数,救急出場件数,転送率等)を集め,比較検討した。結果:東京都は救急医療機関数,救急隊員数等において鳥取県を大きく凌駕していたが,人口10万人あたりでその実態をみると,東京都は鳥取県より小さい数値を示し,傷病者が119番通報から医療機関に収容されるまでの時間も鳥取県の方が早かった。一方,都民の救急車の要請件数は鳥取県の1.5倍であった。結論:東京都においては,救急医療機関と救急隊の不足,救急車の過度の要請があり, これを改善するためには大学病院の救急診療への積極的な参加とドクターカーの運用,民間救急の導入,救急車の適切な利用を促すための普及啓発が必要であると思われた。また鳥取県においては,転送件数が多く,鳥取県中部地区における救命救急センターの整備と地域連携,医療機関の役割分担が重要であると考えられた。
著者
朝里樹監修
出版者
西東社
巻号頁・発行日
2020
著者
小川 正人
出版者
日本教育行政学会
雑誌
日本教育行政学会年報 (ISSN:09198393)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.36, pp.2-20, 2010-10-01 (Released:2018-01-09)
被引用文献数
1

The purpose of this paper is to consider the subjects of education expenses policies (in this paper, elementary and secondary education) of the Democratic Party Administration, reconfirming that the Governmental fiscal policies and state have a great influence on the contents of educational budgets, educational policies, and the actors' political activities in the situation before and after a change of Government. Under the former Liberal Democratic Party Administration, the range of choice of the education policies was narrowed remarkably, with educational policies pointing to efficiency against the background of a severe restriction on educational budgets and the retreat of the power of the bunkyouzoku (politicians associated with the governing party and education). The inauguration of the Democratic Party Administration became an opportunity to overcome the severe restrictions of the educational budget and the stale situation of educational policies under the administration of the Liberal Democratic Party. Enactment of a tuition-free bill for high school was a symbol of the dynamism of the education policies to be determined by the Cabinet initiative with the change of the Government. However, while national bond dependence of the country has exceeded the cautionary zone, many educational expenses policies, following the plan for free high school tuition, are faced with the problem of whether sources of revenue are securable with the subjects of a tax increase and fiscal reconstruction looming large in the public. It is thus opaque how far the Administration will continue to be able to secure educational expenses under this initiative from now on. Moreover, another concern is the educational expenses policies technique of the Democratic Party Administration. The feature of the educational expenses policies of the Administration is a conversion to a demand side (family and child) from a supply side. In order to convert the conventional supply side into a demand side, it is necessary to change the conventional rule and structure of resource allocation based on the educational condition maintenance to a new rule and structure of resource allocation suitable for the principle of "equality based on each child." However, an awareness of the issues of making the new rule and structure of resource allocation suitable for the "equality based on each child" is weak in terms of the policies of making high school tuition free and introducing child allowances which were realized first by the new Administration. Since there is no prospect of a fiscal reconstruction which includes a tax increase and revenue-and-expenditure reform or the vision of social economy reform in the policies of the Democratic Party and the new Administration, the Democratic Party and the new Administration cannot actually carry out a new view which builds new rules and a structure of resource allocation corresponding to the above-mentioned "equality based on each child." It is clear that the maintenance of educational conditions and educational fiscal administration with the feature of "the equality of a field" focused on a supply side, were based on centralization and lacked a deeper consideration of "equality based on each child.". At this point, the policy shift became focused on the demand side to be challenged by the Democratic Party Administration. It is an important subject for Japanese education. However, the choice to improve the problems of the current system by maintaining the strong points of the present educational administrative and financial system with the feature of "the equality of a field" should not be denied.
著者
真部 正敏 猶原 順 佐藤 禎 岡田 純也
出版者
Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology
雑誌
日本食品工業学会誌 (ISSN:00290394)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.7, pp.497-501, 1988-07-15 (Released:2011-02-17)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
2 8

温州ミカンとリンゴのパルプに0.05N塩酸液など3種の抽出液を加え, Mw (2450MHz, 1030w)を1回につき5分間照射してペクチンを抽出し,抽出の効果,抽出されたペクチンの性状を調べた. (1) Mw加熱による抽出では,湯浴による加熱抽出に比べて,抽出に要する時間は著しく短縮された.また,抽出されるペクチン量は, Mw加熱法の方が高かった. (2) Mw加熱による抽出液をエタノール沈殿して調製したペクチンのガラクツロン酸量,エステル化度および相対粘度は, Mwの照射回数が増すに従って減少した.