著者

木畑 洋一

出版者

立命館大学 アジア・日本研究所

雑誌

立命館アジア・日本研究学術年報 (ISSN:2435421X)

巻号頁・発行日

no.2, pp.170-172, 2021 (Released:2021-07-30)

著者

中山 貴美子 鳩野 洋子 合田 加代子 草野 恵美子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本看護科学学会

雑誌

日本看護科学会誌 (ISSN:02875330)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, pp.279-289, 2020 (Released:2020-12-10)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1

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目的:本研究では,乳幼児をもつがんサバイバーである母親ががん診断後に抱える困難を明らかにすることを目的とした.方法:出産後にがんの診断を受け,乳幼児期の子どもを育てることを経験した母親5名を対象に半構成的面接を実施した.データは,質的に分析した.結果:【子どもを残して死ぬ恐怖があり,生きる希望が持てない】【不確かで長い治療がつらい】【治療と子育ての両立にせっぱつまる】【無理をせざるをえず,その人にとってのあたりまえの生活ができない】【がんを受容しきれずにもどかしい】【がんにより子どもと家族を巻き込むことがつらい】【頼れる資源や情報が不足している】【経験者に出会えずにつらさを共有できない】【治療と生活が重なる経済的負担がある】という9つのカテゴリーが抽出された.結論:母親は,子どもと共に生きる希望がもてず,治療と子育ての両立にせっぱつまる等の困難を抱えていた.母親には,治療と子育ての両立支援や母親同士の支え合いが重要と示唆された.

著者

犬伏 壮一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

ファルマシア (ISSN:00148601)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.3, pp.240-241, 2018 (Released:2018-03-01)

参考文献数

1

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徳島の伝統薬「敬震丹(けいしんたん)」は、江戸時代文政年間(1818~1830)に誕生した気付け薬である。藍取引で財をなした犬伏家が、大阪道修町との繋がりを深め、鎖国当時としては貴重な生薬(麝香、牛黄、竜脳、人参、サフラン、香附子、沈香、甘松、桂皮、牛胆、丁子、木香、甘草、生姜)を配合した。1cm角の板状の錠剤で、芳香性の気剤により香りで気を巡らす処方内容であり、口中で香りを嗅いでから服用するとより効果的である。

著者

Tsubasa Kohyama Hiroaki Miura Shoichiro Kido

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2021-043, (Released:2021-11-09)

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A modified version of the principal component analysis (PCA) is introduced by reconsidering statistical degrees of freedom in spatial dimensions based on spatial auto-correlations. In the conventional PCA, data points that represent equal areas are assumed to have equal amount of information. In our new method, the intensive variability extraction (IVE), data points correlated with less other data points are weighted more before performing PCA. Hence, variability with independent information is emphasized, even if the variability is confined to small areas.Sea surface temperature (SST) data at each grid in the tropics are shown to have fewer spatial statistical degrees of freedom than that in the extratropics. Tropical SSTs exhibit covariability with large areas, because oceanic equatorial waves and atmospheric gravity waves share temperature information with surrounding areas. As to the extratropics, grids along the western boundaries of oceanic basins are more independent than those in the east, following dynamical requirement of the Earth's rotation.Using IVE, climate modes that involve interscale covariability are extracted. IVE performed for the Pan-Pacific SSTs extracts the Pacific Decadal Oscillation assuming the aforementioned a priori dynamical expectation. Using extratropical SSTs, it is demonstrated that IVE detects synchronicity of small-scale variability between distant narrow regions.

著者

石井 象二郎

出版者

日本応用動物昆虫学会

雑誌

日本応用動物昆虫学会誌 (ISSN:00214914)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.5-8, 1984-02-25 (Released:2009-02-12)

参考文献数

2

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イラガMonema (Cnidocampa) flavescensの幼虫は非常に硬い繭をつくる。この繭から成虫が脱出できるのは,幼虫が繭をつくるときに,あらかじめ脱出孔の蓋となるところを溝状に傷つけ,繭の層を薄く弱くしておくからである。成虫は羽化に際し脱出孔の蓋を内部から押し上げて開き,そこからはい出す。溝状の傷は幼虫の胸部の肉角とその刺毛により繭の内側を圧迫してつけられたものであると考えられる。

著者

澤田 和也 寺田 堂彦 藤里 俊哉

出版者

社団法人 繊維学会

雑誌

繊維学会誌 (ISSN:00379875)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.5, pp.P_120-P_124, 2007 (Released:2007-06-10)

著者

栗本 眞好

出版者

日本印度学仏教学会

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.815-812, 2019-03-20 (Released:2019-09-20)

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Since the Zen sect arrived in Japan during the Kamakura period, Zen temples have played the role of a place for samurai to study Bushidō and neo-Confucian philosophy.By the Meiji restoration, the role of the temple as an academic place was much reduced, but it did not change even after the restoration, and among the so-called “right wing” who kept longing for Bushidō, Zen meditation held an important place.Although he decided to become an activist of the armed communist party and dropped out of Tokyo Imperial university, Tanaka Kiyoharau who turned from leftist ideas to conservation, Tokyo Imperial University, Uesugi Shinkichi’s “emperor sovereign theory” was depressed, Uesugi after death, he studied under Inoue Nisyo, was questioned responsibility for conviction to the clan team case, and two of Yoshitaka Yotsumoto who served as prisoners, in the young age, Yamamoto Genpo who was a priest of Ryotakuji in Shizuoka prefecture I will refer to the footprints that became big fixers to move the successive regimes after the war based on what I realized through his experiences, from the standpoint of those who studied at the sect school of graduate schools of zen sect.

著者

三田 順

出版者

日本比較文学会

雑誌

比較文学 (ISSN:04408039)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, pp.21-35, 2009-03-31 (Released:2017-06-17)

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Cette étude traite de l’écrivain Georges Rodenbach (1855-1898) et du peintre Xavier Mellery (1845-1921), et prend en considération les correspondances entre les oeuvres de ces deux symbolistes belges. Bien qu’un rapport direct n'ait jamais été décelé entre ceux-ci, les oeuvres de Mellery montrent une analogie étonnante, comme si elles étaient la paraphrase picturale de la « ville morte grise » que Rodenbach avait si souvent décrite. On mettra d’abord en lumière le « mythe nordique » représenté dans les oeuvres littéraires de Rodenbach. Celui-ci est notamment évoqué par l’image de Bruges en tant que la ville morte du Nord; image fort appréciée auprès de ses lecteurs principaux, les parisiens, pour son « exotisme du Nord ». Ainsi, on comparera Mellery et Rodenbach en se concentrant sur les similarités de ces deux évocations de l’image nordique. Quand Rodenbach veut souligner la particularité de la culture flamande, il mentionne et loue souvent l'art des primitifs flamands. Toutefois, le monde grisaille et désert de Rodenbach est plus précisément représenté dans L’Âme des choses, la série de dessins clairs-obscurs de Xavier Mellery. En outre, L’Âme des choses, qui dépeint des sujets quotidiens de façon réaliste dans le cadre du symbolisme, hérite de la tradition réaliste de la « peinture du Nord » et on peut trouver de nombreux peintres symbolistes montrant pareille inclination artistique dans l’école belge. Rodenbach et Mellery créèrent ainsi une expression analogue au travers de deux disciplines distinctes en se rattachant tous deux au « Nord »; cette tendance commune pent en effet être considérée en tant que l’« esprit du temps » dans le symbolisme belge.

著者

Yohei Matoba Chieko Abiko Tatsuya Ikeda Yoko Aoki Yu Suzuki Kazue Yahagi Yoko Matsuzaki Tsutomu Itagaki Fumio Katsushima Yuriko Katsushima Katsumi Mizuta

出版者

National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases Editorial Committee

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (ISSN:13446304)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.2, pp.138-141, 2015 (Released:2015-03-23)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

40 74

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The available literature on human coronaviruses (HCoVs) in Japan is limited to epidemiological studies conducted over a maximum of 1 year. We conducted a 4-year study of HCoVs by analyzing 4,342 respiratory specimens obtained in Yamagata, Japan, between January 2010 and December 2013. A pan-coronavirus reverse transcription-PCR screening assay was performed, and all HCoV-positive specimens were subsequently confirmed by sequencing of the PCR products. We detected in 332 (7.6%) HCoV strains during the study period, comprising 133 (3.1%) HCoV-NL63, 83 (1.9%) HCoV-HKU1, 78 (1.8%) HCoV-OC43, and 38 (0.9%) HCoV-229E strains. HCoV detection per year ranged from 3.5% to 9.7%. HCoVs were detected mainly in winter, with January (28.5%) and February (25.3%) 2011 and December 2012 (14.6%) being the only months in which HCoV-NL63 detection per month exceeded 10.0%. HCoV-HKU1 displayed clear biennial peaks in January (18.3%) and February (10.7%) 2010 and in February (18.8%) and March (14.7%) 2012. The peak detection of HCoV-OC43 was 13.6% in November 2010, while that of HCoV-229E was 10.8% in March 2013. Our results indicated that there may be annual variations in the circulation of individual HCoV strains. Further long-term surveillance is necessary to clarify HCoV prevalence and circulation patterns in Japan.

著者

森本 茂雄 河本 啓助 武田 洋次

出版者

The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan

雑誌

電気学会論文誌D(産業応用部門誌) (ISSN:09136339)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.122, no.7, pp.722-729, 2002-07-01 (Released:2008-12-19)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

21 20

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In most variable-speed drives of PMSM, some type of shaft sensor such as an optical encoder or resolver is connected to the rotor shaft. However, such sensor presents several disadvantages such as drive cost, machine size, reliability and noise immunity. Therefore, the sensorless control of PMSM is desired and various sensorless control strategies have been investigated. This paper presents a novel sensorless control strategy for an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). A new model of IPMSM using an extended electromotive force (EMF) in the rotating reference frame is utilized in order to estimate both of position and speed. The extended EMF is estimated by the least-order observer, and the estimation position error is directly obtained. The proposed scheme corrects the estimated position and speed so that the estimation position error becomes to be zero. The proposed system is very simple and the design of the controller is easy. Several drive tests are carried out and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed sensorless control system.

著者

富永 健一

出版者

日本学士院

雑誌

日本學士院紀要 (ISSN:03880036)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.3, pp.137, 2017 (Released:2017-04-13)

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This is a study on the history of Japanese society based on three divisions, namely, the Ancient Stage, the Middle Stage, and the Modern Industrial Stage. As a country, Japan emerged during the fifth century under the name Yamato Chotei. Previously, it consisted of many small Uji and Kabane communities without the integrated and central control of Tenno domination under the name of “shiseisei”(氏姓制). It consisted of many small competing local areas, that fought incessantly between them. The important emperor Tenji Tenno(626–671), leader of the Taika-no-Kaisin , made a significant break to the traditional institution of the “shisei-sei” by introducing a new body that became known as “Handenshuju-sei”(班田収授制 in 律令制) in the year 645. The end result was the founding in 710 of the new capital Heijo-kyo in the city of Nara under the reign of Empress Genmei Tenno . However, the city of Nara was greatly affected by the sudden decision in 794 taken by Emperor Kanmu Tenno to make the city of Kyoto the country's capital. Although some may hold the view that there were similarities between the neighboring cities of Nara and Kyoto, they were dissimilar in most respects . In the city of Nara, land was divided under the measures of the nationalization plan. Conversely, in the city of Kyoto, land was divided according to measures of privatization. Also, in Nara the state drafted the Handenshuju plan, while in Kyoto there were no such plans. The result of these policies was that in Kyoto the land was owned by the wealthy, large religious institutions, and Buke families. In Nara, however, under Ritsryosei , common people were taxed so heavily that they escaped from the city to the countryside. As the premature Tenno continued to expand, it became necessary for them to be covered by “Sessho” and “Kampaku” until the Tenno matured. The growing Tenno needed such support, which led Sessho and Kampaku to acquire additional influence and power. The first Buke Society began in Kamakura Bakufu under Minamoto Yoritomo. Yoritomo married Masako of the Hojo family, and she was an able and strong woman. After the death of her husband, she became the head of the Kamakura Bakufu . Shugo and Jito were both Buke, and Yoritomo appointed them as the lords of the manor(荘園領主). However, Chotei and Bakufu were at odds with each other. Bakufu was stronger than Chotei in terms of military might, when they battled in 1221, in what became known as Jokyu-no-Ran, Bakufu was victorious. After the Jokyu-no-Ran, the large Mongolian Army attacked Japan on two occasions(Bun-ei no-Eki, 1274, and Koan-no-Eki, 1281), but were defeated each time by the Japanese defenders. However, the cost of these battles was great, and the Japanese army found itself impoverished. Another important event resulted from the dispute over the succession of the Tenno throne between the two lines consisting of the Jimyoin-party and the Daigakuji-party. Godaigo Tenno of the Daigakuji-party wanted to gain the crown by overthrowing the Bakufu. However, Godaigo was unsuccessful and this led him to create the “Nancho”(South Side). Meanwhile, Ashikaga Takauji, who supported the “Hokucho”(North Side) of Kyoto, kept to his own side leaving Chotei divided between North and South. As a result, Kamakura Bakufu was ruined, and Muromachi Bakufu was rebuilt by Ashikaga Takauji ]in Kyoto as the second Bakafu. (View PDF for the rest of the abstract.)

著者

小泉 誠

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

MEDCHEM NEWS (ISSN:24328618)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.1, pp.38-42, 2016-02-01 (Released:2018-07-02)

参考文献数

20

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mRNA発現を制御するアンチセンス核酸やタンパク質の機能を抑制するアプタマーは、核酸医薬品として開発されている。核酸医薬は、低分子化合物や抗体医薬では標的とすることが困難な分子に対してアプローチすることができる。2013年に米国食品医薬品局は家族性高コレステロール血症の治療薬としてKYNAMRO(mipomersen)を認可した。その後、欧米では製薬企業と核酸医薬関連のベンチャーとの核酸医薬の研究開発の提携が多く見られている。また、核酸医薬に関係する事業に参入する国内企業も増えてきている。本稿では国内外企業による核酸医薬の最近の研究開発状況について述べる。

著者

鬼頭 葉子

出版者

宗教哲学会

雑誌

宗教哲学研究 (ISSN:02897105)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, pp.81-94, 2015-03-31 (Released:2018-08-28)

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This article explores the status of animal ethics in contemporary Christian thought, considering traditional theological interpretations of animals. The subject of animal ethics is dominated by two different theories. In the utilitarian approach, Peter Singer argues for freeing animals from human domination (“animal liberation”), while according to Tom Regan’s imperative approach, individual animals have “animal rights.” Singer and Regan both criticize traditional theological interpretations of animals, because traditional Christian thinkers adhere to the anthropocentric assumption that humans have the right to exploit other animals. Christian interpretations of the “image of God” in which humankind was created fall largely into two categories: the substantial and the relational. Recently, many contemporary theologians have emphasized the relational aspects of the “image of God.” Stanley Hauerwas and John Berkman consider that the significant theological difference between humans and animals lies in the unique purpose given to humans by God, rather than human rationality as such. From this standpoint, people have a responsibility to serve animals and to represent their best interests. As humans we are required to care for our animal neighbors, like the Good Samaritan. Animal Ethics in contemporary Christian thought has the potential to develop other ethical considerations, such as the question of our moral responsibility to people with cognitive disabilities, because animals, babies, and the mentally and intellectually disabled cannot themselves defend their right to be treated morally.

著者

吉田 雄介

出版者

日本都市地理学会

雑誌

都市地理学 (ISSN:18809499)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.73-79, 2010-03-15 (Released:2020-05-06)

参考文献数

9

著者

向山 光昭 岩澤 伸治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本化学会

雑誌

日本化学会誌(化学と工業化学) (ISSN:03694577)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1987, no.7, pp.1099-1107, 1987-07-10 (Released:2011-05-30)

参考文献数

38

被引用文献数

2

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二価スズのトリフラートに塩基の存在下,種々のカルポニル化合物を作用させるとすみやかに対応する二価スズのエノラートが生成する。これにアルデヒドを作用させることにより収率よく,また,高立体選択的にsyn-形のアルドール付加体が得られる。この反応は種々のβ-ヒドロキシカルボン酸誘導体,α,β-エポキシカルボニル化合物,カルバペネム系β-ラクタムなどの立体選択的合成に適用できる。また,二価スズのエノラートに光学活性ジアミンを配位子として作用させるだけで,高能率的不斉アルドール反応が進行し,80%ee以上の高い不斉収率でアルドール体を得ることができる。また,触媒量の二緬スズ化合物を用いるアルドール反応もニ価スズと硫黄との親卸力を利用することにより実現できる。さらに二価スズのエノラートを用いるMichael付加反応,キノンとの付加一還元反応など,従来の金属エノラートでは困難とされていた種々の有用な合成反応を開発することができた。

著者

長島 洋

出版者

Okayama Medical Association

雑誌

岡山医学会雑誌 (ISSN:00301558)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.98, no.7-8, pp.669-685, 1986-08-30 (Released:2009-03-30)

参考文献数

28

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The purpose of the present study was to investigate experimentally the formation of ethanol in corpses and stored biological samples important in medicolegal examination, and to study the mechanism of ethanol formation.In the tissues and bodily fluids of corpses, ethanol, n-propanol, iso-propanol, acetaldehyde, acetone and others may be formed to various degrees according to the post-mortem conditions. The criteria of post-mortem ethanol formation are 20°C and 24 hours of post-mortem time, and a significant amount of ethanol can be formed at higher temperatures and longer times. The presence of n-propanol in samples may be useful for ascertaining post-mortem ethanol formation. The amount of ethanol formed post-mortemly may be presumed to be under 20 times of the amount of n-propanol simultaneously detected.Post-mortem ethanol formation is not increased by ante-mortem ethanol intake. Ethanol may be produced in biological samples including cadaveric blood. Fresh aseptic blood is not conducive to ethanol formation within five days.The formation of n-propanol due to yeast in the stomach of corpses is lower than that due to bacteria in other organs and bodily fluids. The addition of antibiotics, which suppress the bacterial growth in the samples, and the addition of chemical inhibitors of ADH and ALDH contained in bacteria comletely blocked ethanol formation.It may be considered that ADH and ALDH in the bacteria in corpses produce ethanol from carbohydrates such as glucose and pyruvic acid through the reverse pathway of ethanol metabolism in living subjects.

著者

一戸 猛志 森山 美優

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.105, no.9, pp.1701-1705, 2016-09-10 (Released:2017-09-10)

参考文献数

6

著者

南房 豊

出版者

一般社団法人 日本真空学会

雑誌

真空 (ISSN:05598516)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.1, pp.25-29, 1966-01-20 (Released:2009-09-29)

著者

柳下 章

出版者

日本神経学会

雑誌

臨床神経学 (ISSN:0009918X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.1, pp.1-5, 2021 (Released:2021-01-29)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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Kumarは硬膜,特に脊柱管前部硬膜に欠損あるいは損傷があり,髄液漏出を呈する疾患群に対してduropathiesという概念を提唱した.脳表ヘモジデリン沈着症(superficial (hemo) siderosis,以下SSと略記)と多髄節性筋萎縮症(multisegmenal amyotrophy,以下MSAMと略記)はduropathiesである.SSの硬膜欠損は,脊柱管内および頭蓋内手術時の不完全な硬膜閉鎖による例と,原因不明例がある.後者は大多数がC7/Th1~Th2/Th3の前部硬膜にある.MSAMの自験7例全例に,C3脊髄前角にT2強調像にて高信号を認めた.その内6例に硬膜欠損が判明し,C7/Th1~Th2/Th3の前部硬膜にあった.SSと同様な部位であり,同部位のFIESTA(fast imaging employing steady state acquisition)横断像が必須である.

著者

中口 拓真 石本 泰星 宮川 祐希 西村 淳 近藤 義剛

出版者

公益社団法人日本理学療法士協会

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.12125, (Released:2021-11-10)

参考文献数

29

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【目的】被殻・視床出血患者の急性期CT 画像から,発症3 ヵ月後の歩行自立を予測すること。【方法】回復期リハビリテーション病棟に入院していた被殻・視床出血患者134 名を対象とした。CT 画像は発症後12時間以内に撮影されたものを使用し,深層残差ネットワークにより発症3 ヵ月後の歩行自立を予測した。予測精度としてC 統計量,感度,特異度,F 値,Matthews Correlation Coefficient(以下,MCC)を算出した。【結果】予測精度[平均値(95%CI)]は,C 統計量0.89(0.70 – 0.94),感度0.91(0.76 – 0.95),特異度0.83(0.69 – 0.88),F 値0.87(0.80 – 0.92),MCC 0.82(0.76 – 0.89)であった。【結論】被殻・視床出血患者の急性期CT を用いて,発症3 ヵ月後の歩行自立を予測できる可能性がある。