著者
窪田 幸恵 斉藤 和幸 小野 俊介 児玉 庸夫
出版者
一般社団法人日本医療薬学会
雑誌
医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43, no.6, pp.287-296, 2017-06-10 (Released:2018-06-10)
参考文献数
11

In an effort to promote self-medication in Japan, drugs switched from prescription to over-the-counter (OTC) have received a lot of attention. We conducted a survey of community pharmacists to investigate views on Rx (Prescription) -to-OTC switched drugs, aiming at the enhancement of self-medication and proposals to the Regulatory Authorities. A total of 336 respondents completed the survey. About two-thirds of respondents (65.2%) regarded the expansion of Rx-to-OTC drugs as necessary. The percentage of pharmacists who responded that Rx-to-OTC expansion was necessary at pharmacies for prescription and OTC drugs (73.2%) was significantly higher than those at pharmacies for prescription drugs (51.2%) (P < 0.001). The most common reason for Rx-to-OTC expansion being necessary was “it has a certain level of effect on reducing healthcare costs”. On the other hand, the most common reason against Rx-to-OTC expansion was “it causes safety issues for consumers”. The number of candidates for Rx-to-OTC recommended by pharmacists in favor of Rx-to-OTC expansion was 43 with 14 therapeutic areas excluding 5 drugs accepted as Rx-to-OTC switched drugs by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Six out of 43 candidate drugs are considered to meet the requirements for Rx-to-OTC drugs. We revealed some differences in pharmacists' views on Rx-to-OTC switched drugs depending on the pharmacy category. To promote self-medication, constructing a mechanism to collect opinions of community pharmacists providing OTC drugs is required. Further research in other areas and pharmacies of different categories to confirm generalizability should be done for making a proposal to the Regulatory Authorities.
著者
井原 庸
出版者
日本動物分類学会
雑誌
タクサ:日本動物分類学会誌 (ISSN:13422367)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, pp.20-30, 2007-02-20 (Released:2018-03-30)
参考文献数
7

The spider genera Cybaeus (Cybaeidae) and Arcuphantes (Linyphiidae) comprise numerous species endemic to Japan. They are considered to have diverged as the result of geographic isolations, probably enhanced by their low dispersal abilities. The current paper analyses the species composition and geographic differentiation in the genera Cybaeus and Arcuphantes in western Honshu and adjacent areas. The genus Cybaeus contains species with a wide range body lengths (from ca. 3 to 15mm), with local species assemblages usually consisting of representatives of different size classes. Local species assemblages often constitute a group of closely related species, together with other similar-sized species that are allopatrically or parapatrically distributed with one another. Diversity in genital morphology and geographic differentiation patterns are discussed for species-groups of Cybaeus (C. nipponicus, C. kuramotoi-group, C. miyosii-group and C. hiroshimaensis-group) in western Japan. The kuramotoi-group, which contains species of medium size (approximately 5 to 7mm in body length), has the most diverse genital morphology and is characterized by the presence of a mating plug. The Arcuphantes longiscapus-group is composed of closely related but distinct species based on their morphology and geographical distribution. The group contains eight species that are distributed in western Honshu, northeastern Shikoku and some adjacent islands, Japan, but the distribution patterns are parapatric except for a few cases of narrow overlap. Among these species, morphology of the male palp and female epigynum was strictly speciesspecific. They operate like a lock-and-key system, so that mating is only possible between individuals of the same species.
著者
新城 知美 貝沼 やす子
出版者
日本調理科学会
雑誌
日本調理科学会大会研究発表要旨集 平成20年度日本調理科学会大会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.69, 2008 (Released:2008-08-29)

【目的】 食物繊維や大豆たんぱく質、イソフラボンを含むおからをそのまま添加した食パンは比容積の低下などが生じ品質が低下したが、おからを焙煎してパン生地に添加するとパンの性状改善効果が認められた。本研究では焙煎処理によるおからの変化について検討し、パンの性状改善との関係を明らかにすることを目的とした。また、パン生地調整に最適な加水量および添加時期の検討を行い、更なるおから添加食パンの性状改善を目指した。【方法】 おからの乾燥は30℃で10時間、焙煎は180℃にて吸水率が最低値を示す時間焙煎し、重量、色、食物繊維量、吸水率を測定し、DSC分析、たんぱく質定量、Native-PAGE、SDS-PAGEを行った。食パンの作製はホームベーカリーを使用し、パン生地についてはファリノグラフ試験及び走査型電子顕微鏡観察を行った。パンについては、体積測定、破断強度測定、官能検査、断面の走査型電子顕微鏡観察を行った。 【結果】 おからを焙煎すると食物繊維量はやや減少し、たんぱく質の低分子化が認められ、吸水率が低下した。焙煎処理おからを添加すると、パン生地中にグルテン形成の改善が認められ、乾燥おから添加食パンに比べ膨化し、食味も改善された。コントロール生地と同じ硬粘度となる加水率(最適加水率)で焼成したパンでは、全ての測定項目においてコントロールの性状に近づく変化を示し、官能検査でも高い評価を受けた。この加水率はおからの吸水率を用いた簡単な関係式から算出することができ、市販の多くの生おからを利用した焙煎おから添加食パンに有効であった。おから添加時期を変えた製法では焙煎おから添加パンの物性がよりコントロールに近い結果となった。
著者
盛山 和夫
出版者
数理社会学会
雑誌
理論と方法 (ISSN:09131442)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.29, no.1, pp.107-113, 2014 (Released:2016-07-10)
参考文献数
20
著者
香西 克彦
出版者
日本建築学会
雑誌
日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.480, pp.195-204, 1996-02-28 (Released:2017-01-28)
参考文献数
64

This paper starts with a conviction that "Manyoh-Syu" poem no.52. is a text for us, for the structure of scenery. In this poem, the human act of "seeing"- a kind of experience - is translated into words. In this paper, I tried to melt the frozen meaning behind words. Under grasping the phenomenon at the boundary as of scenery, I make clear that it didn't happen at the border-line but at the dot-like place as "Gate". In conclusion, I suggest that the ancient Japanese capital, "Fujiwara-Kyo" was not a walled city, but bounded with "Yamato-Sanzan".
著者
小泉 幸道 上原 康浩 柳田 藤治
出版者
Japanese Society for Food Science and Technology
雑誌
日本食品工業学会誌 (ISSN:00290394)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.9, pp.592-597, 1987-09-15 (Released:2009-04-21)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
5 19

比較的高価格で販売されている特殊食酢類11点の,一般成分,無機成分,遊離アミノ酸,有機酸について分析を行い,製品間の比較を行うと共に,普通の米酢とも比較を行い品質について検討した.(1) 一般成分については各成分共,製品間の差は多少みられたが,普通の米酢とあまり変わらなかった,しかし,沈でん物が発生している製品が多く,カラメルを添加して黒酢を強調している製品もみられた.(2) 無機成分については,ナトリウムが多く,次いでカリウムやマグネシウムであった.(3) 遊離アミノ酸については,含量の多いアミノ酸はアラモン,ロイシン,リジン,バリン.グリシンであった.全アミノ酸量は,56.9~362.6mg/100mlで普通の米酢よりは多いが,比較的含量は少なかった.原料や製造法による影響は大きいと思われる.全アミノ酸に対する必須アミノ酸の割合は,殆どが45~50%であった.(4) 酢酸を除いた有機酸については,乳酸の含量が一番多く,次いでピログルタミン酸であった.比較的高価格で販売されている特殊食酢類は,品質と価格に問題があると思われる.
著者
伊藤 直之
出版者
公益社団法人 日本獣医師会
雑誌
日本獣医師会雑誌 (ISSN:04466454)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.10, pp.701-708, 2013-10-20 (Released:2013-11-20)
参考文献数
59
著者
岩渕 美克
出版者
日本マス・コミュニケーション学会
雑誌
マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, pp.5-15, 2007-01-30 (Released:2017-10-06)
参考文献数
29

I try to review the studies on media and politics. The 21st century begins, the situation to surround the media becomes severe. So called "media regulation bills" are discussed and the critical situation has the press freedom. On the other hand, it follows, the development of the mass media intensifies influence of the media in politics more. The studies on the media and politics are increased. But many papers handled only a phenomenon side. I prey to increase papers, theoretical and systematical approach.
著者
坪井 明人
出版者
一般社団法人 日本数学会
雑誌
数学 (ISSN:0039470X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.47, no.1, pp.62-72, 1995-01-30 (Released:2008-12-25)
参考文献数
15
著者
Tamio TERAMOTO
出版者
Center for Academic Publications Japan
雑誌
Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.65, no.Supplement, pp.S29-S33, 2019-10-11 (Released:2019-10-16)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
6

Japan achieved remarkable economic development after World War II, which has led remarkable changes in risk factors of atherosclerotic diseases and led to epidemiological transition in Japan. Nowadays, obesity is pandemic around world, which is same case in Japan. BMI of Japanese population, especially young adult men increased gradually since the 1960s associated with increase in intake of fat as well as decrease in intake of rice, which has been revealed by the annual report of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare. Such changes suggest the change of dietary habit from Japanese style to westernized style. In recent years such changes in lifestyle has been accompanied by a gradual increase in serum cholesterol in the Japanese population, which is associated with increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Japanese guidelines recommend “The Japan diet” to prevent CVD, because there are several epidemiological data to show the cardio-preventive effect of fish, soy bean, and vegetables, which are the major component of “The Japan Diet”. It is very important to recognize the diet habit is one of culture and that rice plays a pivotal role in “The Japan Diet”.
著者
Yeong-Bin BAEK Mary Jasmin ANG Jun-Gyu PARK Do-Hyun YU Seungjo PARK Jae-Hyuk LEE Jihye CHOI Kyoung-Oh CHO
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.19-0386, (Released:2019-10-28)
被引用文献数
1

An 18-year-old male Yorkshire Terrier was admitted with a history of neurological signs including dullness and progressive tetraparesis. Physical examination revealed bilaterally symmetrical alopecia and pot-bellied abdomen. Computed tomography and necropsy examination showed a mass across the frontal sinus and cerebral frontal lobe, bilateral adrenocortical hyperplasia, and hepatomegaly. Histopathologically, the tumor lesions consisted of sheets, nests, or cords of small- to medium-sized round-to-polyhedral cells. Adrenal cortex showed bilateral diffuse cellular proliferation, and some hepatocytes showed intracytoplasmic glycogen accumulation. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells were positive for pancytokeratin, chromogranin-A, neuron-specific enolase, S100, synaptophysin, and thyroid transcription factor-1 but negative for microtubule-associated proein-2 and neurofilament, leading to the diagnosis of neuroendocrine tumor. These tumor cells were also positive for adrenocorticotropic hormone.