著者

中村 和弘

出版者

一般社団法人 日本生物物理学会

雑誌

生物物理 (ISSN:05824052)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.3, pp.149-153, 2016 (Released:2016-05-25)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1 1

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Temperature strongly affects mobility and structure of all molecules in any organisms. Therefore, optimal conditioning of the internal thermal environments, i.e., body temperature regulation, is essential to life particularly in homeothermic animals. Here, I summarize the central circuitry mechanism of body temperature regulation in homeothermic animals in relation to the regulation of metabolism, which is underlain by the conditions of energy supply. Progress in “thermal biology”, which aims to integrate all biological fields by focusing on functions of temperature, will solve important questions in the functional relationship between body temperature and energy metabolism—essential for understanding homeostasis and life.

著者

三上 達也 吉田 英樹 浮城 健吾 千田 周也 吉田 俊教 大越 康充 前田 龍智

出版者

Japanese Society for Electrophysical Agents in Physical Therapy

雑誌

物理療法科学 (ISSN:21889805)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.1, pp.48-54, 2022 (Released:2022-08-20)

参考文献数

26

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【目的】変形性膝関節症(以下,膝OA)における鵞足症状に対する超音波療法(以下,UST)の有効性を検討することとした.【方法】対象は,膝OAに伴う鵞足症状ありと判断された34例とした.34例は無作為に介入群,プラセボ群に振り分けられ,パフォーマンス評価(10 m歩行,起立着座,階段昇降)における所要時間,疼痛(VAS)がUST施行前後で評価された.【結果】二元配置分散分析の結果,階段昇降VASで交互作用を認めた.事後検定では,介入群で10 m歩行時間,起立着座時間・VAS,階段昇降時間・VASで有意に減少,プラセボ群で階段昇降時間が有意に減少した.【考察】膝OAにおける鵞足症状に対してUSTを施行すると,階段昇降時の疼痛が減少すると考えられた.また,動作速度(歩行,起立着座,階段昇降)が改善し,疼痛(起立着座,階段昇降)が介入群で軽減する可能性が考えられた.

著者

岡 秀一

出版者

Tokyo Geographical Society

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.100, no.5, pp.673-696, 1991-10-25 (Released:2010-10-13)

参考文献数

58

被引用文献数

5 4

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A forest limit marks a distinct change in landscape, but it includes a variety of elements. In this study, the forest limit altitudes all over Japan were compiled, the relationship between the specific features of their distribution and thermal conditions were discussed.The forest limit altitudes on 211 mountains ranged from below 1, 000 meters in Hokkaido to 2, 800 meters in Central Honshu, and difference in these altitudes extended about 2, 000 meters between 35° and 45° North Latitude. Horizontally, these altitudes are distributed concentrically, focusing on the Taisetsu Mountains and the Hidaka Mountains in Hokkaido and the Akaishi Mountains in Central Honshu. The zone ranging from the southern part of Northern Honshu to the northern part of Central Honshu is crowded with isopleths, forming a division between the sides of the Japan Sea and Pacific Ocean. Calculation the Warmth Indices (WI) of forest limit altitudes, we find that their frequency distribution ranges from 16.1°C·M to 50.4°CEM, and their modes are 25 to 35, 34 to 40, and 25 to 30°C·M in Hokkaido, Northern Honshu, and Central Honshu, respectively. Reviewing these data individually, we see that forest limits are seldom equivalent to WI 15°C·M, which has been set as a boundary between the alpine and subalpine zones. In reality, it becomes increasingly difficult for the forest limit to converge on a particular WI value due to a variety of causes. It is worth noting, however, that at least there are some mountains on which the forest limit altitude is extremely close to WI 15. In such a situation, the WI 15 is of great importance, because it indicates that forests are capable of growing at least to that extent in terms of thermal conditions. This is the reason why WI 15°C·M is worth notice, and therefore the relationship between its altitude distribution and the forest limit altitude was determined. Additionally, the relationship between mountaintop altitude and forest limit altitude was also investigated. The correlation coefficient of the latter is more closely related than the former. But we must emphasize that the latter is only a seeming relation. Why? It is true that the higher the mountain, the higher the limit altitude, but the fact is that the limit altitude will not rise endlessly in step with the height of a mountain.Then, another relationship was examined, concerning differences not only between WI 15 altitudes and forest limit altitudes but also between mountaintop altitudes and forest limit altitudes, using the variation coefficient to verify the dispersion in these differences. As a result, we found out that dispersions are smaller in the former (WI 15 and forest limit) th an in the latter and that forest limit altitudes are more closely related to thermal conditions. On the other hand, the differences between WI 15 altitudes and the forest limit altitudes are defined by mountaintop altitudes. Additionally, the depth of snow cover strongly affects the difference in forest limit altitudes, if mountaintop altitudes are the same.The role of thermal condition, mountaintop altitude and snow depth condition for determining the forest limit altitude should be easy to determine as Fig. 10. Namely, altitudes of forest limit are primarily decided by thermal conditions depended on their geographical situation. They are secondarily modified by altitude of mountain. When the mountain altitudes are equivalent, snow depth conditions affect the forest limit.

著者

亀村 朋子

出版者

NHK放送文化研究所

雑誌

放送研究と調査 (ISSN:02880008)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.9, pp.48-51, 2023-09-01 (Released:2023-09-20)

著者

小玉 重夫

出版者

教育思想史学会

雑誌

近代教育フォーラム (ISSN:09196560)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.89-102, 2006-09-17 (Released:2017-08-10)

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グローバリゼーションが国民国家にかわる新たな政治社会の構成原理をもたらすのかどうか、もしそうだとすればその条件は何なのか。本稿では、アンソニー・ギデンズ、ハート=ネグリ、ジョルジョ・アガンベンの3者の思想に注目し、この問題を検討した。まず、ギデンズは、「第三の道」において旧式の福祉国家とは異なる包含のシナリオに定位した議論を提起した。だが、それは包含と排除のアポリアを顕在化させるものであった。これに対して、ハート=ネグリとアガンベンは、包含と排除の機制を見据え、マルチチュードとホモ・サケルという、対照的な議論を展開した。ハート=ネグリの場合は、マルチチュードの構成的権力によって包含/排除の境界線を反転させる構想を提起した。それに対してアガンベンは、構成的権力と主権権力の間の危うい偶然的な関係に依拠した政治を構想することによって、包含/排除の境界線それ自体を無化しようとした。アガンベンの議論は、潜勢力(可能性)と現勢力(現実)との間の必然的なつながりを否定する労働価値説批判としての側面をもつており、この方向で政治教育の復権を模索することが、グローバリゼーション下における新しいシティズンシップを探求するうえでの一つの鍵となることを明らかにした。

著者

池田 俊也 山田 ゆかり 池上 直己

出版者

公益財団法人 医療科学研究所

雑誌

医療と社会 (ISSN:09169202)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.3, pp.27-38, 2000-12-15 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

3 2

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抗痴呆薬ドネペジルの経済的価値を評緬するため,マルコフモデルを用いて,軽度・中等度アルツハイマー型痴呆患者に対するドネペジル治療の費用-効果分析を実施した。分析の立場は支払い者の立場とし,費用は診療報酬点数および介護保険における在宅の給付限度額を参考に推計した。薬剤の有効性データは国内臨床第III相試験の成績を基にしたが,わが国における自然予後のデータは入手できなかったため米国の疫学データを用いた。薬剤の有効性,自然予後ならびに各病態における平均QOLスコアを組み合わせて質調整生存年(QALY)を算出し, 効果指標とした。2年間を時間地平とした分析では,軽度・中等度アルッハイマー型痴呆患者に対するドネペジルの投与により,既存治療に比べて患者の健康結果が向上するとともに,医療・介護費用が節減されることが明らかとなった。但し,ドネペジルの長期的効果やわが国におけるアルッハイマー型痴呆患者の予後に関するデータが不充分であることから,今後,これらのデータが蓄積された際には本分析結果の再評価を行うことが望ましいと考えられる。

著者

小木曽 裕

出版者

樹木医学会

雑誌

樹木医学研究 (ISSN:13440268)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.123-124, 2022-07-31 (Released:2023-09-21)

参考文献数

3

著者

Shumpei Mori Diane E. Spicer Robert H. Anderson

出版者

日本循環器学会

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.1, pp.24-33, 2015-12-25 (Released:2015-12-25)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

2 51

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An understanding of the complexity of cardiac anatomy is required by all who seek, in the setting of cardiac disease, to interpret the images confronting them. Although the mysteries of cardiac structure have been extensively addressed, significant gaps continue to exist between the descriptions provided by morphologists and by those working in the clinical setting. In part, this reflects the limitations in providing 3D visualization of such a complicated organ. Current 3D imaging technology now permits visualization of the cardiac components using datasets obtained in the living individual. These advances, furthermore, demonstrate the anatomy in the setting of the heart as imaged within the thorax. It has been failure to describe the heart as it lies within the thorax that remains a major deficiency of many morphologists relying on the dissecting room to provide the gold standard. Describing the heart in attitudinally appropriate fashion, a basic rule of clinical anatomy, creates the necessary bridges between anatomists and clinicians. The rapid progression of cardiac interventional techniques, furthermore, emphasizes the need to revisit cardiac anatomy using a multidisciplinary approach. In this review, therefore, we illustrate the advantages of an attitudinally correct approach to cardiac anatomy. We then focus on the morphology of the arterial roots, revealing the accuracy that can now be achieved by clinicians using datasets obtained during life. (Circ J 2016; 80: 24–33)

著者

平井 孝志

出版者

日本経営学会

雑誌

日本経営学会誌 (ISSN:18820271)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.46-60, 2021 (Released:2022-09-21)

参考文献数

34

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Dynamic capabilities framework is becoming increasingly important for both sustainable competitive advantage and continuous superior business performance. In engaging dynamic capabilities, R&D activities plays an important role. Contribution of R&D investments to scale growth has been confirmed in past empirical studies, but its effect on profitability improvement remains inconclusive. This ambiguous result might be due to inadequate approaches to measuring the causal relationship between R&D investments and business performance. This study examines a dynamic model from the perspective of dynamic capabilities to understand the effect of R&D investments on profitability through an empirical analysis of large Japanese manufacturers. By introducing a dynamic capability perspective, we identified that long-term, disequilibrium development and circular logic are key attributes for understanding improvement of profitability. Our model also clarified how the impact of R&D activities on profitability should be measured. For the empirical analysis, we investigated the performance of 189 publicly-traded manufacturers in Japan over a period of 27 years from 1989 to 2015. The three major findings are (1) companies which continuously increased R&D intensity improved profitability in the long run; (2) R&D intensity generated larger impact on incremental profitability in R&D intensive industries; and (3) cycles of fluctuation were 4.1 years for R&D intensity, 4.0 years for operating income, and 5.1 years for sales. Our findings suggest that, even while the importance of open innovation is being touted, R&D intensity should be increased slightly but continuously to strengthen R&D activities to enhance dynamic capabilities and achieve higher profitability. Paradoxically, even in today's environment of uncertainty and accelerated change, companies may need to take a long-term view of managing disequilibrium development with a timespan of about 10 years, including 2 to 3 fluctuation cycles.

著者

松井 哲也

出版者

芸術科学会

雑誌

芸術科学会論文誌 (ISSN:13472267)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.2, pp.120-128, 2021-06-30 (Released:2023-05-03)

参考文献数

20

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地方自治体や地域密着型企業をアピールするために利用されるマンガ的なキャラクターである「ご当地萌えキャラ」は、現在では日本各地非常に多くの種類が展開されている。しかし、そのデザインメソッドについては十分に分析されておらず、特にこれらのキャラクターがその主たる目的である「商品や観光サービスの購入意欲の促進」という目的に叶ったデザインを有しているかどうかについては、ほとんど検討されていない。本研究では、「ご当地萌えキャラ」の外見デザインが受け手に与える影響の因子を明らかにするために、質問紙調査を行い、その結果に対して因子分析を実施した。先行研究ではバーチャルキャラクターの外見デザインには"reality"と"familiarity"の2因子が存在することが明らかにされているが、本研究で同様の質問紙を用いて分析を行った結果、「ご当地萌えキャラ」においても同様の2因子が確認できた。また、これらの因子得点と商品推薦効果の相関を調査した結果、"familiarity"因子と商品推薦効果との間に高い相関が見られた。さらに、キャラクターの等身によって「ご当地萌えキャラ」を2グループに分類し、グループ間で因子得点の分散分析を行った。その結果、頭身の高いキャラクターのほうが、より高い商品推薦効果を持つことが明らかになった。

著者

The Working Group for Renaming Diabetes Insipidus Hiroshi Arima Timothy Cheetham Mirjam Christ-Crain Deborah Cooper Mark Gurnell Juliana B Drummond Miles Levy Ann I McCormack Joseph Verbalis John Newell-Price John A H Wass

出版者

The Japan Endocrine Society

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.11, pp.1281-1284, 2022 (Released:2022-11-28)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 5

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“What’s in a name? That which we call a rose/By any other name would smell as sweet.” (Juliet, from Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare). Shakespeare’s implication is that a name is nothing but a word and it therefore represents a convention with no intrinsic meaning. Whilst this may be relevant to romantic literature, disease names do have real meanings, and consequences, in medicine. Hence, there must be a very good rational for changing the name of a disease that has a centuries-old historical context. A working group of representatives from national and international endocrinology and pediatric endocrine societies now proposes changing the name of “diabetes insipidus” to “Arginine Vasopressin Deficiency (AVP-D)” for central etiologies, and “Arginine Vasopressin Resistance (AVP-R)” for nephrogenic etiologies. This editorial provides both the historical context and the rational for this proposed name change.

著者

魚川 祐司

出版者

Japanese Association of Indian and Buddhist Studies

雑誌

印度學佛教學研究 (ISSN:00194344)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.2, pp.671-674,1252, 2007-03-20 (Released:2010-03-09)

参考文献数

3

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Kogyo Daishi Kakuban's (1095-1143) Gorin kuji myo himitsushaku is often interpreted as the work in which he try to synthesize Shingon esoteric Buddhism and Pure land Buddhism. But how did he do it? In this paper, through analyzing the relation between chapter about the gorin (五輪) and chapter about the kuji (九字) in the Gorin kuji myo himitsushaku, I consider how Kakuban assimilated Pure land Buddhism into Shingon esoteric Buddhism.

著者

近藤 靖史 青木 平等 太田 恭兵 永吉 智之 大塚 弘樹

出版者

一般社団法人 日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会技術報告集 (ISSN:13419463)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.41, pp.203-208, 2013-02-20 (Released:2013-02-20)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

1 1

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The attic in a house can be utilized for storage space but the thermal condition may not be suitable for such usage. In order to keep temperature in attic within a moderate range, it is well known that improvement of insulation and solar reflectance of roof are very effective but the combined effect of roof insulation and solar reflectance has not been discussed. In this study, such combined effect is examined on the basis of measured data in full scale house models and results of numerical simulations. The simulated results show good correspondence to measured data and numerical simulations under various conditions are conducted. This paper also gives the charts in which appropriate insulation performance and solar reflectance of roof can be selected according to requirement for attic space.

著者

高橋 恒介

出版者

日本知能情報ファジィ学会

雑誌

日本知能情報ファジィ学会 ファジィ システム シンポジウム 講演論文集 第22回ファジィ システム シンポジウム

巻号頁・発行日

pp.108, 2006 (Released:2007-05-30)

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地球温暖化による異常気象の増加が心配され、ニュースで話題になる。世界各都市の過去30年間の気象データと最近の気象データとの分析的比較のため、気象データを表計算ソフト上で一定ルールに従った音程データに変換し、作曲ソフトで楽譜に変換し、電子楽器で演奏させた。主要都市別の気象データ音楽は2進コード音で区切るように編曲され、どこの都市の気象データ音楽が演奏されているか句切の2進コード音で判別できる。CDへの演奏録音は過去の都市別気候を思い起こさせる証拠を残す作品として制作された。気象データに忠実であればあるほど聞き分けにくいファジイな音楽に響く。概略的に世界各都市の気候の違いを理解しやすくするため、音楽を雨量と気温の関係に基づいて5つのカテゴリに分類することを試みた。気象データ音楽CDを聞いて主要都市の気候の違いを感じ取っていただければ幸いであるが、聞きやすくするための編曲が今後の課題である。

著者

Hidesato Fujito Yuki Saito Haruna Nishimaki Yusuke Hori Yasunari Ebuchi Hiroyuki Hao Yasuo Okumura

出版者

International Heart Journal Association

雑誌

International Heart Journal (ISSN:13492365)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2, pp.432-436, 2021-03-30 (Released:2021-03-30)

参考文献数

18

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Embolic myocardial infarction (MI) caused by infective endocarditis (IE) is rare, but it is increasingly recognized as an important complication. This complication typically occurs in patients with aortic valve endocarditis during the acute phase of the infection. It is also known to have a high mortality rate; however, the best practice for its management is unclear owing to scarce available data. In addition, most cases of embolic acute MI (AMI) caused by IE are indirectly diagnosed with a combination of angiographic examination such as coronary angiography or cardiac computed tomography. Herein, we report a case of fatal embolic ST-elevation MI (STEMI) caused by mitral valve IE during the healed phase, which was clearly proven by the pathology findings.

著者

後藤 久貴 髙橋 良輔 馬場 一彦 青木 龍克 村山 雅俊 末次 宏晃 西 紘太朗 竹内 潤 内山 迪子 水光 正裕 小林 恭介 鳥越 雄史

出版者

西日本整形・災害外科学会

雑誌

整形外科と災害外科 (ISSN:00371033)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.247-250, 2018-03-25 (Released:2018-05-21)

参考文献数

10

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CPP法は,外閉鎖筋と方形回内筋の一部を切離し,梨状筋,上双子筋,内閉鎖筋,下双子筋を温存する股関節後方進入法である.【対象,方法】大腿骨頚部骨折に対しCPP法で人工骨頭挿入術を行った30例(男性7例,女性23例,平均85.1歳)を対象とした.ステムはExeter 12例,Taper wedge型17例,Zweymuller型1例であった.手術時間,術中出血量,腱損傷の程度,ステムアライメント,術中合併症,術後脱臼を調査した.腱損傷を,損傷なし,下双子筋損傷,腱実質損傷,腱完全断裂のGrade 1~4に分類した.【結果】手術時間60.8分,出血量161 g,腱損傷はgrade 1 8例,grade 2 15例,grade 3 7例,grade 4 0例であり,4°以上の内外反は3例であった.術後脱臼は認めてない.【まとめ】CPP法は人工骨頭の術後脱臼予防に有効な後方進入法である.

著者

津谷 好人 杉田 直樹

出版者

日本農業経営学会

雑誌

農業経営研究 (ISSN:03888541)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.2, pp.102-107, 2013-09-25 (Released:2016-06-01)

参考文献数

5

著者

Keita Tai Toshiya Mitsunaga Moe Kawasumi Takanori Kurata Yuichi Sato Ko Izumiyama

出版者

The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine

雑誌

Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine (ISSN:24321354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.20230031, 2023 (Released:2023-09-21)

参考文献数

25

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Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the influences of hemodialysis (HD) on activities of daily living (ADL) in patients with hip fracture.Methods: This study included 28 patients (14 HD and 14 non-HD patients) with acute hip fracture. The effects of variables such as age, sex, surgical procedure, length of hospital stay, serum albumin, C-reactive protein (CRP), number of physical therapy units, and functional independence measure (FIM) were assessed. For each factor, a two-group comparison was conducted between the HD and non-HD groups. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine the factors affecting FIM efficacy (E-FIM).Results: For HD patients, total and motor FIM at discharge, E-FIM, and albumin level were significantly lower than in non-HD patients. Length of hospital stay was significantly longer for HD patients. Multiple regression analysis showed that HD had a negative effect on E-FIM.Conclusions: The results suggest that rehabilitation for HD patients with hip fractures require intervention that not only provides standard rehabilitation but also addresses aspects of renal rehabilitation.

著者

Koji Takamoto Yutaka Morizaki Akira Fukuda Takashi Ohe

出版者

The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine

雑誌

Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine (ISSN:24321354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, pp.20230030, 2023 (Released:2023-09-21)

参考文献数

33

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Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of untreated hand diseases on hand grip strength, a value that is commonly used as a diagnostic parameter for sarcopenia and frailty in geriatric populations. We hypothesized that individuals with untreated hand diseases would have lower grip strength than those without hand diseases.Methods: A total of 240 individuals aged at least 65 years were recruited and divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of typical hand diseases. Grip strength was compared between the two groups separately for men and women using a t-test, with each group consisting of 60 women or 60 men.Results: Both women and men in the hand disease group exhibited significantly lower grip strength than those in the control group.Conclusions: These findings suggest that untreated hand diseases have a negative impact on grip strength, and this may introduce bias in the screening or diagnosis of sarcopenia and frailty. It is essential to consider the presence of hand diseases when measuring hand grip strength in older adults.

著者

河瀬 彰宏 吉原 秀樹

出版者

情報知識学会

雑誌

情報知識学会誌 (ISSN:09171436)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.200-205, 2020-05-23 (Released:2020-06-26)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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本研究では,戦後日本の首相の国会演説(施政方針演説・所信表明演説)に対してテキスト分析を行い,その内容の通時的変化を明らかにした.1945 年の東久邇宮内閣から2019 年の第四次安倍内閣までの全179 本の演説を収集し,昭和前期,昭和後期,平成前期,平成後期の4 時代に区分した上で,頻出名詞に対してTF-IDF 値を算出した.そして,全演説に対してLDA によるトピックモデルを作成し,首相ごとのトピックの推定を実施した.