著者

片柳 英樹

出版者

バーチャル学会運営委員会

雑誌

バーチャル学会発表概要集 バーチャル学会2022 (ISSN:27583791)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.61, 2022-12-12 (Released:2023-06-29)

著者

小俣 透

出版者

The Robotics Society of Japan

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.2, pp.217-224, 2001-03-15 (Released:2010-08-25)

参考文献数

11

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This paper analyzes the motion of a multi-limbed robot in contact with other objects or the ground at multiple points. A limb is defined as a serial link mechanism, such as an arm, a leg, a finger. The motion of the robot is restricted if the multiple contact points are held stationary. In general there are singular postures at which the motion of the robot has an additional degree of freedom. Contact at multiple points also causes the restriction on their sliding directions when they slide. This paper proves that when the robot is at the singular posture, the sliding directions are more restricted. We also show that the closer the robot approaches the singular posture, the more difficult the contact points slide in the directions infeasible at the singular posture. Sliding analysis is important not only for sliding control but also position and force controls of the limbs. We developed a quadruped robot which can take various postures, e.g. lying on the ground and standing on the knees. The motion of the quadruped robot is analyzed as an example of a multi-limbed robot in multi-point contact.

著者

山田 浩之

出版者

日本子ども社会学会

雑誌

子ども社会研究 (ISSN:13467654)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.124-141, 2006-06-30 (Released:2023-03-13)

著者

太宰 潮 奥谷 孝司

出版者

日本マーケティング学会

雑誌

マーケティングジャーナル (ISSN:03897265)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.1, pp.101-110, 2022-06-30 (Released:2022-06-30)

参考文献数

11

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本論は登山という趣味の分野で急伸している福岡のベンチャー会社,(株)ヤマップと,そのメインツールであるスマートフォンアプリ「YAMAP」について,特に社会的意義と顧客経験に焦点を当てながら取り上げたものである。まずは同社の成長の軌跡を紹介し,山を安全に楽しむこと,地域社会に貢献するといった社会性を有した事業活動やサービスについて紹介し,顧客経験の創出や改善,顧客対応もその理念に沿って実行されていることを説明する。そしてインプリケーションとしては実務的枠組み,顧客経験の枠組み,パーパスという3つの視点から同社の成長の理由を考察した。

著者

筒井 俊春 坂槙 航 前道 俊宏 坂田 淳 鳥居 俊

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.3, pp.253-259, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-05-10)

参考文献数

26

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The purpose of this study was to determine the developmental pattern of swing speed in youth baseball players between 6 and 14 years old. A total of 1213 baseball players performed toss batting. Swing speed was measured with a specialized accelerometer. In addition, 618 of the 1213 players were measured for total fat free mass by using Inbody770. In study1, Regression analysis was performed on the relationship between chronological age or height and swing speed, and the extreme values were calculated. Then, an allometric equation based on height was also used to estimate the relative growth of swing speed and total fat free mass and to compare the difference of relative growth patterns between swing speed and total fat free mass in study2. Swing speed was strongly related to both chronological age and height, with cubic regression for the relationship with chronological age and linear for the relationship with height. The regression equation obtained for chronological age was solved and found that developmental rate was maximal at approximately 10.25 years old. Allometric analysis showed that the developmental pattern of swing speed differed from that of fat free mass, with a temporary decline in developmental rate from 153.6 cm to 160.9 cm. Based on the results of this study, further research in youth baseball players would be expected to identify the factors causing sluggish development of swing speed as well as to develop an exercise program for improving batting ability.

著者

山田 洋 小河原 慶太 内山 秀一 伊藤 栄治 宮崎 康文 宮崎 誠司

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.72, no.3, pp.201-213, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-05-10)

参考文献数

19

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This study aimed to examine the effects of college baseball pitching on movement, performance, physical strength, and physiological and psychological functions of pitchers. The participants were 10 right-handed male pitchers from the University baseball team. The number of pitches were 15 per inning and 135 per nine innings. Ball speed and accuracy were measured for each pitching. The grip strength, back muscle strength, and standing long jump were measured before and after all pitches. Blood lactate levels were measured before pitching, at the end of the 5th and 7th innings, and at 3rd, 6th, and 9th minutes after pitching. The participant’s heart rate and subjective exercise intensity were measured at the beginning and end of each inning using the Borg scale measurement. Five high-speed cameras were used to capture the pitching motions. The displacement of the center of gravity, lower and upper limb joint angles, and the speed of each segment were calculated. The baseball speed and accuracy did not change with the increased number of pitches. However, the grip strength decreased. Although blood lactate and heart rate were not altered, subjective exercise intensity was increased. The lower limb kinematics remained unchanged; however, elbow height was reduced in the upper limb. These results suggest that highly competitive pitchers experience subjective fatigue with the increased number of pitches, however, they maintain pitch performance, speed, and accuracy without altering whole-body physiology and lower-body function and form.

著者

宮路 天平

出版者

一般社団法人 日本薬剤疫学会

雑誌

薬剤疫学 (ISSN:13420445)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.Supplement, pp.s43-s44, 2018 (Released:2019-04-29)

著者

奥 健夫

出版者

一般社団法人 日本心身医学会

雑誌

心身医学 (ISSN:03850307)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.6, pp.539, 2009-06-01 (Released:2017-08-01)

著者

Hidekazu Hiroaki

出版者

The Biophysical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biophysics and Physicobiology (ISSN:21894779)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.e200007, 2023 (Released:2023-03-04)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

1

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To completely treat and ultimately prevent dementia, it is essential to elucidate its pathogenic mechanisms in detail. There are two major hypotheses for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s dementia: the β-amyloid (Aβ) hypothesis and the tau hypothesis. The modified amyloid hypothesis, which proposes that toxic oligomers rather than amyloid fibrils are the essential cause, has recently emerged. Aβ peptides [Aβ(1–40) and Aβ(1–42)] form highly insoluble aggregates in vivo and in vitro. These Aβ aggregates contain many polymorphisms, whereas Aβ peptides are intrinsically disordered in physiological aqueous solutions without any compact conformers. Over the last three decades, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has greatly contributed to elucidating the structure of each polymorph, while solution NMR has revealed the dynamic nature of the transient conformations of the monomer. Moreover, several methods to investigate the aggregation process based on the observation of magnetization saturation transfer have also been developed. The complementary use of NMR methods with cryo-electron microscopy, which has rapidly matured, is expected to clarify the relationship between the amyloid and molecular pathology of Alzheimer’s dementia in the near future. This review article is an extended version of the Japanese article, Insights into the Mechanisms of Oligomerization/Fibrilization of Amyloid β Peptide from Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, published in SEIBUTSU BUTSURI Vol. 62, p. 39–42 (2022).

著者

西條 了康

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.3, pp.181-185, 1994-03-25 (Released:2009-05-25)

参考文献数

5

著者

岩井 完

出版者

日本内分泌外科学会・日本甲状腺外科学会

雑誌

日本内分泌・甲状腺外科学会雑誌 (ISSN:21869545)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.2-6, 2016 (Released:2016-04-20)

参考文献数

2

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医療訴訟は近年再び増加傾向にあり,年間800~900件程度の医療訴訟が提起されている。医事紛争全体の内,訴訟になる件数はごく一部であることを踏まえると,全国で発生している医事紛争の件数の多さを実感せざるを得ない。医事紛争を防止する対策はぜひ検討しておきたいところである。医事紛争については,その争点を突き詰めていくと,多くは2つの視点,つまり「説明」と「記録化」というキーワードに集約される。「説明」の核となるのはご存知の通り,患者の自己決定権の確保のための説明である。「記録化」の核となるのは診療行為のカルテ類への記録である。これらは言葉に表すといかにも当たり前のようであるが,一体何をどの程度説明すべきなのか,記録について特に留意すべき点は何かということについては意外と見落としがちである。本稿では,「説明」と「記録化」について留意すべき点を具体的に述べさせて頂いている。

著者

Xiaodan Zhou Yanbing Zhou Renjie Chen Wenjuan Ma Haiju Deng Haidong Kan

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.6, pp.418-423, 2013-11-05 (Released:2013-11-05)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

31 42

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Background: Recent studies indicate that ambient temperature could be a risk factor for infectious diarrhea, but evidence for such a relation is limited in China.Methods: We investigated the short-term association between daily temperature and physician-diagnosed infectious diarrhea during 2008–2010 in Shanghai, China. We adopted a time-series approach to analyze the data and a quasi-Poisson regression model with a natural spline-smoothing function to adjust for long-term and seasonal trends, as well as other time-varying covariates.Results: There was a significant association between temperature and outpatient visits for diarrhea. A 1°C increase in the 6-day moving average of temperature was associated with a 2.68% (95% CI: 1.83%, 3.52%) increase in outpatient visits for diarrhea. We did not find a significant association between rainfall and infectious diarrhea.Conclusions: High temperature might be a risk factor for infectious diarrhea in Shanghai. Public health programs should focus on preventing diarrhea related to high temperature among city residents.

著者

園生 雅弘

出版者

日本脊髄外科学会

雑誌

脊髄外科 (ISSN:09146024)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.1, pp.14-22, 2011 (Released:2017-05-11)

参考文献数

61

被引用文献数

5 3

著者

田浦 晶子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本めまい平衡医学会

雑誌

Equilibrium Research (ISSN:03855716)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.2, pp.47-57, 2018-04-30 (Released:2018-06-01)

参考文献数

63

被引用文献数

1

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Cervical vertigo is known as vertigo due to a neck problem. However cervical vertigo remains controversial because there are neither reliable tests nor recognized signs. Supporters of cervical vertigo insist that it is the most common vertigo syndrome. Additionally, some studies demonstrated that stimuli applied to the neck induced nystagmus and dizziness. To date, pathophysiologically four different hypothetical mechanisms have been attributed to cervical vertigo: (1) sympathetic dysfunction; (2) proprioceptive dysfunction; (3) rotational vertebral artery compression (Bow hunter's syndrome); and (4) overlap with migraine associated vertigo. However there are no established tests to diagnose cervical vertigo and diagnosis mostly depends on the patient's past history or subjective complaint such as neck pain. Therefore vestibular or other neurological diseases must be excluded first. Treatment should be specified according to the cause of cervical vertigo. For sympathetic dysfunction due to cervical spondylosis, decompression therapy such as cervical disc decompression might be effective. Physical therapy is reported to be useful for proprioceptive cervical vertigo. In the case of cervical vertigo due to vertebral artery compression, conservative management, decompression surgery and endovascular therapy are major treatment methods. In the future, cervical vertigo is expected to increase due to the expansion of the use of electronic devices such as smartphones. Appropriate clinical examinations and diagnostic criteria should be established urgently.

著者

阿江 茂

出版者

日本鱗翅学会

雑誌

蝶と蛾 (ISSN:00240974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, no.4, pp.65-89, 1962-08-20 (Released:2017-08-10)

被引用文献数

1

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(1)筆者は1957年から生物の種間の本質的な差を調査して,その分化の過程を研究するために,日本及び北米産のアゲハチョウ属を用いて,種間交配を行ってその受精率,ふ化率,羽化率,種間雑種の生殖能力等より種間の近縁度を調ペ,又種の差を形成している形質の遺伝様式を研究している.1957年度はロッキー山生物学研究所において,それ以後は南山大学において研究を続けているが,この研究の完成には長年月を要するので,中間報告としてこれまでの研究結果を要約した.(2)交配はhand pairing法により,採卵には螢光照明を用い,幼虫飼育には普通の飼育箱を利用した.(3)クロキアゲハ×ロッキーキアゲハ,キアゲハ×ロッキーキアゲハ,クロキアゲハ×キアゲハの3種の交配は種内交配と殆んど同程度の受精率,ふ化率等を有している.(4)1対のクロキアゲハ♀×ロッキーキアゲハ♂より78♂♂と1〓を得,2対のロッキーキアゲハ♀×クロキアゲハ♂から10♂♂と20♀♀を得た.成虫は殆んどクロキアゲハと同様で,♂♀共に生殖可能であった.(5)キアゲハ×ロッキーキアゲハの3対の交配から3♀♀2♂♂を得た.成虫は大体両親の中間となった.(6)クロキアゲハ×キアゲハの1対の交配から6♂♂3♀♀1〓を得たが,成虫は後翅眼状紋が両親の中間である以外は,ほぼクロキアゲハと同様であった.(7)アゲハ×キアゲハ,アゲハ×クロキアゲハ,アゲハ×ロッキーキアゲハの3種の交配では大部分の卵が受精し,過半数に近くふ化したが,得られた成虫はすべて小形で♂のみであった.(8)上記の3交配より得られた成虫数及び外見は夫々,11対より29頭(両親の中間)3対より10頭(クロキアゲハに似る),1対より5頭(両親の中間)であった.食草は主にセリを用い,第1第2の交配ではカラタチも用いた.幼虫,蛹は夫々大体両親の中間となった.(9)アゲハ×クロアゲハ,モンキアゲハ,オオガアゲハ,ナガサキアゲハの4種の交配は夫々数対又はそれ以上より卵を得た.受精率,ふ化率等は一般に非常に低く,最良の結果を得たアゲハ×オナガアゲハの交配でも,3令幼虫の終期に達したのみであった.(10)アゲハ×カラスアゲハ,ミヤマカラスアゲハの交配の受精率,ふ化率等も非常に低く夫々1令幼虫,2令幼虫で死亡した.(11)アゲハ×メスグロオオトラフアゲハの1対の交配の受精率は高かったが,ふ化したのは1頭のみで蛹期で死亡した.幼虫,蛹は小形である他はメスグロオオトラフアゲハと同様で,食草にはユリノキを用いた.(12)モソキアゲハ×クロアゲハ,シロオビアゲハ×クロアゲハ,シロオビアゲハ×モンキアゲハの3種の交配では,大部分の卵が受精し過半数がふ化したが,得られた成虫はやや小形ですペて♂であった.(13)上記の3交配より得られた成虫数及び外見は夫々,5対より1 頭(両親の中間),1対より4頭(両親の中間),1対より18頭(シロオビアゲハに似る)であった.幼虫,蛹も大体両親の中間であって,食草は主としてナツミカンを用いた.(14)ナガサキアゲハ×モンキアゲハ,ナガサキアゲハ×オナガアゲハ,オナガアゲハ×クロアゲハの夫々1対の交配は,夫々蛹期(2頭)蛹期(1頭)5令幼虫期(1頭)に達した.(15)カラスアゲハとミヤマカラスアゲハの1対の交配からほぼ両親の中間となった2♂♂を得た.幼虫の食草にはイヌザンショウを用いた.(16)カラスアゲハ×クスノキアゲハの交配で2個の受精卵を確認したがふ化しなかった.(17)カラスアゲハ×モンキアゲハの健全な5対の交配から得た189卵のいずれからも発生開始を認め得なかった.(18)キアゲハ,クロキアゲハ,ロッキーキアゲハは互に非常に近縁と考えられるが,ロッキーキアゲハの1化性が雑種において複雑な遺伝様式を示すものと思われ,顕著な逆交配の差を生じた.(19)アゲハは上記の3種に対して非常に近縁ではなく,種間交配の点からアゲハをキアゲハ群の典形的な一員とすることは出来ない.(20)アゲハと"ク口アゲハ群"は幼虫の色彩が類似しているが,その関係はアゲハとキアゲハ群の間の関係よりはるかにはなれている.

著者

沢田 芳男

出版者

Japanese Society of Tropical Medicine

雑誌

Japanese Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (ISSN:03042146)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.1, pp.1-19, 1974-06-15 (Released:2011-05-20)

参考文献数

21

著者

大東 祥孝

出版者

一般社団法人 日本高次脳機能障害学会

雑誌

高次脳機能研究 (旧 失語症研究) (ISSN:13484818)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.212-217, 2012-06-30 (Released:2013-07-01)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 1

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前頭葉関連症状を, 遂行機能制御系の障害と動機的セイリアンス系の障害とに区別して捉える視点を示し, 後者が社会行動障害としてカテゴリー化される症状を形成していることを指摘した。前頭葉関連症状のうちの動機的セイリアンス系の障害として, (1) 脱抑制, (2) アパシー, (3) 被影響性症状─常同性 (固執) 症状, (4) 障害についての気づきの稀薄化, をあげ, それぞれについて, セイリアンス障害との関連を指摘した。

著者

森 美佳 秋田 美恵子 梅沢 陽太郎 足利 朋子 山下 敦己 長江 千愛 山崎 哲 高山 成伸 金子 英恵 那和 雪乃 松井 宏晃 瀧 正志

出版者

学校法人 聖マリアンナ医科大学医学会

雑誌

聖マリアンナ医科大学雑誌 (ISSN:03872289)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.207-215, 2017 (Released:2017-12-04)

参考文献数

25

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背景:ステロイドと血栓症の関連は未だ不明点が多い。我々は免疫性血小板減少症(ITP)におけるメチルプレドニゾロン(m-PSL)パルス療法前後での凝固因子の変化と,ヒト肝癌細胞株HepG2細胞を用いたm-PSLによる凝固因子遺伝子mRNA発現量の変化を検討し,m-PSLによる凝固亢進状態形成機序を考察した。方法:m-PSL(30 mg/kg/dose)を経静脈的に体内に3日間投与したITP症例(n=3)において,投与前と投与終了翌日にフィブリノゲン,プロトロンビン,凝固第V,VII,VIII,IX,X,XI,XII因子活性の変化を観察した。またm-PSL(100 μM)添加HepG2細胞における凝固因子遺伝子mRNAを定量RT-PCRにて測定した。結果:ITP症例ではm-PSLパルス療法後に第VIII因子活性の上昇(p=0.00064)を認めた。HepG2細胞では第XI因子遺伝子mRNAは有意に低下した(p=0.044)が,その他mRNA発現量の変化を認めた凝固因子遺伝子はなかった。考察:本研究結果はm-PSL投与後のFVIII: C増加が凝固亢進状態形成に関与する可能性を示唆する。しかしITP患者での凝固因子活性変化とHepG2細胞での凝固因子遺伝子mRNA発現量の変化は一致せず,m-PSLによる凝固亢進状態形成機序の解明には更なる検討を要する。

著者

中牟田 直昭 山本 修一 占部 昇芳

出版者

公益社団法人 日本コンクリート工学会

雑誌

コンクリート工学 (ISSN:03871061)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.1, pp.32-36, 2014 (Released:2016-01-01)

被引用文献数

2

著者

中地 美枝

出版者

ロシア・東欧学会

雑誌

ロシア・東欧研究 (ISSN:13486497)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2021, no.50, pp.1-20, 2021 (Released:2022-06-11)

参考文献数

34

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This article introduces to Japanese readers an analysis of the Soviet Union’s postwar pronatalist policy and its effects on gender and society as published in Mie Nakachi, Replacing the Dead: The Politics of Reproduction in the Postwar Soviet Union (Oxford University Press, 2021). In particular, it highlights the evolution of the 1944 Family Law’s formulation and implementation, explaining how the introduction of this policy eventually led to the world’s first legalization of abortion based on the recognition of women’s right to abortion in a country where no feminist movements were allowed.On July 8, 1944 the Soviet government promulgated the new family law. This was in response to the unprecedented scale of demographic crisis the Soviet Union faced after WWII: the loss of 27 million people and an extremely skewed sex imbalance. Millions of women had lost their past partners or future mates in the war. In order to recover from this crisis at an accelerated pace, N. S. Khrushchev, the leader in Ukraine during the war, drafted a pronatalist proposal and sent it to Moscow, where after multiple revisions it became the postwar family law.One of the most significant and questionable features of Khrushchev’s brainchild was the encouragement of the birth of out-of-wedlock children. In order to achieve this goal, the law encompassed several fundamental changes, such as making only registered marriage legal, denying out-of-wedlock children the right to be registered under their fathers’ names, and releasing fathers from legal and financial responsibilities for their out-of-wedlock children. In consequence, women’s standing in gender relations suffered. Moreover, equality between children born in marriage and those born out-of-wedlock, established after the 1917 Revolution, would disappear.Eleven years later, in 1955, the Soviet government re-legalized abortion. Does this mean that the pronatalist policy had ended? If so, did Soviet demography recover from the war, thanks to the postwar pronatalist policy of 1944? Or was this reform a part of the broader de-Stalinization process?This article discusses the policy’s effects on demography, gender relations, and family and argues that the most important context for the reversal of the Stalinist criminalization of abortion in 1936 was not the death of Stalin in 1953, but the ongoing criticism of postwar pronatalist policy coming from Soviet professionals, particularly doctors, female party members, and women, a drumroll that had already begun in the late 1940s. Mariia D. Kovrigina, the first and last female All-Union Health Minister, promoted the idea of women’s right to abortion, which became the core of re-legalization. However, this historic development was muted due to the special, typically Soviet, circumstances of this process. In this way, this article points out possibilities as well as limitations for the reproductive rights movement under state socialism.