著者

長谷川 修一

出版者

公益社団法人 日本化学会

雑誌

化学と教育 (ISSN:03862151)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.10, pp.488-491, 2014-10-20 (Released:2017-06-16)

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世界で唯一,楽器として利用されている岩石は,香川県からで産出されるサヌカイト(讃岐岩)であろう。サヌカイトは約1350万年前に特異な瀬戸内火山活動によって地表に噴出した溶岩が冷却してできた火山岩である。マグマから急冷したにもかかわらず,火山岩によく見られる発泡による空隙がほとんどない緻密な岩石である。サヌカイトが金属音を出すのは,非常に緻密でP波伝播速度が約6,000m/sと大きいため,動弾性係数が他の岩石と比較して著しく大きいことによる。

著者

松宮 利佳

出版者

日本学校音楽教育実践学会

雑誌

学校音楽教育研究 (ISSN:13429043)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, pp.25-36, 2019-03-31 (Released:2019-06-21)

参考文献数

44

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This research aims to clarify the significances and directions of music classes using popular music by focusing on their sociological and political contexts. The problem with practices related to popular music is that they do not capture the original essences of the music. Therefore, this research looks at the sociological and political contexts and the essences of the music, using the method of musicology after post-modernism. In doing so, this paper relies on British sociologist and popular music researcher Simon Frith and discusses the essences of popular music while comparing with those contexts of classical music.  Through discussions on issues surrounding sociological and political contexts, the following could be concluded. ① Popular music can not be thought of without considering sociological contexts. ② Popular music has transformational flexibility depending on mass media, so it tends to be linked to political contexts. To understand popular music from these essences gives students new viewpoints of understanding the music, so it has significance in that it may lead to the expansion of their view of music.  From this point of view, this paper pointed out some problems in the field of listening and singing that are often dealt with, and clarified the specific directions. The following consideration results were extracted. ① Many music classes using popular music focus on historical contexts. ② Many are the main objective of understanding features of the music. In these respects, the present situations in which the essences of music were not captured became evident. I can point out that the viewpoint and the directions to overcome this situation not only to understand the music from the historical and cultural contexts noted in the Instructional Guidelines but also by understanding the music from the sociological and political contexts.

著者

山川 修治

出版者

Tokyo Geographical Society

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.2, pp.183-195, 1993-04-25 (Released:2010-11-18)

参考文献数

60

被引用文献数

1 5

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Natural disasters in Little Ice Age (c. 1550-1850) and its climatic variations which formed a significant background for the disasters are mentioned. Cool summers due to a prevailing Okhotsk High were characteristic of this period. Cold winters, summer heavy rains and unstable atmospheric conditions also constituted essential features of Little Ice Age. Aerosol ejected by a series of major volcanic eruptions partly prevented solar radiation from reaching the earth' s surface (parasol effect), which resulted in cool and unusual weather. Agriculture, in particular, was vulnerable to bad weather damage. As a result of decreasing direct insolation, sometimes together with lowering temperature and/or locally increasing precipitation, seven major famines occurred during the Edo Era (1663-1868) which approximately coincided with Little Ice Age. Several cases in this paper suggest that natural environment in Little Ice Age was marked by both volcanism and weakened solar activities which “Maunder Minimum”(1645-1715) represented.

著者

Shigeyuki Asano

出版者

The Japanese Society for Lymphoreticular Tissue Research

雑誌

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hematopathology (ISSN:13464280)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, no.1, pp.1-16, 2012 (Released:2012-06-06)

参考文献数

94

被引用文献数

37 111

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In this review, representative types of granulomatous lymphadenitis (GLA) are described. GLA can be classified as noninfectious GLA and infectious GLA. Noninfectious GLA includes sarcoidosis and sarcoid-like reaction. The cause of sarcoidosis remains unknown, but it has good prognosis. Sarcoid-like reaction, which is considered to be a biological defense mechanism, is observed in regional lymph nodes with many underlying diseases. Infectious GLA can be classified as suppurative lymphadenitis (LA) and nonsuppurative LA. Suppurative LA generally shows follicular hyperplasia and sinus histiocytosis in the early phase. In tularemia and cat scratch disease, monocytoid B lymphocytes (MBLs) with T cells and macrophages contribute to the formation of granuloma. However, none of the epithelioid cell granulomas of Yersinia LA contains MBLs like in cat scratch disease. In addition, almost all have a central abscess in granulomas induced by Gram-negative bacteria. In terms of the lymph nodes, tularemia and cat scratch disease are apt to affect the axillary and cervical regions while Yersinia LA affects the mesenteric lymph node. Nonsuppurative LA includes tuberculosis and BCG-histiocytosis. These are induced by delayed allergic reaction of M. tuberculosis. Tuberculosis LA mainly appears in the cervical lymph node. Organisms are histologically detected by Ziehl-Neelsen staining in the necrotic area. Toxoplasmosis is also a nonsuppurative protozoan infection (Toxoplasma gondii). In toxoplasma LA, MBLs can also be seen, but round and organized, well-formed granulomas are not found in this disease. Furthermore, necrosis is not induced and there are no accompanying neutrophils, eosinophils and fibrosis. GLA described above is associated with characteristic histological findings. An accurate pathological diagnosis using the above findings can lead to precise treatment. [J Clin Exp Hematopathol 52(1) : 1-16, 2012]

著者

浅野 大喜 瀬戸 雄海 山崎 千恵子 清水 健太 瀬川 麻衣子 小林 正行

出版者

日本理学療法士学会

雑誌

理学療法学 (ISSN:02893770)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.11888, (Released:2020-09-12)

参考文献数

16

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【目的】COVID-19 により入院した高齢者と若年者の2 例に対し,感染対策をしながら理学療法を実施した。今回,その取り組み方法と症例の経過について報告する。【方法】実施にあたり,部署内で,担当者の選定,実施方法の選択,実施中の留意点の取り決めを行った。それにしたがい高齢者には直接介入,若年者には間接介入を選択し実施した。評価は,症例1(高齢者)は運動,認知機能について,症例2(若年者)は精神機能について評価を行った。【結果】症例1 は,運動,認知機能ともに初期評価時より向上し,入院32 日目に入院前に生活していた施設に退院した。症例2 は,運動機能の維持だけでなく,抑うつや混乱などの精神機能にも向上がみられ,入院24 日目に自宅退院となった。【結論】入院中のCOVID-19 患者に対する理学療法は,高齢者,若年者いずれの場合においても,運動機能,認知・精神機能に対して効果があることが示唆された。

著者

宮 正樹

出版者

環境アセスメント学会

雑誌

環境アセスメント学会誌 (ISSN:13481819)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.20-24, 2020-08-10 (Released:2020-08-10)

参考文献数

11

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This paper briefly reviews current methodology and practices of the environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding approach using a universal PCR primer pair MiFish, which co-amplifies a short fragment of fish DNA (around 170 bp from the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene) across a wide variety of taxa. This method has been applied to biodiversity monitoring using eDNA shed from fish and, coupled with next-generation sequencing technologies, allowed to perform massively parallel sequencing of several hundred eDNA samples simultaneously. Since the publication of its technical outline in 2015, this method has been widely used in various aquatic environments in and around the six continents, and MiFish primers have been demonstrably shown to outperform other competing primers. Additionally, I introduce the latest information on the government-led initiatives of biodiversity monitoring using MiFish eDNA metabarcoding.

著者

古村 孝志

出版者

公益社団法人 東京地学協会

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.123, no.4, pp.434-450, 2014-08-25 (Released:2014-09-01)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

2 9

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In the Kanto basin, long-period (T = 6-8s) ground motions develop during large (M > 7) earthquakes due to the resonance of surface waves with thick (> 3000m) sedimentary layers covering rigid bedrock. Such long-period ground motions can cause significant damage to modern large-scale, long natural-period structures such as skyscrapers, oil storage tanks, and long bridges. Therefore, it is important that residents of modern Tokyo metropolitan area cities be forewarned about the potential for such disasters. In the present paper, the development of large and long-duration, long-period ground motions in central Tokyo is investigated by analyzing waveform data from recent large earthquakes obtained from dense seismic networks extending over the Kanto basin. It is demonstrated that the interaction of surface waves with the three-dimensional sedimentary structure beneath the Kanto region causes peculiar and directional dependencies related to the amplification strength of the long-period ground motions. For example, the long-period ground motions resulting from earthquakes occurring in northern Japan cannot develop efficiently in central Tokyo. This might be one reason for the relatively weak long-period ground motions observed in central Tokyo during the 2011 Off Tohoku M 9.0 earthquake compared to those of other M 7-8 class events, such as the 1944 Tonankai (M 7.9) and the 2003 Off Tokachi (M 8.0) earthquakes. The results of computer simulations using detailed subsurface structures and source-slip models for an anticipated Nankai Trough M 8.7 earthquake indicates that the strength of long-period ground motions in central Tokyo can be expected to be at least double than those observed during the 2011 Off Tohoku earthquake.

著者

K.T.

出版者

公益社団法人 日本船舶海洋工学会

雑誌

造船協会雑纂 (ISSN:24331023)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.241, pp.214-218, 1942-04-15 (Released:2018-04-21)

著者

Toshiyuki Noda Kazuhiko Nishigaki Shinya Minatoguchi

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-20-0307, (Released:2020-06-11)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

34

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Background:Because ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) extensively damages the heart, regenerative therapy with pluripotent stem cells such as multilineage-differentiating stress enduring (Muse) cells is required.Methods and Results:In a first-in-human study, 3 STEMI patients with a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤45% after successful percutaneous coronary intervention received intravenously 1.5×107cells of a human Muse cell-based product, CL2020. The safety and efficacy on LVEF and wall motion score index (WMSI) were evaluated for 12 weeks. No adverse drug reaction was noted. LVEF and WMSI were markedly improved.Conclusions:The first-in-human intravenous administration of CL2020 was safe and markedly improved LV function in STEMI patients.

著者

二瓶 直登

出版者

公益財団法人 日本学術協力財団

雑誌

学術の動向 (ISSN:13423363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.4, pp.4_28-4_32, 2017-04-01 (Released:2017-08-11)

著者

橋本 通

出版者

昭和大学学士会

雑誌

昭和学士会雑誌 (ISSN:2187719X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.2, pp.164-169, 2016 (Released:2016-12-22)

著者

宮下 健太郎

出版者

「野生生物と社会」学会

雑誌

ワイルドライフ・フォーラム (ISSN:13418785)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.26-27, 2015-07-15 (Released:2017-11-03)

著者

埴淵 知哉 村中 亮夫 安藤 雅登

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地理学会

雑誌

E-journal GEO (ISSN:18808107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, no.1, pp.81-98, 2015-01-01 (Released:2015-10-08)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

7 17

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社会調査環境の変化を受けて,廉価で迅速にデータを収集できるインターネット調査に注目が集まっている.本論文では,標本の代表性と測定の精度という二つの側面からインターネット調査の課題を整理するとともに,実際に行われた調査データを用いて,回答行動,回答内容,そして地理的特性について分析した.その結果,インターネット調査における標本の偏りや,「不良回答」が回答時間と関連していることを確認し,地理的特性がそれらと一定の関連をもつことを指摘した.さらに,地理学における今後のインターネット調査利用の課題と将来の利用可能性について考察した.

著者

田中 秀臣

出版者

経済学史学会

雑誌

経済学史研究 (ISSN:18803164)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.2, pp.100-101, 2020 (Released:2020-02-29)

著者

河内 啓二

出版者

社団法人 日本流体力学会

雑誌

日本流体力学会誌「ながれ」 (ISSN:02863154)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.4, pp.323-329, 2002-08-25 (Released:2011-08-16)

参考文献数

9

著者

瀬野 徹三

出版者

SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.2, pp.97-116, 2012-01-25 (Released:2012-02-20)

参考文献数

83

被引用文献数

13 23

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Great earthquakes have historically occurred along the Nankai Trough. It has been said that they ruptured part or whole of characteristic fault planes A, B, C, D, and E repeatedly. However, there are a number of enigmas for their occurrence. Major ones are as follows. The 1944 Showa-Tonankai earthquake occurred only 90 years after the 1854 Ansei earthquakes. The 90-year period seems short compared with other time intervals of the historical earthquakes. The Tonankai earthquake did not rupture fault plane E west of the Suruga Trough, by some unknown reasons. The Tokai earthquake anticipated at fault plane E has not occurred yet since the Ansei-Tokai event even if a slow slip event occurred recently near the downdip end of its rupture zone. In this study, I propose a model to solve these enigmas. I characterize a fault plane of a great earthquake into a seismic-b.eq, a tsunami-b.eq, and a geodetic-b.eq, in which seismic waves, tsunamis, and crustal deformations are dominantly generated, respectively. I compare these different bands of rupture zones between the 1944 Showa-Tonankai and 1854 Ansei-Tokai earthquakes, the 1946 Showa-Nankai and 1854 Ansei-Nankai earthquakes, and the 1707 Hoei and other earthquakes, using seismic intensity data and previous studies on asperities, tsunamis, and crustal deformations. It is found that the Ansei-Tokai and Showa-Tonankai earthquakes scarcely shared their seismic-b.eqs. The tsunami- and geodetic-b.eqs of the Ansei-Tokai earthquake extended to the west of its seismic-b.eq, and was shared by, but did not cover the seismic-, tsunami- and geodetic-b.eqs of the Showa-Tonankai earthquake. It cannot thus be said that the Ansei-Tokai earthquake ruptured fault planes C+D+E or that fault plane E was left unbroken after the Showa-Tonankai earthquake. The occurrence of these two earthquakes is rather complementary from a viewpoint of the seismic-b.eq. The seismic-b.eq of the Ansei-Nankai earthquake also seems to have been different from and was located further north than that of the Showa-Nankai earthquake. On the other hand, the Hoei earthquake had a seismic-b.eq similar to those of the Showa earthquakes. I group historical great earthquakes into the Ansei-type or the Hoei-type, which has a seismic-b.eq similar to either of the Ansei or Hoei earthquake. It is likely that the Ansei-type earthquakes are the 684 Hakuho, 1096 Eicho-1099 Kowa, 1498 Meio, and 1854 Ansei earthquakes and recurred with a ∼400-year period, and that the Hoei-type earthquakes are the 887 Ninna, 1361 Shohei, 1707 Hoei, and 1944 Tonankai-1946 Nankai earthquakes and recurred with a ∼350-year period. Since the Showa-Tonankai earthquake was complementary to the Ansei-Tokai earthquake, the 90-year period between the two events is not a recurrence time and it is natural that the Showa-Tonankai did not rupture fault plane E. It is also natural that the next Tokai earthquake did not occur even if the slow slip event occurred at its downdip end, because it is expected to occur at least ∼200 years after present, because the earthquake precedent the Ansei-Tokai event would be the 1498 Meio earthquake.

著者

斎藤 叶吉

出版者

The Association of Japanese Geographers

雑誌

地理学評論 (ISSN:00167444)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.8, pp.432-442, 1959-08-01 (Released:2008-12-24)

参考文献数

11

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福島盆地について桑園減少と果樹園増加の傾向,両者の関係,各地域の内部構造について調査した.その主な結果は次のごとくである. 桑園増加は1920年頃まで行われ,その後は停滞か減少をつづけた.これは暖地の桑園増加におされた結果である. 1929年以降の桑園増減形式では,南部は戦後も残存が多いが,減少をつづける型,東部も残存多く,最近やや増加傾向を示す型,その他の地域には減少をつづける型があらわれる. 桑園は根刈か中刈が多いが,ここは兼用桑園の北限にあるため,根刈は葉が軟弱となり,能率が悪い.交互抜採の中刈桑園がよい. 盆地の桑園は現在,梁川付近の阿武隈川氾濫原に多いが,県全体の分布中心地は,その西の阿武隈山麓丘陵地にある.福島県の桑園分布の中心は東に動いた形勢がある. 果樹園の増加は各果樹の古くからの中心地から周辺に広がつた形をとつている. 1929年以降の増加傾向をみると,最大の増加地域は盆地の中央部にあらわれ,西部から西北部がそれについでいる.これらは桑園減少の大きい地域と一致する.未結果果樹園の分布も果樹園増加傾向と似ているから,現在福島盆地にみられる地域分化は,今後いつそう深められそうな状況がうかがえる. 最初りんごは水田,梨は開墾畑,桃は河畔や丘陵の畑に入つたが,戦後,りんごは水田・普通畑・桃畑,梨は普通畑,桃は桑畑と開墾畑に多く入る.農業統計からみると,盆地中央部の果樹地域では水田と桑園が果樹園化し,その他は桑園からであるが,桑園の減少した面積を果樹園と普通畑,ときには水田も加わつて,地域ごとに異なる割合でで蚕食している.開墾畑の果樹園化も考えられる. 藤田・保原・福島・微温湯を結ぶ線は,果樹作と他の形の農業との競合線にあたる.その線の内外で農業目標を異にし,内部溝造にも影響がおよんでいる. 盆地は農業の地域分化が明らかである.未結果果樹園率からみて,甲府盆地・長野盆地ほど果樹園化が活発でなさそうに思えるから,この地域分化は当分の間存続しそうである.

著者

小笠原 祐子

出版者

The Japan Sociological Society

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.1, pp.165-181, 2005-06-30 (Released:2009-10-19)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 1 3

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家事・育児・介護分担に関する研究が多数報告される中で, 生計維持分担に関する調査は十分になされてきたとは言えない.従来の研究では, 雇用と生計維持は必ずしも区別されず, 働く行為の意味が看過されてきた.本調査では, 同じようにフルタイムで継続就業する共働き夫婦といえども生計維持分担意識はさまざまであり, 分担意識の低い夫婦と高い夫婦が存在することが明らかになった.分担意識の低い夫婦においては, 生計維持者たる夫の仕事が妻の仕事より優先され, 家庭と仕事の両立が問題となるのはもっぱら妻の方であった.これに対し, 生計維持分担意識の高い夫婦は, 2人がともに生計維持者として就業を継続できるよう働き方を調整していた.これは, 夫婦両者の就業に一定の制約をもたらす一方で, 生計維持責任を1人で負担しなくてもよいことからくる自由度も与えていた.前者の夫婦は, どちらかと言えば旧来型の企業中心の生活を送る傾向が見られたのに対し, 後者の夫婦は, 脱企業中心のライフスタイルを希求するケースが多く, 働き方やライフスタイルが一部の階層で夫婦の選択となってきていることが示唆された.

著者

田口 文広 田代 眞人

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.8, pp.546-552, 2004-08-25 (Released:2009-05-25)

参考文献数

32

著者

松浦 律子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.1, pp.1-7, 2012-09-28 (Released:2012-10-26)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

6

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There are several European historical materials on Tensho Earthquake, which occurred on Jan. 18, 1586 in the south-western part of Chubu district. The through research of those materials revealed that all the information of Tensho earthquake was originated from letters written by L. Frois in October 1586 at Shimonoseki Port, Yamaguchi Prefecture as the annual report of missionary in Japan. Since a letter was hand-copied, edited, and translated to Italian or Latin from Portuguese in the late 16th century, there derived some versions of descriptions on damage of the earthquake. The letter in the Portuguese version published in Evora, Portugal in 1589, and the remained copies of the manuscript of "Japanese History" by Frois are only two reliable sources. From those credible European materials, it is apparent that there was the common talk in Kyoto after Tensho earthquake of Tsunami damage along the northwestern coast of Japan. However, it is no more than a rumor.