著者

源城 かほり 松本 博 緒方 伸昭 中野 卓立

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会環境系論文集 (ISSN:13480685)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.743, pp.1-10, 2018 (Released:2018-01-30)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

4 11

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According to a survey by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, the number of mood disorders tends to increase year by year in Japan. Under such a background, from December 2015, it is obliged for employers to perform stress checks of workers once a year. In such a stress society, improvement of office environment is an urgent issue. As is well known, some foliage plants have effects of humidity control and VOC removal from indoor air, improvement of productivity and reducing workers' mental stress as well. In the past, a number of previous studies on indoor plants focusing on these effects have been seen, and most of them were implemented in simulated office spaces in the past. However, recently Iwasaki et al. and Matsumoto et al. have installed some plants in actual office spaces and the psychological effects of plants on office workers are beginning to be considered. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of indoor plants on physiological/psychological responses and productivity, and to demonstrate the mental healthcare for office workers. In order to clarify the effect of indoor plants, we conducted a demonstration experiment in an office. This experiment aims to clarify the effects of indoor plants arranged in workplaces on workers' mental health, such as physiological responses, psychological responses and productivity. The experiment was performed in two rooms (Office A, Office B) in an office on the eighth floor of a building located in Kyoto, Japan. Office A was a call center and Office B was a general office. Subjects were office workers working in one of the above two rooms. Twenty-two healthy people in Office A and 19 healthy people in Office B participated in the experiment. Participants were required to measure physiological responses and answer a Web questionnaire after work once or twice a week. Each office worker worked as usual during the experiment period. The experiment was performed from the end of March 2016 to the beginning of September 2016. In the experiment, nine cycles (one cycle is two weeks) were conducted while changing the type of plants. Plants were arranged in the same amount as possible with a green cover ratio of 10 %. A preliminary experiment without plants was conducted as a reference case. Survey items are divided into four items: indoor environment (temperature, humidity, CO2 concentration, illuminance, sound level), physiological responses (salivary amylase activity, critical flicker fusion frequency (CFF)), psychological responses (a questionnaire survey through the Web based on SAP and a questionnaire survey “Jikaku-sho shirabe” by which evaluated work-related fatigue feelings and fatigue symptom intensity), and productivity (simple task, calls per hour (CPH)). Indoor environment indices of this study ranged wider than those of the laboratory experiment. The result of evaluating the thermal comfort of each office using PMV showed that Office A was slightly warm, while Office B was neutral. The relaxation effects of plants on visual fatigue were found to be significant in CFF for female when arranging the plants with some petals. Mean score of fatigue symptom intensity showed that foliage plants have a significant effect to reduce the feelings of drowsiness. Effect of the improvement of the productivity using plants installation could not be confirmed in terms of simple task and CPH. Our results suggested that plants installation in office space has some mental healthcare effects, although this study had some limitations because of the demonstration experiment. Some experimental problems related with plants preparation restriction, plants order, a variation of some indoor environment indices, LED lamp lightings are to be solved in the future.

著者

小田 真隆

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.129, no.10, pp.1233-1238, 2009-10-01 (Released:2009-10-01)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 1

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Bacillus cereus is one that causes of opportunistic human infections. Sphingomyelinase produced by B. cereus is assumed a virulence factor for the infection. Sphingomyelinase from Bacillus cereus (Bc-SMase) is Mg2+-containing metalloenzyme. Bc-SMase is a family of neutral SMase (nSMase) and mimics the actions of the endogenous mammalian nSMase in causing differentiation, development, and apoptosis. Bc-SMase may be a good model for the poorly characterized mammalian nSMase. Activation of Bc-SMase by divalent metal ions was in the order Co2+>Mn2+>Mg2+≫Ca2+>Sr2+. Crystal structure analysis of Bc-SMase bound to Co2+, Mg2+, or Ca2+ revealed that the water-bridged double divalent metal ions at the center of the cleft in both the Co2+- and Mg2+-bound forms is the catalytic architecture required for sphingomyelinase activity. In contrast, the architecture of Ca2+ binding at the site showed only one binding site. A further single metal-binding site existed at one side edge of the cleft. Based on the highly conserved nature of amino acid residues of the binding sites, the crystal structure of Bc-SMase with Mg2+ or Co2+ provided a common structural framework applicable to phosphohydrolases belonging to the DNase I-like folding superfamily. In addition, our analysis provided evidence that β-hairpin containing the aromatic amino acid residues and the metal ion of the side-edge participate in binding to sphinogmyelin and membranes containing sphingomyelin. This article summarized current knowledge of characteristics and mode of action of Bc-SMase.

出版者

公益社団法人 日本水産学会

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.3, pp.293-294, 2021-05-15 (Released:2021-05-23)

著者

光安 皓 大口 敬 林 誠司 金成 修一

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集D3(土木計画学) (ISSN:21856540)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.5, pp.I_621-I_628, 2014 (Released:2015-05-18)

参考文献数

7

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自動車分野における省エネルギー方策の1つとして,エコドライブがよく知られている.これまでガソリン車の車両の運動とエネルギー消費量の関係については理論的および実証的検討がなされてきたが,近年普及が進みつつある電気自動車については,未だ十分な検討がされていない.その理由の1つとして,電気自動車特有の回生エネルギーを考慮した検討が十分になされていないことが挙げられる.本論文では,まず,実際に市販されている電気自動車のシャシダイナモ試験結果から,車両が任意の運動状態にあるときの駆動力およびエネルギー消費量を算出し,整理した.次に,都市部における様々な条件を想定したショートトリップに対して,エネルギー消費量の推計を行い,電気自動車のエコドライブ方法についての検討を行った.

著者

大黒 静治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.44-54, 1961 (Released:2010-07-16)

参考文献数

98

被引用文献数

1

著者

櫻井 剛 高須 晃

出版者

一般社団法人 日本地質学会

雑誌

地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.107, no.6, pp.XIII-XIV, 2001 (Released:2010-11-26)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1

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三波川帯は高圧型変成帯であるが藍晶石の産出は比較的まれであり, 四国中央部の高変成度部に分布するいくつかのテクトニック・ブロックから報告されているのみである(第1図). 今回, 四国中央部三波川変成帯の“いちのまつこ谷”上流の五良津東部岩体中から長径約16cmに達する藍晶石の巨晶が発見された(第2~5図). 五良津東部岩体は, 原岩が層状はんれい岩であり, グラニュライト相→高温のエクロジャイト相→藍閃石片岩相→低温のエクロジャイト相という変成履歴を経た後, 現位置にテクトニック・ブロックとしてもたらされ, 緑れん石角閃岩相の変成作用(三波川変成作用)を受けたと考えられている(Takasu, 1989). 藍晶石の巨晶は, 緑れん石角閃岩相の鉱物組合せよりなる岩石の片理面と斜交するすべり面上に形成されている. このことから, 藍晶石は五良津東部岩体が緑れん石角閃岩相の変成作用が進行していた三波川変成帯の現位置ヘテクトニック・ブロックとしてもたらされる前後の時期に形成されたといえる.

著者

Mariko Yoshida

出版者

Japanese Society of Cultural Anthropology

雑誌

Japanese Review of Cultural Anthropology (ISSN:24325112)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.457-491, 2020 (Released:2021-05-27)

参考文献数

56

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In the context of the climate crisis, seawater scaling reveals the precarity of the ocean. Yet scaling as a process of knowledge production in ocean science unavoidably allows us to overlook the representation of complicated local biophysical relationships by using universalized measurements. Based on observations I made with a team of marine physiologists who investigate the effects of ocean acidification on mollusks, this paper shows practices of knowledge production about ocean precarity in Japan. By describing human-nonhuman entanglements that emerge in ecological disturbances, I demonstrate relational contestation over the measurement of unevenly distributed biosocial vulnerabilities. The sometimes unexpected interactions of sessile organisms, measurement devices, and marine physiologists with mollusks show complex processes of encounter rather than stylized biophysical representations. Recognizing the material semiotics of ocean acidification, in which chemical compounds, biological organisms, hydrological and geomorphological parameters, and other "things" become entangled, allows us to go beyond scalable metrics to understand the Ocean as a precarious place.

著者

梶川 翔平

出版者

一般社団法人 日本塑性加工学会

雑誌

ぷらすとす (ISSN:24338826)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.41, pp.322-323, 2021 (Released:2021-05-25)

著者

勝山 美海 花田 恵介 河野 正志 市村 幸盛 竹林 崇

出版者

一般社団法人 日本作業療法士協会

雑誌

作業療法 (ISSN:02894920)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.6, pp.733-741, 2020-12-15 (Released:2020-12-15)

参考文献数

19

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要旨:右上肢麻痺を呈した亜急性期脳梗塞患者1例に対して,リストバンド型活動量計を用いた行動心理学的介入(Transfer Package)を行った.作業療法介入は,第17病日から1回2時間,週3回,計10回行った.また上肢活動量計測は1週ごとに実施し,対象者に示した.その結果,麻痺側上肢機能と日常生活における麻痺手の使用頻度は改善し,外来終了2ヵ月後にも維持された.上肢活動量の客観的計測は,対象者と作業療法士の双方が麻痺手の使用状況を客観的に振り返ることができ,Transfer Packageをより効率化できると思われた.今後はケースシリーズ研究や比較研究を行い,その有効性を確認する必要がある.

著者

Atsushi Akiike Tohru Yoshioka-Kobayashi Sotaro Katsumata

出版者

Global Business Research Center

雑誌

Annals of Business Administrative Science (ISSN:13474464)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0190908a, (Released:2019-10-26)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

2

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Eisenman (2013) argues that the importance of design innovation increases in the early and late stages of an industry and is lowest in the middle stage. In response, this study empirically examines her proposition through an examination of mobile phones during the feature phone era (1999–2008) when various types of designs were being generated using design patent data. We analyze the number of mobile phone design patents registered before the current advent of smart phones as well as examining the yearly averages of forward citations (the number of times a particular design patent is cited in later design patents) and backward citations (the number of times a particular design patent cites previous design patents). Further, to shed light on interactions with an accumulation of design-related technology, the study also analyzes the number of design-related patent applications per year. Results reveal that while there was an increase in the number of design patents registered in the late stage of the industry, especially between the years of 2007–2008, the average number of forward citations drops below the average number of backward citations from 2003 onward. In other words, although at the late stages of the industry many design innovations emerged, most of these were incremental changes that followed past designs. In contrast, design-related patent applications reached a peak in 2004 and fell thereafter. It is hypothesized that this trend was influenced by the growing number of design-related patents that facilitated the easy generation of new variations in design. These results show the dilemma: Although design innovations continue to be generated over time by accumulating design-related technology, creating genuinely impactful design innovation becomes more difficult as time progresses. The study therefore demonstrates the difficulty of realizing Eisenman (2013)’s theoretical proposition.

著者

角田 衣理加 大島 朋子 前田 伸子

出版者

日本歯科薬物療法学会

雑誌

歯科薬物療法 (ISSN:02881012)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.1-10, 2009-04-01 (Released:2009-12-22)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

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Aromatherapy has been widely used in Europe as a phytotherapy for promoting general health or as a beauty treatment, however, the effectiveness of aromatherapy in the field of dentistry has not yet been determined.The purposes of this study were to estimate the anti-microbiological and anti-biofilm forming effects of essential oils against mutans streptococci, periodontal pathogens and oral indigenous true fungi. Seven essential oils, a blended essential oil with tea tree, peppermint, and lemon oils (TPL oils) which is known as a recommended blend for preventing halitosis, and one of the TPL oils replaced by another essential oil were used in this study. All tested essential oils showed anti-microbiological, anti-biofilm forming effects against the tested microorganisms. Specifically, lemongrass and peppermint oils had strong anti-microbiological effects. In addition, the anti-halitosis effect of a mouthwash containing 0.3% TPL oils was examined in ten periodontal patients. Volatile sulfur compounds, including hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan, which are the main malodorous substances, tended to decrease after gargling with a mouthwash containing 0.3% TPL oils.The results of this study showed that essential oils indeed play a role in the treatment and prevention of oral diseases, especially periodontitis, candidiasis and halitosis, thereby suggesting the effectiveness of such essential oils.

著者

出村 雅彦

出版者

一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会

雑誌

情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.6, pp.252-257, 2021-06-01 (Released:2021-06-01)

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材料分野においてもデータ駆動研究への期待が大きい。本稿では,データ駆動材料開発の最近の取り組みを概説する。材料データは必ずしも豊富にあるわけではないものの,データ駆動による材料・プロセスの探索は,金属,高分子,無機化合物等々へ広がり,自動実験・計測との連携も始まっている。メカニズムの探究など高度な活用や独自のツール開発も進んできている。基盤となる材料データプラットフォームについては,今後,全国的な展開が期待される。

著者

黒沢 俊典

出版者

一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会

雑誌

情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.6, pp.278, 2021-06-01 (Released:2021-06-01)

著者

岡野 憲一郎

出版者

心理学評論刊行会

雑誌

心理学評論 (ISSN:03861058)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.51, no.1, pp.120-133, 2008 (Released:2019-04-12)

著者

光武 誠吾 柴田 愛 石井 香織 岡崎 勘造 岡 浩一朗

出版者

日本公衆衛生学会

雑誌

日本公衆衛生雑誌 (ISSN:05461766)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.5, pp.361-371, 2011 (Released:2014-06-06)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

3

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目的 インターネット上の健康情報を有効に活用するためには,適切に健康情報を検索し,評価し,活用していく能力(e ヘルスリテラシー)が必要であるが,我が国では e ヘルスリテラシーを測る尺度すらないのが現状である。本研究では,欧米で開発された eHealth Literacy Scale (eHEALS)の日本語版を作成し,その妥当性と信頼性を検討するとともに,e ヘルスリテラシーと社会人口統計学的特性およびインターネット上の健康情報に対する利用状況との関連を検討した。方法 社会調査会社にモニター登録している3,000人(男性:50.0%,年齢:39.6±10.9歳)にインターネット調査を実施した。eHEALS 日本語版 8 項目,社会人口統計学的特性 6 項目,インターネット上での健康情報に関する変数 2 項目を調査した。探索的因子分析による項目選定後,構成概念妥当性は,確証的因子分析による適合度の確認,基準関連妥当性は,相互作用的•批判的ヘルスリテラシー尺度との相関により検討した。また,内部一貫性(クロンバックの α 係数)および再検査による尺度得点の相関により信頼性を検証した。さらに eHEALS 得点と社会人口統計学的およびインターネット上での健康情報に関する変数との関連の検討には,t 検定,一元配置分散分析,χ2 検定を用いた。結果 eHEALS 日本語版は 1 因子構造であり,確証的因子分析では一部修正したモデルで GFI=.988, CFI=.993, RMSEA=.056と良好な適合値が得られた。また,eHEALS 日本語版得点は,相互作用的•批判的ヘルスリテラシー尺度得点と正の相関を示した(r=.54, P<.01)。信頼性については,クロンバックの α 係数は.93であり,再調査による尺度得点の相関係数は r=.63 (P<.01)であった。eHEALS 日本語版得点は男性より女性,20代よりも40, 50代,低収入世帯よりも高収入世帯,インターネットでの情報検索頻度が少ない者より多い者で有意に高かった。また,eHEALS 日本語版得点の高い者は,健康情報を得るために多くの情報源を利用しており,その中でも特にインターネットを活用し,インターネットから取得している健康情報の内容も多様であった。結論 eHEALS 日本語版は我が国における成人の e ヘルスリテラシーを評価するために十分な信頼性と妥当性を有する尺度であることが確認された。今後も増加するインターネット上の健康情報を個人が適切に活用するためには e ヘルスリテラシーが重要であることが示唆された。

著者

熊谷 明

出版者

公益社団法人 日本水産学会

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.4, pp.645-649, 2005 (Released:2005-08-24)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

村井 俊哉

出版者

日本生物学的精神医学会

雑誌

日本生物学的精神医学会誌 (ISSN:21866619)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.1, pp.1, 2021 (Released:2021-03-25)

著者

清水 孝治

出版者

一般社団法人 人文地理学会

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.2, pp.166-180, 2006 (Released:2018-01-06)

参考文献数

51

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The purpose of this paper is to address the socio-economic characteristics of the main promoters and stockholders of the Tono Railway, which was initiated and constructed by local residents and opened in 1918-1920 in Kani County. In order to approach this aim, the author takes particular note of the relationship between the construction of the private railway and the development of local industries, which were essential to its economic base and that of the main promoters and stockholders involved. Previous research has focused attention only on the characteristics of the main stockholders themselves in a private railway, but not on any investigation of the local economy that initiated the construction of the railway.The period of the opening of the Tono Railway was during ‘the light railway construction boom (1910-1926)’. Many private railways constructed during the same period had one thing in common: they did not necessarily depend on a particular industry for fund-raising. However, the financial condition of the Tono Railway was better and possessed an important difference compared with similar private railways.The basic stance of fund-raising activities was to collect local investment, because promoters for the construction of the Tono Railway did not want external investors to become involved in the plan and business of the Railway. Following this strategy, necessary funds were raised relatively easily. Above all, residents in the northern five municipalities where a railway track was laid and had an economic impact, invested actively. Residents of municipalities where a rail track was not laid, however, refused to invest. As a result, local investment dipped somewhat below that which was initially planned.What promoted the construction of the Tono Railway and contributed to fund-raising were mainly local representative wealth holders, landowners (Jinushi), wealthy farmers (Gono) and merchants (Gosho). It was vital for them to make a success of the construction of the Tono Railway at all costs in order to maintain their economic position. This was achieved by locating at key junctions of the traditional road and river transportation in the area, and also by developing new local industries.The period of the construction of the Tono Railway coincided with industrialization in Kani County. In this area, the silk-spinning industry had developed as a biggest manufacturing sector since the mid-Meiji Era. The development encouraged the rise of related local banking and trade. The main promoters and stockholders of the Tono Railway also had an important role in the development of these local industries. They tried to expand into various new industrial sectors and businesses, which were entirely different from their family businesses, and became new leading entrepreneurs.Therefore, the important factors of the construction of the Tono Railway are that it was worked out at the boom in the development of new local industries in the area. The main promoters and stockholders of the Tono Railway, many local wealth holders, actively took part in the new industries, and became the new industrialists with the development of the Railway.

著者

中野 栄二

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会誌 (ISSN:24242675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.766, pp.1078-1082, 1982-09-05 (Released:2017-06-21)

著者

永井 由太郎

出版者

一般社団法人 表面技術協会

雑誌

金属表面技術 (ISSN:00260614)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.11, no.10, pp.478-480, 1960-10-20 (Released:2009-10-30)

参考文献数

6