著者

松延 和彦 石川 忠晴 安藤 誠

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集B1(水工学) (ISSN:2185467X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.71, no.4, pp.I_559-I_564, 2015 (Released:2016-01-29)

参考文献数

13

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This paper presents one dimensional model to estimate the evolution process of river meandering. The model is composed of a part to calculate the channel bed deformation under the action of helicoidal flow due to secondary circulation and a part to calculate the channel axis deformation. The former part was verified with the result of existing flume experiment. In the latter part, the rate of channel shifting was assumed to be proportional to the velocity deviation at the side banks from the average value following to some existing studies. The calculation was compared for meandering length with image data of natural rivers which were collected from the Google Earth. The both results showed that the meandering length is proportional to the channel width in average, but the proportional constant obtained from the calculation was about double of that obtained from the observation.

著者

藤野 成美 脇﨑 裕子 岡村 仁

出版者

一般社団法人 日本看護研究学会

雑誌

日本看護研究学会雑誌 (ISSN:21883599)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.2, pp.2_87-2_95, 2007-06-01 (Released:2016-03-31)

参考文献数

40

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本研究の目的は,精神科における長期入院患者の苦悩の訴えの構造を明らかにし,その概念分析を行うことである。対象は,精神病院に5年以上入院中であり,本研究に同意の得られた男性26名,女性8名である。参加観察及び半構成的面接を行い質的記述的研究を行った。その結果,精神科における長期入院患者が経験する苦悩として,【孤独感への脅威】【精神疾患を抱えて生活する苦悩】【社会適応能力の低下から生じる生活の困難性】【実存性が脅かされることへの不安】【自己受容性の低下に伴う苦悩】が抽出された。苦悩とは生きる過程におけるその人の信念や価値態度,患者の認知的な要素と深く関連している。そのため,患者の苦悩を評価することは,患者のQOL向上の一端を担う重要な精神的ケアであることが示唆された。

著者

中西 襄

出版者

素粒子論グループ 素粒子論研究 編集部

雑誌

素粒子論研究 (ISSN:03711838)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, no.4, pp.D72-D77, 1990-01-20 (Released:2017-10-02)

著者

Hajime Murai

出版者

Japanese Association for Digital Humanities

雑誌

Journal of the Japanese Association for Digital Humanities (ISSN:21887276)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.1, pp.49-72, 2018-10-21 (Released:2018-10-22)

参考文献数

22

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Although the literary structures employed in the Bible (chiasmus, concentric structures, and parallelism) are important for its interpretation, the ambiguity of these structures renders them problematic. In this paper, in order to establish an objective framework of evaluation for these structures, a quantitative analysis method is proposed. The target hypothesis of literary structures is the Parallel Literary Structure hypothesis about the hierarchical literary structure of the Bible. This hypothesis proposes that the literary structures in all books of the Bible have a parallel common system. Specifically, the validity of text divisions was evaluated based on divisions rendered in a number of extant Bible translations. Then, corresponding pericope pairs (a pericope is a small story unit in the Bible) that include various “common rare” words and phrases were counted, and the number of valid pairs was compared with the number of randomly constructed structures. From this analysis, statistical significances were extracted and the result strongly supports the hypothesis quantitatively.

著者

平原 優美

出版者

日本赤十字看護学会

雑誌

日本赤十字看護学会誌 (ISSN:13461346)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, no.1, pp.157-158, 2020-03-31 (Released:2020-03-31)

参考文献数

9

著者

粟生 修司

出版者

一般社団法人 日本生体医工学会

雑誌

BME (ISSN:09137556)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.11, pp.21-28, 2000-11-10 (Released:2011-09-21)

参考文献数

18

著者

安武 敦子 大月 敏雄 深見 かほり

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.82, no.736, pp.1467-1474, 2017 (Released:2017-06-30)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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The present study focuses on “Nagayamon” gates, one format of constituent buildings in a rural estate, with the aim of clarifying their origins and inheritance processes to date. Nagayamon gates remain in large numbers in rural parts of the Kanto region, but the gates, as items of cultural property, have been regarded as appendages to main houses, and therefore, no statistical data and few records are available on them. Our study shows that Nagayamon gates in rural areas first emerged in the first half of the 18th century, with village heads and other well-off farmers building them under the reign of feudal lords. The abundance of Nagayamon gates in central Ibaraki Prefecture can be attributed to factors of the ruling structure, whereby frequent relocations of lords toward the end of the feudal age split up their domains and increased the number of “aikyu” villages that were divided between different lords. Our case study shows about 40 percent of Nagayamon gates were built during the feudal age, with many of them located in aikyu and other villages where more than one ruler reigned, as well as in smaller feudal domains. Historical documents and oral tradition indicate that rulers used Nagayamon as a means of domain administration, such as by issuing Nagayamon construction permits in exchange for cash or labor, and by allowing farmers with reserves to build Nagayamon at times of famine in exchange for their release of grain from their reserves. More than half of all Nagayamon gates were built in the Meiji Era or later. They adopted a symbolic quality that had originated in the Edo Period, and they were popular among well-off and non-collateral families, or families of about the same social standing as those that had built Nagayamon during the Edo Period. The fact that they were introduced as symbolic objects is demonstrated by the less practical choice of their distances from the main house, orientations, building materials and other attributes than in a reference village on an island; their layouts that take account of the street-facing side of the estate; and the different wall finishes used on the front and back faces. Use of Nagayamon has been centered on accommodating retired members of the family well into the postwar period, but it has also complemented community demands by drawing on their spatial separation from the main houses, such as by allowing third parties to occupy them or providing venues for public activity. But disuse rose sharply and has hovered around 40 percent since around 1980, with their owners leaving the farming business, their children moving out, and new houses being built to accommodate retired family members. Conversion of functions to use Nagayamon gates as galleries, shops or other establishments by drawing on their characteristic locations has so far been rare. While new Nagayamon gates have seldom been built in recent years, existing ones have been renewed or maintained by total replacement, partial rebuilding or repairs. Interviews with their owners indicated they are highly motivated to pass on the items of heritage. Despite changes in roof materials and extensions, Nagayamon gates still observe a certain format, so they are recognized as a constituent element of community landscape, and their continued inheritance is desired by third parties as well.

出版者

Japan Association for Human Seciturity Studies

雑誌

Journal of Human Security Studies (ISSN:24321427)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, no.2, pp.123-141, 2020 (Released:2020-08-29)

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This research essay focuses on Myanmar refugees in Thailand, and explores the reality and dilemmas of voluntary repatriation of the refugees under the recovering situation of regional security, from the perspective of human security. Contrary to the expectation upon the refugee repatriation due to some ceasefire brought by the stakeholders of the armed conflict in Southeast Myanmar as well as ongoing democratization in Myanmar politics, the voluntary repatriation has been occurring only limitedly. This research has found the refugees in fact have different backgrounds, particularly between the ones fled from the uplands and the ones from the lowlands, and also the refugees of different background have different type of concerns and dilemmas upon voluntary repatriation. The upland areas still have problems with regard to both regional and human security, so that the refugees from the area still see the repatriation as almost impossible. On the other hand, even though the situation in the lowlands is much safer and more stable, the refugees from the area cannot have good prospects of their livelihood after the repatriation due to the lack of employment opportunity and adequate support in the homeland. In addition, there are now some newly developed settlement sites in Myanmar side for the displaced who cannot find a place to return. This however meets only the limited needs of the refugees. The essay finally discusses the relevancy of the repatriation in the current conditions and also the effectiveness of sustainable security communities for facilitating sustainable repatriation as well as recovering human security. Keywords: Refugees, Voluntary Repatriation, Durable Solutions, Human Security, Southeast Myanmar.

著者

Akira MATSUDA Ikki MITSUI Yuki SHIMIZU Teppei KANDA Akihiro OHNISHI Masahiro MIYABE Yoshiki ITOH

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-0179, (Released:2020-09-11)

被引用文献数

1

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Little is known about the pathological roles of sebaceous glands in canine skin diseases, as most examinations have been conducted with cultured human sebaceous epithelial cell lines. To our knowledge, there is no available canine sebaceous epithelial cell line. The purpose of this study was to establish a canine sebaceous epithelial cell line and characterize it. An eyelid mass in a dog was surgically resected for treatment, and it was histologically diagnosed as sebaceous epithelioma. Collected tissue was conducted for culture, and the growing epithelial-like cells were passaged. The cells showed continuous proliferation for over 6 months. After 40 passages, the cells were named CMG-1. Lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of CMG-1 cells were confirmed by Oil Red O staining. As reported in studies with human sebaceous epithelial cell lines, lipogenesis in CMG-1 cells was promoted by linoleic acid, whereas TGF-β suppressed it. Additionally, real-time PCR revealed that the expression levels of chemokines and cytokines, including CCL-2, CCL-20, CXCL-10, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-8, were significantly increased in CMG-1 cells following treatment with lipopolysaccharide. In conclusion, we successfully established a new canine sebaceous epithelial cell line. Our data indicated that lipogenesis and inflammatory responses were quantitatively evaluable in this cell line. CMG-1 cells could be useful for the pathological analysis of sebaceous gland diseases in dogs.

著者

青山 隆彦 小山 修司 川浦 稚代 杉本 成人 藤井 啓輔 瀬口 繁信 川崎 稔生

出版者

日本保健物理学会

雑誌

保健物理 (ISSN:03676110)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.270-281, 2012 (Released:2013-12-17)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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Data are presented on radiation doses to infant, child and adult patients undergoing head, chest and abdominal CT examinations with recent multi-detector row CT scanners (MDCT). Also presented are dose data in CT coronary angiography(CTCA) observed with Toshiba 320MDCT and Siemens 64MDCT. The doses were measured using newborn, 6-year-child and adult anthropomorphic phantoms, in which photodiode dosimeters were implanted at various tissue and organ positions. Measured doses were used to evaluate organ and effective doses. Organ doses in the scan region obtained in head CT were 20-40 mGy for infants and children, and 40-70 mGy for adults. Effective doses in head CT were 2.1-3.3 mSv for infants,and 1.0-2.0 mSv for children and adults. These doses in chest CT were 3-9 mGy and 2-6 mSv for infants, 2-12 mGy and 1-7 mSv for children, and 5-35 mGy and 7-14 mSv for adults. In abdominal CT they were 3-14 mGy and 2-10 mSv for infants, 4-18 mGy and 3-12 mSv for children, and 10-48 mGy and 9-21 mSv for adults. In CTCA radiation doses for helicalscan without using dose modulation were reduced to less than 1/6 and 1/10 by using prospectively gated axial scan of Toshiba320MDCT and “Flash Spiral” scan of Siemens 64MDCT, respectively.

著者

羽田 貴史 金井 徹

出版者

日本教育行政学会

雑誌

日本教育行政学会年報 (ISSN:09198393)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, pp.158-175, 2010-10-01 (Released:2018-01-09)

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The purpose of this paper is to consider the big picture of the presidential appointment system of national universities after World War II and to explore what kinds of presidents were selected under the system. The system of president appointment prevailed in all imperial universities since the system was established in the wake of the Tomizu and Sawayanagi incidents, although legislation to this effect was not fulfilled. This system restricted the constituency of candidates to professors with methods of election : 1) Candidates narrowed down by preliminary committee in advance and 2) A president elected through several elections without a prior selection of candidates. The election system remained with an expansion in the constituency even after the postwar national university system was inaugurated in 1953 which included provision for electing a president independently. In the presidential selection at that time there were only four presidents who were elected at their old universities. The internal promotion system of a president was not a common pattern given the circumstances of antagonism among faculties and the shortage of candidates eligible for president. In addition, "the principal as the professional" that was the personnel transfer route of the Ministry of Education was dismantled because of the system entitling national universities to hold an independent election for presidents. Recommendations of the Central Council for Education (1963) and University Council (1995) pointed out that nearly all presidents actually had little in the way of management skills and that elections tended to become sensational and be favorable for large-scale faculties. The election system, however, has remained in national universities even after these recommendations. The presidents of national universities selected under the postwar election system have had the following characteristics : 1) Almost all national university presidents were selected in their early 60s as they came up to forced retirement as professors of a national university, 2) The number of presidents who graduated from imperial universities or former imperial universities has decreased, and the number of inbred candidates for national universities for presidents has increased, 3) Presidents being given internal promotion have become the majority, and 4) Almost all of these presidents in the postwar period were from the faculties of medicine, technology, science, education, agriculture, or economics. The presidents of national universities have been transformed from being seen as the "president as a symbol of the university" who was a graduate of other imperial universities, which was found at the beginning of the postwar period, to the "president as a symbol of collegiality" selected from his university and well-informed about that particular university. This tendency has remained after national universities were incorporated.

著者

鈴木 真美子 酒井 博子 福田 吉治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

産業衛生学雑誌 (ISSN:13410725)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.6, pp.247-255, 2019-11-20 (Released:2019-11-25)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

1

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目的:医療機関の受診が必要であるにも関わらず,健診結果に基づく再検査,精密検査等を受けていない現状がある.そこで,本研究は,健診結果に基づく事業場労働者の医療機関受診につながる要因を明らかにし,受診率向上に必要な産業保健活動を検討することを目的とした.方法:東京都と埼玉県の1,000人規模以上の企業で働く労働者20才以上の男女を対象に横断的質問紙調査を実施した.これまでの定期健康診断で再検査,要精密検査,要治療の判定を受けたことがあると答えた453名(男性389名,女性64名)を対象とした.医療機関の受診の有無で2群に区分し,受診に関連する要因についてロジスティック回帰分析モデルを用いて検証した.結果:勤務年数10年以上に対して,勤務年数5年未満の医療機関受診に対するオッズ比は2.9(95%CI: 1.6-5.2)であった.同じく有意な関連が認められたものは,相談者がいることで,オッズ比は2.4(95%CI: 1.4–4.3),定期的受診経験があることで,オッズ比は1.8(95%CI: 1.2–2.7)であった.年齢,性別,雇用形態,1年間の残業,健康感,職場制度の利用,具体的相談者は有意な差を認めなかった.結論:本研究集団における健診結果に基づく医療機関受診につながる要因は,健康上の相談をできる人がいることや定期的受診経験があることであった.また,勤務年数5年未満の人ほど要受診判定を受けた場合,その結果に従い受診する傾向が明らかとなった.確実な受診に結びつけるためには,専門家による相談体制づくりを進めることや勤務年数の各層に応じた働きかけが必要である.

著者

林 直樹

出版者

農村計画学会

雑誌

農村計画学会誌 (ISSN:09129731)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.4, pp.418-421, 2011-03-30 (Released:2012-03-20)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

2 2

著者

高橋 彌

出版者

Japan Society of Civil Engineers

雑誌

日本土木史研究発表会論文集 (ISSN:09134107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, pp.115-121, 1989-06-20 (Released:2010-06-15)

参考文献数

10

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富士川は日本3大急流に数えられる暴れ川である。しかも上流水源地はフォッサマグナに添い、花崗岩の風化帯・火山噴出物等非常にもろいため石礫の流下が極めて多い。そのため上・下流ともしばしば激しい災害を受けてきた。富士川下流の流路は、かつて現河道より東寄り田子ノ浦港方向に向かい、多くの派川を持って駿河湾に流入し、洪水と流送土砂によって沿川には広大な扇状地が形成されていた。雁堤は1621 (元和7) 年より1674 (延宝2) 年まで古郡氏3代の手によって、その扇頂部に築造された逆L型の平面形状をした特殊河川堤防で、東流する富士川の流れを締め切り現流路に固定したものである。これによって生じた富士川左岸の加島地域には5,000石と言われる開田開発が行なわれ、斬しい多くの村々が誕生した。また、洪水のたびに変わっていた流れが雁堤によって固定され、それまで安定性を欠いていた「東海道富士川の渡し」も、幹線交通の拠点として幕府体制を支える役割が期待されるようになった。更に、1612 (慶長12) 年、角倉了以によって開削され内陸との間に始まっていた舟運による交易も、船溜りや流路の安定とともに盛んになり、幕府の財政を支えると同時に地域の経済に大きな発展をもたらすようになった。しかし、左岸の堤防が強化されると富士川の急流は、従来と変わって下流に災害を与えるようになり、以来、下流及び右岸の蒲原側がしばしば洪水被害を受けるようになった。完成以来300年余を経て雁堤は現在もその効用を発揮しており、加島一帯は工業都市富士市へと発展している。雁堤は、従来、特異な形状と治水面の効果のみが評価されていたが、このように地域発展と社会経済に果たした役割と、歴史的意義は大きい事が認められた。

著者

田中 伸久 小林 貞 田中 英文 佐々 学 萱原 伊智郎 山口 安宣 林 治稔 小澤 邦寿

出版者

日本ペストロジー学会

雑誌

ペストロジー学会誌 (ISSN:09167382)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.1-5, 2004-04-30 (Released:2019-07-11)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

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群馬県内において,ユスリカ幼虫が上水道給水栓から発見される苦情事例が発生した.ユスリカは,ヨシムラツヤユスリカおよびハモンユスリカ属の幼虫であり,これらは浄水場内でも確認されたことから,浄水場内のユスリカ幼虫が給水栓に達したものと推測された.また,前塩素濃度を上げる,凝集剤 (PAC) を多めに入れる,濾過機の逆洗回数を増やす,清掃を行うなどの積極的かつ厳重な管理によって,このような事例は防ぎうることが示唆された.

著者

片山 泰久

出版者

素粒子論グループ 素粒子論研究 編集部

雑誌

素粒子論研究 (ISSN:03711838)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.3, pp.234-247, 1964-05-20 (Released:2017-10-02)

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非局所場の内部変数を用いて対称性を導こうとする試みを検討する。内部変数をspurion形式で展開し、アイソ・スピンとhyperchargeを導入する。この系に特定の性質を課することによつて、アイソ・スピンとhyper-chargeの一定の組合せが得られる。

著者

雨宮 登三 八田 力二郎 坂本 四郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本エネルギー学会

雑誌

燃料協会誌 (ISSN:03693775)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.5-6, pp.121-125, 1950-06-28 (Released:2010-06-28)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1

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松根油その他テレビン油の主成分であるα-ピネンの化學的利用法に就て綜説し, 特に醫藥及び香料原料としての抱水テルビン並にα-テルビネオール, 或は殺蟲剤としての高次酸素誘導體のビネンよりの誘導に就て著者等が研究した結果の大要を報告した。抱水テルビンの合成に關しては, 古くから提案されている硫酸法を詳細に検討し, 從來よりも一層好適な反應條件を見出したが, なお助觸媒の添加によつて收率を15~20%増加させ得ることを認めた。次に, 殺蟲剤合成の目的でα-ビネン及びその中間體 (鹽化ボルニル, p-サイメン等) の直接鹽素化 (時には更にニトロ化) をを行つたが, それ等の生成物は何れもBHC, DDTに匹敵する殺蟲効果を示した。なお該生成物中から數種の有効成分を分離, 確認した。

著者

Rieko Mukai Osamu Handa Yosuke Suyama Atsushi Majima Yuji Naito

出版者

SOCIETY FOR FREE RADICAL RESEARCH JAPAN

雑誌

Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition (ISSN:09120009)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.1, pp.102-104, 2020 (Released:2020-07-01)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1 12

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The eradication rate of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) with proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin has reportedly decreased. Some studies have found probiotics to be useful in eradicating H. pylori, but these effects have not been sufficiently investigated. We aimed to elucidate the role of probiotics in eradicating H. pylori infection. Patients in our hospital with H. pylori infection that received standard treatment from January 2015 to December 2016 were retrospectively evaluated (n = 468). They were divided into three groups based on their treatment regime, being either proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin (PPI group), vonoprazan, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin (VPZ group), and proton pump inhibitors, amoxicillin, or clarithromycin/probiotics (Miya-BM®) (PPI + MBM group). We retrospectively evaluated the H. pylori eradication rate and reported side effects. According to intention-to-treat analyses, the eradication rate of H. pylori was significantly higher in the PPI + MBM group (87.1%) than in the PPI group (70.1%). There was no difference in side effects between any of the three groups. In conclusion, Miya-BM® may have an additive effect when included with eradication therapies for H. pylori.

著者

佐藤 有耕

出版者

日本青年心理学会

雑誌

青年心理学研究 (ISSN:09153349)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.10, pp.81-84, 1998-10-18 (Released:2017-05-15)

著者

León Ruiz-Herrera María G Hernández-Equihua Daniel Boone-Villa Gema C. Manuel Jacobo Asdrubal Aguilera-Méndez

出版者

Japanese Society for Root Research

雑誌

Plant Root (ISSN:18816754)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.13, pp.29-40, 2019 (Released:2020-02-14)

参考文献数

51

被引用文献数

2

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Biotin is a member of the vitamin B-complex family that acts as a cofactor of carboxylases and is essential in the metabolism of all organisms. In addition to its essential metabolic functions, biotin has been suggested to play a critical role in regulating gene expression in plants and animals. However, all studies in plants have been conducted under biotin deficiency. Therefore, we hypothesized that exogenously supplied biotin also exerts non-enzymological functions similar to those reported in animals, regulating root growth and development in Arabidopsis thaliana. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the effects of the biotin supply on seedlings and analyzed the root architecture. Biotin supplementation inhibited root elongation and promoted lateral root formation in a concentration-dependent manner. Inhibited primary root elongation was correlated with decreased expression of the cell cycle genes CycB1;1:uidA and cell expansion gene pAtExp7::uidA, and depended on the concentration of biotin. Viability tests with AtHisH2B:YFP showed that the meristem was depleted. However, biotin supplementation did not affect the concentration of chlorophyll but had a slight inhibitory effect on foliage growth and increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at the apex of primary roots. Our study provides the first evidence of functions of biotin supplementation in plants in addition to its catalytic role as an enzyme cofactor, likely advancing our understanding of the biological functions of biotin.