著者

東 秀忠

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 グローバルビジネスリサーチセンター

雑誌

赤門マネジメント・レビュー (ISSN:13485504)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.9, no.2, pp.115-132, 2010-02-25 (Released:2018-02-25)

参考文献数

5

著者

岡本 光弘 原田 信広 園部 治之

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.9, pp.612-618, 1998-09-25 (Released:2009-05-25)

参考文献数

5

著者

福島 哲郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬理学会

雑誌

日本薬理学雑誌 (ISSN:00155691)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.136, no.1, pp.11-14, 2010 (Released:2010-07-09)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2

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要約:アルツハイマー病(AD)は進行性の神経変性疾患であり,アミロイドβ(Aβ)やタウの凝集・蓄積に起因する神経変性が病態に関与すると考えられている.T-817MAは,神経栄養因子様作用を有する低分子化合物であり,ADの進行抑制と症状改善を目指す治療薬として,現在北米で臨床試験が進められている.T-817MAは,培養ラット神経細胞において神経突起伸展を促進し,Aβが誘発する神経細胞死を抑制した.また,AD病態モデルとして知られているラット脳室内Aβ持続注入モデルにおいて,Aβ持続注入4週目にみられる認知機能の低下に対してT-817MAは抑制作用を示した.さらに,Aβ持続注入8週間後からT-817MAの投与を開始した場合でも低下した認知機能を回復させた.一方,病理学的観察においてもT-817MAはAβ持続注入による海馬歯状回領域の神経細胞変性を抑制し,神経新生の減少を回復させることが確認された.これらの結果により,T-817MAは神経保護効果に加え,神経ネットワークを再構築することにより症状を改善する効果を有すると示唆された.また,ヒト変異タウ(P301L)トランスジェニックマウスにおける海馬歯状回領域のシナプトフィジンの低下を抑制し,認知機能の低下を改善するなど,T-817MAの神経保護効果の作用メカニズムは,軸索変性に対する抑制作用が関与していることが示唆されている.以上より,T-817MAはADの進行を抑制し,認知機能を回復させる治療薬として期待される.

著者

下橋 淳子 寺田 和子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本調理科学会

雑誌

調理科学 (ISSN:09105360)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.3, pp.225-229, 1993-08-10 (Released:2013-04-26)

参考文献数

5

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The effects of metallic salts and the hardness of water on the color of black tea infusion were examined.Water with the hardness of 70°-80° of calcium and the concentration of about 30 ppm of calcium ion produced the strongest redness. The addition of calcium ionmore than 60 ppm to the water caused the cream down.Water with the hardness of magnesium more than 400°and the concentration of magnesium ion more than 97 ppm had an effect on the color of black tea infusion.It is clarified that magnesium dose not practically affect the color of black tea infusion and from the sensory test, various factors such as the balance of redness and yellowness, value, chroma and transparency interact in the color of black tea infusion.The soft water with the hardness lower than 75° and the concentration of calcium ion less than 25ppm, is preferable for producing the beautiful color of black tea infusion.

著者

Yasuhiro Ito Akira Miyauchi Mitsuyoshi Hirokawa Masatoshi Yamamoto Hitomi Oda Hiroo Masuoka Hisanori Sasai Mitsuhiro Fukushima Takuya Higashiyama Minoru Kihara Akihiro Miya

出版者

The Japan Endocrine Society

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.EJ17-0524, (Released:2018-04-04)

被引用文献数

9

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Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), a form of differentiated thyroid carcinoma, is the second most common malignancy arising from thyroid follicular cells. Recently, the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) classification for differentiated thyroid carcinoma was revised from the 7th to the 8th edition. The diagnostic criteria for poorly differentiated carcinoma (PDC) were also updated in the latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification. In this study, we investigated whether these changes are appropriate for accurately predicting prognosis. Three hundred and twenty-nine patients diagnosed with postoperative pathologically confirmed FTC, who underwent initial surgery at our hospital between 1984 and 2004, were enrolled. For this study, patients were re-evaluated and diagnosed with FTC (N = 285) or PDC (N = 44) without typical nuclear findings of papillary thyroid carcinoma. For FTC, the 8th TNM classification was a more accurate predictor of prognosis than the 7th TNM classification. In the 8th TNM classification, cause-specific survival became significantly poorer from Stage I to IVB. The cause-specific survival of PDC based on the latest WHO classification was worse than, but did not significantly differ from, that of PDC based only on the former WHO classification. For PDC, neither of the TNM classifications could accurately predict prognosis. Taken together, we conclude that (1) the 8th TNM classification more accurately reflects the prognosis of FTC than the 7th TNM classification; (2) PDC based on the former WHO classification should be retained, at least in Japan; and (3) the TNM classification may not be suitable for predicting the prognosis of PDC.

著者

長谷川 晃 伊藤 義徳 矢澤 美香子 根建 金男

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.68-71, 2010-08-31 (Released:2010-08-18)

参考文献数

7

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The present study was conducted to revise the Japanese version of the Depressive States Checklist (JDSC), and to evaluate the construct validity of the revised version. Undergraduate students participated in two questionnaire studies. In Study 1, items with sufficient face validity and factorial validity representing the self-devaluative view and affective components were selected for the revised version of the J-DSC (JDSC-R). In Study 2, each factor of the J-DSC-R showed adequate construct validity because the correlation coefficients among the factors of the J-DSC-R, depressive symptoms, and depressive rumination generally supported the hypothesis. The J-DSC-R can be used to contribute to the understanding of vulnerability to depression.

著者

窪 徳忠

出版者

日本文化人類学会

雑誌

民族學研究 (ISSN:24240508)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, no.3, pp.233-234, 1970-12-31 (Released:2018-03-27)

著者

河本 愛子

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.27.1.3, (Released:2018-04-05)

参考文献数

14

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Group socialization theory is the theory focusing on effect of peers on personality development. The theory asserts that the processes of assimilation and differentiation within peer groups have a crucial effect on personality development. However, the degree to which personality development is affected by such assimilation and differentiation is neglected, since many existing researches manipulate assimilation and differentiation through experimental methods. In order to test the impact of peers on personality development, a scale was developed to assess within-group assimilation and differentiation in the context of extracurricular activities. Analyses partially supported the reliability and validity of the scale.

著者

青山 敏信 樋口 駿 堀岡 正義

出版者

一般社団法人 日本医療薬学会

雑誌

病院薬学 (ISSN:03899098)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.2, pp.74-82, 1978 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

10

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Fourteen lots of tablets, capsules and granules of commercial lysozyme chloride preparations, manufactured by six differerent companies, were evaluated for their pharmaceutical qualities. Significant difference of in vitro dissolution rate was noted between these products, when tested with 1st and 2nd fluids in the disintegration test of J. P. IX as dissolution media in the rotation method of U. S. P. XIX. The dissolution rate may have relationship with clinical effect of the products. By disc electrophoresis, impure protein was found to be contained in the preparations of all but one manufacturer. New quantitative analytical method by means of the area of bacteriolysis on gel-plate was developed in this study. The new method proved to produce results same as those obtained by the conventional method on the basis of the change in turbidity depending on bacteriolysis.

著者

長沼 秀明

出版者

日本笑い学会

雑誌

笑い学研究 (ISSN:21894132)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, pp.13-18, 2000-07-22 (Released:2017-07-21)

著者

Fuminari Miura Ryota Matsuyama Hiroshi Nishiura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20170040, (Released:2018-03-31)

参考文献数

34

被引用文献数

36

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Background: Foodborne norovirus outbreak data in Japan from 2005–2006, involving virological surveillance of all symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals, were reanalyzed to estimate the asymptomatic ratio of norovirus infection along with the risk of infection and the probability of virus shedding.Methods: Employing a statistical model that is considered to capture the data-generating process of the outbreak and virus surveillance, maximum likelihood estimation of the asymptomatic ratio was implemented.Results: Assuming that all norovirus outbreaks (n = 55) were the result of random sampling from an identical distribution and ignoring genogroup and genotype specificities, the asymptomatic ratio was estimated at 32.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 27.7–36.7). Although not significant, separate estimation of the asymptomatic ratio of the GII.4 genotype appeared to be greater than other genotypes and was estimated at 40.7% (95% CI, 32.8–49.0).Conclusion: The present study offered the first explicit empirical estimates of the asymptomatic ratio of norovirus infection in natural infection settings. The estimate of about 30% was consistent with those derived from volunteer challenge studies. Practical difficulty in controlling GII.4 outbreaks was supported by the data, considering that a large estimate of the asymptomatic ratio was obtained for the GII.4 genotype.

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.43, no.10, pp.944-945, 2001 (Released:2001-04-01)

著者

仁井 晧迪 古川 靖 岩切 三雄 久保田 尚志

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

日本農芸化学会誌 (ISSN:00021407)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.37-41, 1981 (Released:2008-11-21)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

6 7

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The essential oil from the fruit of Machilus thunbergii Sieb. et Zucc. grown of Ibaraki-city (Osaka prefecture), has been studied. The constituents of each essential oil, which was obtained respectively from the mesocarp, seed and leaf by steam distillation, were investigated by chromatographic and spectral methods. As a result, 77 compounds were identified. The major components in the mesocarp oil were α-pinene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, cis-β-ocimene, trans-β-ocimene and α-zingiberene, those in the seed oil were α-pinene, α-copaene, caryophyllene, δ-cadinene and caryophyllene oxide, while those in the leaf oil were caryophyllene, germacrene-D and δ-cadinene. Seasonal variation of the oil content was examined. The oil content decreased with ripening of the fruit. This tendency is similar to the result, which was observed in the fruit of Lindera strych-nifolia (Sieb. et Zucc.) F. Vill. The content of α-phellandrene and trans-β-ocimene, which were the main constituents in the whole fruit oil, increased with the ripening of the fruit, but decreased in the over-mature oil.

著者

苅山 靖 林 陵平 吉田 拓矢 図子 あまね 図子 浩太佑 図子 浩二

出版者

一般社団法人日本体力医学会

雑誌

体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.187-197, 2018-04-01 (Released:2018-03-16)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

1

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Movement control and muscle function for pelvic movement in the frontal plane (pelvic elevation) are important for various single-leg sports activities. We aimed to clarify mechanical characteristics of pelvic squat (P-Sq: single-leg squat exercise with emphasis on pelvic elevation, developed by our research group) compared with the double-leg squat (D-Sq) and single-leg squat (S-Sq). Twelve male track and field athletes performed D-Sq, S-Sq, and P-Sq exercises at various loads (90%, 75%, and 60% of 1-repetition maximum [1RM]), using maximum effort. Kinematic and kinetic data were calculated using data recorded with a motion capture system and force platforms. We observed the highest values with P-Sq, followed by S-Sq and D-Sq under all load conditions as follows: peak vertical ground reaction force and rate of force development (RFD), range of pelvic elevation, peak pelvic elevation velocity, peak powers associated with hip abduction torque and trunk lateral flexion torque. In P-Sq, RFD at 90% 1RM was smaller than under the other load conditions, whereas peak vertical ground reaction force at 90% 1RM was larger than under the other load conditions. There were no differences among load conditions with regard to hip abduction and trunk lateral flexion torques and powers. Therefore, characteristics of P-Sq compared to those of D-Sq and S-Sq are 1) larger and faster pelvic elevation, using related muscles (hip abductors and trunk lateral flexors) under all load conditions, 2) larger peak ground reaction force with pelvic elevation under large load conditions, and larger RFD in pelvic elevation under low load conditions.

著者

Themistoklis Katsimichas Tomohito Ohtani Daisuke Motooka Yasumasa Tsukamoto Hidetaka Kioka Kei Nakamoto Shozo Konishi Misato Chimura Kaoruko Sengoku Hiroshi Miyawaki Taiki Sakaguchi Ryu Okumura Konstantinos Theofilis Tetsuya Iida Kiyoshi Takeda Shota Nakamura Yasushi Sakata

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-17-1285, (Released:2018-03-30)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

40

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Background:Research suggests that heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a state of systemic inflammation that may be triggered by microbial products passing into the bloodstream through a compromised intestinal barrier. However, whether the intestinal microbiota exhibits dysbiosis in HFrEF patients is largely unknown.Methods and Results:Twenty eight non-ischemic HFrEF patients and 19 healthy controls were assessed by 16S rRNA analysis of bacterial DNA extracted from stool samples. After processing of sequencing data, bacteria were taxonomically classified, diversity indices were used to examine microbial ecology, and relative abundances of common core genera were compared between groups. Furthermore, we predicted gene carriage for bacterial metabolic pathways and inferred microbial interaction networks on multiple taxonomic levels.Bacterial communities of both groups were dominated by the Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla. The most abundant genus in both groups wasBacteroides. Although α diversity did not differ between groups, ordination by β diversity metrics revealed a separation of the groups across components of variation.StreptococcusandVeillonellawere enriched in the common core microbiota of patients, whileSMB53was depleted. Gene families in amino acid, carbohydrate, vitamin, and xenobiotic metabolism showed significant differences between groups. Interaction networks revealed a higher degree of correlations between bacteria in patients.Conclusions:Non-ischemic HFrEF patients exhibited multidimensional differences in intestinal microbial communities compared with healthy subjects.

著者

Shiori Sugimoto Rui Ito Koji Dairaku Hiroaki Kawase Hidetaka Sasaki Shingo Watanabe Yasuko Okada Sho Kawazoe Takeshi Yamazaki Takahiro Sasai

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, pp.46-51, 2018 (Released:2018-04-01)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

7

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To evaluate the influence of spatial resolution in numerical simulations on the duration of consecutive dry days (CDDs) and near-surface temperature over the central mountains in Japan, a regional climate model was used to conduct two experiments with horizontal resolutions of 5 and 20 km. Compared with observations, the spatial and temporal features of the CDDs were simulated well in the 5 km experiment, whereas in the 20 km simulation they were overestimated over the mountains and underestimated in the surrounding regions. The accuracy in the simulated CDDs affected the near-surface temperature in the model. In years with a difference of more than five days in the CDDs between the 5 and 20 km experiments, near-surface temperatures over the mountains were 0.2-0.3 K lower in the 5 km simulation compared with the 20 km simulation. This was due to the lower number of CDDs in 5 km simulation causing active cloud convection and reduced net radiation at the ground, resulting from a large decrease in the solar radiation at the ground. In addition, a land surface wetness controls a spatial heterogeneity of temperature difference between two experiments.

著者

田中 正明

出版者

一般社団法人 日本デザイン学会

雑誌

デザイン学研究特集号 (ISSN:09196803)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.12-17, 2012-06-30 (Released:2017-11-27)

参考文献数

5

著者

石川 重遠

出版者

日本デザイン学会

雑誌

デザイン学研究 (ISSN:09108173)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, no.3, pp.17-24, 1995-09-29 (Released:2017-07-25)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

1

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世界最初の近代的広告用活字書体とされるファット・フェイス出現の要因をそれに直接関わる活字鋳造,印刷,印刷媒体などに探り,下記のように明確化した。(1)イギリスにおいて19世紀初頭には掲示伝達媒体が定着し,ノウティス,ビルが多数使用された。この見出しに訴求力のある大形の書体が求められた。(2)19世紀初頭には世俗的読み物や雑多な端物印刷物の量が増え,見出しやタイトルなどに目立つ,新しい書体が求められた。(3)18世紀後半からフランスを中心としたモダンな新書体活字開発ラッシュと産業革命の革新的環境は,イギリスの端物印刷用活字鋳造家に大きな刺激を与えた。(4)モダン・フェースの特徴を大型活字に取り込み,ファット・フェイスに結晶させたロバート・ソーンの産業革命時代の活字鋳造家にふさわしい創造性と先見性も重用である。

著者

田中 正明

出版者

日本デザイン学会

雑誌

デザイン学研究 (ISSN:09108173)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1970, no.11, pp.27-44, 1970-03-30 (Released:2017-07-25)

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After making the appearance of Modern-face Roman by Didots and Bodoni, there were produced various type faces, Fat-face, Egyptians, San Serifs etc., as type face for commerce and advertising. The subject of this essey is a study concerning Type Derign in practical use, through the material of the playbills of London (mainly) in mid-nineteenth century. The material are as follows. Fig. 1 May 21, 1822 Fig. 7 June 17, 1854 (Philadelphia) Fig. 2 Aug. 8, 1831 Fig. 8 Feb. 13, 1860 Fig. 3 May 3, 1839 Fig. 9 Mar. 30, 1860 Fig. 4 May 25, 1840 Fig. 10 Mar. 30, 1860 (detail) Fig. 5 July 1, 1840 Fig. 11 Mar. 31, 1860 Fig. 6 Dec. 16, 1847 (Birmingham)

著者

荒井 研祐 三堀 将寛

出版者

公益社団法人 日本薬学会

雑誌

YAKUGAKU ZASSHI (ISSN:00316903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.138, no.4, pp.525-527, 2018 (Released:2018-04-01)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1

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Within school classrooms, Active Learning has been receiving unprecedented attention. Indeed, Active Learning's popularity does not stop in the classroom. As more and more people argue that the Japanese government needs to renew guidelines for education, Active Learning has surfaced as a method capable of providing the necessary knowledge and training for people in all areas of society, helping them reach their full potential. It has become accepted that Active Learning is more effective over the passive listening of lectures, where there is little to no interaction. Active Learning emphasizes that learners explain their thoughts, ask questions, and express their opinions, resulting in a better retention rate of the subject at hand. In this review, I introduce an Active Learning support tool developed at Digital Knowledge, “Clica”. This tool is currently being used at many educational institutions. I will also introduce an online questionnaire that Digital Knowledge provided at the 10th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Society for Pharmaceutical Palliative Care and Sciences.