著者

大久保 智生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会

雑誌

教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.3, pp.307-319, 2005-09-30 (Released:2013-02-19)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

23 28

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本研究の目的は, 個人-環境の適合性の視点から適応状態を測定する青年用適応感尺度を作成し, その信頼性と妥当性を検証すること (研究1), 作成された適応感尺度と学校生活の要因 (友人との関係, 教師との関係, 学業) との関連を検討すること (研究2) であった。研究1では中学生621名, 高校生786名, 大学生393名が, 研究2では中学生375名, 高校生572名が調査に参加した。作成された尺度の因子分析の結果から, 従来の適応感尺度の因子とは異なる「居心地の良さの感覚」,「課題・目的の存在」,「被信頼・受容感」,「劣等感の無さ」の4因子が抽出された。また尺度の信頼性と妥当性を検討したところ, 個人一環境の適合性の視点から作成された適応感尺度は, 十分な信頼性と妥当性を有していると考えられた。学校生活の要因と適応感との関連について重回帰分析を用いて学校ごとに検討した結果, どの学校においても「友人との関係」が適応感に強く影響を与えていた。一方,「教師との関係」,「学業」と適応感の関係の構造は学校ごとに異なっていた。以上の結果から, 青年の学校への適応感について, 各学校の特徴を踏まえた上で研究を進めていく必要性が示された。

著者

横田 理 佐藤 央 杉戸 雄四郎 水尾 圭祐 武田 健

出版者

日本毒性学会

雑誌

日本トキシコロジー学会学術年会 第36回日本トキシコロジー学会学術年会

巻号頁・発行日

pp.4093, 2009 (Released:2009-07-17)

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【目的】ディーゼル排ガス (DE) 由来の排気微粒子 (DEP) は、大気環境中の浮遊粒子状物質の約半数を占めている。当研究室ではこれまでに DE 胎仔期曝露によって、ドパミン神経系の機能低下を引き起こすことを報告している。一方で、大脳や海馬等において、血管周囲の細胞で DEP 様粒子の蓄積、さらには細胞の変性像や末梢血管の閉塞などを観察した。しかし、DEP 曝露の影響は未だ未解明である。そこで本研究では、胎仔期に DEP を曝露したマウスを用いて行動学的解析を中心に脳神経系への影響を検討することとした。【方法】DEP (Lot. No. 060612) は結核研究所のディーゼルエンジン (いすゞ、排気量 2,369 cc) の希釈トンネルより採取したものを用いた。これを 0.05 % Tween 80 を含む生理食塩水に懸濁し、投与直前に超音波処理を約 2 時間行った。胎仔期曝露では、ICR 系妊娠マウスに対して DEP 100 μg / body / time を妊娠 6、9、12、15、18 日目に皮下投与した。雄性産仔は 3 週齢時に離乳し 5 週齢より行動試験を行った。行動試験は Spontaneous motor activity (自発運動量の評価)、Rotating rod test (運動協調性の評価)、Elevated plus maze test (不安情動性の評価)、Water maze test (空間学習・記憶の評価)、Passive avoidance test (学習・記憶の評価)、Forced swimming test (モチベーションの評価) により詳細な解析を行った。【結果・考察】胎仔期 DEP 曝露により、Elevated plus maze test では Open arm へのエントリー回数の減少が認められた。また、Water maze test において DEP 曝露マウスはプラットホームに到達するまでの時間が有意に長かった。本研究において、胎児期DEP 曝露が不安惹起並びに空間学習・記憶の低下を引き起こす可能性が示唆された。

著者

太田 順康

出版者

日本武道学会

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.1, pp.3-4, 1984-01-31 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

4

著者

大西 範和 斎藤 真 大平 肇子 小松 美砂 長谷川 智之 西濵 里英 松島 至俊 HUANG Ya-wen 近藤 晃一 坂本 直久 松岡 敏生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人間工学会

雑誌

人間工学 (ISSN:05494974)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.Supplement1, pp.S266-S267, 2017-06-01 (Released:2017-09-07)

著者

Akira IWAKAWA Tatsuro SHODA Ryosuke MAJIMA Son Hoang PHAM Akihiro SASOH

出版者

THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES

雑誌

TRANSACTIONS OF THE JAPAN SOCIETY FOR AERONAUTICAL AND SPACE SCIENCES (ISSN:05493811)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.5, pp.303-311, 2017 (Released:2017-09-04)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

13

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Supersonic drag reduction performance using repetitive pulse energy depositions over blunt bodies was experimentally studied under two Mach numbers. The normalized drag reduction and energy deposition efficiency of Mach-1.92 over a 10-mm-dia. blunt-cylinder model were 8% and 1.2 at most, respectively. On the other hand, these values at Mach-3.20 over the same model were 22% and 6.2, respectively. The shock-wave deformation period using single-pulse energy deposition at Mach-3.20 was 64 μs. This duration was shorter than that of 80 μs at Mach-1.92, but the deformation magnitude on the model center axis of 40% at Mach-3.20 was larger than that of 15% at Mach-1.92. These experimental characteristics were consistent as solutions of the Riemann problem. Moreover, a drag reduction performance was much improved with a larger model diameter of 20 mm. Therefore, it has been experimentally demonstrated that the drag reduction performance due to energy deposition improves much at a high Mach number and with large model dimensions.

著者

海老澤 元宏 柳田 紀之 佐藤 さくら

出版者

一般社団法人 日本アレルギー学会

雑誌

アレルギー (ISSN:00214884)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.6, pp.809-818, 2015 (Released:2015-10-31)

参考文献数

21

被引用文献数

1

著者

松林 正己

出版者

一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会

雑誌

情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.7, pp.393-393, 2017-07-01 (Released:2017-07-01)

著者

Haruki Momma Susumu S. Sawada Robert A. Sloan Yuko Gando Ryoko Kawakami Shin Terada Motohiko Miyachi Chihiro Kinugawa Takashi Okamoto Koji Tsukamoto Cong Huang Ryoichi Nagatomi Steven N. Blair

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.JE20160199, (Released:2017-11-25)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

6

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Background: The “Physical Activity Reference for Health Promotion 2013” provides “fit” reference values for cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) for good health. The importance of achieving a fit CRF level for several years on the subsequent prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) remains to be clarified.

著者

Carolina Carvalho Bortoletto Mônica da Consolação Canuto Salgueiro Renata Valio Yara Dadalti Fragoso Pamella de Barros Motta Lara Jansiski Motta Fernanda Yukie Kobayashi Kristianne Porta Santos Fernandes Raquel Agnelli Mesquita-Ferrari Alessandro Deana Sandra Kalil Bussadori

出版者

The Society of Physical Therapy Science

雑誌

Journal of Physical Therapy Science (ISSN:09155287)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.11, pp.1889-1892, 2017 (Released:2017-11-22)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

16

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[Purpose] Present study aimed to evaluate the relationship between sleep bruxism and headache in school children. [Subjects and Methods] This study was conducted with 103 children aged 3–6 years. The exclusion criteria were early tooth loss, dental appliance was used, physical or psychological limitations, chronic disease and continuous medication. Sleep bruxism was diagnosed based on an indication by parents of the occurrence of teeth clenching/grinding and incisor/occlusal tooth wear, following the criteria of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. Sleep quality was evaluated by a questionnarie, detailing the child’s sleep characteristics. [Results] Forty-nine children (47.6%) were diagnosed with sleep bruxism. Those with sleep bruxism were 3.25-fold more likely to present headache. Children whose parents were separated had a significantly greater frequency of sleep bruxism and primary headache. The relative risk of exhibiting primary headache was 13.1 among children with sleep bruxism whose parents were separated. [Conclusion] Children with SB demonstrated a greater risk of having primary headache and those whose parents were separated had a greater chance of having headache. Only sleep bruxism was associated with headache, clenching the teeth during waking hours was not correlated with primary headache.

著者

Chihiro Tsukano Satoshi Suetsugu Nobusuke Muto Yoshiji Takemoto

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.12, pp.1167-1174, 2017-12-01 (Released:2017-12-01)

参考文献数

43

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Tetrahydrobiphenylene consists of cyclobutene fused with benzene and cyclohexene rings. In this paper, a direct method for synthesizing tetrahydrobiphenylenes based on a palladium (Pd)(0)-catalyzed C(sp2)–H functionalization was investigated. The developed method was applied to the synthesis of several tetrahydrobiphenylenes having an oxygen functionality at the ring juncture. The derivatization of a tetrahydrobiphenylene is also reported.

著者

大坪 紘子 堀 繁 竹形 顕 宮澤 泰子

出版者

公益社団法人 日本造園学会

雑誌

ランドスケープ研究 (ISSN:13408984)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.5, pp.655-658, 2003 (Released:2003-09-24)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study manifested the characteristics of mountain trails and effect to the natural experience, taking Mt. Inari in Kyoto, in which Japanese traditional belief to the nature still exists, as a case study. Analysis was practiced in terms of locations of trails and of objects for interest on trails. As a result, the former was exemplified to bring realization of rich topography with introduction of diverse terrains, or to emphasize the action of “climbing”, applying particularity of mountain peak. On the other hand, the latter was exemplified to enrich natural experience with adopted nature as interest, or to enrich trailing experience with successive appearance of interest. Those findings were summarized as hints for design of mountain trails.

著者

Meina TEI Kazuyuki UCHIDA James K. CHAMBERS Ken-ichi WATANABE Takashi TAMAMOTO Koichi OHNO Hiroyuki NAKAYAMA

出版者

JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.17-0447, (Released:2017-12-04)

被引用文献数

5

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Amyloid A (AA) amyloidosis, a fatal systemic amyloid disease, occurs secondary to chronic inflammatory conditions in humans. Although persistently elevated serum amyloid A (SAA) levels are required for its pathogenesis, not all individuals with chronic inflammation necessarily develop AA amyloidosis. Furthermore, many diseases in cats are associated with the elevated production of SAA, whereas only a small number actually develop AA amyloidosis. We hypothesized that a genetic mutation in the SAA gene may strongly contribute to the pathogenesis of feline AA amyloidosis. In the present study, genomic DNA from four Japanese domestic cats (JDCs) with AA amyloidosis and from five without amyloidosis was analyzed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and direct sequencing. We identified the novel variation combination of 45R-51A in the deduced amino acid sequences of four JDCs with amyloidosis and five without. However, there was no relationship between amino acid variations and the distribution of AA amyloid deposits, indicating that differences in SAA sequences do not contribute to the pathogenesis of AA amyloidosis. Immunohistochemical analysis using antisera against the three different parts of the feline SAA protein—i.e., the N-terminal, central, and C-terminal regions—revealed that feline AA contained the C-terminus, unlike human AA. These results indicate that the cleavage and degradation of the C-terminus are not essential for amyloid fibril formation in JDCs.

著者

長谷川 一

出版者

国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構

雑誌

情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.60, no.9, pp.651-654, 2017-12-01 (Released:2017-12-01)

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インターネットという情報の巨大な伝送装置を得,おびただしい量の情報に囲まれることになった現代。実体をもつものの価値や実在するもの同士の交流のありようにも,これまで世界が経験したことのない変化が訪れている。本連載では哲学,デジタル・デバイド,サイバーフィジカルなどの諸観点からこのテーマをとらえることを試みたい。「情報」の本質を再定義し,情報を送ることや受けることの意味,情報を伝える「言葉」の役割や受け手としてのリテラシーについて再考する。

著者

Takuma Yamashita Haruka Shinotsuka Yuki Takahashi Kana Kato Makiya Nishikawa Yoshinobu Takakura

出版者

The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan

雑誌

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:09186158)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.12, pp.2140-2145, 2017-12-01 (Released:2017-12-01)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

9

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Cell-derived nanosized vesicles or exosomes are expected to become delivery carriers for functional RNAs, such as small interfering RNA (siRNA). A method to efficiently load functional RNAs into exosomes is required for the development of exosome-based delivery carriers of functional RNAs. However, there is no method to find exosome-tropic exogenous RNA sequences. In this study, we used a systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method to screen exosome-tropic RNAs that can be used to load functional RNAs into exosomes by conjugation. Pooled single stranded 80-base RNAs, each of which contains a randomized 40-base sequence, were transfected into B16-BL6 murine melanoma cells and exosomes were collected from the cells. RNAs extracted from the exosomes were subjected to next round of SELEX. Cloning and sequencing of RNAs in SELEX-screened RNA pools showed that 29 of 56 clones had a typical RNA sequence. The sequence found by SELEX was enriched in exosomes after transfection to B16-BL6 cells. The results show that the SELEX-based method can be used for screening of exosome-tropic RNAs.

著者

佐藤 曉

出版者

一般社団法人 日本特殊教育学会

雑誌

特殊教育学研究 (ISSN:03873374)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.34, no.5, pp.23-28, 1997-03-31 (Released:2017-07-28)

被引用文献数

1

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本研究は、漢字書字に困難を示した学習障害児における漢字の書字指導と学習過程を分析した。その結果、漢字形態の構成要素を視覚的に分節化してとらえることやそれらを空間的に配列する構成行為のまずさが、漢字視写の困難をもたらしていることが示された。これに対し、漢字を構成する十の要素(宮下,1989)に注目して漢字の形態をとらえさせるとともにこれらの要素の運筆技能を習得させたところ、漠字視写や直接練習の対象としなかったかな書字に大きな改善が見られた。一方、漢字の書き取りの困難は、視覚的な記憶の問題と深い関わりがあることが示唆された。そこで、漢字一つ一つについて構成要素を言語化させることによって視覚的記憶のまずさを補ったところ、書き取りの成績が向上した。さらに、書き誤りの多い漢字については、書字過程におけるメタ認知やモニター機能(海保・野村,1983)に着眼して指導することによって、書字の誤りが軽減された。

著者

Akihiro KUROSHIMA Masashi KURAHASHI Katsuhiko DOI Tomie OHNO Ikuko FUJITA

出版者

PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

The Japanese Journal of Physiology (ISSN:0021521X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.3, pp.277-292, 1974 (Released:2011-06-07)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

9 14

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Effects of cold adaptation and high-fat diet on the metabolic responses as well as cold resistance to acute cold exposure were investigated in rats with emphasis on elucidating the mechanism underlying the favorable effect of high-fat diet in a cold environment previously reported.An increment in body weight was greater in rats on a high-fat diet and smaller in cold-adapted rats than in control rats. However, food intake was significantly greater in cold-adapted rats. Daily urine volume and urinary nitrogen excretion increased in cold-adapted rats, but did not change in rats on a high-fat diet. The high-fat diet caused higher bloodfree fatty acid (FFA) and ketone body concentrations, and lower urinary excretion of ketone bodies. Urinary vanilmandelic acid excretion was significantly elevated in cold-adapted rats, while it was lower in rats fed a high-fat diet as compared with that in control rats. This result suggests an increased sympathetic activity in cold-adapted rats and a rather suppressed activity in rats on a high-fat diet.The fall in the colonic temperature due to cold exposure for the period of time up to four hours was significantly less in cold-adapted rats, but did not differ in animals fed a high-fat diet from that in control rats. This result signifies that there is no significant difference in cold resistance between control rats and rats on a high-fat diet. Blood FFA level as well as blood ketone body level was significantly raised in all experimental groups in response to cold exposure. It was observed, however, that an increment in blood FFA concentration was less in cold-adapted rats. The degree of increase in blood FFA became greater with length of exposure to the cold. Blood glucose concentration was significantly elevated in cold-adapted rats after an eighty minutes exposure to the cold, but did not vary in control rats and rats on a high-fat diet. Four hours after the cold exposure the blood glucose level was significantly decreased in all groups as compared with that at 25°C.There was a significant correlation between the blood FFA and ketone body concentrations on the whole data before and after cold exposure in all groups. Regression coefficient between blood compositions was significantly greater in rats fed a high-fat diet than in control and coldadapted rats. It was also shown that there was an inverse correlation between the blood glucose and FFA levels after cold exposure. Furthermore, lessened falling of colonic temperature due to cold exposure was significantly associated with less variations in the blood FFA and glucose levels concomitantly determined in control and cold-adapted rats and this tendency was strongly documented in cold-adapted rats.The present results indicate that the prolonged cold exposure increases the cold resistance to acute cold exposure, while the high-fat diet feeding may not be necessarily favorable to the cold resistance, although a high-fat diet causes certain metabolic changes, suggesting a favorable effect to some extent.

著者

野間口 大 董 春祉 堀之内 貴大 藤田 喜久雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.83, no.854, pp.17-00167-17-00167, 2017 (Released:2017-10-25)

参考文献数

18

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The product design project includes many uncertainties. It causes risk that a project target cannot be accompolished within lead time. In order to flexibly handle the uncertainty and avoid the risk, adaptive planning that can switch easily to another plan by preparing options for a task is needed. When a challenging design alternative is difficult to be accompolished, a project manager should decide either to continue the design taking a risk or to switch to a conservative alternative disliking a risk. This paper proposes a new optimization-based project planning method that aims at a Pareto-optimal of the potential technical performane of designed product and a project failure risk. A task option model is employed for risk assesment of option-based project management. As its planning includes a number of various design variables and various evaluation indices, in order to solve such a complicated problem with a reasonable computation cost, this research separates the optimization problem into two phases, i.e., (i) defining of process architecture and organization structure and (ii) scheduling of resource allocation into activities. This paper demonstrates its application to a student formula design project. A proposed optimization method facilitates a project manager to explore various process plans with assessing their risks.

著者

Tetsuro Akashi Ayano Muto Yayoi Takahashi Hiroshi Nishiyama

出版者

Japan Oil Chemists' Society

雑誌

Journal of Oleo Science (ISSN:13458957)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.9, pp.1017-1027, 2017 (Released:2017-09-01)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

4

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Diarrhea often occurs during enteral nutrition. Recently, several reports showed that diarrhea improves by adding egg yolk lecithin, an emulsifier, in an enteral formula. Therefore, we evaluated if this combination could improve diarrhea outcomes. We retrospectively investigated the inhibitory effects on watery stools by replacing a polymeric fomula with that containing egg yolk lecithin. Then, we investigated the emulsion stability in vitro. Next, we examined the lipid absorption using different emulsifiers among bile duct-ligated rats and assessed whether egg yolk lecithin, medium-chain triglyceride, and dietary fiber can improve diarrhea outcomes in a rat model of short bowel syndrome. Stool consistency or frequency improved on the day after using the aforementioned combination in 13/14 patients. Average particle size of the egg yolk lecithin emulsifier did not change by adding artificial gastric juice, whereas that of soy lecithin and synthetic emulsifiers increased. Serum triglyceride concentrations were significantly higher in the egg yolk lecithin group compared with the soybean lecithin and synthetic emulsifier groups in bile duct-ligated rats. In rats with short bowels, the fecal consistency was a significant looser the dietary fiber (+) group than the egg yolk lecithin (+) groups from day 6 of test meal feedings. The fecal consistency was also a significant looser the egg yolk lecithin (–) group than the egg yolk lecithin (+) groups from day 4 of test meal feeding. The fecal consistency was no significant difference between the medium-chain triglycerides (–) and egg yolk lecithin (+) groups. Enteral formula emulsified with egg yolk lecithin promotes lipid absorption by preventing the destruction of emulsified substances by gastric acid. This enteral formula improved diarrhea and should reduce the burden on patients and healthcare workers.

著者

田付 秋子

出版者

公益財団法人 史学会

雑誌

史学雑誌 (ISSN:00182478)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.108, no.12, pp.2177-2178, 1999-12-20 (Released:2017-11-30)

著者

Kana Yazaki Ken Takahashi Sachie Shigemitsu Mariko Yamada Takeshi Iso Maki Kobayashi Katsumi Akimoto Hiroyuki Tamaichi Junya Fujimura Masahiro Saito Masaki Nii Toshiaki Shimizu

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-17-0874, (Released:2017-11-29)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

20

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Background:Anthracycline cardiotoxicity affects clinical outcomes, and its early detection using methods that rely on conventional echocardiography, such as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) is difficult. This study aimed to evaluate the characteristics and the differences in cardiac dysfunction among childhood cancer survivors in 3 age groups using layer-specific strain analysis in a wide age range.