著者

遼釋行均撰

巻号頁・発行日

vol.[1], 1000

著者

中井 孝幸 小野 美咲 宮城 喬平

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.729, pp.2359-2369, 2016

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&nbsp;Approximately four and a half year has passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake happened on March 11^th, 2011. Many people are still living in temporary houses. In this article, we regard Miyagi prefecture as an example of the most damaged area, and analyze the difference of users' awareness and sphere before and after the earthquake. The purpose is to arrange and grasp the image of new library.<br>&nbsp;We conducted a survey of all users at 4 libraries, Higashimatsushima, Kesennuma, Minamisanriku and Natori, which are located in the coastal area. Higashimatsushima City Library, having had no damage, started to operate again with the existing building. Kesennuma Library started operating at an early date, closing the damaged section. Minamisanriku Town Library moved to another site and started operating in a temporary wooden building due to the severe damage from Tsunami. Natori City Library was demolished after the disaster, and rebuilt a temporary wooden facility in the same site.<br>&nbsp;Users' sphere shows the similar tendency both on weekdays and weekends. As for Kesennuma and Natori, many users come from nearby. As for Higashimatsushima, they come from a distance of about 6km and as for Minamisanriku, some people come from 20km away. At Kesennuma, user's staying time get longer because students study. The other libraries have smaller number of users staying for a long time, so there is only about 30 to 40 minute of time differences between the weekdays and weekends.<br>&nbsp;On weekends the majority are the children and students, and on weekdays house wives and elderlies. However, signi cant differences between weekends and weekdays couldn't be seen in users' purpose and awareness. The 60% of users are from the ooded area in Higashimatsushima (where the large area were ooded) and Minamisannriku in which they suffered from a great damage of Tsunami. The large part of Natori was also ooded , but users from ooded area are less than that of Higashimatsushima. In Kesennuma, 34% of the library users who lived in the ooded area are still in the temporary housing. 25% of the citizens moved into other places due to the damage of the disaster, but many of them still continue to use the library. The frequencies of use increased in all 4 libraries whether the people live in the ooded place or not, before and after earthquake. Some of them have never used the library until the disaster, and increased the number of people are visiting to seek out for some comfort.<br>&nbsp;It was dif cult for users who suffered damage from Tsunami to use libraries immediately after the disaster. On the other hand, many people say that libraries should have reopened sooner. For getting back a normal life in an unfamiliar environment, it is necessary to have some place to visit in public space. It is important for libraries to play a role not only as the place to read books, but also as the place for people to get together.

著者

中井 孝幸 小野 美咲 宮城 喬平

出版者

日本建築学会

雑誌

日本建築学会計画系論文集 (ISSN:13404210)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.81, no.729, pp.2359-2369, 2016

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&nbsp;Approximately four and a half year has passed since the Great East Japan Earthquake happened on March 11^th, 2011. Many people are still living in temporary houses. In this article, we regard Miyagi prefecture as an example of the most damaged area, and analyze the difference of users' awareness and sphere before and after the earthquake. The purpose is to arrange and grasp the image of new library.<br>&nbsp;We conducted a survey of all users at 4 libraries, Higashimatsushima, Kesennuma, Minamisanriku and Natori, which are located in the coastal area. Higashimatsushima City Library, having had no damage, started to operate again with the existing building. Kesennuma Library started operating at an early date, closing the damaged section. Minamisanriku Town Library moved to another site and started operating in a temporary wooden building due to the severe damage from Tsunami. Natori City Library was demolished after the disaster, and rebuilt a temporary wooden facility in the same site.<br>&nbsp;Users' sphere shows the similar tendency both on weekdays and weekends. As for Kesennuma and Natori, many users come from nearby. As for Higashimatsushima, they come from a distance of about 6km and as for Minamisanriku, some people come from 20km away. At Kesennuma, user's staying time get longer because students study. The other libraries have smaller number of users staying for a long time, so there is only about 30 to 40 minute of time differences between the weekdays and weekends.<br>&nbsp;On weekends the majority are the children and students, and on weekdays house wives and elderlies. However, signi cant differences between weekends and weekdays couldn't be seen in users' purpose and awareness. The 60% of users are from the ooded area in Higashimatsushima (where the large area were ooded) and Minamisannriku in which they suffered from a great damage of Tsunami. The large part of Natori was also ooded , but users from ooded area are less than that of Higashimatsushima. In Kesennuma, 34% of the library users who lived in the ooded area are still in the temporary housing. 25% of the citizens moved into other places due to the damage of the disaster, but many of them still continue to use the library. The frequencies of use increased in all 4 libraries whether the people live in the ooded place or not, before and after earthquake. Some of them have never used the library until the disaster, and increased the number of people are visiting to seek out for some comfort.<br>&nbsp;It was dif cult for users who suffered damage from Tsunami to use libraries immediately after the disaster. On the other hand, many people say that libraries should have reopened sooner. For getting back a normal life in an unfamiliar environment, it is necessary to have some place to visit in public space. It is important for libraries to play a role not only as the place to read books, but also as the place for people to get together.

著者

瀬崎 圭二

出版者

東京大学大学院総合文化研究科言語情報科学専攻

雑誌

言語情報科学 (ISSN:13478931)

巻号頁・発行日

no.3, pp.99-112, 2005

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資本主義の成熟、交通、情報網の拡張といった外部的環境の変容の中、明治30年代から流行を紹介する雑誌が続々と刊行されると共に、流行を知の対象として位置付け、分析していくような言説が流通していくことになる。そうした中、藤井健治郎の「流行の意義性質及び其伝播に就いて」(『東亜之光』明治43・2)や、三越の流行会会員であった高島平三郎の「流行の原理」(『みつこしタイムス』明治43・7)は、ガブリエル・タルドを初めとした欧米の社会学、心理学の理論を基盤に、科学的に現象としての流行を捉えようとした。やはり流行会の会員であった森鷗外の小説「流行」(『三越』明治44・7)は、一人の男が用いていく事物が全て流行のものとなっていくことを「己」の「夢」として描き出しているが、この小説は、事物の商品化に際した商人や使用人たちの<夢>を表象すると共に、同時代の流行論が展開した覇権への欲望という<夢>を吸収するところに成立している。流行を知の対象とするこうした言説によってその実定性は確保され、まさに1910年前後、単なる一過性のはやりの現象である流行から、常に<新しさ>の誕生と消滅を繰り返す近代の流行、すなわち流行へのシフトチェンジが生じるのである。

著者

秋葉 澄孝

雑誌

全国大会講演論文集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.42, pp.87-88, 1991-02-25

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N-クイーン問題は19世紀に提案された問題であり、現在ではバックトラックや制約充足アルゴリズムなどの評価に利用されている。しかし、この問題に関して知られている事実は個々のNに関するものが多く、一般のNに対して成り立つ事実はあまり知られていない。本報告では、Nが奇数の場合にN-クイ-ン問題の点対称な解を求めるアルゴリズムについて述べる。

著者

鏡 慎吾

出版者

一般社団法人 日本ロボット学会

雑誌

日本ロボット学会誌 (ISSN:02891824)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.3, pp.244-248, 2013 (Released:2013-05-15)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 2

著者

北田 晃司

出版者

一般社団法人 人文地理学会

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.56, no.3, pp.223-242, 2004-06-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

70

被引用文献数

1

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The urban system is always changing. The importance of studying the changing process of the urban system has been emphasised in Japan and also in Western countries from the 1990s. However, studies about the urban system of non-Western countries are still insufficient. In this article, we investigate the changing process of the urban system in Taiwan under Japanese colonial rule mainly through the location of central managerial functions and the railway network. We compare its urban system with that of Korea which was also under Japanese colonial rule for almost the same period.At the end of the 19th century, the urban system of Taiwan was a mixture of elements of both Japanese colonial rule and that of the Qing Dynasty. In the 1920s, the economy of Taiwan was stabilized due to an increase in agricultural production, especially sugar, and the number of companies significantly increased. T'aipei strengthened its position as the capital under Japanese colonial rule, and other cities, such as T'ainan, T'aichung, and Chiai also accumulated central managerial functions. Chilung strengthened its function dramatically while Danshui and An-ping declined under the influence of the colonial policy to strengthen the economic link with Japan.After the latter half of the 1930s, Taiwan was incorporated into the wartime system as a base for South-East Asia. In this period, T'aipei consolidated its absolute superiority. On the other hand, most of the local cities, except Kaohsiung and Hualiengang, declined. We can also view these changing processes from an analysis of railway passenger revenue. This process resembles that of Korea in the same period. We can say that the latter half of the 1930s was one of the most important periods for the urban system of East Asian countries because the same trends were also evident in Japan.However, judging from the structure of the main railway network, there was a clear difference between Taiwan and Korea. In the case of Korea, short railway lines, which link traditional large cities in the inner area and new port cities, had largely developed. Further, before the 1930s, these lines had a more important role than the main trunk lines which crossed over the peninsula. In Taiwan, however, the railway network mainly consisted of trunk lines which linked large cities along the coast, and short lines had not sufficiently developed. In the case of Korea, there was also a great difference between the locational pattern of economic and administrative central managerial functions. It was difficult to distinguish such a difference in Taiwan, however.There were some important reasons to explain these differences. In Korea, the commercial economy had not developed well under the Lee Dynasty because of the policy of national isolation and the influence of Confucianism. Therefore, most of the traditional cities were located in the inner area as administrative centers, and did not possess sufficient economic functions except for Hansong (Seoul). On the other hand, most of the cities in Taiwan developed on the basis of cultivation or trade with mainland China. As a result, they originally had a balance of both economic and administrative central managerial functions. After that, new port cities were formed in both Korea and Taiwan. In Korea, most of them maintained their relative position during colonial rule. However, in Taiwan, trade was gradually limited to Chilung and Kaohsiung, both of which were much extended by the colonial government, because they were afraid that Taiwan would experience a significant economic impact from Western countries by trade through Shanghai and Hong Kong. However, it is also true that there were many cities which had almost the same position in each urban system of Taiwan and Korea under the same Japanese colonial rule.

著者

和田 敦彦

出版者

日本文学協会 ; 1952-

雑誌

日本文学 (ISSN:03869903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.11, pp.14-27, 2016-11

著者

大木 志門

出版者

日本文学協会 ; 1952-

雑誌

日本文学 (ISSN:03869903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.11, pp.2-13, 2016-11

著者

山本 真一 長谷場 康宏 樋口 博紀 菊池 裕嗣

出版者

THE JAPANESE LIQUID CRYSTAL SOCIETY

雑誌

日本液晶学会討論会講演予稿集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2009, pp.93-93, 2009

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可視光波長程度のオーダーの3次元周期構造を有するブルー相は、格子面に起因した複数の回折光から多色の小板状光学組織を呈する。本研究では、ブルー相が一定の格子面を基板に平行に向ける要因を、固体基板の表面自由エネルギーから検証した。数種の表面自由エネルギーの異なる固体基板に平行配向するブルー相の最安定格子面の比率を調べ、ブルー相の格子面が、固体基板の表面自由エネルギーと一定の相関を示す結果を得た。

著者

岡田 龍司 徳安 秀政 岡崎 祐史 山内 直人 穴井 隆将 松田 基子 矢崎 利加 田辺 陽子 倉賀野 哲造

出版者

Japanese Academy of Budo

雑誌

武道学研究 (ISSN:02879700)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, pp.45-45, 2014

著者

平山 弘

雑誌

情報処理学会研究報告ハイパフォーマンスコンピューティング(HPC)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1992, no.26(1991-HPC-040), pp.1-8, 1992-03-21

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多倍長数の数の乗算には、高速フーリエ変換 () を使えば原理的には高速に計算できることはよく知られたことである。この計算は倍精度浮動小数点演算で行うのが高速で有効な方法である。この場合、計算途中で誤差が生じる。この計算法を使うには、この誤差がどの程度の大きさであるか知る必要がある。本論文では、解析的方法、半解析的方法、数値方法によってその誤差がどの程度大きさであるかを調べた。FFTを使った計算は、計算機の僅かな計算精度の違いによって、計算できる桁数が大きく変化することがわかる。1語に5桁の数値を入れた多倍長数の場合、仮数部が53ビットのIEEE方式の場合約5万桁、56ビットのIBM方式のとき、16万桁の計算が可能である。

著者

蜷川新 著

出版者

清水書店

巻号頁・発行日

1937

著者

石原戒造 編

出版者

マネジメント社

巻号頁・発行日

1934

著者

木下 昌規

出版者

吉川弘文館

雑誌

日本歴史 (ISSN:03869164)

巻号頁・発行日

no.793, pp.1-17, 2014-06

著者

西山 俊彦

出版者

聖トマス大学

雑誌

紀要 : 人間文化 (ISSN:13450131)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.67-118, 2009-03

著者

宮本 愛喜子

出版者

総合研究大学院大学

雑誌

特別研究員奨励費

巻号頁・発行日

2012

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生後発達期、中枢神経系では大規模な神経回路形成・編成が生じる。神経回路網の変化としては神経間の情報伝達部位であるシナプスの除去や新生があげられるが、近年、ミクログリアがシナプス除去に対して役割を持っていることが明らかとなってきた。申請者は未解明である生後1-2週目のマウスにおけるミクログリアの役割、特に神経回路発達の指標となるシナプス動態に対するミクログリアの関与について明らかにするためにin vivo 2光子イメージングを用いたミクログリアの接触とスパイン形成または消失について検討を行った。生後8-10日齢の子宮内電気穿孔法によって大脳皮質興奮性神経細胞に赤色蛍光タンパク質を発現させたlbal-EGFPマウス(ミクログリア特異的にEGFPを発現)を用いて、タイムラプスin vivo 2光子イメージングを行ったところ、ミクログリアが接触した部位に新たなフィロポディア状の突起(スパインの前駆体であると考えられている)が形成される様子が観察された。また、ミクログリアの活性を抑えるミノサイクリンを腹腔内投与したマウスのスパイン密度を調べたところ有意な減少が見られ、ミクログリア選択的に除去したマウスでも同様の結果が得られたことから、ミクログリアによるフィロポディア形成は発達期におけるスパイン形成に寄与していると考えられる。さらに、ミクログリアを除去したマウスから作成した急性スライス標本を用いて微小興奮性シナプス後電位の頻度を確認したところ対照群と比較して優位に減少していた。したがって、ミクログリアにより形成されたフィロポディアは機能的シナプスの形成に寄与していると考えられる。以上の結果から大脳皮質体性感覚野の発達期において、時期特異的にミクログリアがフィロポディアの形成を介して機能的シナプスの形成に寄与していることが示され、発達期の回路形成に対するミクログリアの新たな役割を示唆する結果が得られた。

著者

横井 聖宏 馬場 康輔 須藤 秀紹 山路 奈保子

出版者

日本感性工学会

雑誌

日本感性工学会論文誌 (ISSN:18840833)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.TJSKE-D-16-00023, (Released:2016-04-19)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2

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Short-pause is one of the important elements of presentation. In this study, we have investigated differences of taking short-pauses between winners and losers of book review presentation game, Bibliobattle. In order to find short-pauses, non-utterance sections in presentations are detected by converting time discrete audio signal to energy. Length, times and appearance position of short-pauses of winners and losers were compared. As a result, the following things were revealed. The first is that the average times of winners' brief (less than 0.4 sec) short-pauses is significantly smaller than losers' one. The second is that the losers' average times of short-pauses which appeared in unnatural position (between noun and postpositional particle or suffix) is significantly larger than winners' one.

著者

赤塚 若樹

出版者

首都大学東京大学院 人文科学研究科 表象文化論分野

雑誌

PHASES = ファーズ

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.70-90, 2014-11-01

著者

長屋 俊

出版者

一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会

雑誌

情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, no.12, pp.607-607, 2016-12-01 (Released:2016-12-01)