著者
栗田 宣義
出版者
日本社会学会
雑誌
社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.4, pp.516-533, 2015
被引用文献数
1

<p>現代日本の若年層女性, 具体的には高校生を含むハイティーン女子に焦点を当て, 他者からの承認を意味するリア充, および, 容貌身体の美醜評価による序列に基づいたルックス至上主義ならびに美醜イデオロギーの視角から, 彼女たちの生きづらさを, 探索的因子分析と共分散構造分析を用いて, 計量社会学的に明らかにした. 高校生全学年を含む15歳から19歳の就学層を被調査者とした, ウェブ上の質問紙経由での回収数458名のインターネット調査を用いた分析の結果, 非リア充であるほど生きづらさを抱える傾向があり, また, リア充であるほど容姿外見の変身願望が強い傾向があることが判った.</p>
著者
本名 純
出版者
一般財団法人 アジア政経学会
雑誌
アジア研究 (ISSN:00449237)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.61, no.4, pp.22-41, 2015-10-31 (Released:2015-11-10)
参考文献数
48

Indonesia’s post-Suharto governments have conducted democratic elections every five years since 1999 for both parliaments and presidency. The latest elections in 2014 showed a heated battle between two presidential contenders, namely Joko Widodo (popularly called Jokowi)—the Governor of Jakarta—and Prabowo Subianto who led his right-wing political party, Gerindra. The victory of Jokowi in the presidential election has widely been seen as a success story of ordinary man with no elite background to enjoy strong grass-roots support. Jokowi’s rise to Indonesia’s seventh president is therefore evaluated both domestically and internationally as a critical step towards the country’s democratic consolidation. However, the fact that Prabowo—who was Suharto’s son-in-law and a top army general during the authoritarian days—gained 47% of total votes and performed a close contest with Jokowi should not be ignored to understand the nature of electoral democracy in post-Suharto Indonesia. Why could Prabowo, a legacy of the authoritarian heyday, gain such a large number of votes and become a serious threat to Jokowi? It was antiforeign nationalism and Suharto-era romanticism that characterized Prabowo’s electoral appeal. On the one hand, he clamored for the return to good old days in facing today’s ‘excessive’ democracy heavily influenced by the West. On the other hand, he openly criticized that foreign companies operating in Indonesia are predators who exploit the country’s economic resources, insisting on the need for propelling protectionism in various sectors in the name of saving the country. If he were the winner of the 2014 presidential election, Indonesia’s democratic outlook would be very different. This article examines the dynamics of Prabowo’s electoral challenge and reveals socio-economic structures that contributed to his vote mobilization. I argue that Prabowo’s challenge has been discussed mostly in the context of his personal political ambition, but it actually goes beyond that and resonates with socio-economic cleavages that have been deepened under the previous government led by President Yudhoyono (2004–2014). Thus, the article concludes, it is possible that a similar challenge will recur even without Prabowo in the future, and, to understand such a threat to democratic consolidation, it is important for us to ‘de-personalize’ Prabowo’s challenge and examine the socio-economic vulnerability that creates wider political space for right-wing conservative elitism to maneuver in the age of globalization.
著者
岡本 兼佳
出版者
The Human Geographical Society of Japan
雑誌
人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.3, pp.182-194,248, 1955-08-30 (Released:2009-04-28)
参考文献数
8
被引用文献数
1

For the approach to the reasons of dwelling dispersion, it is fundamentally necessary that the settled order should be made clear by tracing back to the early stage of the reclamation and throughout the progress. From this point, the writer researched into the dispersed settlement on the deltaic plain between two rivers, the Edo and the Furutone, Kanto lowland. The following conclusions were reached:1. The pioners located their homes apart from one another and rarely adjoined besides the line villages. This dispersion of the pioneers resulted from selecting the highest island-like embankment in order to secure their farmsteads from flood waters. When the embankment was too lower to avoid flood, the dweller still more raised up the ground artificially.2. The community in this region is chiefly organized with the relation of head and branch, so the reasons for the dispersed dwelling can be attainable through the branching of the families. Distinguishing the families in the same lineage and ranging them in settled order, and then drawing them on the map, the settlement growth and especially where the branch families select as the house sites are made clear. These distribution types are classified as follows; (A) scattering type of branch families, (B) adjoining type of a branch family to its head family, (C) adjoining type of a branch family to another.3. Classifying the own-fields of the dispersed branch families by distribution, two types are recognized; (a) concentrated type around the house site or stretched type in front of his house site, and (b) remote type. The latter is subdivided into three types; (1) scattered type, (2) distant and yet concentrated type, (3) two groups type in front and at a distance. Each of these types is exemplified in Fig. 3, 4 and 5. When the dwelling is located in the center of the own-fields the most convenience of farming is given. In this region, however, some of the dispersed branch families have the fields in type of remoteness and scattering, because they can not get at will the favorable elevated house site everywhere.4. The adjoining type of a branch family to its head family has also two distribution types of the own-fields; (a) stretched type in front of both families in their way, (b) remote type in the branch family's fields. The latter is classified into the same three types as the case of the dispersed branch families. The examples are given in Fig. 6 and 7.5. The adjoining type of a branch family to another makes the distribution types of the own-fields as follows; (a) contrated type adjacent to the house site in each family or stretched type in front of both families in their way, and (b) remote type in the later settler. This dwelling type and the distribution types of fields are based on taking the elevated dry lots for the house sites.6. Subsequently some farmers removed from other places and they also settled in the types of adjoining and scattering. In that case, the settlers mostly looked for the elevated dry lots and consequently the same dwelling types were shaped.7. The ruined sites were scarcely resettled and were usually changed to the fields and even the lots leaved to the overgrowth with trees and grasses turned out. The inhabitants seem to have evaded such ruined sites psychologically.8. In Tab. 3 the elevated island-like lots are classified by size and are compared with the existence of dwelling. Inspecting this, the greater the lot area becomes, the more dweller it stands, conversely, the smaller lots are entirely used as the fields. By every size of the elevated lots, averaging the area of the house sites possessing on each, the home site areas increase in proportion to the elevated lot areas. This proves that the locating of the dwelling is adapted for the elevated lots. The changes of the landuse follow even the artificial changes,
著者
三具 淳子
出版者
日本社会学会
雑誌
社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.58, no.3, pp.305-325, 2007-12-31 (Released:2010-04-01)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
2 2

第1子出産は女性の労働者としての地位を大きく変える分岐点である.「妻の就業」は本人の経済的自立の基盤であり,夫婦の平等志向を実現させる重要な要因であるとともに,夫婦の内と外のジェンダー・アレンジメントの結節点でもある.この点をふまえ,本稿は,第1子誕生を間近に控えた夫婦へのインタビューをもとに,出産後の妻の就業継続等の行動を決定する過程を分析した.その際,Komterによる3つの権力概念の適用を試みた.その結果,夫婦の個別的相互関係においては「顕在的権力」の作用は認められず,確認されたのは,マクロなレベルに規定要因をもつ「潜在的権力」と「目に見えない権力」の作用であった.「目に見えない権力」の背景には,ジェンダー・イデオロギーとともに合理主義的判断の優位性がみられ,こうした複合的な規定要因が補強しあって作用するため,妻の多くが不満をもたずに労働市場から「スムーズ」に退出していく態様がとらえられた.これらの分析結果は,Komterの権力概念の再考を迫るものとなった.1つ目は,「潜在的権力」が社会構造的レベルにも規定要因をもつという点,2つ目は,「目に見えない権力」はジェンダー・イデオロギーのみによって規定されているわけではく,複合的な要因を考慮する必要があるという点である.
著者
小田谷 嘉弥 新條 正志 先崎 理之
出版者
日本鳥類標識協会
雑誌
日本鳥類標識協会誌 (ISSN:09144307)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.1_2, pp.10-21, 2019-12-31 (Released:2021-05-14)
参考文献数
18

2017年10月から2018年12月にかけて,千葉県の農地においてコシギLymnocryptes minimus 3羽を発見し,捕獲した.3羽のうち1羽は第一回冬羽で,2羽は成鳥であった.標識個体を継続観察した結果,2羽の成鳥は少なくとも2017年12月から2018年2月まで同一の場所に滞在し,そのうち1羽は2018年10月に同一の場所に帰還したことを確認した.これらの3例は本種の日本国内における標識放鳥の第2~第4記録にあたり,成鳥の2例は,国内における初の確実な越冬記録である.
著者
土田 耕司
雑誌
川崎医療短期大学紀要 = Bulletin of Kawasaki College of Allied Health Professions (ISSN:02873028)
巻号頁・発行日
no.35, pp.51-55, 2015

障害個性論とは,「障害は個性である」という趣旨を持つ言説の論争である.本研究においては.今までに論じられた障害個性論を,(1)いかなる時代背景,社会背景であったか.(2)どのような立場のものがいったか.(3)どのような意図を持っていったのか.(4)障害とはどのような障害者の障害を指しているのかの,(1)~(4)の検証課題に基づき検証することで,この論争の実体を整理した.その結果,障害個性論とは明確な理論体系を持っているとはいい難く,「障害は個性である」という趣旨を持った言葉が先行したことであって,体系づけられた論争ではないと考える.この「障害は個性である」という言葉は,標語のような役割を果たしたのではないかと考えられた.しかし,この言葉の賛否が論じられたことは,障害や障害者について社会が考え,議論する題材であり,その機会を与えてくれた.と考えることができた.
著者
Manabu Hagiwara
出版者
The Institute of Electronics, Information and Communication Engineers
雑誌
IEICE Communications Express (ISSN:21870136)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.2020XBL0191, (Released:2021-02-16)
被引用文献数
4

The classical insertion codes were discovered at the same time as the classical deletion codes. The quantum deletion code was presented at IEICE Communications Express last year, but quantum insertion codes were never constructed. In this article, we provide the first quantum insertion code. Its encoding is the same as the four-qubits deletion code, known as the theoretically shortest deletion code.
著者
畠中 智史 菊池 康紀 平尾 雅彦
出版者
日本LCA学会
巻号頁・発行日
pp.195, 2009 (Released:2010-02-15)

環境影響低減のため企業や行政により、レジ袋の使用量削減に向けた活動が盛んに行われているが、レジ袋をごみ捨ての袋として再利用している場合もあり、レジ袋を減らすことが必ずしも最適な行動であるとは言えない。本研究ではレジ袋の使用方法など、消費者によって異なるライフスタイルを、シナリオの形で記述してパラメタを定義することでモデル化し、環境影響の評価とそれぞれのライフスタイルに応じた行動改善案の作成を行った。
著者
三好 彰
出版者
耳鼻と臨床会
雑誌
耳鼻と臨床 (ISSN:04477227)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, no.6Supplement2, pp.690-695, 1999-11-20 (Released:2013-05-10)
参考文献数
2

27 0 0 0 OA 奥羽人民告諭

出版者
[ ]
巻号頁・発行日
1869