著者

石橋 克彦

出版者

Tokyo Geographical Society

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.102, no.4, pp.341-353, 1993-08-25 (Released:2010-11-18)

参考文献数

52

被引用文献数

4 5 5

著者

Chan-Won Kim Sungwoo Hong Yoosoo Chang Jung Ah Lee Hocheol Shin Seungho Ryu

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-20-0692, (Released:2020-12-11)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

7

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Background:A high level of apolipoprotein B (apoB) is associated with incident coronary artery disease (CAD) when low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level is discordantly low or concordantly high. However, data on the relationship of apoB with subclinical measure of CAD are limited.Methods and Results:A total of 14,205 men (mean age 41.0 years) who were free of cardiovascular disease at baseline and who underwent a health checkup exam, including measurement of coronary artery calcium (CAC), were studied. Of the study group, 2,773 participants (19.5%) had CAC at baseline, and CAC progression was observed in 2,550 (18.0%). The multivariate-adjusted CAC score ratios (95% confidence interval) comparing discordantly high apoB/low LDL-C and concordantly high apoB/high LDL-C with concordantly low apoB/low LDL-C were 1.51 (0.98–2.32) and 2.70 (2.19–3.33), respectively. The corresponding relative risks for CAC progression were 1.26 (1.02–1.56) and 1.49 (1.34–1.66), respectively. These associations did not change appreciably after adjustment for insulin resistance and subclinical inflammation.Conclusions:Discordant analysis showed that a high apoB level was strongly associated with prevalence and progression of CAC independent of LDL-C in a large cohort of healthy adults. The present study results highlighted the importance of an apoB measure as a potential target for primary prevention of coronary atherosclerosis in healthy adults.

著者

角田 一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会誌 (ISSN:13411535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.4, pp.308-311, 2013 (Released:2013-10-18)

参考文献数

2

著者

仲田 康一

出版者

日本教育経営学会

雑誌

日本教育経営学会紀要 (ISSN:02872870)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.52, pp.96-110, 2010-05-30 (Released:2017-07-06)

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Though recent educational reforms have led to decentralised school management and parental participation in school administration, the basis of these reforms is thought to be vulnerable. In particular, some researchers express concerns about the relative inferiority of parents. Sociologists in the United Kingdom indicated the marginalization of parent governors by governors from other categories such as co-opted governors from industry or local governors (Vincent 1996; Deem et al. 1995). Thus, this paper aims to clarify the following two issues in Japanese context; (i) to affirm the existence of inactiveness of parents in School Management Committee's discussion and (ii) the reason of parental inactiveness. To approach these issues, I use a case study method in a specific school, which has a School Management Committee (shorten as SMC). I use the following three data sources; the minutes of SMC, interview transcripts, and field notes of the transaction in SMC. There were three main findings from my analysis, (i) There are so-called "silent members" in the formal discussion within SMC, who rarely, if ever contribute to the transaction, and they are unevenly concentrated in parent category. (ii) These "silent members" felt the restrictive condition which has resulted from following two points; 1) Local power relations affect the atmosphere of SMC discussion. 2) Parent members felt the difficulty to represent the large diversity of parents' views to education. (iii) However, across the years, the difference of activity between categories has been maintained and reproduced by the following two points; 3) Local residents become good advisers for the head teacher so that the agenda of SMC come to be preset between the head teacher and local residents, excluding parent members. 4) Local residents also become enthusiastic school supporters. In contrast, parent members are relatively busy because of everyday child rearing, their own job and regular PTA tasks so that the attitude of parents is seen somewhat "unsupportive". As a result, preferential value-adding to locals silenced parent members. As a proposition, I assert that the position of parents among the actors in governing schools reflect the micro social relationship within the school community.

著者

佐藤 美紀子 原 祥子 福間 美紀 加藤 真紀

出版者

一般社団法人 日本看護研究学会

雑誌

日本看護研究学会雑誌 (ISSN:21883599)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20190603055, (Released:2019-09-11)

参考文献数

115

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脳卒中患者のセルフマネジメントに関する研究の動向と実態を明らかにすることを目的に,文献レビューを行った。医中誌,PubMed,CINAHLにおいて,国内文献7件,国外文献98件が抽出された。研究は2000年以降に報告されており,過去5年間の国外の介入研究が増加していた。国内では,実態調査と文献レビューのみであったが,国外では,尺度開発,支援ツールの開発,介入プロトコル,介入研究,介入プログラムの評価も行われていた。セルフマネジメントのプロセス全体を評価した実態調査は十分に行われておらず,介入プログラムも開発段階であった。適切なセルフマネジメント行動により,心身機能やQOLの向上が期待できる一方で,退院後の療養支援環境が十分に整っていないことが一因となり,適切な行動がとれない患者が一定割合で存在する実態が明らかになった。プロセス全体を評価できる指標や尺度の開発,実態に基づく介入プログラムの開発が求められた。

著者

神田 茂

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.23, no.4, pp.335-336, 1970-12-28 (Released:2010-03-11)

著者

柳原 保武 柳原 格

出版者

一般社団法人 日本内科学会

雑誌

日本内科学会雑誌 (ISSN:00215384)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.91, no.10, pp.2983-2989, 2002-10-10 (Released:2008-06-12)

参考文献数

13

著者

遠藤 匡俊

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地理学会

雑誌

地理学評論 Series A (ISSN:18834388)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.85, no.3, pp.236-258, 2012-05-01 (Released:2017-10-07)

参考文献数

55

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幕府は二度にわたり蝦夷地を直轄地として,アイヌの人々の文化を和人風に変えようとした.この同化政策によるアイヌ文化の変容過程については,あまり知られていない.本研究では1799~1801(寛政11~享和元)年のエトロフ島におけるアイヌの和名化と風俗改変の空間的・社会的拡散過程を復元した.1799年にシャナ集落で始まった文化変容の中で,和名化は1800年に,風俗改変は1801年にほぼエトロフ島全体に広がった.1801年に会所や番小屋が設置された集落とその周辺地域では和名化率と風俗改変率はより高く,ロシアとの境界に接するエトロフ島北部では低かった.1800年に和名化したのは主に10歳以下の子供であり,1801年に和名化・風俗改変したのは主に16歳以上の青壮年であった.和名化と風俗改変が生じるかどうかにおいては有力者の動向が下男・下女に影響力をもっていた.

著者

Ibuki Fukuyama Takafumi Nakano

出版者

The Japanese Society of Soil Zoology

雑誌

Edaphologia (ISSN:03891445)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.103, pp.33-34, 2018 (Released:2019-11-30)

著者

服部 茂幸

出版者

The Japanese Society for the History of Economic Thought

雑誌

経済学史学会年報 (ISSN:04534786)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.37, pp.95-106, 1999 (Released:2010-08-05)

参考文献数

35

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Although it is often said that Kalecki discovered the General Theory independently, his economics seems to ignore monetary factors. But monetary economics in Keynes's sense does not depend on whether there is so-called money in an economic theory. Keynes shows that, when contracts of debt are circulated socially, they will become money. Kalecki also remarked this endogeneity of money. In the actual economy, however, contracts of debts will be restricted because of uncertainty. Kalecki insisted that a firm's investment may be restricted by their own savings because of increasing risk. Monetary economics must address this kind of decision-making under the condition of an uncertain economy. In this area, Kalecki has made important contributions.Kalecki emphasised that “Capitalists earn what they spend, and workers spend what they earn.” We show that Kalecki's asymmetry is based on differences in financial constraints between capitalists and workers. Because of their more relaxed financial constraints, capitalists can spend without earning, while because of their tight financial constraints, workers' consumption restricted by their wages. We can develop a Kaleckian economics through integrating monetary factors. Kalecki's asymmetry also suggests that, in the monetary economy, economic agents with relatively relaxed financial constraints can play an active role. Therefore, monetary economics in terms of Kalecki's economics must include class distinctions.

著者

木村 学

出版者

一般社団法人 日本地質学会

雑誌

地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.87, no.11, pp.757-768, 1981-11-15 (Released:2008-04-11)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

25 29

著者

嶋田 総太郎

出版者

日本認知科学会

雑誌

認知科学 (ISSN:13417924)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.18, no.2, pp.343-351, 2011 (Released:2011-12-16)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

著者

森下 義隆 矢内 利政

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.1, pp.237-250, 2018-06-10 (Released:2018-06-20)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

2 1

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The purpose of this study was to examine within-subject differences in bat-swing trajectory between intentional hitting towards the same field and towards the opposite field. 19 industrial league baseball batters and 16 collegiate baseball batters performed same-field hitting (SH) and opposite-field hitting (OH). The movement of the bat during the swing was recorded with two high-speed cameras (1000 fps) for 3D analysis. At the instant of ball impact, the striking surface of the bat faced towards the same field in SH and towards the opposite field in OH. The bat-head trajectory immediately before impact was directed obliquely upward in SH, whereas it was directed obliquely downward in OH. Throughout the swing, the projection angle of the bat on the vertical plane was greater in OH than in SH, and the ratio of the translational component of the bat-head speed to the resultant bat-head speed was significantly greater in OH than in SH. These results suggest that the characteristics of the bat swing in OH provide a suitable impact condition to drive the ball towards the opposite field, as evidence has demonstrated that (1) a batted ball is likely to travel towards the opposite field when the lower half of the ball is hit by a vertically inclined bat, and (2) the striking surface of the bat is unlikely to turn to face towards the same field when the contribution to the resultant bat-head speed is generated more by the translational component of the bathead speed than by the rotational component.

著者

Tetsuya Takemi Toshiya Yoshida Shota Yamasaki Kentaro Hase

出版者

Meteorological Society of Japan

雑誌

SOLA (ISSN:13496476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.22-27, 2019 (Released:2019-02-06)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

25

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An intense tropical cyclone, Typhoon Jebi (2018), landed the central part of Japan and caused severe damages. Quantitative assessment of strong winds in urban districts under typhoon conditions is important to understand the underlying risks. As a preliminary study, we investigate the influences of densely built urban environments on the occurrence of wind gusts in an urban district of Osaka City during Typhoon Jebi by merging mesoscale meteorological and building-resolving large-eddy simulations (LES). With the successful reproduction of the track and intensity of the typhoon in meteorological simulations, the simulated winds at the boundary-layer top of the LES model are used to quantitatively estimate the wind gusts in the urban district. The maximum wind gust in the analysis area of Osaka was estimated as 60-70 m s−1, which is comparable to the wind speed at the height of about 300 m.

著者

清水 陽香 中島 健一郎

出版者

日本パーソナリティ心理学会

雑誌

パーソナリティ研究 (ISSN:13488406)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.27.1.4, (Released:2018-04-05)

参考文献数

38

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防衛的悲観主義者(DP者)は,方略的楽観主義者(SO者)に比べて自尊心が低く不安が高い一方で,パフォーマンス前の準備を入念に行い,その結果SO者と同程度に高いパフォーマンスを示すとされている。一般に高い不安や低い自尊心は準備およびパフォーマンスを阻害するにもかかわらず,DP者が課題の事前準備に取り組むことができる理由はいまだ明らかになっていない。本研究では,その理由としてDP者には潜在的自尊心の高さがあると考え,DP者の顕在的自尊心と潜在的自尊心に着目した検討を行った。研究1では,質問紙調査によって認知的方略による顕在的自尊心の差異を検討した。また研究2では,Name Letter Taskを用いて潜在的自尊心の差異を検討した。研究1, 2の結果,DP者はSO者に比べて顕在的自尊心は低いものの,潜在的自尊心はSO者と同程度に高いことが示された。

著者

小林 朝子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本家政学会家政学原論部会

雑誌

家政学原論部会会報 (ISSN:09169164)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, pp.40-42, 1993-06-30 (Released:2017-10-30)

著者

村島 伸治

出版者

社団法人 日本写真学会

雑誌

日本写真学会誌 (ISSN:03695662)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.65, no.3, pp.190-194, 2002-06-25 (Released:2011-08-11)

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我々は, 低価格入門ファミリークラスSLRで, 高価格中級クラスSLRの機能・性能を今までにない超小型ボディに収めることができるプラットフォームを開発した. 我々はそこに, 超小型を実現する全体レイアウト, 高品位な高倍率ファインダー, 超ワイドな多点AF, 合焦箇所を投光表示する技術, 裏蓋開閉ミスを未然に防ぐ安全機構など, 多くの技術を融合させた.

著者

小林 陽介

出版者

経済理論学会

雑誌

季刊経済理論 (ISSN:18825184)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.3, pp.90-95, 2012-10-20 (Released:2017-04-25)

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Recently there has been a great deal of research generated focusing on the Financialization-Approach. However, most of the literature on financialization emphasizes the influence of the financial sector, and pays less attention to the real economy. This paper examines how to bring the dynamism of real economy into the Financialization- Approach. Firstly, I investigate the relationship between corporations and finance, focusing on the literature of corporate governance. According to the research by Lazonick and O'Sullivan, the management strategy of U.S. corporations changed from "retain and reinvest" to "downsize and distribute" after the 1980s. U.S. corporations reduced their employment, and distributed cash to stockholders, and increased dividend payments and stock repurchases to raise their stock prices. This change arose from the formation of the "market for corporate control", which is explained mainly from the following: 1) Worsening performance of corporations and agency theory, 2) Increase of the stock holding by institutional investors, and 3) Development of junk bond market. However, this change is explained only from the influence of finance. The activeness of corporations is ignored. Secondly, I investigate the situation that U.S. corporations faced in 1980s to focus on the corporate action. They faced the shift in industrial structure. Key industries, such as steel, automobile and household electronic appliances, lost competitive power, while high-technology, energy and service industries maintained competitive power. Many corporations restructured their business formations to adapt to this shift by mergers and acquisitions. While raising stock prices is a result of financial influence in the literature of financialization, raising stock prices has a positive meaning for companies which perform mergers and acquisitions. Companies can perform mergers and acquisitions advantageously when their stock prices are high. Increase of dividend payments and stock repurchases can be understood to be a result of corporate action which adapts to the shift in industrial structure by mergers and acquisitions. Finally, I discuss the corporate image which should be included in the Financialization-Approach. The corporation should be assumed the active one which pursues profits, not the passive one assumed in the former literature. This is the starting point of an attempt to bring the dynamism of real economy into the Financialization-Approach.

著者

林 志津江

出版者

学校法人 北里研究所 北里大学一般教育部

雑誌

北里大学一般教育紀要 (ISSN:13450166)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.20, pp.167-173, 2015-03-31 (Released:2017-06-23)

著者

北野 淳一

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会誌 (ISSN:13405551)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.124, no.8, pp.520-523, 2004-08-01 (Released:2008-04-17)

参考文献数

1

被引用文献数

3 1