著者
加藤 博
出版者
日本中東学会
雑誌
日本中東学会年報 (ISSN:09137858)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.35, no.1, pp.135-161, 2019-08-30 (Released:2020-10-31)

The rural society of modern Egypt was drastically transformed in the background of the transfer of irrigation system from the basin irrigation to the perennial irrigation. The paper aims to examine its impact of the transfer of irrigation system on the rural society of modern Egypt, focusing an interesting geographical feature, that is “dead river” (baḥr mayyit), which signifies a huge stagnant water in the shape of river. The “dead river,” with which the paper is concerned, is the ancient Baghur Canal. It flowed from a head (fam) of the Damietta branch near to Bir al-Shamus Village in Menufiya Governorate, and go to the Buhayra Governorate through the central Delta region between the two branches of the Nile. In the middle of 19th century, it was cut by Menuf Canal, which was constructed as one of the main canal (rayyāḥ) for the perennial irrigation. The cutting of the ancient Baghur Canal by Menuf Canal made a part of the ancient Baghur Canal “dead river” on one hand, and caused the lack of water for irrigation of the lands on the west side of the Nile on the other. It was because the new and present Baghur Canal, which started from the head on the west shore of Menuf Canal in Kafr al-Ghonameya Village, was newly constructed instead of the ancient Baghur Canal.
著者
山崎 直樹
出版者
関西大学外国語学部
雑誌
関西大学外国語学部紀要 = Journal of foreign language studies (ISSN:18839355)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.22, pp.79-92, 2020-03

The purpose of this paper is to examine the descriptions of can-do statements in standards for foreign language education used in Japan, from the viewpoint of universal design, and to show how they are described by the viewpoint of the majority. The majority here are foreign language learners who are generally assumed to be typical, that is, learners who hardly ever feel physical, sensory, cognitive, psychological or language barriers in classrooms.
著者
岡ノ谷 一夫
出版者
公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会
雑誌
計測と制御 (ISSN:04534662)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.9, pp.860-861, 2016-09-10 (Released:2017-04-29)
参考文献数
7
著者
秋葉 剛史
出版者
日本哲学会
雑誌
哲学 (ISSN:03873358)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2010, no.61, pp.149-164_L9, 2010

According to the widely accepted correspondence theory of truth, each atomic contingent truth has its own truth-maker, i.e., an entity existing in the world that makes contingent proposition true. And at least for the metaphysical realist, the first and obvious candidates for truth-maker are entities called &ldquo;facts&rdquo; or &ldquo;states of affairs&rdquo;. These are entities normally designated by expressions like &ldquo;<i>a</i>'s being <i>F</i>&rdquo; or &ldquo;the fact that <i>a</i> is <i>F</i>&rdquo;.<br>Although it seems natural to assume that states of affairs exist, there is a famous objection to this assumption, known as &ldquo;Bradley's regress&rdquo;. Roughly put, the objection proceeds as follows. The states of affairs are supposed to be complex entities. However, what accounts for the unity of constituents in the state of affairs, say, <i>Fa</i>? If one appeals to the exemplification relation <i>E</i> to bind the constituents <i>a</i> and <i>F</i> together, the explanatory job is not yet finished. For, in that case, the unity of <i>a</i>, <i>F</i>, and <i>E</i> now raises the same problem. It is no use to add further and further exemplification relations <i>E</i>', <i>E</i>'', <i>E</i>'''..., because each time one adds a new relation, one gets only a new explanatory task, and never the unity of <i>a</i> and <i>F</i>. Thus, since the unity of constituents cannot be accounted for, the assumption that states of affairs exist should be regarded as groundless.<br>Against this objection, F. Orilia replies as follows. Though the regress objection above seems to seriously threaten the assumption that states of affairs exist, in fact it does not. For, the thought that there is an infinite explanatory sequence does not involve any inconsistency. As for myself, I agree with him as far as his last claim is concerned, namely the claim that there is no inconsistency in the idea of infinite explanatory sequence. However, I disagree with him as far as the evaluation of the regress objection is concerned. I claim that the alleged explanatory sequence generated in the regress objection is in fact vacant in its explanatory power, and hence that this objection in any way shows the failure of explanatory task.
著者
中井 優理子 岡崎 龍太 蜂須拓 佐藤 未知 梶本 裕之
雑誌
エンタテインメントコンピューティングシンポジウム2014論文集
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2014, pp.50-54, 2014-09-12

ぬいぐるみに人とのインタラクション機能を付与する従来の提案の多くは,ぬいぐるみに音声や手足および眼球の動き,呼吸や心拍に伴う動き等を付与するものであったが,不完全に実現されたインタラクションはかえってぬいぐるみに対する没入感を損なう危険があった.今回我々はぬいぐるみに生き物感を付与する最小限の構成として,目の表面の涙のゆらぎを表現する手法を提案する.涙のゆらぎは鏡面反射によって拡大して知覚されるため,微小な動きで人に知覚させることが出来,また感情表現を行える可能性がある.今回は水中の気泡と振動子を用いるだけの簡易な手法で目のゆらぎを実装し,その効果を検証した.
著者
岡田 昌己 西山 一朗
出版者
一般社団法人 日本家政学会
雑誌
日本家政学会誌 (ISSN:09135227)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.66, no.1, pp.19-24, 2015 (Released:2015-01-01)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
1

Although the fruiting body of the brown beech mushroom (Bunashimeji, Hypsizygus marmoreus) is known to contain several proteases, the proteolytic effects of these proteases on myofibrillar proteins have not previously been examined. We prepared a crude protease fraction from the fruiting body of the brown beech mushroom and examined its proteolytic effects on pork myofibrillar proteins.   The crude protease fraction hydrolyzed the myosin heavy chain in the pH range of 4.0-10.0, whereas actin, the other major myofibrillar protein, was unsusceptible to the enzyme. Treating pork tissue with the crude protease fraction at 25℃ for 1 h caused a substantial morphological change in the surface area of the meat. These results suggest the possibility of the protease preparation being suitable as a meat tenderizer. The protease fraction prepared from the brown beech mushroom was more susceptible to being heated than that from the maitake mushroom (Grifola frondosa) fruiting body, suggesting its advantage in preventing oversoftening of the meat by rapid inactivation of the enzyme from heating during cooking.
著者
渡辺 志朗
出版者
富山大学
雑誌
基盤研究(C)
巻号頁・発行日
2018-04-01

本研究計画の最終年度においては、防己黄耆湯がマウスの肝臓内と腸管内の胆汁酸構成ならびに肝臓と糞便中の脂質濃度に及ぼす影響を評価した。基礎飼料ならびにそれに防己黄耆湯の乾燥エキス粉末を2.0%(重量)となるように添加した飼料を、雄性C57BL/6マウスに5週間に渡って自由摂取させた。防己黄耆湯を与えたマウスの飼育の最終日に排泄された糞便中のαムリコール酸の濃度が高くなり、またデオキシコール酸の濃度は低かった。ただし肝臓中の胆汁酸濃度に対しては、防己黄耆湯の影響はみられなかった。糞便中の胆汁酸構成に及ぼす防己黄耆湯の影響から、腸管内の胆汁酸の疎水性の低下が生じていると判断できた。またムリコール酸はFXRのアンタゴニストであり、デオキシコール酸がFXRのアゴニストであることから、防己黄耆湯の投与は腸管のFXR活性の低下を来しているとも推測できた。一方、防己黄耆湯を与えることで、マウスの糞便中のコレステロール濃度が高くなることもわかった。さらに防己黄耆湯は、肝臓中のコレステロールエステルとトリグリセリドの濃度を低下させることも判明した。肝臓中のコレステロール濃度は、防己黄耆湯を与えることで、低下する傾向を示した。上述のような防己黄耆湯による腸管内の胆汁酸の物理化学的ならびに生物学的な活性変動が、糞便へのコレステロール排泄の増加や、肝臓の脂質濃度低下の要因であると推測できた。以上のことから、本研究において防己黄耆湯が腸管内胆汁酸の代謝変動を介した新規の脂質代謝制御効果の機構の存在を示唆した。

2 0 0 0 OA 張交帖

出版者
巻号頁・発行日
vol.[2],
著者
山﨑 文夫
出版者
国士舘大学法学会
雑誌
國士舘法學 = Kokushikan law review (ISSN:02868911)
巻号頁・発行日
no.50, pp.195-222, 2017

目次はじめに一 性的暴行罪と虚偽申告二 痴漢事件と虚偽申告三 セクハラ民事事件と虚偽申告むすび