著者
Bing CHEN Li DONG Guangyu SHI Li-Juan LI Liang-Fu CHEN
出版者
Meteorological Society of Japan
雑誌
気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.92A, pp.157-165, 2014 (Released:2014-11-05)
参考文献数
32
被引用文献数
10 32

The estimation of the distribution of global anthropogenic heat release (AHR) from 1992 to 2009 was obtained by applying Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP)/Operational Linescan System (OLS) satellite data. The results indicate that global AHR was geographically concentrated, essentially correlating to economic activities. The anthropogenic heat flux concentrated in the economically developed areas, such as East Asia, Europe, and Eastern North America, reached a level high enough to influence regional climate. In contrast, the anthropogenic heat flux in vast areas, such as Africa, Central and North Asia, and South America, is very small. With the increases in global population and economic development, an increase in AHR was easily found. The model results show that AHR has a significant impact on surface temperature and that it is able to affect global atmospheric circulation, leading to a 1-2 K increase in the high-latitude areas of Eurasia and North America. The results show that AHR is able to affect global climate despite being limited to a region. Although the influence to global warming by AHR is not as large as greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, on a global scale, AHR is an important factor in global climate change that should not be ignored.
著者
久保井理津男著
出版者
創文社
巻号頁・発行日
2002
著者
平川 彰
出版者
大谷大学佛教学会
雑誌
佛教学セミナー = BUDDHIST SEMINAR (ISSN:02871556)
巻号頁・発行日
no.20, pp.26-44, 1974-10-31
著者
Sorn Jarukasemratana Tsuyoshi Murata
出版者
Information and Media Technologies Editorial Board
雑誌
Information and Media Technologies (ISSN:18810896)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.8, no.4, pp.944-960, 2013 (Released:2013-12-15)
参考文献数
50

Large graph visualization tools are important instruments for researchers to understand large graph data sets. Currently there are many tools available for download and use under free license, others in research papers or journals, each with its own functionalities and capabilities. This review focuses on giving an introduction to those large graph visualization tools and emphasizes their advantages over other tools. Criteria for selection of the tools being reviewed are it was recently published (2009 or later), or a new version was released during the last two years. The tools being reviewed in this paper are igraph, Gephi, Cytoscape, Tulip, WiGis, CGV, VisANT, Pajek, In Situ Framework, Honeycomb and two visualization toolkits which are JavaScript InfoVis Toolkit and GraphGL. The last part of the review presents our suggestion on building large graph visualization platform based on advantages of tools and toolkits that are being reviewed.
著者
塩原 泰
出版者
東京水産大学
巻号頁・発行日
1998

東京水産大学博士学位論文 平成10年度(1998) 海洋生産学 課程博士 甲第176号
著者
今田 絵里香
出版者
日本教育社会学会
雑誌
教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.70, pp.185-202, 2002-05-15 (Released:2011-03-18)
参考文献数
11

This paper aims to clarify the image of the girl among the new urban middle class, which had a great influence in society, using analysis of the image of girls that appeared in mass-consumption culture, and especially which arose in the girl's magazine culture. In our analysis of columns in a girl's magazine, we assumed that the interaction between the editors of the magazine and its readers constructed the image of the girl in the magazine. Specifically, the readers' column of the magazineShojo-no-Tomofrom 1931 to 1945 was analyzed.The results are as follows. In the 1930s, a “girls network” among the readers was organized inShojo-no-Tomo.Through this network, readers corresponded with each other in the columns and met at regular readers' parties. The readers were united under the concept of girlishness, especially pureness, and for a concrete thirst for culture and arts. This girlishness, with its “purity, ” was constructed in opposition to the “dirty” “adults, ” and took precedence over adults. However, from the endof the 1930s, in the midst of the war, editors and the surrounding adults started to condemn “girlishness, ” and in response, the girls themselves changed their image to one of “Japanese girls” who served the country with patriotism. However, the image remained one constructed against “adults.”Therefore, there was continuitybetween the “girl” of the 1930s and the “Japanese girl” of that era.The process of change during the War indicates two facts. First, “girls” came tobe admired for their ability to work, and secondly, the idea of “girlishness” had become defective.
著者
STARRS Roy
出版者
International Research Center for Japanese Studies
雑誌
Nichibunken Japan review : Jourmal of the International Research Center for Japanese Studies
巻号頁・発行日
vol.18, pp.181-213, 2006-01-01

During the fourteen years that Lafcadio Hearn alias Koizumi Yakumolived in Japan (Meiji 23-37, 1890-1904), his attitude toward nationalismunderwent a profound change. Before his arrival in Japan the only kindof nationalism evinced in his writings was in the gentle tradition of theold romantic Herderian school, a purely cultural nationalism?morespecifically, a nostalgic attachment to “dying” folk cultures such as those ofthe American and Caribbean Creoles. But his encounter with Meiji Japanturned him into an aggressive modern state nationalist, to the extent eventhat he adopted the Japanese cause against China and Russia. How canwe account for this dramatic transformation? On the one hand, it seemsobvious that the atmosphere of rising nationalism in late Meiji Japan hada profound impact on Hearn. But I would also argue that Hearn’s pre-Japan immersion in the Herderian struggle to save or at least memorialize“dying cultures” laid the ground for his “conversion” to an aggressive formof modern state nationalism vis-?-vis Japan, which at that time, like theCreole nations writ large, seemed threatened with cultural extinction.
出版者
啓明会事務所
巻号頁・発行日
vol.第5号, 1926
著者
宮崎 繁樹
出版者
明治大学法律研究所
雑誌
法律論叢 (ISSN:03895947)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.81, no.4, pp.368-311, 2009-03
著者
柏木 健司 瀬之口 祥孝 阿部 勇治 吉田 勝次
出版者
一般社団法人 日本地質学会
雑誌
地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.118, no.8, pp.521-526, 2012-08-15 (Released:2012-12-19)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
1

This paper describes Saru-ana Cave, located along Kurobe Gorge in the Kanetsuri area, eastern Toyama Prefecture, central Japan. Saru-ana Cave (total passage length, ca. 120 m; relative height, ca. 40 m) opens onto a steeply inclined cliff face, 75 m above the bed of the Kurobe River. The cave consists of horizontal to inclined rooms and vertical shafts. Speleothems in the cave, although not abundant, include cave corals, flowstones, soda straws, stalactites, and a stalagmite. Fossil specimens of six Japanese Macaque individuals (Macaca fuscata) were collected from the cave for paleontological investigation.
著者
河合 光久 瀬戸山 裕美 高田 敏彦 清水 健介 佐藤 美紀子 眞鍋 勝行 牧野 孝 渡邉 治 吉岡 真樹 野中 千秋 久代 明 池邨 治夫
出版者
公益財団法人 腸内細菌学会
雑誌
腸内細菌学雑誌 (ISSN:13430882)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.25, no.3, pp.181-187, 2011 (Released:2011-09-06)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
2

便秘傾向で60歳以上の健常成人男女58名(平均年齢68.8±5.3歳)に,Bifidobacterium breveヤクルト株が製品1個あたり1.0×1010 cfu含まれるはっ酵乳(商品名 ミルミル)を連続4週間摂取するオープン試験を実施した.被験者は排便日数が週に3から5日で,便の硬めな(便の水分含量が70%未満)人を選択した.はっ酵乳(試験食品)の4週間摂取は,排便量の増加を伴った排便回数および排便日数の有意な増加を示した(各々p<0.0001).さらに3日間以上連続で排便のなかった被験者の割合も試験食品摂取により低下した(p=0.013).しかし,便の硬さを表す便性状スコア(Bristol stool scale)の評価では,試験食品の摂取によって平均スコアに変化は認められなかった.症状の程度を5段階で評価した排便時の症状および腹部症状スコアに対し,試験食品はいきみおよび残便感の平均スコアを低下し(各々p=0.022および0.0002),症状の軽減が示唆されたが,腹痛および腹部膨満感のスコアには顕著な変化はみられなかった.色素を経口摂取してから便中に色素が検出されるまでの時間(腸管通過時間)を観察したところ,色素の滞留時間は摂取前後で変化はみられなかった.以上の結果より,連続4週間のB.breveヤクルト株を含むビフィズス菌はっ酵乳の摂取は,便秘傾向な60歳以上の健常な男女において排便量の増加を促し,排便頻度の増加および排便リズムを安定化させる便秘改善効果が示唆された.また,排便時のいきみや残便感の症状を改善する可能性も示唆された.
著者
楠見 友輔
出版者
一般社団法人 日本特殊教育学会
雑誌
特殊教育学研究 (ISSN:03873374)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.4, pp.213-222, 2016
被引用文献数
1

本稿では、異なる学校や学級に在籍する障害児と健常児の直接的交流を射程とし、わが国の交流教育に関する研究の課題と今後の展望を示した。筆者は交流教育の先行研究をその目的によって、1. 交流経験とその効果の関係を検証する研究、2. 交流の実施状況や交流に対する意識の実態の調査、3. 実践の開発を志向した事例分析、4. 交流計画や実践の報告の4領域に整理し、その知見をまとめた。今後の展望は4点に整理された。第一は、形式・内容・構造の違いによる目的・効果の差異を考慮することである。第二は、集団間接触理論の知見との結合により、効果的な交流の条件を解明することである。第三は、事例研究と態度研究の併用によって、交流の過程と効果の関係を明らかにすることである。第四は、障害児と健常児の交流機会を継続的に確保し、全学校種・障害種における交流の効果や有効な方法を検討することである。