著者

大野 喜美子

出版者

日本精神衛生学会

雑誌

こころの健康 (ISSN:09126945)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.2, pp.14-24, 1999-11-30 (Released:2011-03-02)

参考文献数

10

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造形活動による児童の心の発達促進という視点から, 小学校児童243名に「家族に対する自由イメージ描画」「自分に対する自由イメージ描画」の実践をした結果を報告する。「家族イメージ」が攻撃的, 自己否定的なものは, 保護者の放任, 過度の進学熱, 欲求不満, 父母の離婚を経験している。明るいものは安定した家庭である。「自己イメージ」も攻撃的, 自己否定的なものは保護者の放任, 過度の進学熱, 学校不適応, 母親の超多忙などの児童である。幸福感に満ちているものは進学塾などの時間に追われることなく, 自分のペースで生きている。「自由画に表現できない児童」もいるが, かれらは背後に大きな問題を抱えている。年々, 攻撃的, 暴力的, 自己否定的なものや, 表現できない児童が増加している。これらは児童を取りまく環境の変化に影響されている。特に過度の学歴偏重, 女性の社会進出に対する支援態勢の無さによる児童へのしわ寄せがある。

著者

吉川 茂樹 北 裕幸 田中 英一 長谷川 淳

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌B(電力・エネルギー部門誌) (ISSN:03854213)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.125, no.12, pp.1137-1145, 2005 (Released:2006-03-01)

参考文献数

23

被引用文献数

3 2 4

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The authors have proposed the Flexible, Reliable and Intelligent ENergy Delivery System (FRIENDS) as a concept of future electric power systems. The concept of FRIENDS takes into account the deregulation of the electric power industry and progress of technologies such as power electronics, distributed generators (DG), distributed energy storage systems (ESS), information and communication. One of the most important characteristics of FRIENDS is that new facilities called Quality Control Centers (QCC) are installed between distribution systems and electric consumers.This paper presents a methodology for DSM based on a real-time pricing system through the information and communication network in FRIENDS. The economic use of DG and ESS in QCC is also considered in the proposed DSM. The sigmoid logistic function is used for modeling the real-time pricing system and a couple of parameters in the function are optimized by the Genetic Algorithm so that the profit of QCC is maximized. The effectiveness of the proposed DSM is ascertained by evaluating the profit or the load factor of QCC through simulations using model systems.

著者

峯田 周幸

出版者

耳鼻咽喉科展望会

雑誌

耳鼻咽喉科展望 (ISSN:03869687)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.1, pp.8-16, 2012 (Released:2013-02-15)

参考文献数

29

著者

Yasuhiro Ito Akira Miyauchi Minoru Kihara Takuya Higashiyama Kaoru Kobayashi Akihiro Miya

出版者

(社)日本内分泌学会

雑誌

Endocrine Journal (ISSN:09188959)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.5, pp.491-497, 2014 (Released:2014-05-31)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

5 17

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Among the several prognostic factors of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), age is the most prominent. It is well known that elderly PTC patients have poorer prognoses. Here we investigated the prognostic impact of young age in univariate and multivariate analyses. We retrospectively analyzed 5,733 PTC patients without distant metastasis at presentation, who underwent initial surgery at Kuma Hospital. The median follow-up period was 150 months. We classified the patients into three groups: young (< 30 years), middle-aged (30−59), and older patients (≥ 60 years). The tumor size was larger and clinical node positivity was higher in the young patients, and significant extrathyroid extension was higher in the older patients compared to the other two groups. In the univariate analysis, the young patients showed poorer extrathyroidal locoregional and distant recurrence rates than the middle-aged patients, but not cause-specific survival rates. In the multivariate analysis, age < 30 years was an independent or marginal predictor of extrathyroidal locoregional and distant recurrence, but not of carcinoma-related death. Age ≥ 60 years independently affected PTC recurrence and death. Taken together, we should carefully treat young PTC patients because of the likeliness of extrathyroidal locoregional and distant recurrence, which may not be life-threatening.

著者

瀬理 祐 庄田 宏文 松本 功 住田 孝之 藤尾 圭志 山本 一彦

出版者

日本臨床免疫学会

雑誌

日本臨床免疫学会会誌 (ISSN:09114300)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.3, pp.154-159, 2014 (Released:2014-06-30)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

2

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関節リウマチ(rheumatoid arthritis; RA)は全身の慢性,破壊性の多関節炎を主症状とする代表的な自己免疫疾患である.病態形成において様々な遺伝,環境因子の関与が示唆されているが,依然として詳細な機序は不明である.最近,RAの疾患感受性遺伝子として約100種類が報告されたが,Peptidylarginine deiminase type4(PADI4)はRAのgenome-wide association studyによってnon-MHC遺伝子のRA感受性遺伝子として本邦より初めて報告され,様々な疾患の遺伝学的解析と併せてRAとの特異的な関連が示唆されている.現在,PADI4はアジア人や欧米人の一部でもRAとの関連が示され,アジア人ではanti citrullinated peptide antibody(ACPA)の有無に関わらず骨破壊の危険因子となることも報告された.PADI4遺伝子はシトルリン化による翻訳後修飾能を有するPAD4蛋白をコードする.PADI4は骨髄球,顆粒球といった血球系細胞で特異的に発現している.PADI4のRA感受性ハプロタイプではmRNAの安定性が増すことでPAD4蛋白が増加することが示唆されている.従来,RAにおけるACPAの特異性から,PAD4蛋白の増加に伴うシトルリン化蛋白の過剰産生とACPAの誘導といった仮説が注目されてきた.しかし,PADI4は核内移行シグナルを有することで様々な遺伝子発現の制御やneutrophil extracellular trapsの形成に関与し,RAの病態形成において多彩な役割を担う可能性が示唆される.本項ではPADI4の機能とRAにおける役割のまとめ,考察を行う.

著者

能登谷 晶子 鈴木 重忠 岡部 陽三 古川 仭

出版者

一般社団法人 日本耳鼻咽喉科学会

雑誌

日本耳鼻咽喉科学会会報 (ISSN:00306622)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.97, no.7, pp.1207-1210, 1994 (Released:2008-03-19)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

1

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A 6-years 9-month-old child with congenital severely hearing impaired received a Nucleus 22 channel implant. Twenty-two CG electrodes are now in use. In the 5 months since the cochlear implant, the patient has made good progress. Her vowel discrimination score has reached 100%. However, her consonant discrimination has remained at the chance level. On the other hand, auditory reception of environmental sounds has shown relative improvement. Problems encountered in pediatric use of the cochlear implant are also discussed herein.

著者

宮道 和成

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.3, pp.154-156, 2012-03-01 (Released:2013-03-01)

参考文献数

7

著者

石鍋 孝夫

出版者

公益社団法人 高分子学会

雑誌

高分子 (ISSN:04541138)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.217-221, 1981-03-01 (Released:2011-09-21)

参考文献数

61

著者

千葉 晶彦 花田 修治 渡辺 貞夫

出版者

社団法人 日本金属学会

雑誌

日本金属学会会報 (ISSN:00214426)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.1, pp.12-18, 1991-01-20 (Released:2011-08-10)

参考文献数

42

被引用文献数

2 2

著者

Ikuo Taniguchi Daichi Ioh Shigenori Fujikawa Takayuki Watanabe Yosuke Matsukuma Masaki Minemoto

出版者

(社)日本化学会

雑誌

Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.140508, (Released:2014-07-01)

被引用文献数

6

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CO2 capture with liquid amine scrubbing has received current acceptance, however, the energy intensive heating process in CO2 recovery has to look for an alternate effective CO2 separation methods. Condensation of CO2-trapping solutions by electrodialysis and successive CO2 recoverly under reduced pressure would decrease the required energy in the CO2 capture drastically. Energy calculations and basic experiments reveal that the required energy can be reduced to less than 2.0 GJ/t-CO2, which is about a half of the energy with aqueous monoethanol amine.

著者

竹ノ下 弘久

出版者

関東社会学会

雑誌

年報社会学論集 (ISSN:09194363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2004, no.17, pp.202-213, 2004-08-10 (Released:2010-04-21)

参考文献数

24

被引用文献数

1

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This paper aims to clarify the causal relationship between Chinese migrants' education and their income in Japan. I focus on the comparison between educational attainment in China and that in Japan. The result of my research shows that educational credentials obtained in Japan have a significant effect on the income of Chinese migrants and that there is a significant mutual relation between their Chinese and Japanese educational credentials in terms of income determination.

出版者

数理社会学会

雑誌

理論と方法 (ISSN:09131442)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.17, no.2, pp.237-251, 2002-10-31 (Released:2009-02-10)

著者

片桐 新自

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.3, pp.394-396, 1994-12-30 (Released:2010-01-27)

著者

長谷川 公一

出版者

日本法社会学会/有斐閣

雑誌

法社会学 (ISSN:04376161)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1989, no.41, pp.159-163, 1989-04-20 (Released:2009-01-15)

参考文献数

4

著者

渡辺 登

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.4, pp.511-512, 1997-03-30 (Released:2009-10-13)

著者

Yuichi Yoshida Nobuyuki Irie Tran Duy Vinh Mitsuo Ooyama Yoshiyuki Tanaka Ken-ichiro Yasuba Tanjuro Goto

出版者

園芸学会

雑誌

Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science (ISSN:18823351)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CH-107, (Released:2014-07-04)

被引用文献数

2 14

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To understand the factors affecting the incidence of blossom-end rot (BER), the effect of the Ca/K ratio (4/12–12/4, in me·L–1) in nutrient solutions and Ca concentration in fractions in the distal part of young tomato fruits immediately before BER symptoms appear were investigated for three seasons. The rate of BER incidence increased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio in the supplied solutions in the summer and spring, but little difference was observed in the winter. Ca concentration was highest in winter and lowest in summer, and the concentration in fractions decreased with a decrease in the Ca/K ratio of the solutions. When the results of all three experiments were pooled, among the fractions, water-soluble Ca concentration was found to have the highest significance in the relationship to BER incidence. The risk of BER incidence in rapidly growing tomato increased to a critical level when water-soluble Ca in the distal part of the fresh fruit decreased to less than 0.20 μmol·g–1 FW. Multiple-regression analysis revealed that the concentration of water-soluble Ca, which is predominantly recovering apoplastic or cytoplasmic Ca2+, and total Ca, which has been translocated during fruit development, are significantly affected by solar radiation and Ca concentration in the supplied solution rather than air temperature.

著者

佐藤 正平 狩野 均

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能学会論文誌 (ISSN:13460714)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.25, no.2, pp.311-319, 2010 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

2

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In this paper, we propose a new method to obtain the transition rules of two-dimensional cellular automata (CA) that performs grayscale image processing. CA has the advantages of producing complex systems from the local interaction of simple elements, and has attracted increased research interest. The difficulty of designing CA's transition rules to perform a particular task has severely limited their applications. So, the evolutionary design of CA rules has been studied. In this method, an evolutionary algorithm was used to evolve CA. In recent years, this method has been applied to image processing. Rosin has studied the evolutionary design of two-dimensional CA to perform noise reduction, thinning and convex hulls. Batouche et al. and Slatnia et al. employed genetic algorithm to investigate the possibility of CA to perform edge detection. In the previous methods, 2-state CA was used for binary image processing. Unlike the previous methods, the present method uses 256-state CA rules to perform grayscale image processing. Gene Expression Programming (GEP) proposed by Ferreira is employed as a learning algorithm in which the chromosomes encode the transition rules as expression trees. Experimental results for the reduction of impulse noise, salt-and-pepper noise and gaussian noise show that the proposed method is equivalent to previous methods in performance and more than 100 times faster than the method proposed by Rosin. We show that the rule obtained by the proposed method employs symmetry-based strategy in the noise reduction process and this property can reduce complexity of CA.

著者

渡部 朋子 渡部 一郎

出版者

バイオフィリア リハビリテーション学会

雑誌

バイオフィリア リハビリテーション研究 (ISSN:13475568)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.4, no.1, pp.1-4, 2007-08-25 (Released:2008-01-17)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1

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メタボリックシンドロームは,若年期から継続されてきた食•運動習慣によるところが大きい.大学生を対象に,アンケートによる身体,運動,食行動等の調査を行い,若年者の腹囲と食習慣の関係を腹囲要注意群と正常群に分け検討する.腹囲は身長,体重,ヒップ,BMI,最高血圧,肩甲骨下部皮下脂肪厚と有意に相関した.腹囲要注意群と正常群との比較検討において,最高血圧では腹囲要注意群が正常群より有意に高く,すでにメタボリックシンドロームの危険性を示していた.内臓脂肪の減少には,バランスの取れた食事と運動が大切であり,夜間間食をしないことが,有用であることが示された.

著者

山田 高敬

出版者

財団法人 日本国際政治学会

雑誌

国際政治 (ISSN:04542215)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2004, no.137, pp.45-65,L9, 2004-06-19 (Released:2010-09-01)

参考文献数

75

被引用文献数

1

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The challenges of global governance in the contemporary world are becoming increasingly complex in that solutions to many global issues ranging from poverty alleviation to environmental protection require the reformulation of the relationships among many competing policy goals. To the extent that such a reformulation of policy goals requires a change in a global public order (GPO), what makes the transformation of a GPO possible? More importantly, what kind of social mechanism is at work in creating a new “common knowledge” which integrates a new policy goal into the previous one? Is the same mechanism in effect for the entire process of GPO transformation?These are precisely the questions that this paper purports to answer. In so doing, it draws on the growing theoretical literature of constructivism with particular emphasis on the process of “socialization.” While “socialization” is generally believed to have two distinct mechanisms, namely “social influence” and “social persuasion, ” this paper argues that it is the combination and sequencing of these mechanisms that holds the key to the transformation of the existing GPO. It hypothesizes that a GPO is transformed in three evolutionary stages; at the first stage, a challenge is posed by a network of NGOs to the existing GPO through social influence; at the second stage, a new, more comprehensive GPO is germinated by stakeholder representatives through social persuasion, and at the final stage, the new GPO becomes propagated to the critical stakeholders through the mechanism of “social elucidation, ” which is a variant of social influence. Moreover, the paper argues that a different set of organizations is either used or created at each stage of development. For instance, at the second stage, a small, but inclusive organization is created to promote social learning among stakeholders' representatives.This evolutionary logic is then illustrated through a case study, which empirically traces the process that led to the formation of the World Commission on Dams (WCD), and to the creation of the Dams and Development Project (DDP) within UNEP. The former set the guidelines for the construction of large dams, and the latter “reinterpreted” them within each national context.The paper concludes with theoretical implications, which point to the fallacy of searching for a single covering law in explaining actors' behavior, often found in rational-choice theories, the fallacy of prescribing only one “optimal” organizational design, and also the myth of international anarchy in the world, which is increasingly characterized by various nongovernmental networks of “complex governance.”

著者

酒井 朗 上山 敏 永田 晴子 長谷川 秀一 米山 泰夫 伊藤 茂樹 保坂 亨

出版者

大妻女子大学人間生活文化研究所

雑誌

人間生活文化研究 (ISSN:21871930)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2013, no.23, pp.246-257, 2013 (Released:2013-09-19)

参考文献数

3

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本学教職総合支援センターでは,本学ならびに首都圏にある他の3つの大学で教職課程を履修する学生を対象に,教職に対する意識と学習への取り組みに関する質問紙調査を2012年秋に実施した.具体的な調査項目は,教職への動機付けの高さ,学習に対する取り組み,教員に期待される資質や能力の修得の度合いの3点についてである.回答した7割の学生は教職に就くことを志望しており,3割は高校生の頃に教職を志望するようになったと回答した.また,大半の学生は専門科目の授業も教職科目の授業も熱心に取り組んでいるが,自ら情報を得たり教育関連の本を読むことは少ない.さらに,学生たちは,同僚教員からの意見やアドバイスに耳を傾ける姿勢や担当教科の内容の修得度などについて,自身の力量を高く評価していることが分かった.