著者

Yoshitaka NAKANISHI Shou HOSOKAWA Yuta NAKASHIMA

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

Journal of Biomechanical Science and Engineering (ISSN:18809863)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20-00531, (Released:2021-07-30)

参考文献数

30

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Various effects have been observed when a slimy fluid is held in palmar skin. The observed effects include friction control of the skin and cleansing and moisturizing of the skin. However, few reports exist regarding the changes in the emotional state of persons when a slimy fluid is held in their palmar skin, even though the viscosity properties of the fluid affect emotional changes. Thus, this study investigates the emotional changes due to holding slimy fluid in the palmar skin by evaluating heart rate variability (HRV) and sensibility. Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids, with viscosities ranging from 0.01 to 100 Pa·s, were prepared. Eight male subjects in their 20s soaked their palms in the slimy fluid without seeing it. At the room temperature of 25 °C, the subjects moved their palms freely for 1 min. They were allowed to rub their palms together. During the experiments, the HRV was recorded. A frequency analysis was performed for estimating autonomic nerve activity. After holding the fluid, the subjects were asked to provide feedback through the semantic differential method. Significant changes in autonomic nerve activations were observed when the subjects soaked their palms in the slimy fluid. The high viscosity Newtonian fluid reduced the parasympathetic nervous system activity. These changes in the psychophysiological indexes influenced the feelings of the subjects ascertained according to the semantic differential method. A relationship between the characteristic of the slimy fluid and a psychophysiological index can improve the efficiency when developing products exposed to human skin.

著者

戸田 健司

出版者

公益社団法人 電気化学会

雑誌

Electrochemistry (ISSN:13443542)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.79, no.9, pp.711-715, 2011 (Released:2012-03-30)

参考文献数

22

著者

浜端 喬

出版者

独立行政法人 日本貿易振興機構アジア経済研究所

雑誌

ラテンアメリカ・レポート (ISSN:09103317)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.2, pp.78-84, 2021 (Released:2021-01-31)

参考文献数

9

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2020年3月18日、ニカラグアで初めて新型コロナウイルス(Covid-19)の感染が確認された。それから8カ月が経過した11月18日時点のニカラグア保健省(MINSA)発表の累計感染者は、4583名、うち死者数159名である。オルテガ政権の感染防止に対するこれまでの消極的な対応や医療崩壊の現状をかんがみると、この数値は現状からかけ離れているとして国内外から批判されている。これまでオルテガ政権は、政府の対応を批判する国内の医師を公立病院から解雇するなど強権的な対応を行い、新型コロナウイルス関連情報を隠蔽していると批判されている。しかし、この8カ月のあいだにニカラグア国内の医師などの有志で構成された市民監視団体が独自の新型コロナウイルス感染疑い者数を発表し、さらに国際ハッカー集団「Anonymous」がMINSAの非公表情報をリークした。これまで明らかになってきた情報をもとに、ニカラグアにおける新型コロナウイルスの感染状況およびオルテガ政権の取組みを検証していく。

著者

阿部 隆之 谷 英樹 松浦 善治

出版者

日本DDS学会

雑誌

Drug Delivery System (ISSN:09135006)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.24, no.6, pp.608-615, 2009 (Released:2010-02-16)

参考文献数

27

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バキュロウイルスは,環状の二本鎖DNAを遺伝子に持っている昆虫を宿主とするウイルスであり,現在,大腸菌発現系と同様にさまざまな組換え蛋白質の発現系システムとして広く汎用されている.その一方で,近年,複製はしないが,広範囲な哺乳動物細胞にも感染できることが示され,新しい遺伝子導入ベクターとしての有用性が期待されている.これまでに,筆者らは,バキュロウイルスのウイルスベクターワクチンとしての評価を検討したところ,バキュロウイルス自身に哺乳動物細胞に自然免疫応答を誘発できることを見いだした.近年同定された,自然免疫認識分子であるToll様受容体は,さまざまな病原微生物由来の構成因子を認識し,炎症性サイトカインやインターフェロンを誘発して生体防御反応に寄与することが知られている.さまざまなToll様受容体およびそのシグナルアダプター分子であるMyD88を欠損した免疫細胞内では,バキュロウイルス感染に伴う炎症性サイトカインの産生が著しく減少することが示されたが,インターフェロンの産生は正常であることが確認された.Toll様受容体非依存的にインターフェロンを産生する分子としてRNAヘリケースであるRIG-IおよびMDA5が同定され,さまざまなRNAおよびDNAウイルス感染に対するインターフェロンの発現制御に関与していることが報告されている.しかしながら,バキュロウイルスによるインターフェロンの産生はこれらRNAヘリケースにも非依存的であることが示され,既報のシグナル経路とは異なる機序にてインターフェロンの産生が制御されている可能性が示唆された.

著者

山村 亜希

出版者

The Human Geographical Society of Japan

雑誌

人文地理 (ISSN:00187216)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.6, pp.576-596, 2002-12-28 (Released:2009-04-28)

参考文献数

122

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Many historians and archaeologists have studied the spatial structures of early medieval cities and they have proposed two different ideas. Some studies have insisted that the spaces of early medieval cities consisted of complex and decentralized structures. On the other hand, some researchers have taken the spaces of the cities to embody a concentric circle model consisting of a 'center' and a 'periphery'. They have represented the model as follows; the locally powerful in early medieval cities had complete control over the 'center' of cities, but they could not control the people and economic and religious functions on the 'periphery' of cities. Most studies have accepted both of these ideas without question. However, there is a significant difference between the two ideas, since they might not be applied to the same spatial structures simultaneously. The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the ideas of the spatial structure of early medieval cities and reveal the structures.To accomplish this task, this paper focuses on the case of Bungo Kokufu, which is represented in a set of laws promulgated in the 13th century. The laws are quite famous among historians because they apparently suggest the existence of a prosperous town and the strong influence of the locally powerful over the center of the city. For that reason, Bungo Kokufu has been regarded as a typical city embodying the model of 'center' and 'periphery'. Most researchers believe that the suggested image of the city is the real spatial structure of Bungo Kokufu, and have too easily applied the image of Bungo Kokufu to the other early medieval cities. However, it has not been substantiated whether the image corresponds to the real spatial structure. This paper aims to reconstruct the real morphology and function of Bungo Kokufu in the 13th century without relying on the image of the laws.The second section of the paper sets forth the distribution of the facilities and functions of Bungo Kokufu and examines the changing process of morphology and function in medieval times. Before the laws were promulgated, there were two separate areas in the cities. One was a political and religious area which inherited the function of the ancient local government, and the other was an important outer port for the political area. Facilities such as shrines, temples and residences were located near those two areas and some local warriors and shrines came to power in those two areas. The locally powerful Otomo, who promulgated the laws, had not yet controlled the whole city. The real spatial structure in the 13th century was complex and decentralized. After the laws were promulgated, the distribution of facilities expanded towards the natural levee of the Oita river, but the basic spatial structure did not change. Otomo had started to control the political and harbor functions, but many other locally powerful stubbornly resisted him. Otomo still could not have a strong influence over the city. The prosperous and active town as represented in the laws actually developed only after 16th century. In the end, total control over the city by Otomo was not been achieved in medieval times. That is to say, the real spatial structure and actual status of power of Otomo was different from the image suggested in laws.So, why were such laws promulgated by Otomo? The third section shows the purpose of the laws, examining the political and social contexts of the 13th century where Otomo is situated. The Otomo clan was high-ranking bureaucracy of the Kamakura shogunate, and it originally ruled the lands and economic bases near Kamakura, which was apart from Bungo. Since the late 12th century, Otomo had been given the right to control Bungo from the shogunate, but Otomo still had been working at the capitals, Kyo and Kamakura, as an elite bureaucracy without living in Bungo. In the mid 13th century, the political situation changed.

著者

中奥 由里子 水本 智咲 萩原 麻衣 奥野 知子 松井 大

出版者

一般社団法人 日本脳卒中学会

雑誌

脳卒中 (ISSN:09120726)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.36, no.5, pp.361-365, 2014 (Released:2014-09-25)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

1

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要旨:症例は69 歳男性.胸腹水貯留,好酸球増多の原因精査中に多発性脳梗塞を発症した.基礎疾患はT 細胞性リンパ腫と診断でき,リンパ腫に付随した好酸球増多であった.頭部MRI では大脳皮質・皮質下の境界領域,小脳半球などに多発する微小梗塞を認めた.好酸球増多症候群の1 症状としての脳梗塞と考え,ステロイドパルス療法を施行し,反応性に好酸球数が低下した.T 細胞性リンパ腫に対し化学療法を施行するも奏功せず,DIC を発症し多臓器不全となり死亡に至った.剖検では脳の血管内・実質には好酸球の浸潤を認めなかった.好酸球増多による脳梗塞の病理学的症例報告は少なく,貴重な症例と考え報告する.

著者

吉田 充 三好 恵子 堀端 薫 水上 裕造 竹中 真紀子 安井 明美

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品科学工学会

雑誌

日本食品科学工学会誌 (ISSN:1341027X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.58, no.11, pp.525-530, 2011-11-15 (Released:2011-12-31)

参考文献数

14

被引用文献数

12 13

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日本人の主食である炊飯米からのアクリルアミド摂取寄与を推定するために,炊飯米に関して臭素化誘導体化GC-MS法による低濃度での定量分析法を確立し,アクリルアミドの測定を行った.本分析法の玄米おけるLOQは0.20 μg/kg,LODは0.09 μg/kg,発芽玄米では,LOQは0.17 μg/kg,LODは0.07 μg/kg,精白米では,0.14 μg/kg,LODは0.06 μg/kgであった.2種類の家庭用炊飯装置で炊飯を行った結果,米に生じたアクリルアミドの濃度は,発芽玄米,玄米,精白米の順であった.IH真空圧力炊き炊飯器の1機種を用いた炊飯ではいずれの米の場合も,電子ジャー炊飯器の1機種を用いた炊飯よりもアクリルアミド濃度は低く,業務用炊飯装置の1機種による炊飯ではさらにアクリルアミド濃度は低かった.この炊飯器の違いによるアクリルアミド濃度の差は,炊飯時の温度履歴の違いと高温になる鍋肌の材質の違いによると考えられた.本測定結果を日本人の炊飯米の摂取量と合わせて考えると,他の食品を含めたアクリルアミドの摂取量全体に対して,炊飯した精白米からのアクリルアミド摂取の寄与は小さいことが確認された.玄米および発芽玄米についても,IH真空圧力炊き炊飯器や業務用炊飯器で炊飯すれば,アクリルアミド摂取に対する寄与率は小さいが,焦げを生じさせるとその寄与はアクリルアミドの摂取源の一つとして無視できないものとなり得る.

著者

篠原 純司

出版者

一般社団法人 日本アスレティックトレーニング学会

雑誌

日本アスレティックトレーニング学会誌 (ISSN:24326623)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, no.2, pp.127-133, 2018-04-30 (Released:2019-01-10)

参考文献数

50

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Sports-related ankle sprains are extremely common among physically active population. An acute lateral ankle sprain typically causes pain, swelling, tenderness, and instability at the joint. The previous history of at least one ankle sprain has been identified as the strongest predictor of recurrent ankle sprains. It has been reported that the recurrent rate of ankle sprains exceeds 70%. Early injury management and proper follow-up care can help the healing process and reduce the risk of recurrent ankle sprains. In spite of these facts, many individuals who have suffered with ankle sprains do not seek medical treatment from a health care provider. Unfortunately, after the first ankle sprain, many individuals experience recurrent ankle sprains and suffer residual symptoms. Experiencing repetitive ankle sprains cause alteration in ankle joint mechanics and functions due to repeated disruptions in the structural integrity of the ankle, and it can lead to long-term consequences such as decreased health related quality of life and physical activity level throughout their lifetime. Furthermore, it has been reported that repetitive ankle sprains increase the risk of developing early onset post-traumatic osteoarthritis at the ankle. This evidence-based review explains overview of sports-related ankle sprain, residual symptoms associated with ankle sprains, and prevention of recurrent ankle sprains.

著者

加賀 秀治

出版者

公益社団法人 日本コンクリート工学会

雑誌

コンクリート工学 (ISSN:03871061)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.7, pp.12-19, 1983-07-01 (Released:2013-04-26)

被引用文献数

2 4

著者

舌津 智之

出版者

一般財団法人 日本英文学会

雑誌

英文学研究 (ISSN:00393649)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, pp.244-248, 2007-11-20 (Released:2017-04-10)

著者

蓮尾 一郎 末永 幸平

出版者

公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会

雑誌

計測と制御 (ISSN:04534662)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.12, pp.1080-1085, 2014-12-10 (Released:2017-04-29)

参考文献数

4

著者

Kazuya Nagasawa

出版者

The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology

雑誌

Species Diversity (ISSN:13421670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.137-143, 2021-06-17 (Released:2021-06-17)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

4

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Specimens of two species of lernaeopodid copepods, Salmincola edwardsii (Olsson, 1869) and Salmincola markewitschi Shedko and Shedko, 2002, were collected from chars (Salvelinus spp.) reared in exhibition tanks of the Sapporo Salmon Museum, Hokkaido, Japan. Descriptions of these copepods are provided using the specimens. In 1988, adult females of S. edwardsii were found on the gills of southern Asian Dolly Varden, Salvelinus malma krascheninnikova Taranetz, 1933, and those of S. markewitschi in the buccal cavity of whitespotted char, Salvelinus leucomaenis (Pallas, 1814), Nikko char, Salvelinus leucomaenis pluvius (Hilgendorf, 1876), and brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill, 1814). These copepods are considered to have been introduced to the museum in the late 1980s along with wild chars transported live from natural waters of Hokkaido. Adult copepods have been manually removed using forceps once or twice a year from reared chars, but such infrequent practices have not been effective to eliminate S. markewitschi, which was thus collected again in 2020. In contrast, S. edwardsii was completely eliminated by stopping rearing an infected population of southern Asian Dolly Varden, to which this parasite is host-specific.

著者

Yuzo Ota Hisanori Kohtsuka Katsuhiko Tanaka

出版者

The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology

雑誌

Species Diversity (ISSN:13421670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.207-216, 2021-09-10 (Released:2021-09-10)

参考文献数

32

被引用文献数

1

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Adult male and larva of Gnathia capitellum sp. nov. (Crustacea: Isopoda: Gnathiidae) are described. The specimens were laboratory-reared larvae that infested host fishes collected by longline fishing in a coastal bay of Izu Peninsula and adult males found in dredge samples from shallow water (depth: 11–12 m) of Miura Peninsula, central Japan. Adult males of G. capitellum sp. nov. were easily distinguished from the other species of Gnathia Leach, 1814 from around the world by the small oval head and the inner margin of pylopod without plumose setae. Most other Gnathia species have a large rectangular head and plumose setae present on the article 1 of pylopod. Appearance of the adult male resembles the genus Afrignathia Hadfield and Smit, 2008 rather than Gnathia but Afrignathia has maxilla 1 which is absent in all known male gnathiids in the world including G. capitellum sp. nov. Fish parasitic larva of G. capitellum sp. nov. is also described herein. This larva closely resembles larvae of the genus Gnathia, but can be distinguished from the other Gnathia species by the remarkably oval-shaped basis in pereopods 2–4.

著者

Ken-ichi Okumura Zhe Zhao

出版者

The Japanese Society of Systematic Zoology

雑誌

Species Diversity (ISSN:13421670)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.26, no.2, pp.235-240, 2021-09-10 (Released:2021-09-10)

参考文献数

11

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This study describes a new species of the subfamily Coelotinae (Agelenidae) from Kinki district, central Japan, under the name of Coelotes nojimai sp. nov. It resembles C. yodoensis Nishikawa, 1977 and C. nagaraensis Nishikawa, 2009 but is characterized by a male palp with a large and greatly curved conductor and slender spermathecae in the internal genitalia of female specimens. The morphological differences and distribution ranges of these three species have been discussed in detail. In addition, the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mt-COI) partial sequences of the new species have been analyzed and documented for future use.

著者

田中 裕

出版者

科学基礎論学会

雑誌

科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.3, pp.117-122, 1989-12-25 (Released:2009-07-23)

参考文献数

9

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1964年に発表されたベルの不等式の実験的検証は1970年代から複数の科学者グループによって遂行されたが, 1982年にフランスの物理学者アラン・アスペによって行なわれた光子対の偏極相関の範囲を測定する実験は, 実験の精度の高さと遅延選択の採用による非局所的相関の確認によって, 量子物理学の解釈をめぐる原理的諸問題の考察に新しい局面を拓いたといえる(1)。嘗ては思考実験にすぎなかったものが技術の進歩によって現実の実験となることによって, 1930年代にボーアとアインシュタインの間でなされた量子力学の完全性をめぐる哲学的論争が新しい姿で甦ることとなった。この論文は二部に分かれる。第一部ではEPRの議論に要約されるアインシュタインの量子力学批判を適切な形で再定式化することによって, ベルの定理との論理的な関係を明らかにすることを目的とする。ベルの不等式の実験的反証によって明らかとなった「分離不可能性」の事実を確認したあとで, 第二部ではEPR相関と相対性理論の基本思想との関係を主題とする。

著者

金森 修

出版者

科学基礎論学会

雑誌

科学基礎論研究 (ISSN:00227668)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.27, no.1, pp.9-14, 1999-12-25 (Released:2009-07-23)

参考文献数

16

著者

津田 正太郎

出版者

日本マス・コミュニケーション学会

雑誌

マス・コミュニケーション研究 (ISSN:13411306)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, pp.195-211, 2007-01-30 (Released:2017-10-06)

参考文献数

26

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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the relationship between nationalism and mass media from theoretical perspectives. Although many researchers have pointed out mass media contributed to nationalism, their theoretical framework has not been systematically established. For the development of further research, I introduce two concepts of nationalism: ideal nationalism and recognitive nationalism. While ideal nationalism refers to ideology which seeks to realize "national interests," recognitive nationalism means specific form of recognition which makes people regard the world of nations as natural. I argue that these concepts are useful for the analysis of the mass media and nationalism.

著者

面谷 幸子 池嶋 俊貴 柴野 雅仁 勝井 保弘 初田 泰敏 向井 淳治 畑中 裕子 菊内 章夫 関 源一 名徳 倫明

出版者

一般社団法人日本医療薬学会

雑誌

医療薬学 (ISSN:1346342X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.9, pp.522-530, 2020-09-10 (Released:2021-09-10)

参考文献数

13

被引用文献数

1

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Several hospitalized patients have a history of medication use; consequently, there are numerous reports on the importance of pharmacists managing their own medications. Conversely, there is a lack of information about the status of patients’ medication adherence. Therefore, we collected data on medicines brought to hospital by inpatients and investigated their medication compliance status. The medication compliance status of patients visiting the Kokuho Chuo Hospital from April 2017 to March 2018 was investigated using the identification sheets of medicines brought by these patients and patients’ medical records. The number of differentiations of medicines brought to the hospital by inpatients was 1,080, and the details of 889 medicines were used in this study. The average number of medicines brought per patient was 5.6 ± 3.5, with elderly patients bringing more medicines and exhibiting a low medication compliance. Compliance with antibiotics, chemotherapeutics, and oncology drugs was good, whereas that of vitamins, peripheral nervous system agents, and drugs for treating sensory organ issues was poor. The cost of medication per patient among non-adherent patients was approximately 3,836 ± 11,078 yen, amounting to a total cost of 3,409,914 yen. The medication compliance status inferred from this study was worse among elderly patients as well as for medicines used to treat chronic diseases. Pharmacists can provide appropriate drug treatments and contribute toward reducing healthcare costs by increasing awareness regarding the family pharmacist system and improving cooperation between community pharmacies and hospitals to improve polypharmacy and medication adherence.

著者

阿部 真美 齋藤 遥希

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 グローバルビジネスリサーチセンター

雑誌

赤門マネジメント・レビュー (ISSN:13485504)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.0191202a, (Released:2019-12-10)

参考文献数

47

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本稿は、知識吸収研究の代表的論文であるZahra and George (2002) を取り上げ、同論文の論点とその有効性について議論する。同論文は、知識吸収能力を構成する四つの要素を提案し、さらにそれらを潜在的吸収能力、実現化吸収能力に分けて関係性を論じた。その論点の一部は後続研究で取り上げられており知識吸収研究の発展に寄与している一方で、主張の有効性に疑問が生じる部分もあるため、後続の実証研究を紹介しながら以下で解説する。

著者

姫岡 とし子

出版者

公益財団法人 日本学術協力財団

雑誌

学術の動向 (ISSN:13423363)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.10, pp.10_48-10_50, 2011-10-01 (Released:2012-02-15)

被引用文献数

1