著者

三島 一仁 山本 祐吾

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集G(環境) (ISSN:21856648)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.6, pp.II_245-II_253, 2012 (Released:2013-02-13)

参考文献数

27

被引用文献数

4

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本研究では,和歌山市をケーススタディの対象地として,清掃工場の焼却排熱を活用した下水汚泥のバイオオイル化システムを検討し,エネルギー消費量および温室効果ガス(GHG)排出量を定量的に評価した.その結果,清掃工場と下水処理場の両施設が余剰排熱(電力換算)を介して連携し,さらに下水処理場にバイオオイル化技術を導入するケースでは,それぞれの施設でのエネルギー消費量を上回る焼却排熱とバイオオイルが回収可能であり,エネルギー自立しうるポテンシャルを有することが明らかになった.また,同ケースでは,施設間の連携や新技術の導入を実施しないケースと比較して,GHG排出量が37.3%削減されることがわかった.

著者

木室 洋介 古林 敬顕 中田 俊彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本エネルギー学会

雑誌

日本エネルギー学会誌 (ISSN:09168753)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.90, no.3, pp.247-257, 2011 (Released:2011-03-31)

参考文献数

39

被引用文献数

8 4

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In this study, 13 types of sewage energy system are evaluated by using inventory analysis. Evaluation indexes are energy balance, greenhouse gas emission, and economic efficiency. The main equipment of those energy systems are three types of incineration, three types of solid fuel, two types of pyrolysis gasification, and five types of digestion. The range of evaluation is from sewage sludge to power generation. Inputs of those energy systems are electricity, city gas, light oil, and wood biomass, and outputs are production of electricity, CO2 gas, and N2O gas. The results from the viewpoint of energy balance show that only the systems with gasification furnace produce larger electricity generation than total consumption. The results about the greenhouse gas emission show that the lowest gas emission system is the system with solid fuel produced by drying. N2O gas emitted by solid fuel is lower than the others. The results about the economic efficiency show that the lowest cost system is the systems with solid fuel because the construction cost that holds most of total cost is much lower than the other systems.

著者

前田 雅之

出版者

日本文学協会

雑誌

日本文学 (ISSN:03869903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.47, no.8, pp.53-55, 1998-08-10 (Released:2017-08-01)

著者

Kotaro Hiraoka Hitoshi Inada Kazuhiko Yanai Noriko Osumi

出版者

Tohoku University Medical Press

雑誌

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine (ISSN:00408727)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.252, no.3, pp.199-208, 2020 (Released:2020-10-22)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

3

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Ependymal cells have an essential role in regulating the dynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid flow by the movement of their multiple cilia. Impaired generation or function of cilia could cause hydrocephalus due to the disordered dynamics of the cerebrospinal fluid flow. However, molecular bases regulating differentiation of the ependymal cells and their ciliogenesis have not been fully elucidated. We report here that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), growth factors orchestrating tissue architecture throughout the body, inhibit ciliogenesis during ependymal cell differentiation in primary cell culture. Previous in vitro study has reported that ectopic expression of Smad6 and Smad7 promotes differentiation of embryonic stem cells into multi-ciliated ependymal-like cells. Since Smad6 and Smad7 have been known as the intracellular inhibitory factors of the BMP signaling pathway, the activation of the pathway could cause a deficit in ciliogenesis of ependymal cells. To examine whether activation of the pathway affects ciliogenesis, we investigated the effects of two BMPs, BMP2 and BMP4, on the ependymal differentiation of the primary cultured cells prepared from the neonatal mouse brain. Supplementation of BMP2 or BMP4 in culture media significantly reduced the number of cells with multiple cilia among the total cells, while most of the cells expressed FoxJ1, a master regulator of ciliogenesis. Activation of the pathway was confirmed by the phosphorylation of intracellular Smad1/5/8, downstream factors of the BMP receptors. These in vitro results suggest that inhibition of the BMP signaling pathway might be essential for ciliogenesis during the ependymal cell differentiation in vivo.

著者

西田 究

出版者

公益社団法人 日本地震学会

雑誌

地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.Supplement, pp.115-121, 2009-07-31 (Released:2013-11-21)

参考文献数

55

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It has long been believed that only large earthquakes excite free oscillations of the solid Earth. In 1998 a few Japanese groups reported existence of Earth’s background free oscillations even on seismically quiet days. The excited modes are almost exclusively fundamental spheroidal modes with amplitudes of about 0.5 nGal (10-11 m/s2), and they fluctuate persistently in little correlation with their neighboring modes. Cumulative effects of many small earthquakes are too small to explain the amplitudes. These features suggest that the background free oscillations are excited persistently by random disturbances globally distributed near the Earth’ surface. The intensities of these modes clearly show annual and semiannual variations with the largest peak in July and a secondary peak in January. The observed amplitudes of some modes are anomalously large relative to the adjacent modes. These are the modes that are theoretically expected to be coupled with the acoustic modes of the atmospheric free oscillations. All of these features suggest that atmospheric disturbance is one of the most likely excitation sources of this phenomenon. Assuming that atmospheric pressure disturbance acting on the Earth’s surface is a primary excitation source, some quantitative comparison has been made between the atmospheric pressure disturbance and Earth’s background free oscillations. Shortly after the discovery, some groups proposed oceanic excitation mechanism. This mechanism is based on two observations; (1) The typical frequency of Earth's background free oscillations of about 0.01 Hz coincides with that of ocean bottom pressure sensors. (2) The excitation sources are dominated in the northern Pacific in winter of the northern hemisphere and in the circum-Antarctic in winter of the southern hemisphere. The source distribution is consistent with oceanic wave height data. Based on these observations oceanic excitation mechanism by ocean infragravity waves through their nonlinear interaction was proposed. However, the proposed mechanisms work efficiently only in shore regions, and hence may not be consistent with the observed spatial extent of the excitation sources, and they cannot explain observed acoustic resonance. At present there is little consensus about the excitation mechanism that can explain all of the observed features. These observations suggest that excitation sources are superposition of oceanic and atmospheric phenomena. The phenomena of background free oscillations should be understood as those in a single system of the atmosphere, ocean and solid Earth.

著者

藤原 正教

出版者

日本社会科教育学会

雑誌

社会科教育研究 (ISSN:09158154)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1955, no.5, pp.9-14, 1955 (Released:2016-12-01)

著者

森 数馬 岩永 誠

出版者

The Japanese Psychological Association

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.85.13401, (Released:2014-10-01)

参考文献数

101

被引用文献数

2

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While enjoying music and other works of art, people sometimes experience “chills,” a strong emotional response characterized by a sensation of goose bumps or shivers. Such experiences differ from having goose bumps as a defense response or from shivering in reaction to cold temperatures. The current paper presents the phenomenon of music-induced chills and reviews the chill-related emotional response, autonomic nervous system activity, and brain activity. It also reviews the musico-acoustic features, listening contexts, and individual differences that cause chills. Based on the review, we propose a hypothetical model regarding the evocation of music-induced chills. Furthermore, we investigate the strong emotional response associated with chills by exploring the relationship between music-related chills and non-music-related chills, and discuss future research directions.

著者

上倉 安代 大川 一郎 井手 正和 和田 真

出版者

公益社団法人 日本心理学会

雑誌

心理学研究 (ISSN:00215236)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.91.19216, (Released:2020-07-30)

参考文献数

36

被引用文献数

1

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In cognitive science, self-disturbance in schizophrenia is regarded as an unusual sense of body ownership. This study examined the possibility of discriminating self-disturbance between patients with schizophrenia and healthy individuals using the rubber hand illusion (RHI). We evaluated RHI in inpatients with schizophrenia with mainly negative symptoms (n = 26) and normal control subjects (n = 10). The group with schizophrenia had a significantly higher score than the control group on only the following item: “It seemed as if I might have an extra left hand,” suggesting that patients with schizophrenia have strong self-disturbance. This indicates that it is difficult for them to have an appropriate sense of body ownership and normal reality testing. The RHI evaluation might be useful as an assessment tool for schizophrenia since it is easy to use for evaluating self-disturbance, even when not recognized by patients with schizophrenia themselves. This study supports the usefulness of the RHI evaluation as a tool for assessing self-disturbance in patients with schizophrenia.

著者

吉田 啓志 近藤 駿 増田 裕里 嶋尾 悟 浜岡 克伺 成冨 博章

出版者

理学療法科学学会

雑誌

理学療法科学 (ISSN:13411667)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.2, pp.323-326, 2018 (Released:2018-04-27)

参考文献数

16

被引用文献数

2

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〔目的〕本研究は,リハビリ後自宅退院した脳卒中患者の活動範囲を屋内群と屋外群に分類し,屋外活動の可否を最も予測可能な退院時身体的因子のカットオフ値を明らかにすることとした.〔対象と方法〕自立歩行可能で自宅退院した脳卒中患者31名を対象とした.退院3ヵ月後の活動範囲をLife Space Assessment(LSA)を用いて調査した.退院時評価項目のうちLSA合計点と有意に相関する指標を抽出し,屋外活動判別に最も適したカットオフ値を求めた.〔結果〕6分間歩行距離(6MD)のカットオフ値が最も高い判別能を示し,その値は358.5 mであった.〔結語〕脳卒中患者の自宅退院後の屋外活動を維持・向上させるためには入院中の6MDにおいて350 m以上を目指す必要があることが示唆された.

著者

Ariie Takashi Iwasaki Daichi

出版者

The Japanese Association of Rehabilitation Medicine

雑誌

Progress in Rehabilitation Medicine (ISSN:24321354)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.5, pp.20200005, 2020 (Released:2020-02-29)

参考文献数

48

被引用文献数

2

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Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the quality of reporting of systematic reviews published in Japanese in the field of physical therapy. Methods: The study design was a bibliometric analysis of systematic reviews. Two Japanese physical therapy journals (Physical Therapy Japan and Rigakuryoho Kagaku) were analysed using J-STAGE. The inclusion criterion was that articles were systematic reviews. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) checklist was used to score the reporting quality of eligible systematic reviews. The quality assessment was performed by two reviewers independently. Results: Of the 1578 articles identified, thirteen articles were included in this study. The median score of checklist items adequately adhered to across the included studies was 12 (range, 7–17). None of the studies adhered to the structured summary or additional analysis PRISMA items. The intention of bias assessment across studies was reported in only three studies (23%), and only two of these three reported the results. Conclusions: The reporting quality of systematic reviews published in Japanese physical therapy journals was suboptimal. Therefore, readers should critically appraise the contents of systematic reviews. It is recommended that journals should strictly require their authors to adhere to reporting guidelines.

著者

高橋 久一郎

出版者

日本哲学会

雑誌

哲学 (ISSN:03873358)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1987, no.37, pp.118-128, 1987-05-01 (Released:2009-07-23)

著者

Yumeta Seki Yu Kuwajima Hiroki Shigemune Yuhei Yamada Shingo Maeda

出版者

Fuji Technology Press Ltd.

雑誌

Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics (ISSN:09153942)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.5, pp.939-946, 2020-10-20 (Released:2020-10-20)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

19

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Soft robots have great potential to realize machines that interact and coexist with humans. A key technology to realize soft robots is soft fluidic actuators. Previously, we developed a soft pump using the electrohydrodynamics (EHD) phenomenon. EHD is a flow phenomenon, which is generated by applying a high voltage to a dielectric fluid. In this study, we developed flexible high-power-density EHD pumps. First, a pump was fabricated by a simple design with interdigitated electrodes. Second, a mathematical model was used to analyze the pressure generated per length assuming that electric fields only act between neighboring electrodes in a flexible EHD pump with interdigitated electrodes. The results were used to optimize the gap between electrodes to maximize the pressure per length. Third, we used the optimized process to fabricate multiple flexible EHD pumps. The procedure produced pumps easily and reliably. Fourth, we compared the experimental values with the analytical solutions. The good agreement confirmed that the generated pressure per unit length can be approximated in a uniform electric field between neighboring electrodes. Because our flexible EHD pump can operate even when deformed, it has potential for wearable device applications.

著者

カタジーナ・ チフィエルトカ

出版者

一般社団法人 日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会誌 (ISSN:13411535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, no.1, pp.76-81, 1995-02-20 (Released:2013-04-26)

参考文献数

15

著者

野上 康子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会

雑誌

日本教育心理学会総会発表論文集 第38回総会発表論文集 (ISSN:21895538)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.400, 1996-11-02 (Released:2017-03-30)

著者

高野 和友 木股 文昭

出版者

SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN

雑誌

地震 第2輯 (ISSN:00371114)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.62, no.2+3, pp.85-96, 2009-12-25 (Released:2012-03-26)

参考文献数

44

被引用文献数

1

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This study reexamines the ground deformation and fault slip model of the 1945 Mikawa earthquake (M =6.8), central Japan. We reevaluate two geodetic data sets from the years 1886/1887 and 1955/56 that were obtained from the Geographical Survey Institute; these data sets consist of displacements calculated from the net adjustment of triangulation surveys carried out before and after the Mikawa earthquake. We remove the interseismic deformation and coseismic deformation of the 1944 Tonankai earthquake from the two unique data sets used in our analysis. Maximum coseismic horizontal displacements of over 1.4 m were detected to the west of the Fukozu fault. We estimated the coseismic slip by analyzing our data set. The geometry of the fault planes was adopted from a recent seismicity study and from the surface earthquake fault of this area. The best fit to the data is obtained from two faults along the sections running north and south of the Fukozu and Yokosuka faults. The estimated uniform-slip elastic dislocation model consists of two adjacent planes. The fault also appeared to connect the sections running north and south of the Fukozu and Yokosuka faults. Because it can suitably explain the coseismic deformation due to two earthquake source faults, the earthquake source fault is not admitted under the section for the run. The mechanism is considered to be two reverse faults with right-lateral components. The estimated slips for the two source faults are 2.5 m and 1.4 m, respectively. The pressure axis is directed along NE-SW or E-W. The total seismic moment determined from this model is 1.6 × 1019 Nm, corresponding to Mw=6.7.

著者

能地 克宜

出版者

日本近代文学会

雑誌

日本近代文学 (ISSN:05493749)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.96, pp.123-130, 2017-05-15 (Released:2018-05-15)

著者

余傳 節子 國方 弘子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本看護研究学会

雑誌

日本看護研究学会雑誌 (ISSN:21883599)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20191010072, (Released:2020-04-02)

参考文献数

37

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本研究は,地域で生活する精神障害者が他者や集団との関わりで「自己有用感」を回復するプロセスについて明らかにした。地域で生活する精神障害者10名に半構成的面接を行い,M-GTAを用いて分析した。その結果,1つの【コアカテゴリー】と6つの《カテゴリー》が生成された。地域で生活する精神障害者は,《他者から気にかけられる喜び》《他者とつながる安心感》を持つことで自己の存在を確認し,《他者からの受容感》を得て,自己も受容していた。この体験を行き来しながら《他者と支え合う自負》を感じ,自己の存在への自信を感じ始めていた。さらに,《他者や集団の役に立つ満足感》を得ることで自己の存在意義を確認し,社会に目を向け《社会的価値を模索する責任感》を持ちながら生活していた。以上の「自己有用感」回復のプロセスは,精神障害者が僅かなことから自己の存在意義や存在価値を見出す自分なりの【生きる意味の集積】であった。

著者

作花 済夫

出版者

一般社団法人 表面技術協会

雑誌

表面技術 (ISSN:09151869)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.57, no.6, pp.390, 2006 (Released:2006-12-18)

参考文献数

41

被引用文献数

8 7

著者

宮城 保之

出版者

日本独文学会

雑誌

ドイツ文学 (ISSN:24331511)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.142, pp.120-132, 2011-03-25 (Released:2018-03-31)

著者

中谷 いずみ

出版者

日本文学協会

雑誌

日本文学 (ISSN:03869903)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.53, no.9, pp.36-46, 2004-09-10 (Released:2017-08-01)

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従来、大正自由主義的な運動として、あるいは「児童中心主義」と評されてきた『赤い鳥』の綴方教育は、文学者による文章教育と学校教育現場における文章教育という二つの流れが合流した地点でもあった。本稿は、文章教育であったはずの綴方を創作的、文学的活動の成果と見なす言説空間の成立を追うと共に、『赤い鳥』に集った教師たちにとっても、綴方教育が創作的、文学的活動として存在していた点に注目し、考察したものである。