3 0 0 0 OA 政治社会学の問題領域
- 著者
- 唐澤 和義
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.54, pp.167-192, 1969-11
一. 社会体制論の有効性 : communityとassociationに関連して二. 政治体系論・政治体制論の諸説三. 正当性の背景 : ユートピア、イデオロギー、ビジョン1. Politics represents "authoritative allocation of scarce resources for a society." The appropriate maintenance of a total society requires authoritative allocation of scarce resources. Therefore it is necessary to organize this distribution. This organization is formed and executed by the social groups that make up the entire society. Conforming to their respective purpose, the organization and its norms give direction to society as a whole. Thus the relationship between social thought and social groups is extremely important for political sociologists. 2. The following theories concern interaction between an organization and its purpose. K. Marx pointed out an organization related to production as economic-social formation (okonomische gesellschaform). M. Duverger analysed the organization in the social situation. K. Loewenstein denned as the limit of effect about the organization, and classifed it through the rule. J. Watanuki regarded the organization as the political system which has coordinated function of both out-put and in-put. The connection of the purpose with the organization will manage to maintain itself in harmony with the total society. Namely this connection is systematized by the dominant purpose in the total society and the organized activity with some intention. The social regime has a character connected with the established purpose of the organization and which may be transformed into the different one when its effectiveness is lost by the change of the social situation. 3. Once they doubt the effectiveness of the social regime, then social groups with new purpose for maintaining society emerge. They attempt to obtain majority support, but are unable to organize and are inclined to lack the ability to execute their ideas. They end up as Utopian thinkers with the sole purpose and organization of social criticism alone. Ideology is the thought which would be supported by the majority in the total society and would form the organization of the new purpose into the different way and would clearly define a new organization more effectively than the former. When the new purpose of the organization is be dominant, it operates toward the self-preservation and maintenance of the total society. The self-preservation would adapt to the change of the social situation and develop flexibly the planning through the feedback which operates the organization. Vision is the thought which revises its purpose. The thought it-self would move the emphasis from future purpose to actual reform in accordance with the nature of it's thought. My subject of political sociology aims at the decision-making process which coordinates the connection of the purpose with the organization and the social situation.
- 著者
- 椋尾 麻子
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.112, pp.165-186, 2004-03
特集家族とその社会的生活世界の探求研究ノートはじめに社会構築主義(社会問題の構築主義的アプローチ)ポスト構造主義的アプローチローティのネオ・プラグマティズムおわりにThis essay is a study of the "anti-essentialist" approaches as the methodology in the realm of sociology and human sciences, which have become prevalent for recent years. Here, I would like to examine the following three types of "anti-essentialism": 1) the social constructionism which has been developed mainly in a sociology of social problems; 2) the post-structuralism such as the feminism, cultural studies and post-colonial studies; and 3) Richard Rorty's Neo pragmatism. They all have a great deal of studies evolved under the impact of so-called the linguistic turn. It appears, however, they sometimes come into conflicts as their targets and goals are not common to but different from each other. My primary concern is to review comparative studies of these approaches extensively, and thus to explore the potentialities and/or limitations of the "anti-essentialism" in a sociological perspective. Talking about the narratives of the "anti-essentialist" theory, special attention is given to the positionality of the speaker-including analyst/researcher. In this context, it may be recognized as a new method in sociological research distinct from preceding approaches and dislocating them. Such a stance, I presume, rather signifies the thoroughness in theoretical setting of sociological issues.
3 0 0 0 OA 海外の史料に表はれたる福島正則(<特輯>ザビエル研究)
- 著者
- チースリク H.
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 史学 (ISSN:03869334)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.23, no.4, pp.506-513, 1949
特輯ザビエル研究
3 0 0 0 OA 毒物とテリアカに関するシャーナークの書(一)
- 著者
- 稲葉 隆政
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 史学 (ISSN:03869334)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.56, no.4, pp.539-550, 1987-02
資料紹介一 序文二 訳文Several years ago, Dr. Yoshiyasu Uno, a professor of social psychology at Keio University, brought back from Cairo a copy of the Arabic text "Kitab Shanaq fi al-sumum wa al-tiryaq", based on "MS , tibb 60, Dar al-kutub al-misrlya". Presented here is a Japanese translation of the Arabic text, made at his request. This work on poisons and theriacs or antidotes has its origin in India The work is entitled "The Book of Shanaq", Shanaq, or Chanakya, was the prime minister of the Maurya Emperor Chandragupta, but the real author is unknown. It appears that the text was introduced into the Islamic world during the reign of the Caliph al-Rashid (786-809) It is known to have been translated into Persian from an Indian language by an Indian physician named Mankah, then into Arabic from Persian by Abu hatim for Yahya b khalid b barmak (d 805), and again into Arabic by al-'Abbas b sa'id al-jawhari for the Caliph al-Ma'mun (813-833). It is said that this work is one of the three most important works on poisons in Arabic, the others being by Jabir b hayyan and Ibn wahshiya. This work can be roughly divided into seven parts by subject These are as follows (1) Admonitions to rulers. (2) The symptoms of poisoned foods, drinks, clothes, perfumes, ointments, and others, and their effects on the body and organs. (3) The recipes for twelve sorts of poisons put in foods and drinks (4) The recipe for a universal antidote called Kandahasti, and its effects. (5) The recipes for narcotics, soporifics, and other injurious drugs, and their effects (6) The effects of the twelve poisons, mentioned in the third part, on the body and organs, and the recipes for antidotes to them. (7) The recipes for ten sorts of poisons put in clothes, perfumes, ointments, and others, and the recipes for antidotes to themv
3 0 0 0 OA 近代の家族生活とピアノ文化(<特集>変容する社会と家族)
- 著者
- 水野 宏美
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 哲學 (ISSN:05632099)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.106, pp.59-91, 2001-03
特集変容する社会と家族投稿論文1. はじめに (1) ルソーの夢 (2) 本稿の目的と構成2. ピアノ文化の外的要因 (1) 気候的要因 (2) 技術的要因3. ピアノ文化の内的要因 (1) 近代家族のイデオロギー (2) 経済的要因 (3) 教育的要因 (4) ジェンダー的要因 (5) 資本的要因4. ピアノ文化における親子関係の変容 (1) 19世紀近代家族のピアノ体験 (2) 20世紀近代家族のピアノ体験 (3) 四つの要因5. おわりに (1) 19世紀近代家族 (2) 20世紀近代家族 (3) 近代家族の揺らぎ (4) 近代家族の規定力The purpose of this thesis is to consider the relation between parent-child relations and culture in modern family. My concern here is mainly children's practice on the piano, so-called, piano culture and its parent-child relations. I would like to emphasize certain similarities of piano culture in the type of modern family. Piano culture existed from the very era when the modern family was formed, and was supported historically by the modern family both in the West and the East. Modern family has an ascetic Ethos to the education of children in the family. So, it is not unreasonable to think that piano culture is a symbol of modern family and a device to perform modern family. I attempted to adopt Kamakura city for my case study and interviewed 10 residents. It is generally considered that the socialization in modern family had a feature that the parent played a main role in socializing the child. With the advent of historical and economic developments, the parent-child relation have been diversified. The conclusion is that parents tend to desire the child-centered socialization or have the child take his or her own responsibility and control by himself or herself.
3 0 0 0 OA ザンギー朝二政権分立期の研究 : モスル政権の動向から
- 著者
- 柳谷 あゆみ
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 史学 (ISSN:03869334)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.71, no.2, pp.283-314, 2002
論文はじめに第一章 ザンギー朝成立の背景 : ザンギーI世時代(521-41/1127-46年) 1 ザンギーI世とセルジューク朝スルターン 2 ザンギーI世とその近臣たち第二章 サイフ・アッディーン・ガーズィーI世時代(541-44/1146-49年) 1 ザンギーI世暗殺(541/1146年) : 二政権成立まで 2 兄弟会合(541/1146年)の意義 : 序列の確立 3 サイフ・アッディーン・ガーズィーI世優位の確立 : 三つの事件から 1 ルハー再征服(541年ジュマーダー第二月/1146年10-11月) 2 ザンギーI世暗殺犯の逮捕(541年ジュマーダー第二月18日/1146年11月24日) 3 ダマスカス救援(543/1148年)第三章 クトゥブ・アッディーン・マウドゥード時代(544-65/1149-70年) 1 序列の逆転 : スィンジャール事件(544/1149年) 2 セルジューク朝スルターンとの関係の変化 : バグダード包囲からスライマーン・シャー即位まで 3 両政権の接近 : モスル政権の援軍派遣 4 クトゥブ・アッディーン体制の変化 : 近臣たちの後退第四章 サイフ・アッディーン・ガーズィーII世の即位(565-69/1170-74年) 1 ヌール・アッディーンのモスル進軍(566/1171年) 2 ヌール・アッディーンのモスル入城 : あらたな主従関係の成立むすび
3 0 0 0 OA 浮世絵属性情報アーカイブシステムの構築と活用研究
3 0 0 0 OA 『日本霊異記』上巻第五の史的再検討 : 宇治大伴連氏の「本記」作成と大伴宿禰氏
- 著者
- 藤本 誠
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 史学 (ISSN:03869334)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.74, no.3, pp.239-275, 2006-01
論文はじめに一 上巻第五「本記」と『古屋家家譜』 (一) 『古屋家家譜』と紀伊国大伴系同族 (二) 上巻第五「本記」と『古屋家家譜』の影響関係 (三) 大部連屋栖野古と推古天皇二 上巻第五「本記」の作成目的 (一) 「本記」と『日本書紀』 (二) 屋栖野古の居地・冠位と大伴宿禰氏 (三) 「本記」における「賛」と宇治大伴連氏おわりに
3 0 0 0 OA 近世大名屋敷における食生活 : 港区郵政省飯倉分館構内遺跡出土の動物依存体を中心に
- 著者
- 桜井 準也
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 史学 (ISSN:03869334)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.57, no.1, pp.79-97, 1987-05
論文I はじめにII 港区麻布台一丁目郵政省飯倉分館構内遺跡出土の動物遺存体 一 麻布台一丁目郵政省飯倉分館構内遺跡 二 出土した動物遺存体の内容III 遺跡出土の動物遺存体からみた大名屋敷における食生活 一 大名屋敷の居住者 二 出土した動物遺存体の性格 三 食物嗜好の変化 四 出土した動物遺存体と贈答品IV 食事の献立からみた大名と下級武士の食生活 一 大名の日常食 二 下級武士の日常食 三 栄養状態からみた大名と下級武士V まとめNumerous faunal remains have been excavated from many modern age sites in Tokyo With the increased excavation activity, several aspects of dietary patterns in the Edo era have been identified At the Azabudai site in Minato-ku, Tokyo, many fish bones and shells have been excavated from refuse pits These are the remains of food consumed by residents of the site, on which had stood the official residences of two daimyo, the Uesugi and Inaba, in the Edo era. The remains are of two main types one is exemplified by red sea-bream bones and abalone shells, traditionally exchanged as gifts among the daimyo and other members of the upper classes, the other is mainly sardine bones and corbicula shells, which were widely consumed among the inhabitants of Edo. This shows that the residents of the site represented all social classes, from daimyo to servant. Servants were chosen from among farmers and city people to provide domestic services. The backbones of tuna at the site were excavated only from pits dating form the latter half of the eighteenth century Historical sources from the Edo era suggest that tuna was note a major seafood before the middle of the eighteenth century. However, wth the development of fishing technology and the expansion of the city population in the latter half of the eighteenth century, tuna became an important source of protein among the inhabitants of the city. This coincidence of archaeological and historical evidence is a good example of how one can reconstruct cultural history with the co-operation of archaeology and history
3 0 0 0 IR 鐘山改名の由来について : 蒋子文と孫鐘の伝説をめぐって
- 著者
- 吉永 壮介
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 藝文研究 (ISSN:04351630)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.85, pp.66-79, 2003
一、蒋子文の伝説二、孫鍾の伝説について三、鍾山を蒋山に改名した由来の変遷について四、結語
3 0 0 0 OA 吐谷渾と南北兩朝との關係について
- 著者
- 和田 博徳
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 史学 (ISSN:03869334)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- vol.25, no.2, pp.207-231, 1951-11
一 序二 吐谷渾君主と河南王(一)三 吐谷渾君主と河南王(二)四 吐谷渾と南北兩朝五 南朝と柔然と吐谷渾六 吐谷渾の西域進出七 吐谷渾の衰運
2 0 0 0 OA リズム知覚生成の個人差に関する音楽神経科学研究
リズム知覚生成の個人差に関する音楽神経科学研究を実施した。iOS版ハーバード式ビート評価テスト(HBAT)の開発と信頼性評価を行い、リズム知覚生成の個人差をiPhoneやiPadで簡便に客観評価できる手法を開発した。核磁気共鳴画像法(MRI)・赤外線スペクトロスコピー(NIRS)による脳機能構造評価を実施し、HBATで評価したリズム知覚の個人差に小脳灰白質構造の個人差が関連していること、HBATでテンポ変化知覚を行う際、運動前野、補足運動野の脳活動が増大していることを明らかにした。さらにリズム知覚生成の国際文化比較を行い、日本人のリズム知覚生成の特徴を明らかにした。
2 0 0 0 IR ロボットパートナーの生活圏拡大に向けたrobot friendlyな社会の創造 (本文)
2 0 0 0 集会の「場」への権利
近年、教育思想史研究の一部において、子どもの個性を重視する大正新教育、大正生命主義、宗教の三者の関係性が着目されつつある。こうした動向の中で、本研究は宮沢賢治(1896-1933)に着眼し、新教育的発想と仏教思想、農学的自然科学観が「生命」及び「個性」概念を介して結びつくことで、賢治特有の教育思想が生まれるという仮説を立て、それを検証することを目的とする。具体的には、賢治における「教育・仏教・農業」に関する実践やテクストを横断的・史学的に調査することで賢治の教育思想を浮かび上がらせ、大正・昭和初期における新教育や近代仏教、農村改良をめぐる思想史的文脈に位置付けることを試みる。
2 0 0 0 OA 経済格差と教育格差の長期的因果関係の解明:親子の追跡データによる分析と国際比較
- 著者
- 赤林 英夫 妹尾 渉 敷島 千鶴 星野 崇宏 野崎 華世 湯川 志保 中村 亮介 直井 道生 佐野 晋平 山下 絢 田村 輝之 繁桝 算男 小林 雅之 大垣 昌夫 稲葉 昭英 竹ノ下 弘久 藤澤 啓子
- 出版者
- 慶應義塾大学
- 雑誌
- 基盤研究(S)
- 巻号頁・発行日
- 2016-05-31
本研究では、経済格差と教育格差の因果関係に関するエビデンスを発見するために、親子を対象とした質の高い長期データ基盤を構築し、実証研究と実験研究を実施した。さらに、経済格差と教育格差に関する国際比較研究を実施した。具体的には、テスト理論により等化された学力データを活用し、学力格差と経済格差の相関の国際比較、親の価値観が子どもの非認知能力に与える影響の日米比較の実験研究、子ども手当が親の教育支出や子どもの学力に与える影響に関する因果分析等を実施した。
