著者
塚野 弘明
出版者
日本教育工学会
雑誌
日本教育工学雑誌 (ISSN:03855236)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.16, no.2, pp.79-88, 1992-09-30 (Released:2017-10-20)

本研究の目的は,変数を含む算数の文章題の理解における活動の文脈の効果を調べることにある.実験群では,事前テストにおいて変数を含む加減算の文章題を解けなかった6歳児の半数が,「袋」を使った活動の文脈の中に3種類の変数を含む加減算の文章題を埋め込んだ条件のもとでテストされた.一方,統制群では残りの半数がこうした文脈に埋め込まない条件のもとでテストされた.正答率はそれぞれ実験群が84%,88%,76%,統制群が36%,36%,40%であった.こうした結果の意味が課題の意味の理解における活動の文脈の役割に関連づけて考察された.
著者
奥山 宇樹 川城 信彦 西野 順二
出版者
日本知能情報ファジィ学会
雑誌
日本知能情報ファジィ学会 ファジィ システム シンポジウム 講演論文集 第27回ファジィシステムシンポジウム
巻号頁・発行日
pp.41, 2011 (Released:2012-02-15)

ヒューマノイドロボットの1つの行動は、ある姿勢から姿勢への遷移の連続と捉えることができる。行動を作成するユーザーが姿勢を複数指定することで、姿勢間を補完して自動で1つの行動を生成するようなシステムOSCを構築した。ロボカップサッカーなど特定の目標に対してロボットの行動を生成することは重要な要素となる。本システムではロボットに持たせる姿勢知識を「直立」、「キック姿勢」といった人の持つ姿勢知識に従い、各関節各度をパラメータとした多次元空間上のファジィ部分集合として定義する。これらをシステムの入力とし、数式を用いない人の意識に近い直感的なロボットの行動制御を目的とする。
著者
立川 雅司 加藤 直子 前田 忠彦 稲垣 佑典 松尾 真紀子
出版者
日本フードシステム学会
雑誌
フードシステム研究 (ISSN:13410296)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.28, no.4, pp.268-273, 2022 (Released:2022-03-31)
参考文献数
11

Agricultural genome editing is now entering a practical application stage. However, hitherto, there has been little research into or comparisons of international consumer understanding of these genome editing innovations. Therefore, a comparative Japanese, American, and German study was conducted using the same web-based questionnaire to elucidate the issues surrounding genome editing governance, the current state of regulations, and personal opinions about the use of agricultural genome editing technology. It was found that the Japanese felt that there should be strict regulations, and the Germans had the greatest concern about the use of the technology.
著者
多胡 陽介 浦田 達也 芳田 哲也
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.71, no.4, pp.305-318, 2022-08-01 (Released:2022-07-12)
参考文献数
83

In this study, we searched the relevant literature for studies involving the number of tackles and wins/losses in a rugby match, the movement of the tackler and ball carrier, the momentum of tackles, the technique and physical fitness of tacklers, and the risk of injury in order to examine the factors contributing to a successful tackle. As a result, it was found that professional players had a higher success rate of tackles than amateur players younger than 20 years of age. However, the number of tackles per match and the relationship between the success rate of tackles and the results of the match differed depending on the competitive level and the country/region. Regarding tackle movements, the success rates of shoulder tackles were higher than those of other types of tackles. High-level players performed shoulder tackles with both shoulders and both hips facing the ball carrier (body position square), with their trunk roughly parallel to the ground. Furthermore, high-level players had a high body mass; thus, they tackled with high momentum (velocity × mass). Regarding physical fitness, high-level tackling techniques required maximum strength and power in the lower and upper limbs, and also improving the maximal aerobic capacity and overall agility may help prevent fatigue and thus positively contribute to successful tackling. This review suggested that young rugby players need to improve their tackling techniques, including adopting a posture with a straight spine and leg-drive, as the risk of concussion among novices was higher than that among experts.
著者
Hideaki Waki Masaaki Koido Yoichi Minakawa Shogo Miyazaki Naruto Yoshida
出版者
The Japanese Society of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine
雑誌
The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine (ISSN:21868131)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.4, pp.213-220, 2022-07-25 (Released:2022-07-12)
参考文献数
24
被引用文献数
1

This study aimed to observe the conditions of Japanese college athletes during the COVID-19 pandemic for the prevention of psychiatric and sleep disorders. A survey was conducted with 100 players before and after they refrained from sports activities due to the emergency measures (April 7–May 14, 2020) against COVID-19. The survey items used were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) for psychiatric symptoms (anxiety and depression) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) for sleep. A survey on the living conditions was based on a web-based questionnaire. Sleep dysfunction (PSQI ≥ 6), anxiety (HADS-A ≥ 8), and depression (HADS-D ≥ 8) were found in 20 (20%), 19 (19%), and 18 (18%) players before the emergency measures, and 32 (32%), 20 (20%), and 31 (31%) players after emergency measures, respectively. Of the 100 participants, 36 (36%) developed sleep dysfunction or depression as they lived alone, were anxious about school life (e.g., friendships), and were financially unstable regarding living expenses (e.g., not able to work part-time). Due to these findings, it is necessary to actively intervene in the mental health of university students.

1 0 0 0 音樂世界

出版者
音樂世界社
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.11, 1930-11
著者
南條 健助
出版者
日本音声学会
雑誌
音声研究 (ISSN:13428675)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, no.1, pp.20-28, 1999-04-30 (Released:2017-08-31)

This paper examines the relationship between phonology and phonetics. After reviewing a version of Lexical Phonology and Ladefoged's phonetic view of phonology, I argue that phonology and phonetics are in a derivational relationship and propose a generative phonetic model which is intended to integrate the idea of Lexical Phonology and Ladefoged's view. In the model proposed here, the phonology-phonetics interface is located at the level of allophonic transcription, which is referred to as systematic phonetic transcription (Ladefoged 1993) or categorical phonetic representation (Keating 1990). It is also argued that the psychological reality of this categorical level is supported by a listener's categorical perception.
著者
須川 哲夫
出版者
公益社団法人 日本化学会
雑誌
化学と教育 (ISSN:03862151)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.3, pp.118-121, 2009-03-20 (Released:2017-06-30)
参考文献数
3

インビジブルインクとは特殊蛍光色素を用いて,通常の太陽光下では目に見えず,紫外線などを照射すると可視光を蛍光発光する特殊機能インクである。ここでは,特殊蛍光色素の発光原理とインクジェット技術への応用を解説したあと,区分管理・ディスプレー関連に展開されている事例を紹介する。
著者
定延 久美子
出版者
一般社団法人 日本デザイン学会
雑誌
デザイン学研究 (ISSN:09108173)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.56, no.5, pp.87-96, 2010-01-31 (Released:2017-06-29)
参考文献数
20

本研究では,紙衣和紙の性質を生かしたデザインの考察,および実際の作品制作を目的としている。紙衣とは和紙で作った衣服で,17世紀から19世紀にかけて日本では安価な庶民の衣服として広く用いられた反面,おしゃれ着として趣向をこらした紙衣も作られていた。紙衣和紙のテクスチャーを生かしたデザインの考察を目指すため,紙漉きと紙衣和紙の加工についても研究対象とし,紙衣和紙を自作した。さらに,紙衣和紙の材料試験を行い,布地や加工を施していない和紙と比較した結果,非常に強いハリがあり,量高いという特徴を導き出すことができた。この試験結果に基づいて衣服デザインを考察し,あわせて衣服構成法の検討を行い,実際の作品を作成した。方形に裁断した紙衣和紙を組み合わせることにより,材料試験で明らかにした強いハリと量高さによって生まれる襞を最大限に生かすようにデザインした。方形の紙衣和紙は,ミシンで縫合するのではなく紐で綴じ合わせることにより,ユニークなシルエットのブラウス,スカート,ワンピース,ジャケットを完成させることができた。
著者
伊坂 忠夫 Robert J. GREGOR 川村 貞夫
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
日本機械学会論文集 C編 (ISSN:03875024)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.64, no.623, pp.2429-2436, 1998-07-25 (Released:2008-02-26)
参考文献数
20
被引用文献数
1 4

The purpose of this study is to derive the reasonable lifting movement from analysis of biomechanical characteristics of the snatch, back lift (BL) and leg lift (LL) in a skilled weightlifter. During the snatch lift, the differences between skilled and unskilled lifter appear in EMG and joint torque patterns. The skilled lifter utilizes the double knee bend technique and motor unit recruitment patterns in agonist and antagonist about joint might be reasonable to lift heavy weight. The present data suggest that skilled weightlifter has acquired the higher neuromuscular performance, which is required the control among the recruited muscles with regard to the tension and the timing of the coactivation and the contraction-relaxation. From comparison of BL and LL, it is suggested that BL has higher EMG activity and produces a much higher shear force about L 5/Sl joint which induces a low back injury. In case of LL, the shear force about L 5-Sl joint depends on the lifting posture. Moreover, it is revealed that the skilled weightlifter might have a lower shear force than unskilled person. From the experimental results, it is shown that the detailed instruction about lifting posture is needed to reduce the incidence of low back injury.
著者
河村 郁江 白松 俊 大森 友子
出版者
一般社団法人 人工知能学会
雑誌
人工知能学会第二種研究会資料 (ISSN:24365556)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2022, no.CCI-009, pp.02, 2022-07-09 (Released:2022-07-09)

In this paper, we have designed a system that shows how social studies and science are linked to local food, with the aim of creating a system that stimulates interest in social studies and science using local food as a starting point. Specifically, a class diagram of the relationship ontology between life sciences and local food was developed and a prototype user interface design was created.
著者
Naoko YAYOSHI Yuji HAMAMOTO Hitomi ODA Aiko HAGA Kaoru KOYAMA Toshinori SAKO Akihiro MORI
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.84, no.7, pp.898-904, 2022 (Released:2022-07-01)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
1

A 10-year-old castrated male cat showing behavioral (irritation, prowling, and tumbling) and cutaneous abnormalities such as dermal fragility was diagnosed as hyperadrenocorticism with pituitary macroadenoma, concurrent with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Pituitary enlargement (18.0 mm) was observed during magnetic resonance imaging. High endogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone levels (>2,500 pg/ml) were also observed. Although trilostane treatment (5–10 mg/head, daily) was commenced, the clinical signs did not disappear. Insulin and trilostane treatment were discontinued on day 86 after first day of radiation therapy (4 Gy/12 fractions). After radiation therapy, a decreased pituitary tumor size (10.7 mm) was observed on day 301; neurological and dermatological signs exhibited remission. Radiation therapy is the treatment of choice for feline hyperadrenocorticism with pituitary macroadenoma with neurological signs.
著者
Kenji Suetsugu Akiyo Naiki Yayoi Takeuchi Hironori Toyama Shuichiro Tagane Tetsukazu Yahara
出版者
The Japanese Society for Plant Systematics
雑誌
Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica (ISSN:13467565)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.68, no.2, pp.123-126, 2017-06-30 (Released:2017-09-12)

Two new localities of the mycoheterotrophic plant, Sciaphila alba (Triuridaceae), are reported and the description of its morphology, in particular on color polymorphism of staminate flowers, based on a new collection from Tatau, Sarawak and from herbarium studies at KYO is updated. Sciaphila alba had been reported only from Lambir Hills National Park, Sarawak, Borneo.