著者

原 勲

出版者

JAPAN SECTION OF THE REGIONAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.30, no.3, pp.147-158, 2000-12-31 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

1 1

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1. Definition of Interregional Payment BalancesIn general, International Balance of Payments is composed by both of Current account and, Capital and Financial Account under definition of International Monetary Fund. Current account is composed by Goods and services, Income and Current transfers. On the other hand, Capital and Financial Account is shown by Financial Account which is composed by Direct investment, Portfolio investment, Other investment and Capital Account. Domestic Payment Balances are also shown by application of the factors as well as International Payment Balances. It should be really explained “Interregional Payment Balances (IPB)” like presenting in the next paragraph. In Japan, one of IPB has been presented by the Agency of Economic Planning as “each exports and each imports of 47 prefectures” in every year. Another one has been presented by the Ministry of the International Trade and Industry as “Input-Output Table among 11 regions in Japan”. They, however, don't present the Money Flow based on IPB. Really, the Money Flow in relation with IPB had been presented by the Bank of Japan (BOJ) so far, but the BOJ had not presented since after burst of bubble economy 1990's, and not doubtfully, though it had been great important for analysing of regional economies Japan. Therefore, research for regional Economies based on IPB might not be able to attain perfection. This paper is presented within these limits.2. The implication of Interregional Payment BalancesThe implication of IPB was originally described by John R. Meyer, in “Regional Economics: A survey, The American economic review, 1963”, in which it was inttroduced Interregional Payment Balances of trade, 1952, by G. Fruetel.It had implicated Balances of trade among each States of America. In this sense, IPB can be considered that they are indicators of the regional economic growth and regional economic equilibrium as well as the external indicators. In general, IPB will be the surplus and higher level if the regional economy is rather powerful than others. According to this significance, it points out that IPB might have competitive power in the regional economies.3. The implication of Interregional Payment Balances in JapanOne of IPB in Japan has been presented by the Agency of Economic Planning as being described above, and it has been shown as exports and imports among 47 prefectures in Japan. The importance is because Income Level and IPB among 47 prefectures deeply relate with each other. The regression equation of Income Level and IPB in 1995 is calculated as follows.When horizontal line is X as Income Level and vertical line Y is as IPB, Y=90.265+0.732XThis regression equation is a straight line and coeffient determination is 0.5575, which is high in an average. According to above, IPB in Japan can be certainly certified in relation to regional economic power, Income Level, economic growth, per capita production and so on. From these analysing, it has been realized in Japan that IPB of the central prefecture has been great surplus while IPB of the peripheral prefectures has been big dificits. As a result, it certifies the peripheral prefectures depend on the governmental subsidiary, that is, they can't stand on a self support system yet.

著者

原 勲

出版者

JAPAN SECTION OF THE REGIONAL SCIENCE ASSOCIATION INTERNATIONAL

雑誌

地域学研究 (ISSN:02876256)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.21, no.1, pp.323-335, 1991-12-30 (Released:2008-10-10)

参考文献数

11

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Interregional payment balances is considered indicator of development and also that of inland trade balances among regional ecomomies, applying the concept of International payment balances.Dividing Japanese regions into four groups-(1) the three megalopolices (Tokyo, Osaka, and Nagoya), (2) their surrounding areas, (3) the borderlands (Hokkaido, Kyushu, etc.), (4) and the other areas-the defferences in interregional payment balances among the group, which are placed in the order of 1>2>4>3, have been found to have recently expanded, although the excessive surplus of the three megalopolices has slightly declined.Interregional payment balances have positive correlations with the averages of income and the industrialization, and negative correlations with the expenditures of the national finance: on the other hand, the averages of income have positive correlations with Interregional payment balances and the industrialization, and negative correlations with the expenditures of the national finance. Therefore, deficit areas by the indicator can be said to have low standards of income and industry, and be dependent on the national finance. The differences among Interregional payment balances show the “inbalanced” levels of the regional economics.We suggest a way for solving the problem of inbalances, pointing out the great need to reduce the multiplier factors with the following measures:1. lowering “spill-over effect” by reconstructing the economic structures emphasing industries2. reducing “investment leakage” by improving the policies for hightening economic effects of public investments provided by the national financeThere might be specific policies of the government to emphasize on investing in certain areas by casting divided roles to regions, however, the indicator of Interrogional payment balances gives us a criterion on basic judgement for the regional policies.

著者

吉田 正俊 宮園 健吾 西尾 慶之 山下 祐一 鈴木 啓介

出版者

一般社団法人 人工知能学会

雑誌

人工知能 (ISSN:21882266)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.38, no.6, pp.787-795, 2023-11-01 (Released:2023-11-01)

著者

針生 悦子

出版者

一般社団法人 日本教育心理学会

雑誌

教育心理学研究 (ISSN:00215015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, no.3, pp.349-357, 1993-09-30 (Released:2013-02-19)

参考文献数

9

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According to Markman and Wachtel (1988), children assume that words stand for mutually exclusive object categories, and so each object must have only one category label. This study examined whether children suspended their use of this assumption and interpreted a given novel label as referring to a familiar object; that is, an object whose name they already knew in their mother tongue (Japanese), when they were informed that the label came from a foreign language (English). The result showed that five-year-olds accepted the novel English label for a familiar object, while the three-year-olds and four-year-olds were not willing to accept it. To explain such result, the following hypotheses were considered. Children younger than 5 used mutual exclusivity to interpret a novel English label:(1) because the limitation of their capacity (Case, 1972) did not allow them to suspend the use of mutual exclusivity effectively, even if they knew English;(2) simply because only a few of them knew English. As a result, four-year-olds who knew English were found to suspend their use of mutual exclusivity when interpreting English labels. The second hypothesis was thus supported.

著者

ロビン・トンプソン著

出版者

榕樹書林

巻号頁・発行日

2016

著者

王 耀華

出版者

法政大学沖縄文化研究所

雑誌

沖縄文化研究 (ISSN:13494015)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.35, pp.223-250, 2009-03-31

著者

澤藤 りかい 蔦谷 匠

出版者

一般社団法人 日本人類学会

雑誌

Anthropological Science (Japanese Series) (ISSN:13443992)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.128, no.1, pp.1-19, 2020 (Released:2020-06-23)

参考文献数

130

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従来の免疫的な手法によるタンパク質の検出と異なり,質量分析を利用したタンパク質の分析は,微量のタンパク質も検出でき,誤同定の恐れが小さく,処理能力が高く,未知のタンパク質を網羅的に解析できるという利点をもつ。2010年代以降,考古・人類学的な資料として学術的意味をもつ生物遺物体に存在する過去のタンパク質を,質量分析計を用いてハイスループットまたは網羅的に分析する古代プロテオミクスの研究が盛んになってきた。こうした古代プロテオミクスの手法は,特定のタンパク質のスペクトルパターンから分類群を判別するペプチドマスフィンガープリンティング(ZooMSなど)と,試料中に存在するタンパク質を網羅的に同定するショットガンプロテオミクスに分類できる。現在行なわれている古代プロテオミクスの研究は,生物試料の分類群の判別と系統推定,遺伝情報の推定,有機物の同定,生理状態をあらわすタンパク質の検出,食性の推定,という5つのカテゴリーに大別できる。質量分析によるプロテオミクスに一般的な問題や,過去の試料を分析する際に特有の問題があるものの,古代プロテオミクス分析の利点を活かした研究は今後さらに増加し多様化していくものと予想される。

著者

二井手 哲平

出版者

公益社団法人 日本生物工学会

雑誌

生物工学会誌 (ISSN:09193758)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.100, no.1, pp.46, 2022-01-25 (Released:2022-01-25)

参考文献数

5

著者

藤原 泰央

出版者

日本植物分類学会

雑誌

植物地理・分類研究 (ISSN:03886212)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.2, pp.109-120, 2022-11-18 (Released:2022-12-15)

著者

梶 茂樹

出版者

日本アフリカ学会

雑誌

アフリカ研究 (ISSN:00654140)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2021, no.99, pp.13-20, 2021-05-31 (Released:2022-05-31)

参考文献数

8

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現代スワヒリ語では,ndiyo「はい」とhapana「いいえ」は比較的よく使われる単語である。hapanaの由来は,ha-pa-na(動詞の否定標識-クラス16の主語接頭辞-「共に」を意味する小辞)であることは容易に分る。つまり,「(その)場所にはない」>「いいえ」というような変化である。それに対し,ndiyoは現代スワヒリ語の知識では分析することができない。筆者は,このndiyoは,例えばニョロ語のndíyôに相当する表現がかつてのスワヒリ語にもあり,そこから来ていると推測する。n-ri-yo(私-be動詞-「そこ」を意味する接語)「私はそこにいる」である。ニョロ語ではこの表現は人を訪問して,Olíyô?「(あなたは)いますか。」と訪われた時の返事「私はいます。」としてよく用いられる。本来,自分自身のその場での存在を示すndiyoが,スワヒリ語では,1) -li~-diの交替の不透明さ(形態音韻的交替),2) 欠如動詞-liの使用の極端な制限,さらに3) 接語-yoの不使用と相まって分析不能となり,たんに「はい」という肯定だけを表すようになったと考えられるのである。

著者

狼 嘉彰

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会誌 (ISSN:13405551)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.121, no.3, pp.199-202, 2001-03-01 (Released:2008-04-17)

参考文献数

4

被引用文献数

1

著者

宮地 美帆 山崎 朱音 片岡 千恵

出版者

一般社団法人 日本体育・スポーツ・健康学会

雑誌

体育学研究 (ISSN:04846710)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.66, pp.551-559, 2021 (Released:2021-08-18)

参考文献数

31

被引用文献数

1

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In recent years, a number of health issues among adolescents in Japan have become highlighted. One of the major issues in school health is thinness among high school girls. Thinness is closely related to low energy intake, which can lead to menstrual dysfunction and low bone density. It is important to acknowledge these issues as health disorders that are specific to girls, and to consider measures for their prevention. The purpose of this study was to clarify the current situation of health disorders specific to high school girls, and to examine their level of awareness about them. Between March 2018 and February 2019, we conducted a self-administered questionnaire survey targeting 1,551 high school girls from 10th to 12th grade in 32 schools across 7 prefectures. This revealed that 18.7% of the girls were classified as “thin” based on Body Mass Index. In addition, many girls (more than half) had one or more signs of low energy intake, menstrual dysfunction, and history of stress fracture. The survey indicated signs of health disorders specific female high school students, suggesting that this is an important issue that needs to be addressed. The results also indicated that knowledge regarding health disorders was insufficient, as the overall correct answer rate was 50% or less. This was partly related to the presence or absence of health disorders specific to girls. In the future, it will be necessary to clarify the relevant factors that ought to be considered for comprehensive education designed to prevent health disorders specific to girls.

著者

松田 恵里

出版者

公益社団法人 日本数学教育学会

雑誌

日本数学教育学会誌 (ISSN:0021471X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.86, no.12, pp.2, 2004 (Released:2021-04-01)

被引用文献数

1

著者

西澤 恭助

出版者

公益社団法人 日本化学会

雑誌

工業化学雑誌 (ISSN:00232734)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.31, no.12, pp.1243-1252, 1928-12-05 (Released:2011-09-02)

著者

宮本久太郎 述

出版者

東京数理学会

巻号頁・発行日

1904

著者

中山 雅史

出版者

公益財団法人 産業医学振興財団

雑誌

産業医学ジャーナル (ISSN:0388337X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.5, pp.80-82, 2023-09-01 (Released:2023-09-20)

著者

藤原 智 三木原 香乃 市村 美沙 石本 正芳 小林 知勝

出版者

特定非営利活動法人 日本火山学会

雑誌

火山 (ISSN:04534360)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.68, no.3, pp.161-169, 2023-09-30 (Released:2023-11-02)

参考文献数

11

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In the Atosanupuri volcanic complex in the Kussharo caldera, eastern Hokkaido, Japan, short-term uplift followed by subsidence around 1994 was detected using interferometric SAR (InSAR) analysis. In this study, an InSAR time series analysis from 2014 to 2022 using the ALOS-2 satellite revealed continued long-term subsidence of the entire Atosanupuri volcanic complex. The subsidence followed an exponential trend, with a relaxation time constant of several decades. However, long-term data are required to determine future displacement convergence due to frequent temporary and unsteady stagnations and uplifts. In contrast, the northwestern part of the Rishiri lava dome showed a constant subsidence rate without fluctuations. The results of the InSAR time-series analysis from 2016 to 2020 demonstrated that a horizontal sheet-like crust (sill) located 5.3 km below the surface of the Atosanupuri volcanic complex is shrinking at a rate of −1.44 million m3/year, whereas another sill at a depth of 700 m below the surface of the northwestern part of the Rishiri lava dome is shrinking at a rate of −21,000 m3/year. Although the residuals after subtracting these pressure source models indicate displacements of a few millimeters per year, these are most likely systematic errors inherent in InSAR. The InSAR time series analysis proved to be highly accurate in capturing temporal changes and spatial distribution, even when the displacement is less than 1 cm per year, and the results were not easily confounded by various errors. Therefore, data accumulation is crucial for InSAR time-series analysis.

著者

小暮 哲夫 小川 彰 関 博文 吉本 高志 鈴木 二郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本脳卒中学会

雑誌

脳卒中 (ISSN:09120726)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.7, no.5, pp.394-401, 1985-10-25 (Released:2009-09-03)

参考文献数

20

被引用文献数

1

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内頚動脈閉塞症急性期の臨床像とその予後を明らかにする目的で発症後24時間以内に収容された本症104例に対してCT・脳血管撮影を施行し, 2ヵ月間にわたり意識障害や運動障害の推移を中心に臨床経過の観察を行った.死亡例が5割, 社会復帰不能例が4割を占め, 社会復帰可能例が1割のみと, 本症の予後は不良であり, 過半数を占める塞栓症においてより顕著であった.入院時の意識状態や運動機能は予後とよく相関し, 多少とも意識障害を認めたり, 重力に抗する運動の不可能な例で社会復帰したものはまれであった.CT上のLDAの大きさも予後とよく相関し, 予後良好例は非出現例にほぼ限られ, 複数の脳主幹動脈に及ぶ出現例のほとんどが死亡していた.約半数を占める死亡例は高齢者に多く, その8割が第4病日をピークとする発症後早期の脳梗塞直接死亡例であり, 他の2割は合併症による間接死亡例に相当し, その死亡時期に一定の傾向は認められなかった.

著者

青木 健

出版者

一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会

雑誌

オリエント (ISSN:00305219)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.45, no.1, pp.229-235, 2002-09-30 (Released:2010-03-12)