著者
Naoto Ohtsubo Syun Gohda Satoshi Sato Yasuhiro Yamada
出版者
The Carbon Society of Japan
雑誌
Carbon Reports (ISSN:24365831)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2, no.2, pp.97-113, 2023-06-01 (Released:2023-06-01)
参考文献数
48
被引用文献数
5

Pyridinic nitrogen-containing carbon materials are expected to have excellent performance as electrodes and catalysts. Carbon materials containing only pyridinic nitrogen have been synthesized in recent years, and the use of two-fused-ring aromatic compounds as precursors enabled the synthesis of relatively inexpensive pyridinic nitrogen-containing carbon materials. However, a two-fused-ring aromatic compound such as isoquinoline (IQ) required a relatively high temperature (973 K) for carbonization, causing C–N bond cleavage, and the percentage of pyridinic nitrogen was relatively low: 52% of the N atoms are pyridinic. This study synthesized pyridinic nitrogen-containing carbon materials from six brominated IQs. The bromination of IQs lowered the carbonization temperatures to 673–873 K, which helped avoid the decomposition of the pyridinic nitrogen. Among these six precursors, the one with two bromine substitutions (1,4-dibromoisoquinoline) had the highest percentage of pyridinic nitrogen (65%) at 773 K. The factors that increase the percentage of pyridinic nitrogen are (1) avoiding the formation of a 1,10-phenanthroline-like structure during dimerization, (2) avoiding the formation of N–H and promoting the scission of the formed C–N in dimers formed after C=C coupling at bromine-substituted positions between precursors, and (3) forming a more ordered six-membered ring structure by the introduction of two or more highly reactive bromines.
著者
鈴木 大慈
出版者
一般社団法人 日本応用数理学会
雑誌
応用数理 (ISSN:24321982)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.3, pp.7-14, 2017-09-26 (Released:2017-12-26)
参考文献数
26

Low rank tensor estimation has a lot of applications such as recommendation system, spatiotemporal data analysis, and multi-task learning. We consider a Bayes estimator for this problem. We give theoretical analyses for the Bayes estimator and show that the Bayes estimator achieves the minimax optimal predictive accuracy. We also consider a nonparametric tensor model and a Bayes estimator for that model. It is also shown that the Bayes estimator of the nonparametric model achieves the minimax optimality. Finally, numerical experiments were conducted on restaurant evaluation data and give comparison with the Bayes estimators and other methods.
著者
田中 研之輔
出版者
関東社会学会
雑誌
年報社会学論集 (ISSN:09194363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2004, no.17, pp.120-131, 2004-08-10 (Released:2010-04-21)
参考文献数
7
被引用文献数
1 1

This paper explores a new trend in urban subcultures, that of skateboarders seeking public space for their activities. Generally when youth subcultural groups use public spaces, station parks and urban squares, they are under the gaze of local residents or controlled by policemen and security guards. But, the case taken up in this paper progresses to a different situation. In particular, it is about the three-year long movement to acquire “Tsuchiura Station West Park” conducted by ten young skateboarders and a manager of a skateboard shop who conducted a campaign to collect signatures, presented a petition and engaged in various other activities in order to secure space for their activities. They were successful in that they were allowed to use “Tsuchiura Station West Park” for free, on the condition that this permission was granted only until the start of the urban redevelopment of the Tsuchiura station area.
著者
大竹 悠介 近藤 勝俊 藤田 恵美 小垣 哲也 櫻井 健一
出版者
一般社団法人 日本風力エネルギー学会
雑誌
風力エネルギー学会 論文集 (ISSN:24363952)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.45, no.2, pp.23-30, 2021 (Released:2021-12-15)

A downwind turbine whose rotor surface is located on the leeward side with respect to the tower is expected to operate with high efficiency in up-flow wind. In addition, it is expected that a large amount of up-flow wind will be shown in mountainous areas that are common in Japan. Therefore, the wind conditions around the downwind turbine installed in the mountainous area were measured by Doppler LiDAR, and the wind turbine performance in the up-flow wind was evaluated. As a result, it was confirmed that the power of the wind turbine tends to improve as the flow inclination angle becomes larger and closer to the wind turbine tilt angle.
著者
相田 颯 今野 将
雑誌
第84回全国大会講演論文集
巻号頁・発行日
vol.2022, no.1, pp.693-694, 2022-02-17

多種多様な自然災害が起こる日本では,多くの防災対策が行われ,その中でも自然災害体験システムが注目されている.しかし,現在の自然災害体験システムでは特定の環境における自然災害の再現を行うため,内容が固定的で,限定的であり,個々の生活環境に対応する事が困難である.そこで,個々の生活環境に対応する事で,自然災害体験システムの効果を高めることができると考える.それを実現するために,AIによるシナリオ制御技術を用いたXR型自然災害体験システムを提案する. AIによるシナリオ制御技術を用いることで,実際にシナリオが体験者個人の行動,体験環境に対応し,シナリオを流動的に制御することができるか検証評価を行った.
著者
岩脇 淳一
出版者
耳鼻咽喉科展望会
雑誌
耳鼻咽喉科展望 (ISSN:03869687)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.31, no.3, pp.301-315, 1988-06-15 (Released:2011-08-10)
参考文献数
43

Growth characteristics and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) induction in EBV-genome-negative Ramos Lymphoma lines and three sublines of Ramos (Ramos/B 95-8, AW-Ramos and Ramos/NPC) carrying different EBV-genomes derived from cells of infectious mononucleosis (IM), Burkitt's lymphoma and nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) were comparatively examined. In addition, the difference of growth characteristics and immunoglobulin production in human cord blood lymphoblastiod cell lines (CBLs) transformed by two strains of EBV (B 95-8 and NPC-KT) derived from cells of IM and NPC were also studied. Cells of EBV-genome-negative Ramos line died rapidly after having reached saturation density, whereas all three cells of EBV-genome-positive Ramos sublines maintained constant number of living cells for several weeks even after having reached saturation density. However, no differences were shown in growth chracteristics between cells of Ramos sublines and CBLs which carry different EBV genomes.On the other hand, there was a clear difference in EBV induction after the treatment of cells of EBV-genome-positive Ramos sublines with 12-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, n-butyric acid, and 5-iododeoxyuridine. Ramos/B 95-8 and AW/Ramos cells could synthesize early antigen (EA) after their treatment with the above chemical drugs, whereas Ramos/NPC cells could not show EA induction after the treatment of cells with any chemical drugs. From three different blood samples (human cord, human adult seronegative, and cotton-top marmoset bloods), total six cell lines were established by exposure to either B 95-8 strain or NPC-KT strain. All these established cell lines contained more than 90% EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA)-positive cells. While tranforming virus could regularly be rescued from human adult and cotton-top marmoset lymphocytes tranformed by either B 95-8 or NPC-KT virus strain, attempts to rescue virus from human cord blood lymphocytes transformed by two virus strains or from the EBV-converted Ramos sublines (Ramos/B 95-8 and Ramos/NPC) were unsuccessful. In addition, only virus stock obtained from cotton-top marmoset lymphocytes transformed by NPC-KT EBV strain could superinfect Raji cells.From these results, it was suggested that characteristics of the EBV-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines and their EBV production may be determined by cellular facters and mutual interaction between cells and EBV strains employed rather than the differences among the virus strains.
著者
柴田(田上) 明日香 西田 真寿美 浅井 さおり 沼本 教子 原 祥子 中根 薫
出版者
一般社団法人 日本老年看護学会
雑誌
老年看護学 (ISSN:13469665)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.7, no.2, pp.116-126, 2003-03-15 (Released:2017-08-01)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
12

本研究は施設ケアの実践を担う看護職・介護職における連携・協働に関する問題認識の異同を比較検討し,その課題を明らかにすることを目的とした.介護療養型医療施設,介護老人保健施設,特別養護老人ホームに所属する看護職,介護職の別に6名ずつの4グループを構成し,グループインタビューを実施した.その結果,各職種の認識は情報の伝達方向,業務分担,個人の職業意識の内容に分類された.(1)情報の伝達方向:看護職は介護職による情報の質と内容に個人差があることを指摘し,介護職は看護職には本音が言えないという相違があった.(2)業務分担:指示・命令型は明確な分業体制が意識されている反面,職種間の階層性に伴う不満もあった.相互・調整型はスタッフの力量とケアの質を基準として,柔軟に調整され円滑であった.独立・分業型は両職種ともに業務の責任範囲が不明瞭であるという認識であった.(3)個人の職業意識:介護職は看護職に個人的な親しみを求め,看護職は介護職に職業的成長を求めていた.管理職の方針が連携活動に強く影響するという認識は共通していた.
著者
豊田 一則
出版者
一般社団法人 日本血栓止血学会
雑誌
日本血栓止血学会誌 (ISSN:09157441)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.32, no.3, pp.264-270, 2021 (Released:2021-06-22)
参考文献数
16

脳梗塞超急性期の静注血栓溶解療法は,病的血栓を遺伝子組み換え組織型プラスミノゲン・アクティベータの力で溶解して,血栓で詰まった脳動脈を再開通させ,脳の組織が決定的に傷む前に十分な脳への血流を戻す治療である.発症後4.5時間以内に治療開始可能な患者に適応があるが,最近の知見に基づき,発症時刻不明の患者でも頭部画像診断の異なる撮像法による虚血所見出現具合の差(DWI-FLAIRミスマッチ所見)やペナンブラ所見を確認できれば治療を行えるようになった.国内施行率は脳梗塞発症者の1割前後と推測されるが,治療対象となるべき患者はこれより遥かに多く,更なる治療の普及が必要である.アルテプラーゼが世界で承認された唯一の血栓溶解薬であるが,近年血栓への親和性が高いテネクテプラーゼを用いた臨床試験が海外で多く行われ,オフラベルで使用を始めた地域も増えた.国内でも同薬の早期導入が望まれる.
著者
Illia AOTA Chisato YATSUDA Ei-ichi IZAWA
出版者
JAPANESE SOCIETY OF VETERINARY SCIENCE
雑誌
Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.85, no.1, pp.71-75, 2023 (Released:2023-01-12)
参考文献数
35
被引用文献数
3

Salivary corticosteroid measurement, as a surrogate for plasma corticosteroid levels to evaluate an animal’s stress or metabolic state, commonly used in mammals. However, the validity of salivary corticosterone (CORT) measurements in birds has not yet been reported. We aimed to measure salivary CORT in crows using a commercially available CORT enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. An adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) challenge experiment using synthetic cosyntropin, an ACTH analogue, was conducted to compare CORT level elevations between the serum and the saliva in a 10–60 min range. Both salivary and blood CORT was significantly elevated 10 min after injecting synthetic cosyntropin. The results supported the validation of salivary CORT as a surrogate for a blood CORT in crows.
著者
辻田 純三 伊藤 清臣 黛 誠 田中 信雄 堀 清記 小石 秀夫
出版者
The Japanese Society of Health and Human Ecology
雑誌
民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.46, no.1, pp.2-11, 1980 (Released:2011-10-21)
参考文献数
19
被引用文献数
1

パプアニューギニア高地人の成人男子18名,日本人成人男子20名の身体計測およびパプアニューギニア現地での戸外および家屋内の環境温度の測定を行なって次の結果を得た。1)パプアニューギニア人の身長および体重の平均値は夫々,158.4cm,61.3kgで日本人の夫々の平均値,171.6cm,68.2kgより有意に小さかった。しかし,パプアニューギニア人のRohrer's indexおよびBrugsch's indexの平均値は逆に日本人の平均値より大きかった。2)パプアニューギニア人の胸囲,腹囲,上腕囲,大腿囲,下腿囲の平均値は,日本人の平均値よりやや小さいかその差はわずかであった。パプアニューギニア人の前腕囲の平均値は日本人の平均値より大きかった。パプアニューギニア人の上肢長の平均値は日本人の平均値よりわずかに小さかったが,手の長さ,下肢長,足の長さはパプアニューギニア人の方が日本人より長く,パプアニューギニア人の四肢長と身長との比は日本人の値より有意差をもって大きかった。3)パプアニューギニア人の皮下脂肪厚は日本人のそれより有意に薄かった。又,皮下脂肪厚より算出された体脂肪含有率は日本人のそれより有意に少なかった。4)パプアニューギニア人の足の形は,日本人と比べて足長に比し足巾が長く,足底面積が広く,親指と小指が長軸に対して扇形に開いており,山道の歩行に適応して変化していた。5)パプアニューギニア人のBushhouseは日本製木造家屋,スチール製建物に比べて日中の室内温が低く,環境温度の観点よりみると秀れた家である。6)パプアニューギニア人の身体的特徴は,彼等が日常生活において毎日山歩きの激運動を行なっていること,摂取カロリー量が少ないこと,および熱帯高山気候の影響によって形成されたものと思われる。
著者
嶋田 陽 能美 雄貴 近藤 圭一郎
出版者
一般社団法人 電気学会
雑誌
電気学会論文誌D(産業応用部門誌) (ISSN:09136339)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.134, no.1, pp.10-18, 2014-01-01 (Released:2014-01-01)
参考文献数
13
被引用文献数
3 7

An unbalanced input voltage three-level inverter can be applied to boost the input voltage by employing energy storage devices, such as the electric double layer capacitor (EDLC), in order to enhance the motor output performance. However, the unbalanced input DC voltage limits the output power and generates particular voltage harmonics. In this paper, the harmonic characteristics, a method to change the power distribution and the limit of the power distribution when the ratio of the DC source voltage to the EDLC voltage is changed are discussed.
著者
田部井 勝稲 白井 紘行
出版者
一般社団法人 日本機械学会
雑誌
日本機械学会論文集 B編 (ISSN:03875016)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.55, no.512, pp.1030-1034, 1989-04-25 (Released:2008-03-28)
参考文献数
8

A numerical method is presented for inverting the moire data which represent integral light deflection to internal temperature and /or density distributions. The method is applicable to both symmetrical and asymmetrical flow field. The inverting method is constructed on the basis of the Maldonado-Olsen series representation which was developed for the inversion of an integral intensity fields. The validity and accuracy of the present method have been demonstrated by using a mathematical model with a density function of a truncated pyramid type.
著者
村山 祐司
出版者
THE TOHOKU GEOGRAPHICAL ASSOCIATION
雑誌
東北地理 (ISSN:03872777)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.34, no.4, pp.224-235, 1982 (Released:2010-04-30)
参考文献数
14
被引用文献数
6 3

“Urban system” is defined as an aggregate of interrelated sets of cities which are interdependent in such a way that any significant change in economic activity, occupational structure, total income or population of one member city will directly bring about some modification of the other set members (Pred, 1977). The study of urban systems has moved from the static analysis in the 1960's to the dynamic one in the 1970's and it has linked with the study of spatial diffusion which puts stress on the spatial process.This paper attempts to clarify the diffusion patterns of innovation in the three levels of urban systems—international, national and regional, employing the Lions Club as the index. Japan is selected as the case study of the national level, and Yamanashi Prefecture as the case study of the regional level.Several primary findings might be summarized as follows: (1) The peaks of diffusion in the international, national and regional levels were in the 1950's, in around 1960 and in around 1965, respectively, and the distinct time lag of diffusion was recognized from the higher level to the lower level. On the other hand, the regional level has the highest gradient and the international level the lowest in terms of the regression lines between the years of diffusion and the population size (Fig. 3, 7 and 12), indicating that spread of diffusion has been accelerated with time from the international level to the regional level. (2) In the national and regional levels most of the links of the diffusion channels were in accord with those of the nodal structures. Thus in those two levels innovation has been diffused through the socio-economic linkages with the strong interdependency, while in the international level the diffusion channels have been greatly influenced rather by the political structures and the historical circumstances.
著者
山下 雄史
出版者
分子シミュレーション学会
雑誌
アンサンブル (ISSN:18846750)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.17, no.2, pp.83-91, 2015-04-30 (Released:2016-04-30)

医薬品開発を論理的・効率的におこなうためには, 医薬品候補と標的タンパク質の結合に伴う自由エネルギー変化の定量的予測が必須である. 従来法での不十分な精度を改善するため, 近年, 全原子分子動力学法を基盤とした様々な予測手法の創薬応用が試みられている. 本稿では, こうした予測手法を支える重要な理論を振り返りながら, タンパク質系における自由エネルギー予測の難しさの本質を議論する.