著者

小川 俊夫

出版者

一般社団法人 色材協会

雑誌

色材協会誌 (ISSN:0010180X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.63, no.2, pp.71-76, 1990-02-20 (Released:2012-11-20)

参考文献数

10

被引用文献数

1 1

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中国産の生漆から透ろいろ漆, 透つや漆, 黒ろいろ漆及び黒つや漆の4種の漆を製漆し, 漆膜を作成した。これらについて熱機械分析, 熱重量分析及び示差走査熱量分析を行った。その結果, 120℃以下においては数パーセントの重量減少とともに吸熱現象が認められたが, これは漆中の残存水分によるものであった。また100~200℃では, 逆に発熱現象が認められると同時に線膨張係数の低下を示すことから, 網目構造の形成が行われていると考えられる。なお, 上記4種の漆の間には熱的に本質的な差異は認められなかったが, 透漆の方が黒漆よりも若干低温側から収縮現象が始まることが認められた。

著者

Yutaro Osako Hisayo Yamane Ryunhee Kim Hisashi Miyagawa Ryutaro Tao

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-352, (Released:2022-05-19)

被引用文献数

1

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Seed size affects the edible portion rate of lychee fruit and is therefore an important trait for fruit quality in lychee (Litchi chinensis). Lychee fruits can be classified into four categories in terms of seed properties: normal, small, aborted seed and seedless. ‘Salathiel’ is known to bear a relatively high rate of aborted-seeded (pseudo-parthenocarpy, stenospermocarpy) and seedless (parthenocarpy) fruit regardless of environmental and cultivation conditions. In other horticultural fruit crops, such as tomato, auxin metabolism and signaling is critical for parthenocarpy, although auxin metabolism has not been characterized in relation to (pseudo) parthenocarpy in lychee. The purpose of this study was to characterize the physiological and morphological properties of maternal reproductive organs in ‘Salathiel’ female flowers, with a specific focus on the associated auxin metabolism. Microscopic observations of the internal structures of the ‘Salathiel’ embryo revealed that ‘Salathiel’ reproductive organ differentiation is similar to that of normal-seeded cultivars. However, the obturator was significantly smaller in ‘Salathiel’ than in other normal-seeded cultivars, suggesting that specific developmental characteristics may exist in the maternal reproductive organs of ‘Salathiel’. Our investigation of indole acetic acid (IAA) contents revealed that IAA levels were significantly higher in ‘Salathiel’ than in other cultivars. Moreover, the IAA metabolite contents also differed significantly between ‘Salathiel’ and the normal-seeded and small-seeded cultivars. Specifically, N-3-hydroxy-2-oxindole-3-acetyl glutamic acid contents were significantly higher in ‘Salathiel’ than in ‘Yu Her Pau’ and ‘Hei Ye’. 3-hydroxy-2-oxindole-3-acetic acid was lower in ‘Yu Her Pau’ and ‘Salathiel’ than in ‘Hei Ye’, while indole-acetylaspartic acid was significantly lower in ‘Salathiel’ compared to ‘Hei Ye’. Expression analyses of the genes related to auxin biosynthesis, catabolism, transport, and signaling indicated that the IAA influx-related and efflux-related gene expression levels were respectively higher and lower in ‘Salathiel’ than in the other cultivars, which is consistent with the increased IAA accumulation in the ‘Salathiel’ ovary. The possible involvement of auxin metabolism in the aborted-seeded and seedless fruit production in ‘Salathiel’ is discussed herein.

著者

Masumi Yamagishi

出版者

The Japanese Society for Horticultural Science

雑誌

The Horticulture Journal (ISSN:21890102)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.UTD-373, (Released:2022-05-25)

被引用文献数

2

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The lily MYB12 gene, a positive regulator of anthocyanin biosynthesis, is targeted by microRNA828 (miR828). In bicolor tepals of Asiatic hybrid lilies with white lower halves and pigmented upper halves, accumulation levels of miR828 are higher in the lower halves than in the upper halves, and action of MYB12 is suppressed in the lower halves, resulting in bicolor tepal development. This is a newly identified mechanism of color pattern development in flowers. However, which wild species has donated the miR828-mediated bicolor tepal traits to these hybrid lilies is uncertain, and whether miR828-dependent pattern development occurs in species other than Lilium and is responsible for other types of color patterns is unknown. In this study, miR828 accumulation levels were compared between anthocyanin pigmented and unpigmented regions of flowers in lilies and other species. Lilium dauricum is among the parental wild species of Asiatic hybrid lilies. Lilium dauricum showed bicolor tepals, in which anthocyanins highly accumulated in the upper halves, and miR828 accumulation was more than 10 times higher in the lower halves than in the upper halves. Thus, the profile of miR828 accumulation was similar to that found in bicolor cultivars of Asiatic hybrid lilies. It is possible that the miR828-mediated bicolor tepal trait in Asiatic hybrid lilies is derived from L. dauricum. In L. cernuum var. album and an Oriental hybrid lily ‘Dizzy’, the suppression of MYB12 expression causes unpigmented tepals or tepal regions, but the unpigmented regions are spatially different from those in bicolor tepals of Asiatic hybrid lilies. MiR828 accumulation levels were similar between white and pink flowers of L. cernuum, and rather higher in pigmented regions than white regions of ‘Dizzy’ tepals, suggesting little involvement of miR828 in MYB12 expression suppression. MiR828 accumulation levels were evaluated in bicolor flowers of cherry sage, tulip, and Alstroemeria, but differences in miR828 accumulation were not detected between red and white petal/tepal regions, indicating that the mechanisms by which the bicolor flowers developed in these species are likely different from that occurring in Asiatic hybrid lilies and L. dauricum. Thus, the miR828/R2R3-MYB module is likely responsible for color only in lily flowers and only for the color pattern that consists of lower un-pigmented and upper pigmented regions.

著者

Yasushi MIYASHITA

出版者

The Japan Academy

雑誌

Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B (ISSN:03862208)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.98, no.3, pp.93-111, 2022-03-11 (Released:2022-03-11)

参考文献数

113

被引用文献数

4

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The cerebral cortex performs its computations with many six-layered fundamental units, collectively spreading along the cortical sheet. What is the local network structure and the operating dynamics of such a fundamental unit? Previous investigations of primary sensory areas revealed a classic “canonical” circuit model, leading to an expectation of similar circuit organization and dynamics throughout the cortex. This review clarifies the different circuit dynamics at play in the higher association cortex of primates that implements computation for high-level cognition such as memory and attention. Instead of feedforward processing of response selectivity through Layers 4 to 2/3 that the classic canonical circuit stipulates, memory recall in primates occurs in Layer 5/6 with local backward projection to Layer 2/3, after which the retrieved information is sent back from Layer 6 to lower-level cortical areas for further retrieval of nested associations of target attributes. In this review, a novel “dynamic multimode module (D3M)” in the primate association cortex is proposed, as a new “canonical” circuit model performing this operation.

著者

木村 和文 西村 恒彦

出版者

一般社団法人 日本臨床化学会

雑誌

臨床化学 (ISSN:03705633)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2, no.4, pp.369-378, 1974-03-25 (Released:2012-11-27)

参考文献数

9

著者

菅谷 彪 若月 俊一

出版者

一般社団法人 日本農村医学会

雑誌

日本農村医学会雑誌 (ISSN:04682513)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, no.5, pp.724-747, 1981-01-25 (Released:2011-08-11)

参考文献数

77

被引用文献数

1 1

著者

黒野 保三 平松 由江 松本 美富士 渡 仲三

出版者

公益社団法人 全日本鍼灸学会

雑誌

全日本鍼灸学会雑誌 (ISSN:02859955)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.12-17, 1983-09-01 (Released:2011-05-30)

参考文献数

19

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健康人9名における鍼治療の免疫反応への影響のうち, in vitro における各種リンパ球機能の変化について検討を行なった。脈診法により2穴を選穴し通電刺激を行ない, その前後におけるリンパ球機能について末梢血リンパ球を用いて検討した。対照は大腿四頭筋中央部より2穴を選穴し同様の結果とした。鍼刺激直後が最大で240分後も上昇・増強を認めた。T-リンパ球の非特異的刺激物質である, PHA, ConAおよびB-リンパ球刺激物質としてのPWMとNK細胞活性に有意な上昇を認めた。対照については変化が認められなかった。経穴への鍼刺激によってヒトのリンパ球機能に変動が認められた。従って鍼治療が各種疾患に有効であることは免疫反応系に関与していることを示唆する。

著者

Kensuke Yasui Noriyuki Miyoshi Hiroki Tanabe Yoko Ishigami Ryuuta Fukutomi Shinjiro Imai Mamoru Isemura

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.2, pp.119-125, 2011 (Released:2011-05-03)

参考文献数

15

被引用文献数

2 3

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Many biological activities of green tea have been attributed to a major constituent, (-)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). We previously reported that EGCG and a catechin-rich green tea beverage modulated the gene expression of gluconeogenic enzymes, glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), in the mouse liver. However, it remains to be examined whether or not a constituent other than EGCG contributes to the change in gene expression of these enzymes. In this study, we separated the hot water infusion of green tea leaves (GT) into an ethanol-soluble fraction (GT-E) and an EGCG-free water-soluble fraction (GT-W), and examined their effects using rat hepatoma H4IIE cells. The inclusion of GT, GT-E, and GT-W in the culture medium reduced the gene expression of G6Pase and PEPCK. GT-W caused a decrease in expression of the transcription factor HNF4α. Reduced levels of PEPCK and HNF4α proteins were demonstrated in the cells treated with GT-W. GT-W showed an activity similar to insulin, but different from EGCG. Administration of GT-W to mice for 4 weeks reduced the hepatic expression of G6Pase, PEPCK, and HNF4α. These results suggest that green tea contains some component(s) with insulin-like activity distinguishable from EGCG and that drinking green tea may help to prevent diabetes.

著者

Kensuke Yasui Noriko Paeng Noriyuki Miyoshi Takuji Suzuki Kyoko Taguchi Yoko Ishigami Ryuuta Fukutomi Shinjiro Imai Mamoru Isemura Tsutomu Nakayama

出版者

Biomedical Research Press

雑誌

Biomedical Research (ISSN:03886107)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.1, pp.9-13, 2012 (Released:2012-02-24)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

14 18

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Many biological activities of green tea have been attributed to a major constituent, (minus;)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). We previously reported that EGCG and an EGCG-free fraction derived from green tea modulated the gene expression of gluconeogenic enzymes, glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, in the mouse liver. EGCG is also known to affect the gene expression of enzymes related to lipid metabolism. However, it remains to be examined whether or not a constituent other than EGCG contributes to the change in gene expression of these enzymes. In this study, we prepared an EGCG-free water-soluble fraction (GT-W), and examined its effects on the hepatic gene expression of lipogenic enzymes in mice. The results of quantitative real-time PCR assays indicated that the dietary administration of GT-W for 4 weeks reduced the hepatic gene expression of lipogenic enzymes: fatty acid synthase, hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase, and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase alpha. Also, the gene expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor (Srebf)1 and/or Srebf2 was reduced, suggesting that the reduction of Srebfs contributed to the down-regulation of the lipogenic enzymes, since these transcription factors bind the promoter region to enhance their expression. The plasma levels of triglycerides and cholesterol were reduced with statistical significance in the group given a diet containing GT-W. These results suggest that in addition to EGCG, green tea contains some component(s) which may help to prevent arteriosclerosis and obesity.

著者

押谷 仁

出版者

一般社団法人 日本保健医療社会福祉学会

雑誌

保健医療社会福祉研究 (ISSN:24350060)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.29, pp.1-8, 2021-03-31 (Released:2022-03-25)

著者

小柳津 勤 下田 満哉 松本 清 後藤 正

出版者

公益社団法人 日本食品科学工学会

雑誌

日本食品科学工学会誌 (ISSN:1341027X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.49, no.5, pp.327-334, 2002-05-15 (Released:2010-01-20)

参考文献数

26

被引用文献数

4 5

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茶芽の熟度が緑茶の香気成分の変化に及ぼす影響を明らかにし検討を加えた.茶葉は'やぶきた'品種園から一番茶期および二番茶期において生育初期の極若い茶芽から生育の進んだ極硬い茶芽まで数日置きに17回摘採し,速やかに荒茶製造した.官能検査スコアと中性デタージェント繊維含有率との間には-0.859の高い負の相関があり,茶芽熟度は若芽香(みる芽香)およびこわ葉臭に大きく影響することが認められた.GC分析およびGC-MS分析により128成分が検出され,75成分が同定された.主成分分析の結果,摘採時期による香気成分の特徴的な変動を明らかにすることができた.(E,E)-2, 4-heptadienal, (E,Z)-2, 4-heptadienal, (Z)-2-penten-1-ol, hexanal, (Z)-2-heptenalは,一,二番茶とも摘採初期には含有率が低く,茶芽熟度の進行に伴って含有率が高くなったことから,こわ葉臭への寄与が示唆された.linalool oxide (cis-pyranoid), coumarin, 7, 8-dihydro-β-ionone, (E)-2-hydroxycinnamic acid, heptanoic acidは,一,二番茶とも摘採前期に高い含有率を示し,茶芽熟度の進行に伴って含有率が低下したことから,若芽香や新鮮香など新茶の香りに寄与している可能性が示唆された.linalool, geraniol, linalool oxide (furanoid)は,一番茶で茶芽熟度が進むに従い含有率が高くなり,摘採後期には高い含有率を示したが,二番茶ではその傾向が小さく含有率も低かったことから,こわ葉臭や木茎臭への寄与は小さいと考えられた.(Z)-3-hexen-1-ol, methyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate, methyl jasmonate, indoleは,摘採時期の影響を受けなかったことから,緑茶本来の香りに寄与する成分と考えられた.

著者

金子 友暁 横山 博史 佐藤 充 西川原 理仁 柳田 秀記

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集 (ISSN:21879761)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.22-00044, (Released:2022-05-25)

参考文献数

16

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For a small axial fan in a duct, the effects of acoustic resonance occurring in the duct on the flow around the fan are focused on. To clarify the condition for the intense acoustic resonance, the effects of the rotational speed and duct width on the flow and acoustic fields around the fan were investigated by compressible flow simulations with a volume penalization method. The computational methods were validated by comparing the predicted static pressure rise and aerodynamic sound by the fan with those measured. The sound pressure level became most intense for a specific rotational speed, where the acoustic resonance occurs at the blade passing frequency in the upstream duct. Although the overall tendency of the increase in the static pressure coefficient was found for a higher rotational speed with the thinner momentum thickness around the blade surface, the static pressure coefficient drops at the rotational speed for the acoustic resonance. Moreover, the acoustic resonance became more intense for a narrower duct width. In this condition, flow disturbances occur near the wall of the bell-mouthed inlet of upstream duct due to the acoustic resonance, which prompts the inflow turbulence to the fan. To clarify the effects of the acoustic resonance on the flow around the fan, the computation with the artificially suppressed acoustic resonance was also performed and the predicted flow fields were compared with those with intense acoustic resonance for the same rotational speed and duct width. The incoming flow to the fan is confirmed to become more turbulent when the acoustic resonance occurs, which promotes the spreading of the tip vortices between rotor blades. As a result, the blade loading decreases and the turbulence in the blade wake leading to mixing loss becomes intense, causing the static pressure rise by the fan to decrease.

著者

玉城 英彦

出版者

日本民族衛生学会

雑誌

民族衛生 (ISSN:03689395)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.76, no.1, pp.1-2, 2010 (Released:2010-03-25)

著者

耳塚 寛明

出版者

日本教育社会学会

雑誌

教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.80, pp.23-39, 2007-05-31 (Released:2018-07-01)

参考文献数

22

被引用文献数

8 4

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The measurement of children’s academic achievements and the explanation of differences between social classes should not be dismissed by sociologists of education. Although inequality is a major theme of the field, the sociology of education has lacked empirical evidence on the structure of disparities in academic achievements. This is partly due to the difficulties involved in collecting sufficient data on academic achievement through schools.In and after 2002, studies were begun on the relationship between academic achievement and social class in Japan. At the time, schools were being heavily criticized within the context of the debate over falling children’s academic achievements. Some significant surveys were administered at that time, though they were small in number. However, they left some important issue to be solved. The first is that analyses of the determinants of academic achievement are inadequate for clarifying what factors will diminish class differences in achievement. The second concerns the reliability and validity of the variables collected. In particular, variables on the economic conditions of households are lacking. Finally, the surveys were conducted only in large cities.This paper examines the factors that affect children’s academic achievements, and the extent of the effect of such factors, through an analysis of the data of the Japan Education Longitudinal Study 2003 (JELS2003). JELS2003 was conducted in two areas: one a middle-sized city within the capital metropolitan areas, and the other a small local city. It also contains variables about the economic conditions of households.The major findings of the paper are as follows.1. In the small local city, the differences of academic achievement between social classes were relatively small.2. In the middle-sized city within the metropolitan area, children’s academic achievements were affected by the level of monthly educational expenses, level of educational expectations of the child, and income level of the family.Inequalities in children’s academic achievements in our society should be grasped in the context of the substitution of “parentocracy” for meritocracy.

著者

下鶴 大輔

出版者

Tokyo Geographical Society

雑誌

地学雑誌 (ISSN:0022135X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.98, no.6, pp.782-790, 1989-12-05 (Released:2009-11-12)

参考文献数

37

被引用文献数

4 1

著者

Kanako Ota Kazumasa Yamagishi Rie Kishida Tomomi Kihara Renzhe Cui Akiko Tamakoshi Hiroyasu Iso for the JACC Study group

出版者

Japan Atherosclerosis Society

雑誌

Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis (ISSN:13403478)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.63321, (Released:2022-05-18)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

3

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Aim: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association between age at menarche and risk of cardiovascular disease mortality. Methods: In total, 54,937 women aged 40-79 years old between 1988 and 1990 without a history of cardiovascular disease were eligible for analysis and were followed through December 2009. We used the Cox proportional hazards models to examine the association between age at menarche and risk of cardiovascular disease. Results: Compared with women with age at menarche of 15 years, the hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) of stroke were 1.22 (0.85-1.75) for women with age at menarche of 9-12 years, 1.08 (0.85-1.36) for those of 13 years, 1.23 (1.02-1.47) for those of 14 years, 1.27 (1.07-1.50) for those of 16 years, 1.16 (0.95-1.41) for those of 17 years, and 1.39(1.16-1.68) for those of 18-20 years (P for trend=0.045). A similar pattern was observed for hemorrhagic stroke, ischemic stroke, and total cardiovascular disease. No such association was found for coronary heart disease. When stratified by age, for women aged 40-59 at baseline, the similar U-shaped association was observed. In contrast, for women aged 60-79 years at baseline, a significantly high hazard ratio was noted in the group of late age at menarche, but not in the group of early age at menarche. Conclusions: Both women with early and late age at menarche were determined to have higher risk of death from stroke and cardiovascular disease.

著者

DATT Ishan CAMARGO Suzana J. SOBEL Adam H. MCTAGGART-COWAN Ron WANG Zhuo

出版者

公益社団法人 日本気象学会

雑誌

気象集誌. 第2輯 (ISSN:00261165)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.2022-037, (Released:2022-05-13)

被引用文献数

3

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A significant fraction of tropical cyclones develop in baroclinic environments, following tropical cyclogenesis “pathways” that are characterized by dynamical processes often associated with higher latitudes. This study investigates whether such storms are more likely to undergo subsequent extratropical transition than those that develop in more typical, non-baroclinic environments. We consider tropical cyclones globally in the period 1979-2011 using best-track datasets, and define the genesis pathway of each storm using McTaggart-Cowan's classification: non-baroclinic, low-level baroclinic, trough-induced, weak and strong tropical transition. In each basin, we analyze the total number and the fraction of storms that underwent extratropical transition, their seasonality, and storm tracks, according to their genesis pathways. The relationship between the pathways and extratropical transition is statistically significant in the North Atlantic and Western North Pacific, where the strong tropical transition and the trough-induced pathways have a significantly greater extratropical fraction compared to all other pathways, respectively. Latitude, longitude and environmental factors such as sea surface temperature and vertical shear were further analyzed to explore whether storms in these pathways happen to be in environments conducive to extratropical transition, or whether a “memory” of the genesis pathway persists throughout the storm life cycle. After controlling for genesis latitude, the relationship between the strong tropical transition and trough induced pathways, and extratropical transition occurrence remains statistically significant, implying a lasting effect from the pathway on the probability of an eventual extratropical transition.

著者

金澤 浩 浦辺 幸夫 岩本 久生 白川 泰山

出版者

日本理学療法士協会(現 一般社団法人日本理学療法学会連合)

雑誌

理学療法学Supplement Vol.35 Suppl. No.2 (第43回日本理学療法学術大会 抄録集)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.A0475, 2008 (Released:2008-05-13)

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【目的】腱損傷や腱断裂の術後などでは腱組織の伸張性の改善が求められる.その際のリハビリテーションではストレッチングを用いる場合が多いが,ストレッチングによって生じる腱組織の伸張量は明確ではない.腱組織の伸張を目的としたストレッチングを効果的に実施しようとする場合,実施時間と腱組織の伸張量との関係を知る必要がある.本研究の目的は,下腿三頭筋をストレッチングし,アキレス腱伸張量とストレッチング時間との関係を調査してアキレス腱の伸張に有効なストレッチング時間を決定することである.【方法】対象は下肢に傷害の既往がなく,特別なスポーツ活動を行っていない健康な成人女性40名とした.方法は,まずデジタル超音波診断装置(EUB-6500,(株)日立メディコ)とリニア型プローブ(EUP-L54MA,(株)日立メディコ)を用い,安静立位の超音波画像上で右の腓腹筋内側頭の筋腱移行部を確認し,その位置の皮膚にマーカーを付けた.また,踵骨隆起の位置を確認して皮膚にマーカーを付け,二点間の距離をアキレス腱長とした.対象は足関節最大背屈角度に設定されたストレッチングボード上で立位をとった.ストレッチング終了直後,再び安静立位でアキレス腱長を測定し,ストレッチング前後のアキレス腱長を比較した.ストレッチング時間は,1分,2分,3分,5分,10分の5種類とした.1回のストレッチングの影響が最長で4日間持続するという報告があることから,各測定の間隔を5日以上とした.測定は同じ時間帯に行い,実施時間の順序は無作為に選択した.本研究は,医療法人エム・エム会マッターホルン病院倫理審査委員会の承認を得て行った.【結果】安静立位のアキレス腱長の平均は182.4±23.1mmだった.ストレッチング後,アキレス腱は,1分で3.3±1.5mm,2分で6.6±2.1mm,3分で6.8±0.4mm, 5分で7.1±0.5mm,10分で7.4±0.5mm伸張され,1分と2分では有意に伸張されたが(p<0.01),それより長い時間では伸張量に差は認められなかった.【考察】10分のストレッチングでアキレス腱は平均7.3mm伸張された.久保ら(2006)は,足関節底背屈0°で底屈方向への等尺性最大随意収縮時の腱組織の最大伸張量は20歳代で14.4mmだったと報告した.腱組織はストレッチングよりも筋収縮によってさらに伸張される可能性を示しており,腱損傷後などのリハビリテーションで段階的なストレッチングを実施する際に示唆を与えるかもしれない.アキレス腱伸張量とストレッチング時間との関係については,ストレッチングを3分以上行っても2分のアキレス腱長と差がなかったことから,腱組織の伸張を目的としたストレッチングは2分間で十分であると考えられた.【まとめ】本研究の結果,アキレス腱の伸張を目的としたストレッチングは2分で有効であることがわかった.

著者

中原 啓太 籔脇 健司

出版者

一般社団法人 日本作業療法士協会

雑誌

作業療法 (ISSN:02894920)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.1, pp.52-60, 2021-02-15 (Released:2021-02-15)

参考文献数

32

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要旨:本研究の目的は,地域在住高齢者の健康関連QOLに対して,作業参加,環境因子,運動量がどのように影響するか統計学的に検証することである.対象は,地域活動などに参加している高齢者105名とした.横断研究デザインを用い,先行研究に基づいて作成した仮説モデルを構造方程式モデリングで検討した.結果,最終モデルの適合度は基準を満たし,標準化係数は環境因子から作業参加が0.574,作業参加から健康関連QOLが0.574,運動量から健康関連QOLが0.312となり,全て有意となった.地域在住高齢者の健康関連QOLに対して,環境因子と因果関係にある作業参加を促進することが,運動量のみに焦点を当てるよりも強い影響を与えることが明らかとなった.

著者

小木曽 望 内海 智仁 室津 義定

出版者

一般社団法人 日本航空宇宙学会

雑誌

日本航空宇宙学会論文集 (ISSN:13446460)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.586, pp.458-465, 2002 (Released:2003-09-02)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1 1

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This study is concerned with a shape optimum design of a propeller blade operating in a low Reynolds number range, 1.0–2.0×105. The objective is to minimize the power-required under the constraints on the thrust and the angle of attack in terms of chord length and twist angle distributions where the power-required is evaluated by 3-D panel method. The profile drag is also considered in the optimization, because the effect cannot be ignored in a low Reynolds number range. For calculation efficiency, the profile drag coefficient is approximated by higher order polynomials in terms of Reynolds number and angle of attack. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by the design of a propeller blade of a human-powered aircraft. Additionally, effect of the profile drag is discussed by comparing the designs with and without considering the profile drag.