著者

有田 隆一 加瀬 篤志 大場 謙吉

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会論文集B編 (ISSN:18848346)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.77, no.775, pp.823-831, 2011 (Released:2011-03-25)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

3

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The purpose of this research is to elucidate the mechanism of aerodynamic force generation and control in flapping flight of a mosquito. In this paper, a tenfold enlarged realistic model of the flapping wing was used to simulate the motion of the mosquito's wing and flow pattern around it. Experiments were conducted using a very low speed wind tunnel to coincide the condition of Reynolds and Strouhal numbers with those of real mosquito. The flow field around the wing model was analyzed by a stereo-PIV system. The aerodynamic forces generated by the model wings were calculated by using a momentum conservation law applied to the flow field. In these experiments, two unsteady ring vortexes around model wings were observed. The magnitude and direction of the jet flow induced by the ring vortex were greatly influenced by the attack angle. It was found that the lift was generated during the down-stroke and the thrust during the up-stroke in the real mosquito's flight.

著者

石川 一彦

出版者

一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会

雑誌

映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.64, no.4, pp.510-513, 2010-01-01 (Released:2012-03-28)

著者

Tatsunori MASATANI Masahito ASADA Madoka ICHIKAWA-SEKI Miho USUI Mohamad A. TERKAWI Kei HAYASHI Shin-ichiro KAWAZU Xuenan XUAN

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0274, (Released:2013-09-11)

被引用文献数

4 8

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Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) are a family of antioxidant enzymes. Here, we cloned a 2-Cys Prx, BgTPx-1, from the canine Babesia parasite B. gibsoni. Sequence identity between BgTPx-1 and 2-Cys Prx of B. bovis was 81% at the amino acid level. Enzyme activity assay by using recombinant BgTPx-1 (rBgTPx-1) indicated that BgTPx-1 has antioxidant activity. Antiserum from a mouse immunized with rBgTPx-1 reacted with parasite lysates and detect a protein with a monomeric size of 22 kDa and also a 44 kDa protein, which might be an inefficiently reduced dimer. BgTPx-1 was expressed in the cytoplasm of B. gibsoni merozoites. These results suggest that the BgTPx-1 may play a role to control redox balance in the cytoplasm of B. gibsoni.

著者

Mari Namura Mitsuru Motoyoshi Yasuhiro Namura Noriyoshi Shimizu

出版者

日本大学歯学部

雑誌

Journal of Oral Science (ISSN:13434934)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.50, no.1, pp.45-51, 2008 (Released:2008-04-11)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

4 10

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Although orthodontic treatment improves dentoalveolar problems, the facial profile seldom changes because the perioral muscles do not easily adapt to the new morphological circumstances. We employed proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), which is training with added resisted movement to motions such as lifting the upper lip, lowering the lower lip, and sticking out the tongue, to adapt the perioral muscles to the new morphological circumstances. The subjects were 40 adults with an average age of 29.6 years. A series of PNF exercises was performed three times per day for 1 month. Lateral facial photographs were taken using a digital camera before training (T0), after training (T1), and 1 month after the end of training (T2). The nasolabial (NL), mentolabial (ML), and mentocervical (MC) angles were measured, and linear measurements were taken to verify the change of each measurement point. In the test group, the NL and ML angles significantly increased (P < 0.05), and the MC angle significantly decreased after the PNF exercise. From T1 to T2, the NL and ML angles decreased significantly, while the MC angle increased significantly. No significant differences were observed in these angles when the values measured at T0 and T2 were compared. Although the training appeared to be effective for sharpening the mouth and submandibular region, continued training is necessary to avoid relapse. (J. Oral Sci. 50, 45-51, 2008)

著者

Naoki Nakagawa Yoshimune Nonomura

出版者

(社)日本化学会

雑誌

Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.8, pp.818-819, 2011-08-05 (Released:2011-07-02)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

5

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We observed the drying process of Pickering emulsions with a microscope. In the case of water-in-oil (w/o) emulsions stabilized by common surfactants, the emulsion droplets shrunk while maintaining their spherical shapes. On the other hand, in the case of w/o emulsions stabilized by solid particles, wrinkles occurred and expanded on the droplet surfaces. The colorant dissolved in the water phase remained in a wide area after drying.

著者

Yoshimune Nonomura Masahiro Yamane

出版者

(社)日本化学会

雑誌

Chemistry Letters (ISSN:03667022)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.37, no.4, pp.406-407, 2008-04-05 (Released:2008-03-01)

参考文献数

12

被引用文献数

1

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We found self-motion and accelerated dissolution of a fatty acid particle at the oil–water interface. The dissolution time at the interface was 15–20 times shorter than that in the oil phase. The driving force of the self-motion and the accelerated dissolution is the Marangoni flow induced by the spatial heterogeneity of a fatty acid layer at the oil–water interface.

著者

Kuniyasu SODA Yoshihiko KANO Masako SAKURAGI Koichi TAKAO Alan LEFOR Fumio KONISHI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.4, pp.361-366, 2009 (Released:2009-09-18)

参考文献数

19

被引用文献数

28 107

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Although the intracellular de novo synthesis of the polyamines decreases with age, there is no similar trend in blood polyamine levels, but rather there is wide individual variability. We hypothesized that dietary polyamines attenuate a decrease in blood polyamine levels with age and augment the previously observed individual variability. The effect of a polyamine rich diet, in both mice and humans, on blood polyamine concentrations was examined in this study. Jc1:ICR male mice were fed test diets containing 3 different polyamine concentrations. Healthy human male volunteers added 50 to 100 g of the polyamine-rich fermented soybean product, natto, to their daily intake. After 26 wk, the mean blood spermine concentration in mice receiving the test diet with high polyamine concentrations was 10.1±2.4 μmol/L, while the mean concentrations found in mice fed with a diet with normal or low polyamine concentrations were 5.2±0.9 and 4.7±0.5 μmol/L, respectively (p<0.05). A mean daily intake of 66.4±3.7 g (range=46.4-89.3 g) of natto for 2 mo by human volunteers increased the mean blood spermine concentration by a factor of 1.39 (n=10) (p<0.01), while in control volunteers (n=7), asked to exclude polyamine-rich foods from their diet, blood spermine concentration remained unchanged. The individual variability of blood polyamine levels was enhanced after polyamine intake in mice and, to a lesser extent, in humans. The long-term oral intake of enhanced polyamine diets increases blood polyamine levels in both mice and humans.

著者

大内 田鶴子

出版者

日本社会学会

雑誌

社会学評論 (ISSN:00215414)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.4, pp.20-34, 1982-03-31 (Released:2009-10-19)

参考文献数

38

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今日まで「都市の類型学」をM・ウェーバーの科学方法論と結びつけて解釈する試みは殆んどなされていない。しかし、ウェーバーがG.フオン・ベローに宛てた手紙と、「古代農業事情」の末尾に付けられた注の内容とに注意してみると、「都市の類型学」は因果帰属の問題と関連をもつように思われる。特に後者は都市比較論についての覚書であり、その方法的手続は論文「文化科学の論理の領域における批判的研究」で展開されている客観的可能性判断と適合的因果帰属の思考図式に対応している。このためウェーバーが都市の歴史的具体的研究を行いながら並行して、客観的可能性判断と適合的因果帰属の方法論的実験と試行錯誤を繰り広げていたことが考えられる。「都市の類型学」の錯綜した構成はその結果であろう。このような観点から「都市の類型学」を方法論的に精査し合せてウェーバーの論理学的な主張を再検討すると次のような諸問題が明らかになる。第一に、「都市の類型学」はウェーバーの歴史学的接近法から独自の社会学的接近法への方法論的転換期に位置づけられる。第二に、右の位置づけの論理的基礎づけをそれが与えるのであるが、客観的可能性判断と適合的因果帰属の思考図式は、「理論」と「歴史」との関係を明らかにし、社会学の理論の性格を理解する上での示唆を与えている。

著者

佐原 秋生

出版者

一般社団法人 日本調理科学会

雑誌

日本調理科学会誌 (ISSN:13411535)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.40, no.3, pp.221-222, 2007-06-20 (Released:2013-04-26)

著者

片野 修 中村 智幸 山本 祥一郎 阿部 信一郎

出版者

公益社団法人 日本水産学会

雑誌

日本水産学会誌 (ISSN:00215392)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.70, no.6, pp.902-909, 2004 (Released:2005-07-08)

参考文献数

25

被引用文献数

8 9

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浦野川において魚類の種組成, 個体密度, 成長率および食物関係について調査した。合計で14種, 7,052個体の魚類が採集された。オイカワがもっとも優占し40%以上の個体数を占め, ついでドジョウ, ウグイ, カマツカが多かった。これらの魚種は6月から8月にかけて正の成長を示した。大半の魚はユスリカなどの水生昆虫を捕食していたが, オイカワだけは底生藻類を主食としていた。浦野川の調査区においてはナマズなどの魚食性魚類がほとんど生息しておらず, その生態的地位が空白となっている。したがって, オオクチバスなどの外来魚食魚の侵入が危惧される。

著者

平山 匡彦 田中 秀和 鈴木 慎太郎 永富 亜紀 作元 誠司 北原 敏弘 宮崎 長一郎 吉谷 清光 佐藤 宏樹 堀 里子 三木 晶子 澤田 康文

出版者

一般社団法人日本医薬品情報学会

雑誌

医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.57-63, 2013 (Released:2013-09-05)

参考文献数

2

被引用文献数

1

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Objective: The revised Pharmaceutical Affairs Act that came into force in June 2009 prohibits the sale of nonprescription drugs via mail.  However, as a provisional measure, regular users and inhabitants of remote islands who do not have access to pharmacies or drug stores are allowed to purchase nonprescription drugs via mail until the end of May 2013.  This study involves a survey on the purchasing of nonprescription drugs by Internet-illiterate inhabitants of the remote Goto Islands, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan.Methods: Our process began with the distribution of questionnaires via mail to inhabitants of the remote Goto Islands, of whom 3,819 were randomly selected.  The responses were sent between January 22 and February 26, 2011.  We analyzed problems presented by 522 inhabitants who were Internet-illiterate.Results: The results revealed that 57.3% of the respondents living on large islands—with pharmacies, drug stores, and pharmacists— (e.g., Fukueshima) and 85.3% of respondents living on small islands scattered around large islands—with none of the abovementioned amenities— (e.g., Maeshima) were Internet-illiterate.  Additionally, a majority of the respondents (more than 80%) felt no need to purchase nonprescription drugs over the Internet.  However, considering that a handful of these inhabitants do, or will at some time need to purchase nonprescription drugs over the Internet, we strive to establish an optimal system for supplying medications to these Internet-illiterate inhabitants.Conclusion: Community pharmacists need to establish close relationships with the Internet illiterate (particularly those living on small islands) and promote the overall appropriate use of medicinal products.

著者

熊澤 一正 大杉 奉功 西田 守一 浅見 和弘 鎌田 健太郎 沖津 二朗 中井 克樹 五十嵐 崇博 船橋 昇治 岩見 洋一 中沢 重一

出版者

応用生態工学会

雑誌

応用生態工学 (ISSN:13443755)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, no.2, pp.171-185, 2012 (Released:2013-04-24)

参考文献数

30

被引用文献数

3

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福島県阿武隈川水系三春ダムの蛇沢川前貯水池において,岸に平行して定置網を設置し,人為的に水位低下させることで魚類を網内に集結させて魚類を捕獲した.フィールドとした三春ダムは制限水位方式のダムであり,非洪水期 (10 月 11 日 ~ 6 月 10 日) から洪水期 (6 月 11 日 ~ 10 月 10 日) にかけて,貯水位を 8 m 低下させる運用をしている.捕獲試験は,2007 年 ~ 2011 年に実施した.捕獲した魚類のうち,外来魚のオオクチバスとブルーギルは回収し,それ以外の在来魚等は再放流した.オオクチバスの大型個体は,前貯水池と本貯水池の連結部 (幅 5 m) で多く捕獲でき,これは繁殖のために遊泳している個体と考えられた.一方,ブルーギルはこの時期は遊泳せず,浅い場所に集まっていた.水位低下を利用した定置網での捕獲の結果,オオクチバスと 2 歳魚以上のブルーギルは年々減少し,ギンブナをはじめとする在来魚等は増加傾向であった.在来魚等の若い個体が継続的に生産・維持されることが水域の魚類群集のバランスを保つ上で重要である.蛇沢川前貯水池では,2010 年以降,貯水池内で繁殖したギンブナ,コイの若い個体が顕著に増加しており,捕獲による駆除の効果と考えられる.

著者

水田 孝信 和泉 潔 八木 勲 吉村 忍

出版者

一般社団法人 電気学会

雑誌

電気学会論文誌C(電子・情報・システム部門誌) (ISSN:03854221)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.133, no.9, pp.1694-1700, 2013-09-01 (Released:2013-09-01)

参考文献数

15

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We built an artificial market model and compared effects of price variation limits, short sell regulations and up-tick rules. In the case without the regulations, the price fell to below a fundamental value when economic bubble bursts occurred. On the other hand, in the case with the regulations, this over-shooting did not occur and the market was more effective. However, the short sell regulation and the up-tick rule caused the trading prices to be higher than the fundamental value. To summarize these points, the price variation limits have the potential to make the market more effective. We also surveyed an adequate limitation price range and an adequate limitation time span for the price variation limit and found a parameters' condition of the price variation limit to prevent the over-shoots.

著者

Muhammad Imran Abdullah Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf Janjua Muhammad Faizan Nazar Asif Mahmood

出版者

(社)日本化学会

雑誌

Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan (ISSN:00092673)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.20130146, (Released:2013-08-31)

被引用文献数

35 7

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In the present study, ten metal free dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have been designed. These dyes have designed by structural modification of TC4. Density functional theory was used for structure optimization and determination of photo-physical properties. These dyes contain triphenylamine as electron-donor and cyanoacrylic acid as acceptor. Five π-spacers are used to connect the donor and acceptor. Two auxiliary donors are also used to assist the donor. Results of this study indicate that stronger electron-donating auxiliary groups and longer π-conjugation enhance, while electron-withdrawing fluorine at a π-spacer decreases the performance of dyes in DSSC. As compared to auxiliary electron-donors, π-spacers have a strong impact on the performance of the dyes in the DSSCs. Major absorption peaks of all dyes were in the visible region. These absorption peaks are associated with the π-π* transitions of the entire molecule. From calculations it is clear that all dyes will be good photosensitizers in DSSC. The present calculations will provide new ways for experimentalists to synthesize high-performance dyes.

著者

潟岡 孝昭

出版者

日本英学史学会

雑誌

英学史研究 (ISSN:03869490)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1970, no.2, pp.144-156, 1970-09-30 (Released:2009-09-16)

参考文献数

17

被引用文献数

1

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同志社英学校の開校当初の状態については, 既に同志社大学関係者によって詳細に述べ尽され, 現在もなお同志社社史々料編集所において調査されており, 私などの卑見を述べるべき筈のものではありますまいが, たまたまその当時の2・3の史料を見出す機会を得たので, それらを紹介すると共に卑見の一端を述べ諸賢のご指導を仰ぎたい。

著者

Hiroyuki OKADA Kohtaro MIYAZAWA Shigeo FUKUDA Yoshifumi IWAMARU Morikazu IMAMURA Kentaro MASUJIN Yuichi MATSUURA Takashi FUJII Kei FUJII Soichi KAGEYAMA Miyako YOSHIOKA Yuichi MURAYAMA Takashi YOKOYAMA

出版者

公益社団法人 日本獣医学会

雑誌

Journal of Veterinary Medical Science (ISSN:09167250)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.13-0363, (Released:2013-08-27)

被引用文献数

3 9

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The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of disease-associated prion protein (PrPSc) in the skeletal muscle of cattle infected with classical bovine spongiform encephalopathy (C-BSE). The study was carried out systematically in 12 different muscle samples from 43 (3 field and 40 experimental) cases of C-BSE; however, muscle spindles were not available in many of these cases. Therefore, analysis became restricted to a total of 31 muscles in 23 cattle. Even after this restriction, low levels of PrPSc were detected in the muscle spindles of the masseter, intercostal, triceps brachii, psoas major, quadriceps femoris and semitendinosus muscles from 3 field and 6 experimental clinical-stage cases. The present data indicate that small amounts of PrPSc are detectable by immunohistochemistry in the skeletal muscles of animals terminally affected with C-BSE.

著者

小林 孝一郎 村上 真由美 富山 徹 加藤 真理子 中屋 泉美 武田 美和子 横山 雄子 平井 紀子 河上 浩康

出版者

日本緩和医療学会

雑誌

Palliative Care Research (ISSN:18805302)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.2, pp.371-375, 2013 (Released:2013-08-29)

参考文献数

5

被引用文献数

2

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【目的・方法】在宅緩和ケアにおける多職種間の速やかな情報共有と緩和ケアチームによる苦痛緩和支援を目指して, ITクラウドを活用した地域医療支援システムEIRを導入した. 試用期間半年間に, 緩和ケアチームが関わって在宅緩和ケアに移行した5事例を対象として, 関わった医療者11名にアンケート調査を実施して, 有用性について検討した. 【結果】入力装置として全員がパソコンを使用, iPhone併用は4名, 現場で入力した経験があるのは2名であった. 入力時間は9名が5分以下で, 閲覧はさまざまな装置と場所で行われていた. 有用性は, 至急・重要メールは役立ちましたか: 3点6名, 2点3名, 1点1名, 0点1名, 情報量は適切でしたか: 3点9名, 2点2名, 連携はスムーズにできましたか: 3点9名, 2点2名, そして総合評価として在宅緩和ケアに活用できましたか: 3点9名, 2点2名であった. 【結論】在宅緩和ケアにおいて有用である可能性が示唆された.

著者

Hyeonkyeong Lee Hyunmi Ahn Arlene Miller Chang Gi Park Sun Jung Kim

出版者

(公社)日本産業衛生学会

雑誌

Journal of Occupational Health (ISSN:13419145)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.3, pp.206-214, 2012 (Released:2012-07-06)

参考文献数

43

被引用文献数

6 30

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Objectives: The purposes of this study were to identify the relationships among acculturative stress, work-related psychosocial factors and depression in Korean-Chinese migrant workers living in Korea and to determine whether work-related psychosocial factors mediate the relationship between acculturative stress and depression. Methods: A descriptive correlational cross-sectional design was used. A convenience sample of 200 Korean-Chinese full-time migrant workers was recruited, and 170 completed questionnaires were included in the analysis. Acculturative stress was assessed by Sandh and Asrabadi’s Acculturative Stress Scale. Work-related psychosocial factors were assessed by job demand, insufficient job control and interpersonal conflict measures from the Korean Occupational Stress Scale. Depression was assessed by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Self-administered or face-to-face surveys were conducted by trained data collectors. Multiple regression and path analysis were used. Results: Roughly 30% of the sample met the criteria for depression. Female workers had significantly higher depression scores than male workers. Acculturative stress and work-related psychosocial factors significantly predicted 26.3% of the variance in depression. A path model revealed the mediating effect of job demand on the relationship between acculturative stress and depression. Conclusions: Our results indicate that work-related psychosocial factors are salient factors that lead to depression among Korean-Chinese migrant workers living in Korea. The results suggest that occupational health-care professionals should promote the prevention and management of depression in this population and highlight the importance of acculturation context in the development of interventions designed to reduce work-related stress.

著者

Leonardo Candela Donatella Castelli Pasquale Pagano

出版者

CODATA

雑誌

Data Science Journal (ISSN:16831470)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.12, pp.GRDI75-GRDI81, 2013 (Released:2013-08-10)

参考文献数

28

被引用文献数

66

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Virtual Research Environments are innovative, web-based, community-oriented, comprehensive, flexible, and secure working environments conceived to serve the needs of modern science. We overview the existing initiatives developing these environments by highlighting the major distinguishing features. We envisage a future where regardless of geographical location, scientists will be able to use their Web browsers to seamlessly access data, software, and processing resources that are managed by diverse systems in separate administration domains via Virtual Research Environments. We identify and discuss the major challenges that should be resolved to fully achieve the proposed vision, i.e., large-scale integration and interoperability, sustainability, and adoption.

著者

前田 直大 伊佐治 麻里子 直江 可奈子 四藤 理佳 尾崎 裕之 橋本 哲郎 入山 美知 松原 浩司 下沢 みづえ 小田 貴実子 作田 典夫 新岡 正法 小林 道也

出版者

一般社団法人日本医薬品情報学会

雑誌

医薬品情報学 (ISSN:13451464)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.14, no.4, pp.179-183, 2013-02-28 (Released:2013-03-06)

参考文献数

11

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Objective: Doping is strongly prohibited in sports.  Sports pharmacist was born in 2010 in Japan, and the anti-doping activity is expected.  On the other hand, doping by arising from a lack of knowledge about prohibited substances in athletes, so-called “unwilling doping” is developing into a social issue.  In this study, we investigated the percentage of prohibited substances in all drugs and prescriptions in a general hospital, to collect information to prevent an unwilling doping.Methods: We constructed system to extract the drugs corresponding to prohibited substances in the prescription order entry system in Otaru Municipal Hospital, and we analyzed 3,306 prescriptions of 10 to 59 years old patients, from July to September 2010.Results: Thirteen point five percent of our hospital drugs met definition of the prohibited substance.  The number of prescriptions including prohibited substance(s) was 350 (10.6%), and its category was different from each age-group and clinical department.Consideration: Because prohibited substances are included in approximately 10% of prescriptions, athletes are exposed to danger of becoming an unwilling doping.  Pharmacist should be well informed about prohibited substances to prevent athletes from unwilling doping.  And they should provide information promptly and adequately for athletes.