著者

桜井清彦菊池徹夫編

出版者

六興出版

巻号頁・発行日

1987

著者

安田 美弥子

出版者

日本精神衛生学会

雑誌

こころの健康 (ISSN:09126945)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.6, no.2, pp.42-50, 1991-06-15 (Released:2011-03-02)

参考文献数

15

著者

町永 俊雄

出版者

日本社会事業大学社会福祉学会

雑誌

社会事業研究 (ISSN:02884828)

巻号頁・発行日

no.52, pp.4-20, 2013-01

著者

浅川 純子

出版者

社団法人 日本写真学会

雑誌

日本写真学会誌 (ISSN:03695662)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.84, no.2, pp.80-84, 2021 (Released:2022-06-17)

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一般家庭には,個人や家族が撮影した写真が大量に保存されている.紙焼き写真は,重く厚く大きなアルバムに貼られ, 所有者は高齢となり継承の問題に直面している.デジタル写真は,目に見えないために今や数万枚に及ぶ量が保有されている例もあり,特定の写真を探すのが困難な状態になっている.家庭内の写真は主に思い出の記録であり,見やすく探しやすい管理や,次世代への家族史の継承のためには,写真の整理という作業が必要となる.その手法とさまざまな事例を紹介する.

著者

藤島 秀隆

出版者

金沢大学教育学部国語国文学会

雑誌

金沢大学語学・文学研究 (ISSN:03898679)

巻号頁・発行日

no.18, pp.p18-22, 1989-01

著者

山上 俊彦 Toshihiko Yamagami

雑誌

日本福祉大学経済論集

巻号頁・発行日

vol.41, pp.173-200, 2010-09-30

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現在の日本において貧困は深刻な社会問題となっている. 1990 年代後半以降, 格差問題が活発に議論されていたが, 焦点は貧困問題へと移行している. 先進諸国において, 従来の社会保障制度は働く貧困層 (ワーキング・プア) の増加に対応できない状況となっている. 貧困問題に真摯に対応することは社会の基盤を構築する上で重要であり, 最低所得を保証するものとして負の所得税やベーシック・インカムが提起されてきた. 欧米の先進諸国では, ワークフェアの一環として, これらを基礎とした税額控除制度が実施されているところである. 福祉国家という概念は, リベラリズムや自然権のみならず, 自由主義思想の影響も受けている. 日本においても社会保障制度を再構築するために制度の哲学的基盤を整備する必要性がある.

著者

小馬 徹 コンマ トオル

出版者

神奈川大学人文学会

雑誌

人文研究 = Studies in humanities (ISSN:02877074)

巻号頁・発行日

no.207, pp.21-95, 2022-12-26

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The present paper is a sequel of this particular author’s former papers titled, ① ‶A mythical monster, Shii promoted the Shibues, top masters of Kappa, the most popular water monster in Japan" (Komma2021a), and ② ‶Rampant emergence of a mythical monster, Shii and the concealed outbreaks of rinderpest ―Ethno-history of massive fatalities of cattle and horses during the early-modern times in Japan" (Komma2022). In the 1st paper concerned, the author clarifi ed the historical process of the formation of the notion, Shii. Several Chinese books had been imported into Japan refer to Shii saying that it can miraculously steal into anybody’s chamber at amy time at will without being noticed, that it often harms anybody’s eyes, face, and limbs, and that it may kill the victims at times. Though those Chinese books never include cattle (nor horses)among Shii’s victims, when the natives of the Nagato and the Suou domains in Westernmost Honshu had been suff ering from massive fatalities of their own cattle in the early 17th century, they named Shii as the incident’s supernatural cause. After several decades, a Shinto priest living in the Suou domain who happened to be at a village in the Chikuzen domain in Northern Kyuhshu, witnessed quite a similar incident to theirs then and there. So he, with the confi dence, eagerly recommended the villagers to fi nd and kill racoon-dog-like creatures. Somehow they successfully hunted some heads, after which peace returned. Some other villages there followed suit and were successful in stopping the mysterious cattle killings, too. Hence Shii leaped into imfamy in nearby villages. An exclusively famous Confusian in the Chikuzen domain at that time, KAIBARA Ekiken wrote the incident vividly in his books titled Chikuzennokuni-nochinohudoki and Yamato-honzo respectively. Hence the high notoriety of Shii in the western half of Honshu and all of Shikoku and Kyushu. ① may be summarized as this. In the second paper ② , the author compares ① with Dr. KISHI Hiroshi’s papers. Kishi is a veterinarian, who identifi ed rinderpest as the aetiological cause of the massive fatalities of native cattle in his homeland,the Nagato and the Suou domains at that time, by referring to many archives well satisfying his fi ve conditions, i.e.(a) only cattle,(b)who are infected with some virus,(c) and died,(d) rapidly,(e) and alsomassively. He is the very fi rst and last person that substantiated the outbreaks of rinderpest during the early-modern times in Japan. His papers assisted the author indeed in that now we can safely say that the myth of Shii in Japan originated mainly due to the two great rinderpest outbreaks. Then, the last question is why did the sudden rise of the very notion of Shii in Western Japan as a whole occur just in the period of massive deth toll during the Kyohou great famine in 1732 which did not fulfi ll Dr. Kishi’s 5 conditions mentioned above, for not only cattle but also horses died in a great number. In ② , the author insists as follows. Through the extremely miserable experiences during the two great outbreaks of rinderpest in the early-and-mid 17th century, the native peasants realized that horses can substitute their dead cattle as ploughing animals. So, they did dreadfully fear the Kyohou great famine, during which their horses died together with their cattle, leaving no ploughing power, other than human beings themselves, behind at all. For the present author, the plenty of historical documents he cited as the hard evidence to corroborate the two great outbreaks of rinderpest, are heuristic and thought-provoking by far beyond expectation. The present paper’s author, encountered a thin document full of apparent miscopies in transcription, titled Kanbun-zakki meanig miscellaneous notes during the Kanbun era. After a careful study of the docu ment, a crucial evidence for the unexpected paradigm shift from Kappa to Shii as the aetiological cause of massive fatalities of cattle and horses loomed large out of historic mist. An offi cial circular of a tentative aetiology of the massive fatalities by Shogunate government offi cials was sent to each feudal lord in Western Japan during the second great outbreak of rinderpest in the mid-Kanbun era. The quite an old-fashioned circular, to which a transcription of the Shibues’ famous charm to avert Kappa’s evil attached, read as follows: the government recommends to press the charm to the head of each one of cattle, for the practice has turnd out very effi cacious to prevent the animal from dying in the Higo domain. Higo is the Shibues’ homeland. This is astounding fact, for, according to the standard academic evaluation, they at that time have been taken as persons of somewhat low social standing, up to now. The government’s pronouncement should have changed the attitudes of the common people toward them, especially in the Higo domain,avobe all. When the Kyohou great famine started, the above-mentioned paradigm shift from Kappa to Shii took place, for Higoites had been infl uenced by the aetiology in the Chikugo domain which was located in close vicinity to the Higo domain in the south. Chikugoites were known for having originated another diff erent concept of Shii independent from that of the Nagato and the Suou domains. According to it, Shii harms horses only, but not cattle, which is more profi table to the lesson gotten after the two great rinderpest outbreaks. So, it seems that the residents in the Higo domain successfully persuaded now prestigeful the Sibues to accept the Chikugo-like concept. All in all, the Shibues seem to come to be known as top masters of uprising Shii, other than those of Kappa. As a result, Kappa seems to have constantly reduced group consciousness day by day.

著者

Yusuke Masuda Jun Yaeda Tamami Aida

出版者

社団法人 日本作業療法士協会

雑誌

Asian Journal of Occupational Therapy (ISSN:13473476)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.19, no.1, pp.1-7, 2023 (Released:2023-01-31)

参考文献数

15

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In recent years, the concepts of value-based practice (VBP) and shared decision-making (SDM) have become popular as methods of clinical decision-making and consensus-building. Moreover, the underlying decision-making is commonly known as evidence-based practice (EBP). EBP is the necessary knowledge and skills for clinical practice of occupational therapy, but at the same time, the difficulties of EBP have been reported. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the structure of EBP-promoting factors, including clinical, educational, and research experiences, among occupational therapists. Methods: A questionnaire survey using a postal method was conducted among 30 occupational therapists working in Japanese convalescent rehabilitation wards. Results: Factors associated with the implementation of EBP and self-efficacy regarding EBP included the following: (1) experience of learning in graduate school, (2) experience of receiving education on research methods, (3) positive experience with research, (4) experience of working in professional teams, (5) experience as a clinical practice supervisor for students, (6) frequency of database use, (7) outcome expectancy, (8) work environment, (9) intrinsic motivation, and (10) barriers. The number of years of clinical experience of occupational therapists was not associated with the implementation of EBP and self-efficacy regarding EBP. Conclusions: Research experience, working in professional teams, and being clinical practice supervisors for students and others were more important factors than years of clinical experience to promote the implementation of EBP and self-efficacy regarding EBP among occupational therapists. The structures of these factors interacted with each other.

著者

南雲 千歌

出版者

国際基督教大学

雑誌

ICU日本語教育研究センター紀要 (ISSN:13447181)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.72-98, 1994-03-31

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"...Teki" words are widely used in modern Japanese language. The affix "teki" was introduced into the Japanese language during the Meiji era, based on the "tic" sound of English adjectives-sytematic, automatic, etc. Establishment of "...teki" word usage in contemporary Japanese language within just a century manifests foreign influence in the diversification of Japanese vocabulary. Imbedded in the characteristics of "...teki" words are certain characteristics of the Japanese language. To study these characteristics, this paper analysed 1152 "...teki" words that appeared in the magazine CHUO-KORON (1992.11). Concluding from the analysis are five distinctive points: (I) Frequency of the usage of "...teki" words is dependent on the article's topic. Frequency of usage is comparatively higher in writings on publics compared to culture, (ii) The type of vocabulary used as prefix differs according to the topic of writing. The variation could be distinct as: (1) Kango, wago, gairaigo in topics on politics and social problems. (2) Kango and gairaigo in topics on culture. (3) Kango and wago in topics on literature. (4) Only kango are used in topics on history, health and advertisement, (iii) Notation of the prefix varies by the type of vocabulary. (1) kango are written in kanji. (2) Wago are written in kanji or kanji+hiragana. (3) gairaigo are written in katakana. (iv) Frequency of repeating the same "...teki" is higher in politics than in literature, (v) The range of the meaning of the prefix varies according to the article's topic.

著者

Motohiko MIYACHI Julien TRIPETTE Ryoko KAWAKAMI Haruka MURAKAMI

出版者

Center for Academic Publications Japan

雑誌

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology (ISSN:03014800)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.Supplement, pp.S7-S9, 2015 (Released:2015-11-24)

参考文献数

18

被引用文献数

31 39

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Prospective cohort studies have shown that people with a larger amount of physical activity (PA) and exercise have lower risks of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). In Japan, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare published in March 2013 the “Active-Guide,” i.e. the Japanese official PA guidelines for health promotion. In this document, the most important message is “+10,” standing for “add 10 min of MVPA per day.” The establishment of the “+10” recommendation is supported by strong scientific evidence. Firstly, a meta-analysis including 26 cohort studies indicated that an increment of 10 min of moderate-to-vigorous PA per day can result in a 3.2% reduction of the average relative risk of NCDs, dementia, joint-musculoskeletal impairment, and mortality. Secondly, the National Health and Nutrition Survey (Japan, 2010) reported that 60.8% of the Japanese population is inclined to add the equivalent of 10 min of PA in their daily life. In line with these results, the “+10” recommendation is viewed as feasible and efficient for the Japanese population. To our knowledge, this implementation of an additional low-dose PA recommendation in a governmental health promotion policy is a world first. We hope that the Japanese PA policy will inspire other national and international public health agencies.

著者

田添 裕康 人見 一彦

出版者

近畿大学

雑誌

近畿大学医学雑誌 (ISSN:03858367)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.16, no.3, pp.515-523, 1991-09-25

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We report psychopathology in a chronic schizophrenic who liked to paint and draw. He firet manifested the disease at the age of 27 and committed suicide at the age of 48. From his work of art made from 30 to 48 years of age, We analyzed the relationship between his psychopathology and the artwork he had done from the age of 30 until his death. While he was not in a psychotic state, his drawings were very meticuious but not creative. While he was in a psychotic state, by contrast, though the patient was distraught, his awork was very creative. Drawing was for him an effective method of alleviating the pain of psychosis. He attempted to understand himself and observe himself objectively by drawing his own portrait and making himself into a piece of art. He ultimately failed to objectively accept that he had psychosis, and he committed suicide.

著者

小野寺 夏生

出版者

一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会

雑誌

情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.1, pp.32, 2023-01-01 (Released:2023-01-01)

著者

佐藤 信人

雑誌

宮崎県立看護大学研究紀要 = Journal of Miyazaki Prefectural Nursing University (ISSN:1345692X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.22, no.1, 2022-03

著者

赤坂 恒明 Tsuneaki AKASAKA

出版者

埼玉学園大学

雑誌

埼玉学園大学紀要. 人間学部篇 = Bulletin of Saitama Gakuen University. Faculty of Humanities (ISSN:13470515)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.15, pp.253-268, 2015-12-01

著者

張 涵泳 沖井 英里香 後藤 栄治 宮原 文彦 宮崎 潤二 前田 一 古澤 英生 宮里 学 吉田 茂二郎 白石 進

出版者

日本森林学会

雑誌

日本森林学会誌 (ISSN:13498509)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.101, no.2, pp.88-93, 2019-04-01 (Released:2019-06-01)

参考文献数

31

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九州の8地域に生息するマツノザイセンチュウの遺伝的多様性と遺伝的構造の解明を10個のEST遺伝子座の塩基配列多型を用いて行った。九州全域の遺伝子分化係数(GST)は0.53で,全遺伝子多様度(HT=0.63)の半分以上が地域集団間に存在し,集団間に大きな差異があった。8地域集団のHTは0.12~0.59であり,多様性に富んでいたのは,川内,新富,松浦,唐津(0.59,0.57,0.56,0.55)で,地域集団内におけるGST(0.43,0.35,0.25,0.25)も高く,被害木内集団(亜集団)間に大きな差違があった。一方,多様性が特に低いのは,天草,宮崎(0.12,0.18)で,そのGSTも小さく(0.01,0.02),亜集団間の違いは極めて小さかった。これらの2集団の形成には,ボトルネック/創始者効果が影響していることが示唆された。九州では地域集団が保有する多様性の二極化が進行していると思われる。

著者

高島 成侑

出版者

八戸工業大学

雑誌

八戸工業大学紀要 = The Bulletin of Hachinohe Institute of Technology (ISSN:02871866)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.3, pp.82-96, 1984-02-28

著者

横畑 泰志

出版者

一般社団法人 日本生態学会

雑誌

保全生態学研究 (ISSN:13424327)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.8, no.1, pp.87-96, 2003-08-30 (Released:2018-02-09)

参考文献数

47

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尖閣諸島魚釣島では,1978年に日本人の手によって意図的に放逐された1つがいのヤギCapra hircusが爆発的に増加し,300頭以上に達している.その結果,この島では現在数ケ所にパッチ状の裸地が形成されるなど,ヤギによる植生への影響が観察されている.魚釣島には固有種や生物地理学的に重要な種が多数生息するが,現状を放置すれば島の生態系全体への重大な影響によって,それらの多くは絶滅することが懸念される.この問題の解決は,尖閣諸島の領有権に関する日本,中国,台湾間の対立によって困難になっている.日本生態学会はこの問題に対し.2003年3月の第50回大会において「尖閣諸島魚釣島の野生化ヤギの排除を求める要望書」を決議し,環境省,外務省などに提出した.同様の要望書は2002年に日本哺乳類学会において.2003年に沖縄生物学会においても決議されている.現在は国内の研究者による上陸調査の実施の可否について,日本政府の判断が注目されている.

著者

山田 隆 杉本 一路 平松 紳吾

出版者

公益社団法人 日本農芸化学会

雑誌

化学と生物 (ISSN:0453073X)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.39, no.8, pp.520-526, 2001-08-25 (Released:2009-05-25)

参考文献数

31

著者

Seiji Yasumura Tetsuya Ohira Tetsuo Ishikawa Hiroki Shimura Akira Sakai Masaharu Maeda Itaru Miura Keiya Fujimori Hitoshi Ohto Kenji Kamiya

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.32, no.Supplement_XII, pp.S3-S10, 2022-12-05 (Released:2022-12-05)

参考文献数

46

被引用文献数

11 22

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The Fukushima Health Management Survey (FHMS) was established in response to the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident on March 11, 2011. The primary objectives of the study are to monitor residents’ long-term health and promote their future well-being, and to determine the health effects of long-term low-dose radiation exposure. This special issue summarizes the results and current status of the FHMS and discusses the challenges and future directions of the FHMS. The FHMS, a cohort study of all people who were residents in Fukushima Prefecture at the time of the accident, consists of a Basic Survey, Thyroid Ultrasound Examination, Comprehensive Health Check, Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey, and Pregnancy and Birth Survey. The radiation exposure was estimated based on the behavioral records examined using the Basic Survey. Although the response rate was low in the Basic Survey, the representativeness of the radiation exposure data was confirmed using additional surveys. There appears to be no relationship between the radiation exposure and risk of thyroid cancer, although more thyroid cancer cases were detected than initially expected. The ongoing Comprehensive Health Check and Mental Health and Lifestyle Survey have provided evidence of worsening physical and mental health status. The Pregnancy and Birth Survey showed rates of preterm delivery, low birth weight, and congenital abnormalities similar to the national average. Considering the above evidence, the Fukushima Prefectural Government decided to end the Pregnancy and Birth Survey at the end of March 2021, as recommended by the Prefectural Oversight Committee. The framework of the FHMS has not changed, but the FHMS needs to adapt according to the survey results and the changing needs of the eligible residents and municipalities.

著者

玉木 雅子 鵜飼 光子

出版者

The Japan Society of Home Economics

雑誌

日本家政学会誌 (ISSN:09135227)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.54, no.1, pp.69-76, 2003-01-15 (Released:2010-03-10)

参考文献数

15

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タマネギを充分に褐変するまで炒めたときの性状の変化を調べた.(1) タマネギを長時間炒めると水分の蒸発とともに, 色, 味, 香りが変化した.できあがり量が40%から20%へと減少する過程で色調が急激に変化し, 刺激臭も消失, 甘く香ばしい香りへと変化した.炒めることにより甘味だけではなく酸味や苦味も生じた.(2) タマネギの色が褐色に変化するまで炒めると, グルコース, フルクトースおよび遊離糖総量が減少した.(3) 炒め時間の異なるタマネギからスープを調製すると, 材料となる炒めタマネギとは味や香りの感じ方が異なり, フレーバーの優れるスープを調製するためには炒めタマネギよりも長時間の炒め操作が必要であった.(4) 炒めタマネギやオニオンスープの糖含有量と, 官能評価による甘味の強さとは対応しなかった.