著者
福成 洋
出版者
国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構
雑誌
情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.6, pp.376-386, 2014-09-01 (Released:2014-09-01)
参考文献数
10
被引用文献数
1

本稿では「アクションにつながる分析」をキーワードに,書誌情報を基にした研究戦略のための分析事例を紹介する。前半では研究力分析の評価指標について,被引用数やImpact Factorの限界について言及したうえで,分野横断のインパクト指標やジャーナル指標を紹介する。後半では,エルゼビアが国内外の大学に対して行った具体的事例を用いて,国際共同研究を促進するための具体的実践例を紹介する。まず国際共同研究の現状を,大学別,分野別に共著論文数,インパクト指標で考察する。さらに個人別の論文集合データ(Author Profile)を用いて,共同研究の参加研究者を特定した具体的なアクションにつなげる。Author Profileは研究者同士の交流促進にも利用でき,さらには研究者の流動性分析も可能にする。
著者
竹内 比呂也
出版者
一般社団法人 情報科学技術協会
雑誌
情報の科学と技術 (ISSN:09133801)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.62, no.2, pp.72-77, 2012
参考文献数
24

日本の紀要,特に大学紀要の現状について,その定義の困難さ,歴史,掲載論文の特性,質についてのこれまでの議論に着目してレビューした。紀要が学会誌や専門誌に取って代わられなることなく継続して刊行されている理由を,特に人文社会科学における研究や研究者の意識などから検討した。また紀要の電子化について,機関リポジトリの発展および大学図書館間のILLの状況を踏まえて現状を述べた。最後に,学術情報メディアとしての紀要の質の確保と,紙媒体と電子版が共存するハイブリッド環境下において書庫狭隘化に直面している大学図書館における合理的な紀要管理の方向性について議論した。
著者
田中 成典 中村 健二 加藤 諒 寺口 敏生
雑誌
情報処理学会論文誌データベース(TOD) (ISSN:18827799)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.6, no.5, pp.71-84, 2013-12-27

マイクロブログから特定の話題に対するユーザの反応を取得する技術が研究されている.マイクロブログをソーシャルセンサとして有効活用するには,ユーザごとの特性を知る必要がある.しかし,マイクロブログでは,ユーザが属性を公開していない場合が多々あるため,ユーザごとの特性を把握できない.このことから,マイクロブログのユーザ属性を推定する研究が注目されている.しかし,既存手法では,主にマイクロブログの投稿内容にのみ着目しており,リアルタイムに発信されるマイクロブログの特性を属性推定に活かせていない.そこで,本研究では,各単位時間の投稿数に基づきユーザをクラスタリングし,投稿内容,生活習慣と投稿時間帯から職業属性を推定する手法を提案する.実証実験では,投稿内容のみを使用して推定する既存手法と,時間的特徴をも考慮する本手法について比較実験を行い,本提案手法の有用性を確認した.
著者
金原 俊輔 Shunsuke Kanahara 長崎ウエスレヤン大学現代社会学部福祉コミュニティ学科 Faculty of Contemporary Social Studies Nagasaki Wesleyan University
出版者
長崎ウエスレヤン大学
雑誌
長崎ウエスレヤン大学現代社会学部紀要 (ISSN:13481142)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.3, no.1, pp.21-28,

行動療法は、インフォームド・コンセントを重んじ、実験を通して有効性が確認されたエビデンス・ベーストの技法を用い、クライエントが望む介入結果に至ることがめずらしくない、心理療法である。しかし、研究者や実践者たちにおけるこの療法への敬意は必ずしも高くはなく、とりわけ日本においてその傾向が強い。本論文は、文献などに見られる「行動療法は人間をネズミあつかいする」「クライエントの過去の経験を重視しない」「冷たい」といった諸批判を検討するものである。まず、行動療法の母体である行動心理学を解説する。続いて行動療法を概観し、特にその技法を詳述する。以上を通して行動療法の位置と性格を明らかにした後、これまで行動療法に与えられてきた19種類の典型的な批判を紹介して各批判に検討を加える。検討は「批判への回答」形式でおこなうが、その内容は、科学というアプローチに対する誤解の指摘、行動心理学と行動療法を混同していることの指摘、ヒューマニスティックという語の定義の再考、などから成り立っている。
著者
中田 考
出版者
一般社団法人 日本オリエント学会
雑誌
オリエント (ISSN:00305219)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.39, no.2, pp.66-82, 1996 (Released:2010-03-12)

In the history of Islamic legal thought, al-Juwaini's al-Ghiyathi is a unique work, because he devotes himself in its last chapter to dealing with the possibility of Mappo (borrowed from a Buddhist concept), the era of extinction of the Shari'a, not in an eschatological way but in a juristical way.He says that the knowledge of the fundamentals of Shari'a will be lost among people after the disappearance of its legal authorities, i. e., mujtahids and transmitters of madhhabs, which will occur after the disappearance of the political authorities, i. e., caliphs and sultans.According to his understanding, the extinction of the knowledge will happen not because of the lack and decrease of books, but because of the increase of hairsplitting debates and pedantic disputes which occupy so much the minds of people and students as to make them tired at last.al-Juwaini compares Muslims in the era of extinction of the Shari'a with people whom the message of Islam has not reached. He concludes that, besides the beliefs in the unity of God and the prophethood of Muhammad, Muslim's sole obligation in such an era is to make himself ready for observance of the prescriptions of Shari'a, hoping to get to know them someday. Because there is no obligation without receiving the divine commandments according to the Ash'ari school to which al-Juwaini belongs.In his opinion the details of the Shari'a can not be understood without guidance of its authorities. So the utmost which can be hoped in case the legal authorities as well as the political authorities have disappeared, is that individual muslims reconstruct the fundamentals of the Shari'a from the remaining writings on the subject and apply the fundamentals to their own situations.
著者
舞田 敏彦
出版者
東洋館出版社
雑誌
教育社会学研究 (ISSN:03873145)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.82, pp.165-184[含 英語文要旨], 2008

Children's academic achievements differ by social class. Today, many researchers investigate schools that effectively reduce these differences. They have pointed out that in schools that are successful in this endeavor, there are many practices aimed at raising the academic achievements of children from lower classes. In this paper, I attempt to clarify the effects of these practices from the viewpoint of added value. This study aims to compare the actual achievement levels of children of each region with those estimated based on their socio-economic conditions and to clarify the educational conditions in the regions in which the actual levels are higher than expectations. For my method, I analyzed the data of academic achievement tests. I clarified children's achievement levels in 49 cities and wards in the Tokyo metropolitan area and in school districts in Adachi Ward (73 primary school districts, 38 junior high school districts). I examined the relations between the achievement levels and the socio-economic conditions of each region. Using this data, I estimated achievement levels using regression analysis. Regions were then divided into types by comparing the expected levels and actual ones. I named regions whose achievement levels were higher than expected "Effort types." The opposites are named, "Problem types." I then investigated the differences of educational conditions between these two types. It was found that in Effort types, the numbers of children per school, class and teacher are relatively small. School size, class size and teacher's burden are small in these regions. In Problem types, they are relatively large. These differences are significant in the data from school districts in Adachi Ward. Based on the findings, I concluded as follows: 1. The influence of social background on children's academic achievement can be reduced by the improvement of educational conditions such as reducing class size, which is the task of educational administrations. 2. The improvement of educational conditions is less effective for raising the absolute level of academic achievement. It is effective for the reduction of the social determinants of children's academic abilities. 3. Evaluations of schools from the viewpoint of added value are needed.
著者
APATA Z. O.
出版者
The Center for African Area Studies, Kyoto University
雑誌
African Study Monographs (ISSN:02851601)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.11, no.3, pp.143-152, 1990-12

This paper discusses the roles played by Lord Frederick Lugard in the creation of provincial administration in Northern Nigeria. During his tenure as the High Commissioner from 1900 to 1906, the provinces he created were more or less "paper" provinces. This was so as the British colonial government had just been established in Northern Nigeria and thus exercised little or no control over most of the provinces. As the creation of the provinces was not preceded by a thorough study, and understanding of the customs and the indigenous administrative system of the people, Lugard's policies created serious problems. For instance, some ethnic groups were placed in provinces where they should not be. This provoked reactions from the people. Some colonial officials also reacted unfavourably to the creation of the provincial administration because of the huge expenditure involved. During his period as Governor-General of Nigeria, 1912-1918, Lugard embarked on the amalgamation of some provinces in Northern Nigeria. Like his previous efforts, this failed to materialize. The failure could be blamed on the character of Lugard and the style of his administration, as well as the peculiar circumstances of the governed. In spite of these problems, the provincial structure created by Frederick Lugard formed the bedrock of the British administration in Northern Nigeria in particular, and Nigeria in general.
著者
笠原 政志 山本 利春 川原 貴
出版者
一般社団法人日本体力医学会
雑誌
体力科学 (ISSN:0039906X)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.59, no.5, pp.541-548, 2010 (Released:2010-11-16)
参考文献数
47
被引用文献数
1

The present study was conducted to examine whether stretching was effective to control muscular atrophy.Subjects were eight male undergraduate students (height 171.4 ± 5.8 cm, body weight 72.2 ± 7.8 kg, and age 20.6 ± 1.1 years) and the muscle analyzed was the vastus lateralis.Firstly, the subjects were instructed to perform strength training for a period of 16 weeks, which was followed by a 12-week detraining period. During the detraining period, either the right or the left leg was stretched daily for 10 minutes (2 sets). The mass of the vastus lateralis muscle was estimated based on its cross-sectional area (CSA), as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Relative decreases in muscle mass were compared between the stretched and the non-stretched control leg.Muscle mass in the non-stretched leg showed significant decreases during detraining, while no significant decreases in muscle mass were detected in the stretched leg. This outcome indicates that stretching can influence muscle plasticity and, therefore, is effective for preventing decreases in muscle mass.In conclusion, this study suggests that, added to its known ability to improve flexibility, accelerate recovery from fatigue, and prevent injuries, static stretching is effective for controlling muscle atrophy.
著者
Yuki Masaki Maddux William W. Masuda Takahiko
出版者
Elsevier
雑誌
Journal of Experimental Social Psychology (ISSN:00221031)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.43, no.2, pp.303-311, 2007-03
被引用文献数
212 4

The current research investigated the hypothesis that, depending on an individual’s cultural background, facial cues in different parts of the face are weighted differently when interpreting emotions. Given that the eyes are more difficult to control than the mouth when people express emotions, we predicted that individuals in cultures where emotional subduction is the norm (such as Japan) would focus more strongly on the eyes than the mouth when interpreting others’ emotions. By contrast, we predicted that people in cultures where overt emotional expression is the norm (such as the US) would tend to interpret emotions based on the position of the mouth, because it is the most expressive part of the face. This hypothesis was confirmed in two studies, one using illustrated faces, and one using edited facial expressions from real people, in which emotional expressions in the eyes and mouth were independently manipulated. Implications for our understanding of cross-cultural psychology, as well of the psychology of emotional interpretation, are discussed.

67 0 0 0 OA 康富記

著者
中原康富
出版者

権大外記であった中原康富(1400頃-57)の日記。ただし応永8年の1巻は祖父重貞のものと推定されており、康富の日記は応永24年(1417)からである。書状や文書の裏を再利用して書かれている。途中にかなり欠落もあるが、長期にわたり書き継がれ、朝廷、室町幕府の動向、公家社会や自己の生活の有様を詳細に記録している。政治、経済、社会、文化にわたり当時の状況を知るための重要史料である。