著者

Noriko Kaneko Yoshikazu Nishino Yuri Ito Tomoki Nakaya Seiki Kanemura

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.10, pp.521-530, 2023-10-05 (Released:2023-10-05)

参考文献数

35

被引用文献数

1

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Background: Previous studies have shown that socioeconomic factors are associated with cancer incidence and stage at diagnosis; however, relevant findings in Japan are limited. We examined the association between socioeconomic status and cancer incidence, stage at diagnosis, and detection status by screening, as assessed using the areal deprivation index (ADI), in population-based cancer registry data.Methods: A total of 79,816 cases, including stomach, colorectal, lung, female breast, and cervical cancer diagnosed in Miyagi Prefecture between 2005 and 2010, were analyzed. After calculating the ADI at the place of residence in each case, we examined the association between quintiles of ADI and age-adjusted incidence rates of all stages and advanced stages by sex and site using Poisson regression analysis. The association between the ADI and the proportion of screen-detected cancers was also examined using logistic regression analysis.Results: The age-adjusted incidence rates of all sites and lung cancer in men and lung cancer and cervical cancer in women tended to increase significantly in areas with a higher ADI. The age-adjusted incidence rates of advanced-stage cancers were significantly higher for all sites and lung cancer in both sexes, and for stomach and colorectal cancer in men. The proportion of screen-detected cancer tended to be significantly lower in areas with a higher ADI for stomach and colorectal cancer in men.Conclusion: Our results indicate that socioeconomic disparities may affect cancer incidence and early diagnosis in Japan. These results suggest the importance of cancer control measures targeting people with low socioeconomic status in Japan.

著者

Chi-Kyung KIM

出版者

The Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers

雑誌

JSME International Journal Series A Solid Mechanics and Material Engineering (ISSN:13447912)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.46, no.2, pp.103-108, 2003 (Released:2004-06-25)

参考文献数

11

被引用文献数

1 1

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The time-discontinuous Galerkin method based upon using a finite element formulation in time is derived. This method is to use the weighted residuals to treat space and time in a uniform manner and thus integrating both the spatial and temporal variations of the unknown quantities simultaneously. The approximations are continuous with respect to the space variables for each fixed time, but they admit discontinuities with respect to the time variable at each time step. Interpolation functions and weighting functions are taken to be discontinuous across inter-element boundary. This method generates a complete space-time finite element discretization which eliminates the need for any additional ordinary differential equation solver to resolve the temporal behavior of the problem. No significant instability problems and much more rapid convergence to the analytical solution were experienced in this approach than the semidiscretization method.

著者

太田 尚子

出版者

日本大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2010

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本研究では、乳タンパク質のβ-カゼインとβ-ラクトグロブリンの脂肪酸塩存在下及び非存在下における相互作用について、超音波分光分析並びに動的粘弾性測定により調べた。β-カゼイン単独またはβ-カゼインとβ-ラクトグロブリン混合系は脂肪酸塩非存在下では一過的な超音波減衰の増加が観察されたものの、動的弾性率の増加は認められず、三次元的ネットワークの構築は起こっていないことが判った。一方、この混合タンパク質系に脂肪酸塩の一種であるカプリン酸ナトリウムを添加した際には、β-ラクトグロブリン単独タンパク質に比べ超音波減衰の増加や弾性率の増加は少ないもののゲル化現象が認められた。この事からβ-カゼインが脂肪酸塩存在下でテクスチャーモディファイヤーとして役立つことを示唆した。

著者

Yongho Jee Mikyung Ryu In Sun Ryou Joung Hwan Back Sung-il Cho Seung Sik Hwang

出版者

Japan Epidemiological Association

雑誌

Journal of Epidemiology (ISSN:09175040)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.33, no.10, pp.514-520, 2023-10-05 (Released:2023-10-05)

参考文献数

33

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Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity are well known risk factors of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We aimed to examine the association between body mass index (BMI) and ASCVD over a 23-year follow-up in young adults. We also qualified how much of the effects of obesity on ASCVD were mediated through blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose.Methods: Data are from the Korean Life Course Health Study, a cohort study of 226,955 Korean young adults aged 20–39. At baseline, the participants undertook routine health assessments where their BMI was measured in 1992–1994; and the metabolic mediators including systolic blood pressure (SBP), fasting serum glucose (FSG), and total cholesterol (TC) were re-measured in 2002–2004. The main outcomes of the study include incident events of ischemic heart disease (IHD), stroke, and ASCVD between 2005 and 2015. Cox proportional model was used to calculate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) for ASCVD.Results: In both men and women, the direct effect of BMI on ASCVD was greater than the indirect effect. The percentage of excess HR of BMI mediated by all of the metabolic mediators, including SBP, FSG, and TC, was 45.7% for stroke and 18.7% for IHD in men and 27.5% for stroke and 17.6% for IHD in women.Conclusion: High BMI in young adults increases the risk of metabolic mediators in their middle age, and metabolic mediators explain the adverse effects of high BMI on stroke risk than IHD risk.

著者

高橋 雅憲 高山 純一 中山 晶一朗

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集F6(安全問題) (ISSN:21856621)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.67, no.2, pp.I_53-I_58, 2011 (Released:2012-01-20)

参考文献数

6

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平成19年3月に能登半島地震が発生し,交通の大動脈である能登有料道路のほか,多くの幹線道路が被災した.そのため直後から道路交通に混乱が生じ,あらゆる社会経済活動に影響を及ぼした.その結果,地震などの災害発生時には,混乱を避けるために地域住民,特にドライバーに対する道路交通情報の提供方法が重要であることが改めて認識された. そこで本研究は,災害時におけるよりサービスレベルの高い道路交通情報の提供を目指し,地域住民にアンケートを行い,地震時の道路利用状況及び情報取得状況を調査する.そして今回の道路交通情報提供方法は適切であったかを分析し,また今後どのように提供すべきか検討することを目的とする.

著者

佐藤 郁哉

出版者

茨城大学人文学部

雑誌

茨城大学人文学部紀要. 人文学科論集 (ISSN:03886875)

巻号頁・発行日

no.22, pp.1-15, 1989-03

著者

梶本 和也 谷藤 正法 伊藤 潤哉

出版者

公益社団法人 日本水道協会

雑誌

全国会議(水道研究発表会)講演集 令和元年度全国会議(水道研究発表会)講演集 (ISSN:24361496)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.920-921, 2019 (Released:2021-05-01)

著者

平松 隆円

出版者

ファッションビジネス学会

雑誌

ファッションビジネス学会論文誌 (ISSN:13489909)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.28, pp.92-101, 2023-03-31 (Released:2023-08-31)

参考文献数

24

著者

大辻 千恵子

出版者

アメリカ学会

雑誌

アメリカ研究 (ISSN:03872815)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1994, no.28, pp.91-110, 1994-03-25 (Released:2010-11-26)

参考文献数

91

著者

東 暁子

出版者

The Society for Research in Asiatic Music (Toyo Ongaku Gakkai, TOG)

雑誌

東洋音楽研究 (ISSN:00393851)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.1988, no.52, pp.79-97,L8, 1987-11-30 (Released:2010-02-25)

参考文献数

17

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The primary aim of this article is to clarify the ways in which the framework of melodic construction and the linguistic tones of a text interact in the process by which a melody maintains its melodic identity, and takes as its object a genre of folk-song of the Hakka _??__??_(Ch. Kèjia) of Taiwan, the mountain song (Ch. shange _??__??_). Secondly, an examination has been made of the present distribution of the mountain song, which originally spread from the regions inhabited by the Hakka in the northern part of the island, and treatment has also been made of the special characteristics of the musical activity of the Hakka of Taiwan, which centres on folk-song. This can be viewed as an attempt firstly to analyse the musical phenomena of a particular music-cultural sphere as a sound idiom that includes a model for the making of music, and further to grasp anew the meaning that these sound phenomena hold within the overall context that gives birth to the music.Within the mountain song, texts variable in nature are set according to fixed principles of melodic construction. Of three types into which the mountain songs of the Hakka are divided, the type called sankotsú _??__??__??_ (Ch. shangezi) has been dealt with here. After a brief examination of the elements that constitute the framework of melodic construction—the form that performance takes, musical form, verse structure of the texts, and the methods of text-setting, etc. —analysis has been made of the correspondence between melody and linguistic tone pattern, in the cases of two-word phrases and single-word phrases, and in terms of the treatment of the entering tone (_??__??_ Ch. rùsheng) that exists in Hakka languages as it does in many other southern variants of Chinese.As a result of this analysis, it has been shown that the melodies of sankotsú folk-songs basically correspond with the linguistic tones of their texts. This does not mean, however, that the movement of the melody agrees completely with the rising and falling intonation of the linguistic tones. At certain points where movement of the melody is limited by the maintenance of its identity as a single song, the influence of linguistic tone is hardly felt. In the case of two-word phrases, there are numerous examples when the second word does not retain the rising and falling movement of the appropriate linguistic tone. Speaking generally, it is rare for the melody to be able to represent all characteristics of any single linguistic tone; it is by expressing part of those characteristics, sometimes by means of rhythm and sometimes by means of pitch change, that contrast with other linguistic tones is effected.Consequent upon the results of this analysis is the supposition that the melodies of sankotsú folk-songs are sung according to the linguistic tones of the. Sìxiàn _??__??_ dialect of Hakka. Even those who speak in Hailù _??__??_ dialect appear to conform to the linguistic principles of Sìxiàn dialect as their “sung language”. Since folk-songs of the mountain song variety intrinsically possess many elements that are prescribed by the language of their particular region of origin, it is often said that it is difficult for them to overcome the barrier of language and spread further in geographical terms. If so, the mountain song of the Hakka of Taiwan, which is distributed among people who speak in different dialects of Hakka, would seem to have changed somewhat in character from the original mountain song.Next, consideration has been made of the historical process responsible for this distinctive geographical distribution, and of the central role that folk-song, mainly that of the mountain-song type, plays in the traditional musical activity of the people. The Hakka people of Taiwan are immigrants from a number of places on the continent. We may speculate that

著者

甘利 公人

出版者

日本保険学会

雑誌

保険学雑誌 (ISSN:03872939)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.2012, no.619, pp.619_163-619_175, 2012-12-31 (Released:2014-05-08)

参考文献数

7

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東日本大震災における各業界の対応について,生命保険および傷害保険ならびに損害保険とに分けて,法律の視点なかんずく保険約款におけるいくつかの問題点を指摘した。今回の震災における保険金支払いにおいて,削減払いをしない対応をとったが,その場合の判断基準が明確ではない。生命保険の保険料の支払い猶予については,保険契約者の利益になるが,両刃の剣の面があることも否定できない。死亡保険金受取人の確定については,最高裁判決があり,保険金受取人の確定は困難である。損害保険については,自己申告による保険金支払いや地震免責の解釈問題に課題が残されている旨を指摘した。

著者

荒井 秀和 阿曽 克司 宮島 昌克 喜多 敏春 野村 尚樹

出版者

公益社団法人 土木学会

雑誌

土木学会論文集A1(構造・地震工学) (ISSN:21854653)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.4, pp.I_1021-I_1033, 2013 (Released:2013-06-19)

参考文献数

11

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日本海側は海溝型地震による津波の発生の可能性が低いとされており,太平洋側に比較して津波に関する調査や対策の検討が不足している現実がある.このような中,石川県ではこれまでの知見と東日本大震災後に中央防災会議等で議論された内容を踏まえ,石川県に影響の大きな津波波源を設定し陸域遡上の検討を行った.具体的には,既往の海底地質調査結果から活断層の連動等を考慮し津波波源として設定し,最新の航空レーザー測量データ等を用いた遡上解析を実施し,陸域の浸水状況を把握するともに近海での津波収斂箇所を把握した.また,今回想定した最大クラスの想定波源は、沿岸に既往最大津波以上を発生させることができた.

著者

矢藤 誠慈郎

出版者

一般社団法人 日本家政学会

雑誌

日本家政学会誌 (ISSN:09135227)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.73, no.5, pp.279-284, 2022 (Released:2022-06-04)

参考文献数

6

著者

大知 徳子 本多 博之 秋山 伸隆

出版者

県立広島大学

雑誌

基盤研究(C)

巻号頁・発行日

2021-04-01

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本研究は、宮島に伝来する文書のうち、「野坂文書」「大願寺文書」等の近世文書を整理し、未整理の文書の編年目録を作成・分析し、主要な文書を活字化することにより、近世における厳島神社及び大願寺の継承と変質を明らかにしようとするものである。

著者

萩谷 昌己 中山 泰一 Masami HAGIYA Yasuichi NAKAYAMA

出版者

情報処理学会

雑誌

情報処理 (ISSN:04478053)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.61, no.8, pp.847-851, 2020-07-15

著者

市毛 由美子

雑誌

情報処理

巻号頁・発行日

vol.55, no.3, pp.218-224, 2014-02-15

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情報処理に携わる者にとって,知的財産は守られるべきものであると同時に,侵害してはいけないものである.知的財産権の認識がないために,自らの権利保護や権利行使の機会を逸し,また,他人の権利を侵害してしまうことも少なくない.本稿においては,情報処理の各分野において,どのような知的財産がどのように保護されるかを概観する.具体的には,プログラムの著作物とその創作性,表示画面・アイコンの創作性,マルチメディアと映画の著作物,プログラムおよびアイコンの特許による保護,営業秘密,および権利処理の必要性等について,解説する.

著者

大矢根 聡

出版者

一般財団法人 アジア政経学会

雑誌

アジア研究 (ISSN:00449237)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.69, no.3, pp.18-34, 2023-07-31 (Released:2023-08-19)

参考文献数

70

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Since 1988, Myanmar been subject to conflicting movements aimed at democratization and the suppression thereof, exemplified most recently by the military coup d’état of 2021. This paper considers this topic in relation to the broader international structure, in which countries such as the United States, China, and the ASEAN nations have engaged in various forms of democratization and the suppression of the same in Myanmar, giving rise to complex regional and inter­national politics.Theoretical research on international relations has provided an excellent analysis of this international structure. In addition, area studies have produced a wealth of findings on the domestic politics and external actions of various countries; however, it can be challenging to conduct an analysis that combines theoretical research and area studies, as the two disciplines diverge considerably. This study integrates and considers findings from both disciplines as described below.Based on theoretical research, this study identifies the characteristics of the international structure described above after the Cold War and since the latter half of the 2010s. It then confirms how that international structure has been correlated with movements to democratize Myanmar and the involvement of various countries therein. Furthermore, this study examines whether area studies may provide alternative arguments or supplement and revise the findings of theoretical research. Through this process, it may be possible to explain Myanmar’s political disturbances and the involvement of various countries as a fitting combination of international structures and domestic circumstances.The results of this analysis will illustrate, for example, that while Myanmar pursued democratization with support from the United States and the EU in the context of international structures following the Cold War, the military of Myanmar retained its authoritarian grip and built its own hybrid regime. In addition, given the international antagonism between the United States and China, and the distance maintained by ASEAN nations from both countries, it will be explained how these countries are reducing their involvement in Myanmar as political chaos continues following the coup. This study also clarifies how ASEAN functions as a buffer between the inter­national structure and Asian countries.

著者

西川 治 奥平 敬元 吉田 昌幸 白石 建雄

出版者

一般社団法人 日本地質学会

雑誌

地質学雑誌 (ISSN:00167630)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.114, no.Supplement, pp.S75-S85, 2008-09-18 (Released:2011-12-22)

参考文献数

29

被引用文献数

1 1

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出羽丘陵は,東北日本が強い東西圧縮応力場におかれた鮮新世前期から逆断層や褶曲構造を形成しながら隆起を開始し,更新世中期にかけて全域が陸化したと考えられている.この隆起運動に関連した変形構造は,出羽丘陵成立過程の構造運動の実態を明らかにするために重要なデータとなるだけでなく,脆性領域の変形機構や変形様式を理解するための格好の素材を提供している.この見学旅行では,出羽丘陵西縁部に存在する北由利衝上断層群および中央部に位置する鳥田目断層群に伴われる変形構造を観察し,その運動像や変形条件について考察する.

著者

松下 哲也

出版者

一般社団法人 日本機械学会

雑誌

日本機械学会誌 (ISSN:24242675)

巻号頁・発行日

vol.118, no.1164, pp.684-685, 2015-11-05 (Released:2017-06-21)

著者

Siobhan M. Craige Shashi Kant John F. Keaney Jr

出版者

The Japanese Circulation Society

雑誌

Circulation Journal (ISSN:13469843)

巻号頁・発行日

pp.CJ-15-0464, (Released:2015-05-18)

参考文献数

131

被引用文献数

65 74

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Endothelial function is largely dictated by its ability to rapidly sense environmental cues and adapt to these stimuli through changes in vascular tone, inflammation/immune recruitment, and angiogenesis. When any one of these abilities is compromised, the endothelium becomes dysfunctional, which ultimately leads to disease. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been established at the forefront of endothelial dysfunction; however, more careful examination has demonstrated that ROS are fundamental to each of the sensing/signaling roles of the endothelium. The purpose of this review is to document endothelial ROS production in both disease and physiological adaptation. Through understanding new endothelial signaling paradigms, we will gain insight into more targeted therapeutic strategies for vascular diseases.