著者
若井 郁次郎
出版者
水資源・環境学会
雑誌
水資源・環境研究 (ISSN:09138277)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.27, no.2, pp.51-56, 2014 (Released:2014-12-27)
参考文献数
5
被引用文献数
2 1
著者
下井倉 ともみ 土橋 一仁 松本 伸示
出版者
一般社団法人 日本科学教育学会
雑誌
科学教育研究 (ISSN:03864553)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.38, no.4, pp.238-247, 2014 (Released:2015-01-19)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
6

Several studies have revealed that most students not majoring in science at the Faculty of Elementary Education are not confident to teach science at elementary school. We conducted a questionnaire survey to 1815 such students at 15 universities in Japan. The purpose of this survey was to investigate what they expect from university and what would be the most effective education in order to improve their confidence. The survey revealed that (1) the students only have confidence in teaching biology, but (2) not other scientific subjects covered at elementary school, and (3) they are especially reluctant to teach physics and chemistry. These results indicate that a comprehensive curriculum at university covering all science subjects taught at elementary school is needed to improve their confidence.
著者
山西 良典 大泉 順平 西原 陽子 福本 淳一
出版者
日本感性工学会
雑誌
日本感性工学会論文誌 (ISSN:18840833)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.TJSKE-D-15-00030, (Released:2015-10-09)
参考文献数
16
被引用文献数
1 1

This paper describes linguistic features of generally unreadable person names, which are defined as “KIRAKIRA names,” and proposes a method to detect KIRAKIRA names based on the features. Through the discussions, the following eight features are founded as the linguistic features of KIRAKIRA names: 1) Too many Kanji characters, 2) Too many syllables, 3) Multiple usage of a common Kanji character, 4) Kanji variants are used, 5) The pronunciation of Kanji is generally unknown, 6) Too many stroke count for Kanji, 7) Mismatching of gender between a person and the name, and 8) The pronunciation of name equals an imported word. Based on the features, KIRAKIRA names are automatically detected by using Support Vector Machine. The experiments to detect KIRAKIRA names were conducted for 10,000 names. The results of the experiments showed 81.79% accuracy, 76.89% precision, and 91.84% recall.
著者
Tomoko Mihara Hitoshi Koyano Pascal Hingamp Nigel Grimsley Susumu Goto Hiroyuki Ogata
出版者
Japanese Society of Microbial Ecology · The Japanese Society of Soil Microbiology
雑誌
Microbes and Environments (ISSN:13426311)
巻号頁・発行日
pp.ME17203, (Released:2018-05-25)
被引用文献数
81

Since the discovery of the giant mimivirus, evolutionarily related viruses have been isolated or identified from various environments. Phylogenetic analyses of this group of viruses, tentatively referred to as the family “Megaviridae”, suggest that it has an ancient origin that may predate the emergence of major eukaryotic lineages. Environmental genomics has since revealed that Megaviridae represents one of the most abundant and diverse groups of viruses in the ocean. In the present study, we compared the taxon richness and phylogenetic diversity of Megaviridae, Bacteria, and Archaea using DNA-dependent RNA polymerase as a common marker gene. By leveraging existing microbial metagenomic data, we found higher richness and phylogenetic diversity in this single viral family than in the two prokaryotic domains. We also obtained results showing that the evolutionary rate alone cannot account for the observed high diversity of Megaviridae lineages. These results suggest that the Megaviridae family has a deep co-evolutionary history with diverse marine protists since the early “Big-Bang” radiation of the eukaryotic tree of life.
著者
松尾 泰明 武部 博倫 太田 能生 森永 健次
出版者
一般社団法人 資源・素材学会
雑誌
資源と素材 (ISSN:09161740)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.105, no.14, pp.1067-1071, 1989-12-20 (Released:2011-01-27)
参考文献数
18
被引用文献数
2 5

The effect of the cooling condition of ferro nickel slag melts on retained glass and crystalline phases (enstatite, forsterite, cristobalite) has been discussed.Commercial ferro nickel slags were classified into two groups; one (slag A, B, C) was located the composition of the olivine (forsterite) primary phase field and the other (slag D)was the eutectic field between pyroxene (enstatite) and olivine in the FeO-MgO-SiO2system.The critical cooling rates for glass forming determined directly from the CCT diagrams were in the range of 120 to 20°C/sec and those were dependent on the content of SiO2as a network former. Forsterite, enstatite, and ristobalite crystallized from all of the ferro nickel slags in that order with decreasing the continuous cooling rate. The first crystalline phase at isothermal heat treatment from the slag A, B, C was forsterite, while those of the slag D were forsterite and enstatite. Enstatite and cristobalite gradually crystallized with the holding time at this treatment.In addition, the possibility of alkali-aggregate reaction were evaluated by the chemical test, ASTMC289 for the as-received and the heat-treated slags.
著者
中嶋 正之 白井 暁彦 谷本 正幸
出版者
一般社団法人 映像情報メディア学会
雑誌
映像情報メディア学会誌 (ISSN:13426907)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.11, pp.882-888, 2015 (Released:2017-11-01)
参考文献数
3
被引用文献数
4
著者
岡本 孝司
出版者
一般社団法人 日本原子力学会
雑誌
日本原子力学会誌ATOMOΣ (ISSN:18822606)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.54, no.1, pp.27-31, 2012 (Released:2019-09-06)
参考文献数
5

原子力発電所の安全を担保する思想は深層防護である。東日本大震災による発電所への影響を深層防護に従い検討を行うと,いかなる場合においても,電源を供給できるようにすることが必須であることが見えてくる。全交流電源喪失,全交流電源系統喪失,全電源喪失など,発生確率とリスクに応じて,電源に対する対策を考えていくことが重要である。わずかな電源容量であっても,ある程度の時間は稼ぐことができる。事象を整理し,俯瞰的に評価することで,プラント全体のリスクを低減していくことが重要である。
著者
Takahiro Kanda Kei Tawarahara Naoki Nakamura Yuki Tokonami Hiroyuki Aoshima Gaku Matsukura Masayoshi Matsunari Rumi Takabayashi Mariko Ozeki Hiroshi Ukigai Ryosuke Takeuchi Kazuhiko Takeuchi
出版者
The Japanese Society of Internal Medicine
雑誌
Internal Medicine (ISSN:09182918)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.60, no.19, pp.3121-3124, 2021-10-01 (Released:2021-10-01)
参考文献数
14

Acute type A aortic dissection is a potentially fatal disease, and emergency surgery should be considered when it is diagnosed. We herein report two cases of retrograde type A aortic dissection with intramural hematoma, followed by re-dissection, rupture, and cardiac tamponade. The diagnoses in these cases had to be made carefully, as the false lumen of the ascending aorta was sometimes unclear on contrast-enhanced computed tomography.
著者
Hidetomo Yokoo Eiichi Yamamoto Sayaka Masada Nahoko Uchiyama Genichiro Tsuji Takashi Hakamatsuka Yosuke Demizu Ken-ichi Izutsu Yukihiro Goda
出版者
The Pharmaceutical Society of Japan
雑誌
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin (ISSN:00092363)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.69, no.9, pp.872-876, 2021-09-01 (Released:2021-09-01)
参考文献数
23
被引用文献数
13

N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) is a probable human carcinogen. This study investigated the root cause of the presence of NDMA in ranitidine hydrochloride. Forced thermal degradation studies of ranitidine hydrochloride and its inherent impurities (Imps. A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J, and K) listed in the European and United States Pharmacopeias revealed that in addition to ranitidine, Imps. A, C, D, E, H, and I produce NDMA at different rates in a solid or an oily liquid state. The rate of NDMA formation from amorphous Imps. A, C, and E was 100 times higher than that from crystalline ranitidine hydrochloride under forced degradation at 110 °C for 1 h. Surprisingly, crystalline Imp. H, bearing neither the N,N-dialkyl-2-nitroethene-1,1-diamine moiety nor a dimethylamino group, also generated NDMA in the solid state, while Imp. I, as an oily liquid, favorably produced NDMA at moderate temperatures (e.g., 50 °C). Therefore, strict control of the aforementioned specific impurities in ranitidine hydrochloride during manufacturing and storage allows appropriate control of NDMA in ranitidine and its pharmaceutical products. Understanding the pathways of the stability related NDMA formation enables improved control of the pharmaceuticals to mitigate this risk.
著者
榎並 利博
出版者
国立研究開発法人 科学技術振興機構
雑誌
情報管理 (ISSN:00217298)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.57, no.5, pp.298-306, 2014-08-01 (Released:2014-08-01)
参考文献数
6
被引用文献数
1

日本政府は2000年にIT戦略本部を設置し,国家戦略として世界一のIT国家を目指してきた。しかし,情報通信基盤は著しく進展したものの,電子政府のランキングは低迷している。その原因は国全体でITを有効に活用するための基盤となるコードの統一化・データの標準化ができていないためである。国民を識別するためのコードの統一化については,ようやくマイナンバー法が制定され,実行に移されつつある。しかし,より根本的な問題である日本語文字の統一化の問題,特に行政手続きにおける人名漢字に関する問題はいまだに残されたままである。政府の議論においては,ITで扱う漢字コードを増やすことで解決する方向性を示しているが,その方法は問題解決にならないばかりか,新たな問題を引き起こす。筆者は,漢字の問題を公共性および人間とコンピューターの関係等の視点からとらえ直し,ITで扱う漢字の文字数を法的に制限すべきことを提案する。
著者
高倉 耕一
出版者
Osaka Urban Living and Health Association
雑誌
生活衛生 (ISSN:05824176)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.53, no.3, pp.145-152, 2009-07-30 (Released:2009-08-07)
参考文献数
17

Recently, there have been fears that an influenza pandemic is approaching in the near future and the importance of preventing infection has often been discussed. The possibility of controlling the evolution of virulence has however received less attention. In the present paper, I first introduce the evolutionary ecology of infectious disease virulence based on the existing theoretical work and then explain three possible selection pressures that favor very serious virulence and suggest promising methods to reduce the effect of each. Most of these methods are consistent with methods to prevent the spread of infection, while one also emphasizes the importance of international cooperation in the elimination of poverty and conflict. I suggest thus that evolutionary ecological thinking has the potential to provide a new point of view in the control of infectious diseases.
著者
岡田 健成 島 亜衣 竹内 昌治
出版者
公益社団法人 日本油化学会
雑誌
オレオサイエンス (ISSN:13458949)
巻号頁・発行日
vol.23, no.6, pp.321-327, 2023 (Released:2023-06-17)
参考文献数
22

近年の環境意識の高まりの中,低環境負荷なタンパク質として細胞から作る食品である細胞性食品,なかでも培養肉が注目されている。本稿では,培養肉の注目背景やその作り方の概要について述べる。その上で,特に「培養ステーキ肉」の実現に焦点を当てレビューする。新鮮な牛肉から得られたウシ筋衛星細胞,筋芽細胞を含有するハイドロゲルシートの積層によって約1cm角の培養サイコロステーキ肉を作製する方法を紹介するとともに,国内研究機関で初めて実施した培養肉試食の取り組みについて報告する。培養肉の官能評価が研究室で可能になったため,今後美味しさの観点から研究開発がより進展すると期待される。